陕西省专升本英语语法汇总
2020年陕西省专升本本英语语法汇总
一、句子成分与基本结构(包括时态）
主语subject
谓语predicate
宾语object
宾语补足语object complement
表语predictive
定语attributive
状语adverbial
WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom.2)Sang many songs and danced happily.3)She attracts.
4)Many people living in the country.5)All the books on the desk over there.
以上这些形式都不能构成英语句子。
英语句子(sentence)=主语+谓语（核心：主动词）
I．八大成分的概念和构成
1．主语(名词代词形)：句子的主体，是谓语陈述，说明的对象。
If you want the rainbow you have to put up with the rain.
不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。
The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching.
成功的秘诀在于从磨练开始，并要坚持不断磨练。
充当主语的形式：1）名词2）代词3）名词短语4）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式8）介词短语（少见）
形式主语（名词从句，不定式，动名词）（见第六讲主语和宾语）
2．谓语：表示主语的行为或进行的活动。
I have a dream.
You don’t always want what you need,or need what you want.
所需之物未必皆所欲，所欲未必皆所需。
谓语形式：动词（英语句子的灵魂）
3．宾语：行为或活动的对象，接受者或受影响者。
You don’t find opportunities…you make them.
你找不到机会。你得去创造机会。
You probably won’t hear opportunity knock if your television is always on.
如果你常开着电视，你就可能听不到机会的敲门声。
充当宾语形式：1）名词2）代词3）名词短语4）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式
形式宾语（名词从句，不定式，动名词）（见第六讲主语和宾语）
4．表语：说明主语的身份和情况。(跟在系动词后)
Time is money.
Three o’clock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do.
你想做什么事，三点钟总是太早或太迟。
构成形式：1）名词2）形容词3）代词4）数词5）不定式6）ing形式7）过去分词8）副词9）介词短语10）小品词
11）名词从句
5．补语：补充说明。（由动词类别来决定）
构成形式：1）名词2）代词3）形容词4）数词5）不定式6）-ing形式7）过去分词8）介词短语
9）副词小品词10）名词从句
主语补语
Tom was made monitor.
宾语补语
I made Tom monitor.
表语补语
I am sure to succeed.
First comes spring,then summer.
I’ve never been to America,therefore I don’t know much about it.
3)评述性状语：修饰整个句子，表示说话人的看法或态度。
Frankly speaking,the food is not very good.
英语句子成分歌
英语句子八呀八大块，主谓宾表真呀真实在；
补语跟着宾语表语跑，定语同位（语）专把名词踹。
状语的位置它自由自在，忽右忽左随心所欲摆。
浑身的毛病真呀真不少，前后乱窜它还会加塞。（RAP）
II．成分关系
1．补语跟着宾语表语跑：
补语跟在宾语和表语的后面构成宾补和表补。把有宾补的句子变成被动语态，则宾补就变成了主补。
To love others makes us happy…to love ourselves makes us lonely.（宾补）
We are made happy to love others…we are made lonely to love ourselves.（主补）
爱他人使我们幸福，在自己使我们孤单。
2．定语，同位（语）专把名词踹：
定语，同位语修饰名词性形式
Experience is the best teacher.（被定语所修饰的形式为名词）
They are going to Melbourne,the beautiful city in southern Australia.（同位语所修饰的形式为名词）
/(I)thank you.((我)谢谢你。)
(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词：The man looks worried,doesn’t he?(这个人看上去很着急不是吗？)
/Tigers are dangerous animals,aren’t they?(老虎是危险的动物不是吗？)
(5)祈使句一般省略主语。加主语时往往用来指定某个人。
Keep the keyboards clean,children.(孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。)(省略了主语)
/You go there and fetch me a glass of water.(你去给我弄一杯水来。)
(6)主语一般在句首,但在问句中会处于第二位和句尾；倒装句及there be 句型主语在动词之后。
如：Computers are made in this factory.(计算机生产于这家工厂。)
/Where are they?(他们在哪儿？)/Does the boy like staying home? (这个男孩喜欢呆在家里吗？)
句型四：形容词+to do sth
of sb to do用来说明人的性格特征和行为表现的动态形容词与不定式连用，
常用brave,careful cruel,generous,clever,foolish,kind,
modest,pilite,nice,rude,stupid,等形容词
It is wise of you not to agree with you.
It is generous of him to lend me his car,
不定式作状语
⒈作目的状语
(1)①I stayed there to see what would happen.
②Henry has decided to go to the hospital to be
answer.
The room is really comfortable to live in.
常这样用的形容词有：comfortable,easy,dangerous,difficult,expensive,fit,impossible
等。
⒉作结果状语
We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy.
不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中。如：
①so…as to;such…as to
I'm not so stupid(a fool)as to put it in writing.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。
I'm not such a stupid fool as to put it in writing.
②enough…to
The speed is high enough for us to catch up with thefirst liner.
③only to
Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying inthehospital.
④too…to
I'm too tired to stay up longer.
