翻译三级笔译实务分类真题1_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

翻译三级笔译实务分类真题1

(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)

Section Ⅰ English Chinese Translation

1.

Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.

In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year.

"It is practically all ice—permafrost—and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.

A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.

Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.

Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.

In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.

A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.

Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.

And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his

herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.

"The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting

inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."

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随着全球变暖，海冰逐渐融化，海水水位上涨，侵蚀着北极圈附近的沿海居住区。

位于俄罗斯东北海岸的拜考夫斯基村(Bykovsky)居住着457名村民，这里的海岸线逐渐受到侵蚀，每年以15至18英尺的速度后退，日益逼近村舍和取暖用油桶。

“这里实际上是永冻层，全是冰，而现在冰层都在融化。”对于生活在北极圈以北的400万居民来说，气候变化带来了新机遇，但也对他们的生活环境和住所构成了威胁。很多居民世代生活在冰天雪地的荒野里，形成了自己独特的文化习俗，气候变化给当地文化保护工作也同样带来了威胁。

随着北冰洋海冰日渐融化，人们开始加速开发北极地区，这对于生活在极地的居民来说利弊兼有。在巴伦支海和卡拉海地区发现了大型油田后，人们不禁担心，满载着石油(不久后还会有液化气)的船只穿行斯堪的纳维亚沿岸的渔场前往欧洲和北美市场的途中可能会发生灾难性事故。随着北极地区能源工业的蓬勃发展，发电厂、烟囱和大型运输工具等配套设备、设施相继建立或出现，这片未被人类染指的净土也终将会受到污染。

阿拉斯加也面临海岸线遭受侵蚀的问题。对此，美国政府计划对因纽特人居住的几个村庄进行搬迁，每个村庄的搬迁成本预计在1亿美元以上。

北极地区的土著部落几百年来都生活在冰封雪冻的极端自然环境里，形成了自己独特的文化传统。现在，他们开始注意到天气和野生动物的变化，也在积极努力去适应气候变化，但这又谈何容易。

在挪威最北端的芬马克省，冬末时节的北极地区是一望无际的雪域景象，万籁俱寂，偶尔能听到驯鹿的嘶鸣声和养鹿人驾驶的雪地摩托发出的轰鸣声。

即使在这里也能感受到气候变化的影响。现年31岁的养鹿人埃拉说：“驯鹿越来越不开心。”

挪威的环保工作和土著文化保护工作走在世界前列。挪威政府拿出相当部分的石油收入用来保护这里的土著文化，萨米文化也由此迎来了复兴。

埃拉的生活与驯鹿已经密不可分。然而，他认为，无论政府投入多少资金用于土著文化保护，他的生活方式也终将会发生变化。像得克萨斯州的牧场主一样，埃拉不愿透露自己养了多少头驯鹿。不过，他说春秋季节天气转暖使得雪地的上层融化，之后融化的雪水(到了夏冬季节)再次结冰，驯鹿想要吃到底层的地衣就更不容易了。

“他们决策者都住在(北极圈)以南的城镇里，”埃拉坐在自己用鹿皮搭建的屋子里说道，“观察不到气候的真实变化。只有生活在大自然里、以大自然为生的人才能体会得到。”

2.

Faced with growing evidence that avian influenza is spreading in birds, the World Health Organization on Wednesday signed an agreement with the Swiss **pany Roche Holding to build up its stockpile of medicines in case of a pandemic in humans.

Under the agreement, Roche will reserve three million treatments of its Tamiflu antiviral medicine for use by the UN agency in case of a worldwide human pandemic of avian flu.

"It's just enough to deal with an initial outbreak," said Jong-Wook Lee, director-general of the WHO. "But clearly this is not enough to deal with a full pandemic."

The agency says only 57 people in Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia have died, mainly from contact with infected birds. The virus has killed millions of chickens and led to preventive culling across Asia since late 2003.

