浙江专升本英语2018真题

浙江省2018年选拔优秀高职高专毕业生进入本科学习统一考试

英语

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分

注意事项：

1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答

题纸规定的位置上。

2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，

用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

Part I Reading Comprehension (60 marks, 60 minutes)

SectionA

Format Ⅰ（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）

Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.

Passage one

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

AU.N.reportsayswaterisindemandaroundtheworldastemperaturesonEarth'ssurfaceriseanddem andgrowsalongwithpopulations.ThereportwasreleasedthisweekattheWorldWaterForuminBrasilia.T heconferencehasbeendescribedastheworld'slargestwater-relatedevent.

FederalDistrictGovernorRodrigoRollembergspokeatapaneldiscussiononTuesdayattheforum.H edescribedwatershortagesasaworldwideproblem.Thepublicwatersupplyhaslesswaterbecauseoflowr ainfallaswellasfastanddisorderlygrowthinBrasilia,whichispartoftheFederalDistrict,Rollembergsaid. InJanuary2016,afterthreeyearsoflittlerain,districtofficialsbeganlimitinghowmuchwaterpeoplecould

use.ThegovernmentsoftheFederalDistrictandthenearbystateofGoiasalsogave$166milliontodevelop waterinfrastructure.

Demandaroundtheworldisexpectedtoincreasebynearlyone-thirdby2050.Bythen,5billionpeople couldbeleftwithpooraccesstowater,theU.N.warnedinits2018WorldWaterDevelopmentReport.Toav oidsuchacrisis,U.N.officialscalledfor"nature-basedsolutions"thatuseorcopynaturalprocessesthatsho uldbeusedtoincreasewateravailability.Theysaidsolutionscouldincludechangingfarmingmethodssofi eldskeepmoremoistureandnutrients,collectingrainwater,andprotectingwetlands.Theofficialsalsopro posedreestablishingfloodplainsandsaidthatplantscouldbegrownonhousetops.Suchproposalswillbec omemoreimportantaswaterindustriesgrow.

1. Who talked about water shortages in Brasilia at a panel discussion?

A. Journalist

B. A U.N. official

C. A Federal District official

D. An official from the state of Goias

2. What is among the reasons for less public water supply in Brasilia?

A. Waste of rainwater

B. Insufficient rainfall

C. Growing plants on the roofs

D. Development in infrastructure

3. What did the Federal District government do to deal with water shortage?

A. They controlled population

B. They limited water consumption

C. They invested in artificial rainmaking

D. They suggested “nature-based solutions”

4. What is Not a “nature-based solution”?

A. Gathering rainwater

B. Preserving wetlands

C. Sustaining water in soil

D. Building house on floodplains

5. What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. Brasilia is facing the problem of water shortages

B. The world has found a solution of water shortages

C. The world is facing the problem of water shortages

D. A report was released at the world water Forum in Brasilia

Passage Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

The Queen has only given one interview while a sovereign. Her true personality remains elusive to the public. However, one thing is clear: Queen Elizabeth is an introvert. Introverts prefer quiet environments and feel energized from spending time alone or with people they know well. They aren’t necessarily shy, but they do tend to be more reserved and guarded with strangers. Fellow introverts will appreciate how draining an average day for Her Majesty must be.

Fortunately, the Queen has some tricks to make public engagements easier. Just like us commoners rely on friends to save us from awkward situations or boring conversations, she subtly signals to her staff when she wants an intervention. If she places her handbag on the table, it indicates that she wants the event to end in the next five minutes. For more urgent situations, putting her bag on the floor shows that she wants her lady-in-waiting to rescue her immediately.

Most comfortable in the countryside, the Queen has a well-known passion for horses and dogs. There is a scene in the hit Netflix show The Crown which reveals a fascinating side of the monarch. While giving Jackie Kennedy a personal tour of Buckingham Palace, the two women find themselves bonding over their respective positions as introverted women who have found themselves in the limelight. Surr ounded by the Queen’s beloved dogs, both women admit they are happiest around animals and that their extroverted sisters would have been much better suited to their public roles.

6. The underlined word “draining” (Paragraph 1) is the closest in meaning to ______.

A. frustrating

B. exhausting

C. demanding

D. aspiring

7. To be rescued immediately in a public engagement, the Queen would ______.

A. end the event within five minutes

B. place her handbag on the table

C. wave to her lady-in-waiting

D. put her bag on the floor

8. In the last paragraph, the underlined expression “the two women find themselves bonding over their respective positions” means that the two ladies ______.

A. admire each other

B. help each other in public

C. grow closer to each other

D. show respect for each other

9. Queen Elizabeth and Jackie Kennedy share the following traits or facts EXCEPT that ______ .

A. both have sisters

B. both love animals

C. both enjoy being in public

D. both are introverted woman

10. The author’sattitude can be described as ______.

A. neutral

B. critical

C. pessimistic

D.subjective

Passage Three

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Back when Disney products were to be watched, not experienced. Walt Disney had a vision: a theme park that felt like stepping into a magical new place. Now, we can finally witness Walt’s first dream. Before construction could start, Walt needed funding. He and his friend Herb Ryman put their heads together and mapped our their dream for the Disneyland. In just one frenzied 1953 weekends, their idea came to life on paper -- and you’ll notice both subtle differences from and remarkable similarities to the modern Anaheim, California, park.