但在下列结构中，too…to并非是“太……而不能……”之意。如：
①I'm only too glad to have passed the exam.考试及格我太高兴了。
（too修饰glad to have…，相当于very）
②We have too much to learn.我们要学的太多了（不定式作定语）。
too....to的用法
一、too...to...的意义
too...to句型形式上是肯定的，但是它在意义上却是否定的，表示"太……而不能……"。
too的后面接形容词或副词的原级，to的后面接动词原形。too... to...句型是简单句。
例如：
He is too young to join the army.他年龄太小，不能参军。
二、动词不定式的逻辑主语
动词不定式所表示的动作的执行者与整个句子的主语不指同一人或物时，
需要在动词不定式前加上一个逻辑主语(常用for sb.)。例如：
The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out.这道数学题太难我解不出来。
三、too...to...结构表达肯定的意义
1.too前面含有表示否定意义的词，如:not,never,nothing等时，
too...to...结构不表示否定的意义。例如：
It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。(要学永远都不迟。)
2.如果在too...to...这种结构的前面出现了only,不仅免去了too 的否定意义，
反而加强了too的肯定语气，only too相当于very或very much。例如：
I shall be only too pleased to get home.到了家我将极其高兴。
3.too后接表示感情的形容词，如glad,pleased,happy,sad等时，
too...to...句型不再表示否定意义，而表示的是肯定意义。例如：
He is too sad to hear the bad news.听到这个不幸的消息他太悲伤了。
四、too...to...结构与enough...to...结构及so...that...结构的相互转换
1.将too...to...结构转换为enough...to...结构时，要注意：
(1)enough前的形容词或副词应是too前面形容词或副词的反义词；
(2)enough...to...句式须用否定式；
(3)too...to...结构有逻辑主语时，
enough...to...结构也要加上逻辑主语。例如：
She is too young to do the work.=She isn't old enough to do the work.
The problem is too hard for him to work out.=The problem isn t easy
enough for him to work out.
2.将too...to...结构转换为so...that...结构时，要注意：
(1)so...that...结构是复合句，so的后面接形容词或副词的原级，that 的后面接从句。
(2)that后面的从句要用否定形式。例如：
She is too young to go to school.=She is so young that she can't go to school.
请同学们做做下列中考题，以便检验你对too...to...用法的掌握情况。
2. b.so,that c.too,for me to
3. b.so,that
不定式作定语
不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：
①The next train to arrive is from Washington.
②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?
③Do you have anything to say on the question?
④Would you please give me some paper to write on?
⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.
不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：
(1)表示将来的动作（例①）。
(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词（例④）。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，
尽管有被动含义，却仍用主动语态（例③）；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，
则需用被动语态（例②）。
(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，例①to arrive=that will arrive。
作宾语补足语
一些及物动词除要求按宾语外，有时还需要有宾语补足语，说明宾语的行为、状态、特征，
这时意思才相对完整。
(1)常要求不定式作宾补的动词有：allow,ask,advise,beg,cause,drive （强迫），
encourage,expect,fo rbid,force,get,would like(love,hate),order,permit,persuade,
⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别
①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；
而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作，经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。如：
It's no good eating too much fat.
It's no good for you to eat so much fat.
②动名词结构作主语，可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语。如：
It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules.
二、作宾语
⒉动名词作宾语
①以下动词后，只能接动名词作宾语，如：admit,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,
keep,imag ine,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,save,suggest,don't mind,give up,
insist,on,put off等。如：
I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.
You must give up smoking,for it does too much harm toyour health.
②动名词作介词的宾语
I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead of staying at home.
What about inviting Li Jun to make a speech?
动名词前的介词有时可以省略，如：have difficulty(in)doing,have no trouble(in)doing,
lose no ti me(in)doing,prevent/stop…(from)doing,there is no use(in)doing等。
⒊部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。如：begin,continue,
start,hat e,like,love,need,require,want等。
在need,require,want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式，
如：Your handwr iting needs improving(tobe improved).
hate,love,like接不定式表示特定的未来事件，
接动名词表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：
①hate,like,love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee.
②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，
如：Thestudents are starting to work on the di fficult maths problem.
③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to
understand what was happening.
⒋advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，
或带不定式作宾语补足语。如：
Our teachers don't permit our swimming in the lake.
Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.
⒌部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如：
Don't forget fo post the letter for me.
Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?
Remember to close the windows before you leave.
I remember writing him a letter a year ago.
We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.
They regretted ordering these books from abroad.
②mean to do打算做某事
doing意味着……
I meant to catch up with the early bus.
This means wasting a lot of money.
③try to do设法尽力做某事
doing试着做某事
You should try to overcome your shortcomings.
Try working out the physics problem in another way.
④stop to do停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）
doing停止做某事
On the way to the airport,I stopped to buy a paper.
You'd better stop arguing and do as you are told.
⑤can't help doing禁不住……
to do不能帮助干……
They couldn't help jumping up at the news.
Sorry I have lots of work to do.So I can't help to make up the room for you.
⑥go on to do做不同的事或不同内容的事
doing继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续
He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势。We'll go on fighting so long as there is oppression inthe world.
⑦leave off to do离开某地去干什么（目的状语）
doing停下某事
It's time to leave off talking and to start acting.
They left off to go fishing.
三、做表语
动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，
一是结果（例①）。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等
为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定式说明主语的内容。
④Our work is serving the people.
⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.
⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.
④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving thepeople is out work,
而⑥句中是现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，
另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开来。
四、作定语
动名词作定语
①This passage can be used as listening materials.
②The reading room of our school library can hold800people.
③All moving bodies have energy.