Sustained human-to-human infection has not yet been recorded. But the World Health Organization warns that bird flu, which first appeared in Hong Kong in 1997, could mutate genetically, making it easier for humans to catch and transmit the disease among themselves.

Signs the disease has spread recently to birds in Siberia and Kazakhstan are adding to concerns, the WHO says. A panel of European Union experts will convene Thursday in Brussels to discuss measures to prevent the spread of bird deaths to European poultry.

When asked whether he thought a widespread outbreak in humans was imminent, Lee said: "We don't know when it **e. But it would be hugely irresponsible if the WHO and member states did not take preventive measures now."

Roche declined to give figures for its stockpiles of Tamiflu.

A spokeswoman for **pany, Martina Rupp, said it took from 12 to

18 months to deliver the drug after an order was placed—a relatively long time due to a complicated production process.

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鉴于有越来越多的证据表明禽流感正在不断蔓延，世界卫生组织周三与瑞士罗氏制药公司签署协议，要求罗氏增加药物储备以防人类爆发大范围禽流感疫情。

按照该协议，为应对可能出现的全球性人类禽流感疫情爆发，罗氏将为世界卫生组织储备30077份达菲(抗病毒药物)以备不时之需。

“这仅够满足疫情爆发初期的药物需求，”世界卫生组织总干事李钟郁说，“显然不足以应对疫情全面爆发时的情况。”

世界卫生组织称，目前在印度尼西亚、越南、泰国和柬埔寨仅有57人死于禽流感，且死者中主要是因为接触了受感染的禽类而发病。自2003年年底禽流感疫情爆发以来，在亚洲有数百万只鸡死亡，为防止疫情进一步蔓延，对家禽进行了大规模扑杀。

现在尚未有持续性人传人感染的报道。不过，世界卫生组织警告称，最早于1997年在香港出现的禽流感病毒可能会发生变异，人类对病毒会更加易感，人传人的几率也会增加。

世界卫生组织称，有迹象表明，禽流感最近已蔓延至西伯利亚和哈萨克斯坦，这使人们更加担忧。周四，欧盟专家小组将在布鲁塞尔召开会议，商讨如何防止禽流感疫情蔓延至欧洲，保护当地家禽不受感染。当被问及是否会很快出现大范围人传人禽流感疫情时，李钟郁说：“我们不知道何时会出现，但是如果世界卫生组织及其成员国现在不采取预防措施的话将是极其不负责任的。”

罗氏制药公司并未透露储备了多少剂达菲。

该公司发言人玛蒂娜·鲁普称，由于达菲生产工艺复杂，在接到订单后需要一到一年半才能交货。

Section Ⅱ Chinese-English Translation

1.

维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。中国高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚持走和平发展道路，与世界各国一道，共同致力于建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

中国与世界从未像今天这样紧密相连。中国政府把中国人民的根本利益与各国人民的共同利益结合起来，坚持奉行防御性的国防政策。中国的国防服从和服务于国家发展战略和安全战略，旨在维护国家安全统一，确保实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。中国永远是维护世界和平、安全、稳定的坚定力量。

中国在经济不断发展的基础上推进国防和军队现代化，是适应世界新军事变革发展趋势、维护国家安全和发展利益的需要。中国不会与任何国家进行军备竞赛，不会对任何国家构成军事威胁。新世纪新阶段，中国把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针，积极推进中国特色军事变革，努力实现国防和军队建设全面协调可持续发展。

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译文1

To uphold world peace, **mon development and seek cooperation and win-win is **mon wish of the people around the world and an irresistible trend of our times.

Committed to peace, development and cooperation, China pursues a

road of peaceful development, and endeavors to build, together with other countries, a harmonious world of enduring peace **mon prosperity.

Never before has China been so closely bound up with the rest of the world as it is today. The Chinese government works to advance both the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and **mon interests of the peoples of the rest of the world, and pursues a defense policy which is purely defensive in nature. China's national defense, in keeping with and contributing to the country's development and security strategies, aims at maintaining national security and unity, and ensuring the realization of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. China is determined to remain a staunch force for global peace, security and stability.