①②句动名词作定语说明一种性能，即：用来……的；第③句为现在分词作定语，
单个分词作定语常置于被修饰词之前，与被修饰词之间，可构成逻辑上的主谓关系，
分词短语作定语常置于被修饰词之后。
如：The man standing at the school gate is Professor Hua.
动词不定式、动名词的其它用法
⒈疑问词＋不定式结构
疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，
在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如：
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet.
②Mr.Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there.
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well.
④The question was where to get the medicine needed.
以上例句中疑问词＋不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。
如：①When we shall leave…
③…how I could learn…
经常在这种结构中使用的动词有：consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,
hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。
⒉动词不定式的时态、语态
(1)时态
①一般式：动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后，有时表示同时发生。如：
I hope to become a university student this year.（tobecome发生在hope之后）
We often hear Dick play the piano in the next room.（play和hear 同时发生）
②完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如：
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.
We are too young to have seen the old society.
③进行式：表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生。如：
The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when Icame in. They seemed to be discussing something important.
(2)语态
如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，
不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如：
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语）
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语）
I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语）
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语）He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语）
在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。
如：There are still many things to t ake care of(to be taken care of).
但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，
如：These is nothing to do now.(We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
⒊动名词的时态、语态
(1)时态
①一般式：动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以是泛指，也可与谓语动词同时发生，
或发生在谓语动作之前、之后。如：
We are interested in collecting stamps.
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the firsttime.
We are not afraid of dying.
②完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。如：
Lmagine having travelled on the moon.
We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.
(2)被动语态
I wish,It’s(high)time后that从句中，表示与现在或将来的事实相反的主观设想
It’s time you went to bed.你该睡觉了。
I wish I were a bird.
2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to”和“would+动词原形”。
注意：used to表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。另外“be used to+名词或动名词”表示“习惯于……”。例如：
I used to smoke when I was a college freshman.
一般将来时的注意点
一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状况，由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成以及be going to。Shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。一般和表示时常、将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow,next month,next week等。如：
l)“be going to+动词原形”，表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如：
We are going to have a meeting today．2)go,come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive等词可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作；有时用一般现在时也可表示将来。例如：
I’m leaving for Beijing
be going to的用法
1.用于表将来Their daughter is to get married soon.
2.表示“义务”、“应该”。(意思接近于should，must，ought to，have to)
You are to be back by10o’clock.你必须十点以前回来。
3.表示“命运”,将来必然要发生的事,译作“注定……”。如：The worst is still to come.
They said goodbye,little knowing they were never to mee t again.
四、非谓语动词
非谓语动词（1）
一、作主语
⒈不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。如：
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：
①It＋be＋名词＋to do
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
②It takes sb+some time+to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?
不定式作宾语
①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope, lean,long,
manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等，这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。如：
I decided to ask for my money back.
I decided that I would ask for my money back.
When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot.
When our visit to the farm was over,we expected that wewould start back on foot.
②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如：
We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well.
He feels it his duty to help the poor.
③介词but,except,besides+to do(do)
在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。如：
The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.
On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV
It is+adj.+to do sth句型
It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour.
④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do
It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.
⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do
It seemed impossible to save money.
在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary等；
在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,s tupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is＋形容词＋to do句式，如：It'skind of you to help me with
my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English.
2.动词+to do（作宾语）
动词不定式做宾语其实你只要把不定式(to do sth)看成一个名词即可,
它属于五种基本句型里的主+谓+宾结构,例如I beg to differ.我不敢苟同.
能用此结构的动词有:
决心decide determin学会learn想want希望expect wish hope,拒绝refuse设法manage strive愿care假装pretend,主动ofer答应promise 选choose
计划plan,同意agree请求ask beg帮一帮help.为方便记忆大家把汉字连成句.
另外再加上afford to do sth承担的起
3.在一些动词之后，可以在连接代词（what/who/which)或者连接副词（how/when/where)以及whether后面接一个带to的动词不定式。这种结构是连接词宾语从句的简略形式。
I wonder who to invite.(=who I should invite)
Show us what to do.(=what we must do)
I don’t know whether to answer his letter.(=此处不用if）
4..不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式宾语,构成"主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词,名词)+不定式"
He found it very difficult to get to sleep.
他发现很难入睡.
注意：常用此结构的动词有consider,judge,make,feel,make等。
句型四：形容词+to do sth
of sb to do用来说明人的性格特征和行为表现的动态形容词与不定式连用，常用brave,careful cruel,generous,clever,foolish,kind, modest,pilite,nice,rude,stupid,等形容词
It is wise of you not to agree with you.
It is generous of him to lend me his car,
不定式作状语
⒈作目的状语
(1)①I stayed there to see what would happen.
②Henry has decided to go to the hospital to be examinedby the doctor.
(2)有时为了强调，不定式前可加in order或so as。如：
Bob took down my telephone number so as(in order)not toforget it.有时为强调目的状语可把in order to或不定式置于句首，但so as to不能这样用。在这种句式中不定式部分可转换为so that,in order that,成为目的状语从句，如：
I stayed there so that(in order that)I could see whatwould happen.
(3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容词、过去分词或动词之后可接不定式，如：astonished,glad,happy,laugh,pleased,sad,smile,sorry,surprised 等。
①We are glad to hear the news.
②I was surprised to see that a three-year-old baby could write so well.
在部分形容词后接不定式，用主动形式表示被动意义，这种句型中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。
如：The question raised by thestudent is difficult to answer.
The room is really comfortable to live in.
常这样用的形容词有：comfortable,easy,dangerous,difficult,expensive,fit,impossible 等。
⒉作结果状语
We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy.不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中。如：
①so…as to;such…as to
I'm not so stupid(a fool)as to put it in writing.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。
I'm not such a stupid fool as to put it in writing.
②enough…to
The speed is high enough for us to catch up with thefirst liner.③only to
Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying inthehospital.
④too…to
I'm too tired to stay up longer.
但在下列结构中，too…to并非是“太……而不能……”之意。如：
①I'm only too glad to have passed the exam.考试及格我太高兴了。（too修饰glad to have…，相当于very）
②We have too much to learn.我们要学的太多了（不定式作定语）。too....to的用法
一、too...to...的意义
too...to句型形式上是肯定的，但是它在意义上却是否定的，表示"太……而不能……"。too的后面接形容词或副词的原级，to的后面接动词原形。too...to...句型是简单句。例如：
He is too young to join the army.他年龄太小，不能参军。
二、动词不定式的逻辑主语
动词不定式所表示的动作的执行者与整个句子的主语不指同一人或物时，需要在动词不定式前加上一个逻辑主语(常用for sb.)。例如：
The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out.这道数学题太难我解不出来。
三、too...to...结构表达肯定的意义
1.too前面含有表示否定意义的词，如:not,never,nothing等时，too... to...结构不表示否定的意义。例如：
It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。(要学永远都不迟。)
2.如果在too...to...这种结构的前面出现了only,不仅免去了too 的否定意义，反而加强了too的肯定语气，only too相当于very或very much。例如：
I shall be only too pleased to get home.到了家我将极其高兴。
3.too后接表示感情的形容词，如glad,pleased,happy,sad等时，too... to...句型不再表示否定意义，而表示的是肯定意义。例如：
He is too sad to hear the bad news.听到这个不幸的消息他太悲伤了。
四、too...to...结构与enough...to...结构及so...that...结构的相互转换
1.将too...to...结构转换为enough...to...结构时，要注意：
(1)enough前的形容词或副词应是too前面形容词或副词的反义词；
(2)enough...to...句式须用否定式；
(3)too...to...结构有逻辑主语时，
enough...to...结构也要加上逻辑主语。例如：
She is too young to do the work.=She isn't old enough to do the work.
The problem is too hard for him to work out.=The problem isn't easy enough for him to work out.
2.将too...to...结构转换为so...that...结构时，要注意：
(1)so...that...结构是复合句，so的后面接形容词或副词的原级，that的后面接从句。
(2)that后面的从句要用否定形式。例如：
She is too young to go to school.=She is so young that she can't go to school.
请同学们做做下列中考题，以便检验你对too...to...用法的掌握情况。变换下列句型：
1. a.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.
b.The box is________heavy______________________carry.
c.The box is not________________for me to carry.
专升本英语语法重点汇总
专升本英语语法重点汇总 一、动词时态及语态题（大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态，特别是其中的过去完成，过去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等） 1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958. 2、By the time we got there，the play had already begun. 3、When I was a child，I knew that the earth turns about its axis. 4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day's exhausting work，his wife and children were sleeping. 二、非谓语动词题（特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别，大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别，要求大家多看我的上课笔记） 1、The film showed last night was very moving. （不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别） 2、Having finishing his lecture，the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question. 3、The problem being discussed is very important. 4、Given more time，we are sure to finish it. 5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here 三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题（这也是一个常考点，it本身是没有意思的，注意it 还可以指时间，天气等。） 1、It is difficult to study English wel l. 2、We think it is important to pass the exam. 四、强调句型（大家要记住的是it is （was）……that…，如果前面是it iswas 后面往往选用that，当然强调人的时候也可用who） 1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her. 2、It is what you will do that is important. 3、When was it that he bought a new car 五、倒装句型
专升本英语-复习笔记
从2001至今，普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习（普通专升本）考试只考两门课程，一是公共英语课程，二是专业基础课程；公共英语课程是所有非英语专业的必考课程。满分150分，可见公共英语在专升本考试中的重要性。为了帮应试学生更好地整体把握考试，给出历年真题的题型及分值统计分析表。 2003-2010专升本公共英语真题题型及分值表 从该表看出，自2006年开始，词汇语法、阅读理解、完形填空、作文都是每年必考的固定题型，并且分值不变。翻译也是每年必考的题型，从2003-2009年每年20分（英译汉10分，汉译英10分），但2010年翻译部分增加了10分的英汉对话翻译。词性转换自2005-2009年每年10分，但2010年取消该题型。每年固定不变的题型有词汇语法、阅读理解、完形填空、翻译、作文；可变化的题型有词性转换、补全对话、辨识错误和英汉对话翻译，预测这几种题型会任选一个，分值10分。 2003-2010年专升本公共英语词汇与语法测试试题分值表 从表中看出，直接考察语法和词汇知识分值有70分，占了总分值的近1/2。从2006年开始，在40分的语法词汇部分，语法占的比重大，如2006年，语法：词汇是38:2；2007年，语法：词汇是30:10；2008年，语法：词汇是22:18；2009年，语法：词汇是19:21； 2010年，语法：词汇是30:10。而阅读、翻译及写作部分，依然是考核语法词汇基本知识的，