China's national defense and military modernization, conducted on the basis of steady economic development, is the requirement of keeping up with new trends in the global revolution and development

in military affairs, and of maintaining China's national security and development. China will not engage in any arms race or pose a

military threat to any other country. At the new stage in the new century, we will take the scientific development outlook as an important guiding principle for the building of national defense and military affairs, vigorously advance the revolution in military affairs with Chinese features, and strive to realize an all-round, coordinated and sustainable development in our country's national defense and military capabilities.

译文2

Universal peace, common/inclusive development and win-win cooperation represent the shared aspiration of all peoples across the world/a universal aspiration and an irresistible/irreversible trend of our times. As such/In this context, China **mitted to peaceful development and stands ready/poised to work with the rest of the world/join in global efforts to build a harmonious world of enduring peace **mon prosperity/where all live in peace and prosperity/where peace prevails and prosperity reaches all corners/a world of peace and prosperity for all.

Never before in history has China been so closely linked

to/interlinked with/interconnected with/integrated with the outside world. As the Chinese government bears in mind both the fundamental interests of its people and **mon interests of the **munity, it pursues a national defense policy that is defensive in nature. When

it comes to national defense, China acts in line with and in the strategic interest of national development and security. China's national defense aims to safeguard national security and unity and

secure the building of a well-off society in all aspects. China remains a staunch force behind/for world peace, security and

stability now and forever.

China's push for defense and military modernization amid/on the back of its ongoing economic boom follows/conforms with/consists with the emerging global trend of military upgrading **es as a safeguard for national security and development gains. China will refrain from entering an arms race with any other country, and will

constitute/pose no military threat to anyone./China will not enter neither will it... At the new development stage in the new century, we are, guided by scientific outlook on development, pushing

for/pressing ahead with/moving forward with military reform with distinctive Chinese features to modernize national defense and the army in a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable way. /At this point, China is committed to military reform with distinctive Chinese features. Guided by scientific outlook on development in this endeavor, we are working to modernize national defense and the army in a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable fashion.

2.

25年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，开放型经济已经形成，社会生产力和综合国力不断增强，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。

从1978年至2003年的25年间，中国经济年均增长9.4%。25年前，中国年国内生产总值为1473亿美元，去年已达到14000多亿美元。

25年前，中国年进出口贸易总额为206亿美元，去年已达到8512亿美元。25年前，中国外汇储备为1.67亿美元，去年已达到4033亿美元。

目前，中国经济总量居世界第六，进出口贸易总额居世界第四。中国之所以能够发生这样巨大的变化，最关键的原因是我们始终坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，始终坚持改革开放，激发了全体人民的积极性、主动性、创造性。

中国虽然取得了很大的发展成就，但中国人口多，底子薄，生产力不发达，发展很不平衡，生态环境、自然资源与经济社会发展的矛盾比较突出。

虽然中国人均国内生产总值已经突破1000美元，但仍排在世界一百位以后。中国要实现现代化，使全体人民都过上富裕生活，还需要进行长期不懈的艰苦奋斗。

我们已经明确了本世纪头20年的奋斗目标，这就是全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，到2020年实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番，达到4万亿美元，人均国内生产总值达到3000美元，使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步、文化更加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实。

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In the past 25 years, while pressing ahead with reform and opening up, China has put initially in place a socialist market economy, an

economy that is open to the outside world. China's productive forces and overall national strength have been constantly enhanced. With various social undertakings developing in full swing, the Chinese people as a whole have made the historical leap from subsistence to modest prosperity. In the course of 25 years between 1978 and 2003, China's economy grew by an average annual rate of 9.4 percent, with its GDP, foreign trade and foreign exchange reserves jumping from 147.3 billion US dollars, 20.6 billion US dollars and 167 million US dollars to over 1.4 trillion US dollars, 851.2 billion US dollars and 403.3 billion US dollars respectively. China now is the world's sixth largest economy and the fourth largest trader. The reason why China has produced such tremendous changes is we have adhered to the road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and persevered in reform and opening-up, thus galvanizing the Chinese people's initiative, enthusiasm and creativity.