所以学好语法词汇是考好专升本英语的关键。 考什么？学什么？ 河南省教育厅学生处“专升本”考试的要求指出：“英语考试要求为大学英语考试三至四级水平”。短短的几句话，包含了英语考试的全部内容，但我们考生很多时候却并不明白：到底要考什么？ Example 1:P52,03,36 Lynda and hundreds of young people like him____ the post of typist. 第A approach（方法，靠近，走近）B applied for C appealed to（吸引，恳求，上诉）D approved of (赞成) 题干研究： 1 考查词汇：Q1: like; post; typist.熟词生意。 Post no bills.禁止张贴。Post position of paid employment.职位。 2 考查语法：Q2: Lynda and hundreds of young people like him 并列平行结构。并列连词所连接的并列成分应当在结构和功能上保持一致，这就是并列平行结构，该语法知识点时常考到。 历年真题再现：直接考的有词汇结构题中的04，P98,24; 间接考的有：05，P85，阅读中4中句子A growing number of unemployed Americans waste time browsing the estimated 4,000 to 5,000 online job sites, filling them with resum es and then waiting for replies. 在这样一个句子中，并列平行结构这一语法知识对于句子的正确理解起到了绝对重要的作用。 选项研究： A approach（方法，靠近，走近） B applied for C appealed to（吸引，恳求，上诉） D approved of (赞成) 选项考查到：1 形近词；2 词义及语境，在此语境下只能选用某一选项。另外appeal t o 在同一份试卷的第49页阅读3中出现。 综合本题，其主要考查词汇的，考查形近词在特定语境下的区别。但间接的考到了上述的其他知识。如果不能正确理解上述相关知识，不可能理解本句的意义，也就不可能正确地根据句义选出正确的答案。同时，需要提醒的是，在本题中间接考到的相关知识点在另外的题目中就可能直接考到，真题已经说明了这一点。因此，教师要做到举一反三，同学也要做
成人高考专升本英语语法练习题
学习好资料欢迎下载 第一讲谓语动词时态 一、谓语动词时态 1.When I went into the gym, he __________ a heavy weight. A. lifted B. was lifting C. has lifted D. was lifted 2. The more you practise, the greater progress you _________. A. will make B. have made C. are making D. have been making 3. The train from this station __________ on time. A. never leaves B. will never leave C. leaving D. was never leaving 4. Fetch a doctor. The wounded soldier __________. A. was dead B. died C. is dying D. has been dead 5. The customer ________ the money on the counter and went away. A. lay B. lied C. laid D. was laying 6. She wanted to know whether you ________ her. A. will help B. will be helping C. would be helping D. would help 7.I won't be able to watch the program because I ________ my homework at that time. A. shall have done B. will do C. shall be done D. will be doing 8. My brother ________ while he ________ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell; was riding B. fell; were riding C. had fallen; D. had fallen; was riding 9.I had no sooner reached home than it _________ to rain. A: had began B:began C:begin D: begin to 10. I ________ about it since you had told m e what happened A: had been thinking B: had thought C:was thinking D: thought 第二讲情态动词 1. I haven't got anything to do, so I _______ go with you.
英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料 (专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)
语法七大语法考试重点 一独立主格 （一）：独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词； 名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词)+不定式； 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 （二）独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 举例： The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. This done, we went home. The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. He came into the room, his ears red with cold. He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 二过去完成时 1）概念：表示过去的过去其构成是had +过去分词构成。 2）用法 a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn t. 3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
专升本英语考点汇总
专升本英语考试题型 试卷题型及分值分布表
语法考点复习 时态与语态 一般现在时: 考点一:表示永恒得真理,即使出现在过去得语境中,仍用一般现在时,如: I learned that the earth goes around the
sun when I was in primary school、 考点二:在时间与条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时代替代替一般将来时;常用得引导词有: until/when/before/as soon as /the moment/if/unless I will not attend the conference if it rains tomorrow、 He won’t know the truth unless you tell him、 现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或者影响仍然存在。有标志性得时间状语; He has open ed the door、 I have bought a puter、
考点一:for +时间段;since+时间,主句用现在完成时 They have lived in Beijing for five years、They have lived in Beijing since 1995、 考点二:常见得不确定得时间状语: Lately, recently, already, yet, so far,up till now Has it stopped raining yet? 考点三:表示”第几次做某事“或者”it is (最高级)the best (worst, most interesting),主句用一般现在时,从句用现在完成时。 This is the first time that I have visited China、 This is the most interesting film that I have seen、 过去完成时
专升本考试英语语法总结
目录 一、句子成分与基本结构（包括时态） (2) 二、不定式. (6) 三、动词的时态和语态 (30) 般现在时的特例 (30) 般过去时的注意点 (31) 般将来时的注意点 (31) 四、非谓语动词 (32) 五、复合式谓语 (42) 六、动词的虚拟语气 (46) 七、状语从句. (51) 1、时间状语从句 (51) 2. 地点状语从句 (54) 3、原因状语从句 (54) 4．条件状语从句 (55) 5．让步状语从句 (55) 6．目的状语从句 (56) 7．结果状语从句 (56) 8．方式状语从句 (57)
一、句子成分与基本结构（包括时态）? 主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 宾语补足语object complement 表语predictive 定语attributive 状语adverbial WARM-U：1）The teacher in the classroom. 2）Sang many songs and danced happily. 3）She attracts. 4）Many people living in the country. 5）All the books on the desk over there. 以上这些形式都不能构成英语句子。 英语句子（sentence）=主语+谓语（核心：主动词） I .八大成分的概念和构成 1 ?主语（名词代词形）：句子的主体，是谓语陈述，说明的对象。 If you want the rain bow you have to put up with the rain. 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。 The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratch ing. 成功的秘诀在于从磨练开始，并要坚持不断磨练。 充当主语的形式：1）名词2）代词3）名词短语4）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式8）介词 短语（少见） 形式主语（名词从句，不定式，动名词）（见第六讲主语和宾语） 2?谓语：表示主语的行为或进行的活动。 I have a dream. You don 'always want what you need, or need what you want. 所需之物未必皆所欲，所欲未必皆所需。 谓语形式：动词（英语句子的灵魂） 3 ?宾语：行为或活动的对象，接受者或受影响者。 You don 'tfind opportunities ?…you make them. 你找不到机会。你得去创造机会。 You probably won 'hear opportu nity knock if your televisi on is always on. 如果你常开着电视，你就可能听不到机会的敲门声。 充当宾语形式：1）名词2）代词3 ）名词短语4 ）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式
专升本英语语法
语法 第一节词性 一．名词 1. 名词作形容词使用 名词可以修饰名外一个名词，起定语的作用，或于另一名词构成合成词。这时作定语用的名词一般用作单数名词。 They live in a country house. 他们住在乡下的房子里。 He often visits a night club. 他经常去夜总会。 2. 名词的所有格 1) 表示人或动物以及拟人化事物的名词在词位加’构成所有格，例如：the gentleman’ car , the dog’ food. 这种所有格也可以用于表示时间、重量、距离等的名词，如：yesterday’s news; three hour’s journey. 2) 如果修饰语有如下情况，应该在前面加of构成其所有格。 (1)表示无生命事物：the window of the house; the color of the car (2)集体名词：the capital of the firm, a member of this society (3)the+形容词：the misfortune of the young, the mystery of this coc iety (4)当a, an, this, these, that, any, some, no等词和所有格名词修饰同一名词时，需要同时用以上两种形式，称为双重所有格：I don’t use Tom’s car because I don’t quite appreciate that car of this. (5)有些时候两个名词所有格并列使用，他们后面的名词若分别属于两者所有，须在两个名词所有格后面分别加’s；若属于两个名词所共有，则在第二个名词后面加’s：Martin and Alice’s car broke down again, but luckly they knew how to fix it. (car为单数，说明这辆车市他们两个人所有。) (6)用连字符号连接的两个或者两个以上的词作定语时，其中的名词不能用复数：100-metre race（百米跑） 3) 名词的数 绝大多数棵树名词的复数形式为名词加-s或者-es, 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词要先变y为i，再加es.
专升本英语语法知识归纳(完整版)
一时态和语态：16种表现形式 一、一般现在时（do/does;am/is/are) 考点如下： 1.时间状语： 2.表示客观事实，永恒真理和规律。 必考点1：3.（主将从现）在时间和条件状语从句中，从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时表示一般将来时。 考法：If you pass the spoken English test,you will get a chance to go abroad. 解析：考试一般都会给出时间/条件连词，且从句中的时态，让考生们选择主句中的时态。 注意1：如果从句中的时态是do/does,那么主句中是will do/shall do/be going to do/be about to do/be to do.(be动词为am/is/are;这里will do出现的考点频率最高）注意2：如果从句中的时态是did,那么主句中是would do/shouldl do/be going to do/be about to do/be to do.(be动词为was/were;这里would/should do出现的考点频率最高） 2.He_______as soon as he finishes his homework. A.goes to bed B.will goes to bed C.went to bed D.will go to bed 主将从现例题：用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.If he_______(study)harder,he will catch up with us soon. 2.Frank_______(see)a film if he’s free next Saturday. 3.We won’t go to the park if it________(rain)tomorrow. 注意3：主句中暗含一般将来时，从句中仍然用一般现在时（do/does)： 1.the new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______ a.will arrive b.arrives c.is arriving d.is going to arrive
专升本考试英语语法总结
目录 一、句子成分与基本结构(包括时态）......................... 二、不定式................................................ 三、动词的时态和语态...................................... 一般现在时的特例............................................ 一般过去时的注意点.......................................... 一般将来时的注意点.......................................... 四、非谓语动词............................................ 五、复合式谓语............................................ 六、动词的虚拟语气........................................ 七、状语从句 (50) 1、时间状语从句............................................. 2.地点状语从句.............................................. 3、原因状语从句............................................. 4．条件状语从句............................................. 5．让步状语从句............................................. 6．目的状语从句............................................. 7．结果状语从句............................................. 8．方式状语从句............................................. 一、句子成分与基本结构(包括时态） ? 主语 subject 谓语 predicate
专升本考试英语语法总结
目录 一、句子成分与基本结构(包括时态） ? 主语 subject 谓语 predicate 宾语 object 宾语补足语 object complement 表语 predictive 定语 attributive 状语 adverbial WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people living in the country. 5)All the books on the desk over there. 以上这些形式都不能构成英语句子。 英语句子(sentence)=主语+谓语（核心：主动词）