Though China has achieved impressive results in its development, there are still many acute problems, such as overpopulation, weak economic foundation, underdeveloped productivity, highly uneven development, and a fairly sharp contradiction between the country's ecological environment and natural resources on the one hand and its economic and social development on the other. China's per capita GDP, though reaching the record high of 1,000 US dollars last year, still ranks behind the 100th place in the world. To make China's modernization program a success and deliver a prosperous life for all the Chinese people still requires a long and uphill battle.

We have already set a clear goal for the first 20 years of this century. Namely, in building a well-off society of a higher standard in an all-round way for the benefit of well over one billion Chinese people, we will quadruple the 2000 GDP to 4 trillion US dollars with a per capita GDP of 3,000 US dollars, further develop the economy, improve democracy, advance science and education, enrich culture, foster greater social harmony and upgrade the texture of life for the people.

Over the past quarter of century, a socialist market economy has taken shape and an open economy **e into being amid/thanks to/as a result of China's steadfast/**mitment to reform and opening up. During this timeframe, productivity and overall national strength of China have been on the rise, social programs have progressed across the board, and the people have witnessed/experienced/embraced a historic leapfrog from a decent life to one of moderate prosperity. Over the 25 years between 1978 and 2003, China's economy recorded an average annual growth rate of 9.4%, and its GDP surged to US$1.4 trillion from US$147.3 billion.

The past 25 years also saw China's total foreign trade shoot up from US$20.6 billion to US$851.2 billion and its foreign exchange reserve soar to US$403.3 billion from a mere US$167 million. China today represents the 6th largest economy and the 4th biggest foreign trader in the world. The tremendous changes that have taken place in China can be best explained by the fact that we have unleashed/ unlocked people's enthusiasm, initiative and creativity through

**mitment to reform and opening up and to the building of socialism with distinctive Chinese features.

For all the remarkable gains in development, China remains a country with a large population, weak economic foundation, underdeveloped productivity and rather uneven development among regions/huge inter-regional disparities. China is also struggling with an acute/salient imbalance between ecological wellbeing and natural resources on the one hand and socio-economic development on the other.

China's per capita GDP has exceeded/topped US$1,000, but has yet to rank among top 100 on the world's list. That means China still has a long, hard journey to go before it can achieve full modernization and prosperity for all.

We have established/identified/set our goals/visions for the

first two decades of the new century/before 2020. That is, we must work to build a better-off society for over one billion people in all aspects by quadrupling the GDP by 2020 to US$4 trillion or US$3,000

in per capita terms, and making a visible difference/scale new heights in economic growth, democracy-building, scientific and educational advancement, cultural progress, social harmony and

people's livelihood.

1

2004年11月CATTI三级笔译实务真题(附答案)

2004年11月英语三级笔译实务试题 Section 1 English-Chinese T ranslation (英译汉) (60 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes. A few weeks back, I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school. Referring to stress, she heaved a big sigh and said: "Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened." Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapore's education system, widely regarded as too results-oriented, and! wonder why I even bothered to ask. The school system of reaching for A's underlies the country's culture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves. Such a culture is hard to change. So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled with help from parents themselves. The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five C's: cash, condos, clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future. It is good that the government wants to do something about the country's preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committee's success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence. This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit -- the family. Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life. If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass. In fact, it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give directions to the lost traveler, I will say. And who knows, my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky. That's my point. Parents should teach their children that there's more to life than studies. Better still if the nation's leaders echo that idea as well. This way, when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo, they won't feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe. However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore

翻译三级笔译实务分类真题1_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

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