I．八大成分的概念和构成 1．主语(名词代词形)：句子的主体，是谓语陈述，说明的对象。 If you want the rainbow you have to put up with the rain. 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。 The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching. 成功的秘诀在于从磨练开始，并要坚持不断磨练。 充当主语的形式：1）名词2）代词3）名词短语4）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式8）介词短语（少见） 形式主语（名词从句，不定式，动名词）（见第六讲主语和宾语） 2．谓语：表示主语的行为或进行的活动。 I have a dream. You don’t always want what you need, or need what you want. 所需之物未必皆所欲，所欲未必皆所需。 谓语形式：动词（英语句子的灵魂） 3．宾语：行为或活动的对象，接受者或受影响者。 You don’t find opportunities…you make them. 你找不到机会。你得去创造机会。 You probably won’t hear opportunity knock if your television is always on. 如果你常开着电视，你就可能听不到机会的敲门声。 充当宾语形式：1）名词2）代词3）名词短语4）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式 形式宾语（名词从句，不定式，动名词）（见第六讲主语和宾语） 4．表语：说明主语的身份和情况。(跟在系动词后) Time is money. Three o’clock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do. 你想做什么事，三点钟总是太早或太迟。 构成形式：1）名词2）形容词3）代词4）数词5）不定式6）ing形式7）过去分词8）副词9）介词短语10）小品词 11）名词从句 5．补语：补充说明。（由动词类别来决定） 构成形式：1）名词2）代词3）形容词4）数词5）不定式6）-ing形式7）过去分词8）介词短语 9）副词小品词10）名词从句 主语补语 Tom was made monitor. 宾语补语 I made Tom monitor. 表语补语 I am sure to succeed. 6. 定语：对名词性形式进行范围限定。 This is beautiful music. There are only two kinds of music…good and bad. 自古音乐分两种，好的和坏的。 构成形式：1）限定词2）形容词3）名词4）数词5）不定式6）-ing形式7）过去分词 8）介词短语9）副词10）关系从句
普通专升本考试英语复习资料语法练习修订稿
普通专升本考试英语复习资料语法练习 Document number【SA80SAB-SAA9SYT-SAATC-SA6UT-SA18】
普通专升本考试英语复习资料——语法练习 语法测试 1. When autumn comes， the ______ of trees begin to fall。 A. leafs B. leafes C. leaves D. leaf leaf 的复数形式 leaves 答案 C 2. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man。 A. has B. have C. will D. would never before开头，句子倒装。 主语so many people为复数。 engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。 答案 B 3. Mr. Brown， and not I ， ________ chosen to be the representative of the class。
A. is B. am C. are D. have been 主语 Mr.Brown 答案 A 4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train。 A. was B. were C. would be D. have been neither……nor谓语动词跟相邻的主语一致。 答案 A 5. The room is eight _______ long。 A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets foot 英尺，复数形式 feet 答案 C 6. Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesnt need any more。 A. is B. has been C. was D. had been ten days 作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式。(注意时态)
河南专升本英语语法--关键部分!
2017专升本考试英语语法 -------关键点 一.虚拟语气 虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）这一语法项目是各类英语（论坛）考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 I：最基本的虚拟语气句型： 1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式（be一般用were），主句用would/should/ could/ might +动词原形。If places were alike，there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。 2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would/ should / could / might + have +过去分词。If he had known your address yesterday，he would have telephoned you. 3.
虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should/could/ might +动词原形。If he were to leave today， he would get there by Friday 4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had，should， were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。If he had worked harder， he would have got through the exams.==》Had he worked harder， he would have got through the exams.If he were to leave today， he would get there by Friday.==》Were he to leave today， he would get there by Friday.If I were in your place， I wouldn’t do that.==》Were I in your place， I wouldn’t do that. 5.有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without， but for）、上下文或其它方式来表示。如：We didn‘t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. Without you help， I wouldn’t have achieved so much. But for （“要不是。..。..”的意思）your help， I would not have succeeded. II：虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况： 1. 在表示建议，要求，命令，想法的动词后的从句里，用should + 动词原形， should 可以省略。如advise，agree，command，decide，
2013年河南省专升本英语词汇与语法覆盖所有考点(1)
2013年河南省专升本英语词汇与语法覆盖所有考点（1） 1. I don’t mind________out for a walk in such bad weather. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 【翻译】我不介意在这种恶劣的天气里外出散步。 〔考点〕非谓语动词 【解析】C mind 后跟宾语时，常用动名词形式。 2. As a lawyer he spent a lot of time_____ investigations. A. conducted B. to conduct C. conduct D. conducting 【翻译】作为一名律师，他花费了大量时间搞调查。 〔考点〕非谓语动词 【解析】D spend some time in doing sth.（花费时间做某事）是固定句型。其中in 可以省略。 3. The new invention is to make our daily life easier，________it more difficult. A. not to make B. not make C. not making D. do not make 【翻译】新发明的目的是让我们的日常生活更容易，而不是更难。 〔考点〕非谓语动词 【解析】A be…not…（是……而不是……）是固定句型；be 和not 后面跟的结构必须相同。 4. ________，the old man had a sharp ear for even the slightest sound. A. As he was blind B. As blind as he was C. Blind as he was D. As he was just blind 【翻译】尽管他眼睛瞎了，但他有一只灵敏的耳朵，甚至可以听到最小的声音。 〔考点〕状语从句 【解析】C 本题考查的是as 引导的让步状语从句的强调句型。一般是强调什么成分就将什么成分放在句首。其结构为：“形容词/副词+as+主语+谓语”是强调表语blind, 故将blind 放在句首。 5. I ________ a little earlier，but I met a friend of mine on the way. A. should arrive B. would be arriving C. could have arrived D. arrived 【翻译】我本来能早点到，但路上遇到了一个朋友。 〔考点〕虚拟语气 【解析】C 本句考查的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句。在此类虚拟语气句中，主句谓语常用“could/might/would/should+have+动词过去分词”形式。 6. The news________our football team had won the match excited all of us. A. what B. which C. that D. as 【翻译】听到足球队赢得比赛的消息，我们大家都很兴奋。 〔考点〕名词性从句 【解析】C that 引导的同位语从句修饰主语the news，that 本身无意义，只起连接作用；what（什么）和which（哪一个）在名词性从句中充当成分；as 不能引导名词性从句。 7. Henry looked very much________when he was caught cheating in the exam. A. discouraged B. embarrassed C. disappointed D. pleased 【翻译】当亨利考试作弊被抓时，他看上去非常尴尬。 〔考点〕词义辨析 【解析】B discouraged：泄气的；embarrassed:尴尬的；disappointed:失望的；pleased:高兴的，满意的。 8. We are interested in the weather because it _____ us so directly. A. benefits B. affects C. guides D. effects
江苏专转本英语考试语法重点大全
江苏省专转本英语考试语法重点大全 一）倒装句 谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。从倒装的形式来看，可分为全部倒装(full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)两种。前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前，而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或be 动词等功能置于主语之前。 一、全部倒装 1、句首为there be, stand, lie, exist, remain, appear, seem, come 等时，引出全部倒装。 There stands a stone bridge across the river. There stands an old pine tree on the summit of the mountain. 2、句首为状语方位词或表示地点的介词短语： Then from the portable radio in the corner came the announcer’s voice.从角落里的便携式收音机里传来了播音员的声音。 At his side lay Eva Brown. 在他的身旁躺着的是爱娃.布劳恩。 — 3、以here, there, now, then等开头的句子，位于常用be, come, go, begin, follow 等，引出倒装： There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。 Now come your turn. 现在轮到你了。 但是，如主语是代词而不是名词时则不发生倒装。 4、在表示动作的简短句子里，为了生动，可把副词放于句首引出倒装。
专升本英语语法练习题及答案解析
几道非谓语动词作 1. He walked in, _____A____ a book in his hand, went to a table near the window and sat down in silence. A. carrying B. carried C. to carry D. having carried 【解析】答案选A。此题考查分词作状语的用法。首先不定式表示目的和将来可以排除；having done强调动作的完成，不符合题意，只剩下A和B，这是一个并列句，句中有三个谓语动词walked in, went to 和sat down。句中的carrying a book in his hand是现在分词，用作状语，修饰walked in，表伴随。提醒：此题易错选B。 2. _____B_____for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous. A. having ignored B. Having been ignored C. to have been ignored D. to be ignored 【解析】正确答案为B。此题考查分词作状语。因ignored和the novelist是动宾关系，而不是主谓关系，即“被忽视”，故可排除表主动意义的A。至于C和D，首先可排除D，因为它是不定式的一般式，表示将来意义，与句意不符；而C是不定式的完成式，一般不作时间状语。 3. _____B_____ to the consumers, more and more advertisers are using images of pop stars in their ads. A. Appealed B. to appealed C. appealing D. to be appealed 【解析】正确答案为B，考查不定式的用法。首先可以排除A和D，因为appeal是不及物动词，不能用过去分词表被动，从句意来看，题目想表达的是为了吸引消费者，不定式作目的状语，而现在分词一般情况下不能表目的，所以选B。 4.—What’s the matter with you? —____D___ the heavy suitcase, my waist was hurt unexpectedly. A. Having carried B. Carried C. While carrying D. While I was carrying 【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语。一般说来，非谓语动词的逻辑主语需要和主句主语一致，此题中，主句的主语是my waist，而非谓语动词的逻辑主语是I，所以不能用非谓语动词，只能用状语从句，所以选D。 5. ____D____with enough instruments necessary for the experiment, these scientists are expecting to finish it ahead of time. A. To be supplied B. to supplied C. supplying D. supplied 【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词作状语。这句话的主语是scientists，与非谓语动词supply是动宾关系，也就是被提供，因此排除了B和C，不定式作状语表示将来和目的，与题意不符，所以选D。 英语冠词典型考题讲练 1. Tom owns ________ larger collection of ________ books than any other student in our class. A. the; 不填B.a; 不填C. a; the D.不填; the 2. For a long time they walked without saying ________ word. Jim was the first to break ________ silence. A. the; a B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填 3. When he left ________ college, he got a job as ________ reporter in a newspaper office. A.不填；a B.不填；the C. a ; the D. the ; the 4. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off ________ . A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices 5. ________ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is ________ major concern of the country. A. The; 不填 B. The; a C. An; the D. An; 不填 6. The Wilsons live in ________ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ________ 17th century cottage. A. the , / B. an, the C. /, the D. an, a 7. When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to ________ hotel; I can find you ________ bed in my flat. A. the; a B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. a; 不填 8. When you finish reading this book, you will have ________ better understanding of ________ life. A.a, the B. the, a C. /, the D. a, / 9. It is ________ world of wonders ________ world where anything can happen. A. a, the B. a, a C. the, a D.不填, 不填