Like today, visitors would have entered the park in to a Main Street USA-type area. The tunnels aren’t as wide as they were imagined more than 60 years ago, but park-goers are still greeted with a train passing overhead as they make their way toward the magic. (Even with a modern Disney map, it’s tough to find there secret Disney park spots you never knew existed.) Walt always hoped for a castle as a focal point of the park, but its real-life copy changed from his initial dream. The first palace was a sprawling fortress, hiding a massive carousel（旋转木马）beyond its walls. Now, Sleeping Beauty Castle has more intricate spires, and King Arthur Carrousel takes its spins in Fantasyland, behind the palace.

Walt’s vision for the Mark Twain steamboat circling around Tom Sawyer Island and its Pirate’s Lair（巢穴）hasn’t changed much, though at that point it was called Frontier Country instead of Frontierland. That wasn’t the only name change, though. World of Tomorrow turned into Tomorrowland -- and eventually lost its rocket. Astronauts walked on the moon 14 years after the park was built, making the Rocket to the Moon seem out-of-date. Meanwhile, True-Life Adventured lost its first word, while most of the areas took on totally different themes.

11.What was Walt Disney’s first dream?

A. To build a theme park

B. To draw a map on paper

C. To travel in a magic place

D. To design a series of products

12.Before construction started, Walt Disney did the following EXCEPT_____

A. getting funding

B. planning the park

C. drawing the park on paper

D. daydreaming with a friend

13.Which of the following park spots has not changed much since Walt’s vision came to life on paper?

A. A Main Street area

B. World of Tomorrow

C. Sleeping Beauty Castle

D. True-life Adventureland

14.How many name changes have been mentioned in this passage?

A. One

B. Two

C.Three

D. Four

15.What is the theme of this passage?

A. A tour in Disneyland

B. Walt Disney’s life story

C. The future of Disneyland

D. Walt Disney’s first dream

Passage four

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

You’ve made it. You managed to navigate your way through the airport; you breezed through security; and you successfully boarded the plane. Now you’re comfortable in your seat in the cabin, and there’s even a little bit of elbow room, as the flight isn’t fully booked for once. With the hassle behind you, you settle in with your neck pillow, pop some Kenny G on your iPod, and get ready to spend quality time sleeping on a plane. And you’re about to make a huge mistake that will put your health at risk, as reported by Travel + Leisure.

It’s not because of Kenny G. It’s the shuteye part. According to Medline Plus, falling asleep during or takeoff could cause serious damage to your ears. It all has to do with the rapid changes in air pressure in the cabin. If you’re awake, a natural response to alleviate pressure on your eardrums during takeoff and landing is to “pop” them, to maintain pressure equilibrium. If you’re sleeping on a plane, you can’t actively work to relax those muscles and release the tension, so you can become susceptible to dizziness, ear infection, eardrum damage, hearing loss and nose bleeds. “A quick change in altitude affects the air pressure in the ear,” says Angel Chalmers, a British pharmacist, via

Express. “This leads to a vacuum in the Eustachian tubes（咽鼓管）which makes the ears feel blocked and sound dull.”

Keep those Eustachian tubes clear and keep those eyes open for at least another few minutes. Open that book you just bought in the terminal. After all, there are some major advantages to buying your reading material at the airport.

16.The underlined sentence “You’ve made it” (Paragraph 1) means that you have managed_____?

A.to board the plane

B. to get a bit of elbow room

C. to get ready to sleep after boarding

D. to make yourself comfortable after boarding

17.What would damage your health when the plane takes off or lands?

A. Using a neck pillow

B. Shutting your eyes

C. Listening to music

D. Fallingasleep

18.The underlined word “alleviate” (paragraph 2) is the closest meaning to_____?

A. increase

B. reduce

C. maintain

D. escape

19.Having a vacuum in the Eustachian tubes during takeoff and landing could cause unpleasant symptoms to the following body parts EXCEPT_____

A. the throat

B. the nose

C. the ears

D. the head

20.The author suggests that you read a book _____ during the plane taking off and landing.

A. to amuse yourself

B. to stay awake

C. to keep your ears clear

D. to make yourself comfortable

FormatⅡ（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）

Directions: In the following passage, some sentences have been removed. Forquestions 21—25, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit into any of the gaps. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet.

Whether it is a hotel stay,shopping or dining out, a vacation to Paris can be a pricey

proposition. But there are plenty of ways to stretch your dollar in the City of Lights and have a high-end getaway.

Barkley Hickcox，a Paris specialist and an owner of Local Foreigner，a travel consultancy,has

a few tips to help travelers make the most of their Parisian getaway.

21._____

The ideal time to visit Paris is between November and April, when hotel prices are at their lowest. Some high-end properties offer even further discounts if you book a stay several months in advance.

22._____

Families traveling to Paris should consider staying in a high-end apartment instead of a hotel. Ms.Hickcox said. “An apartment is less expensive than booking multiple rooms at a five-star hotel, and since you have a kitchen, you can save money on food costs by eating in occasionally,” she said.

23._____

Paris is known for fine cuisine, but rather than dining at one of the city’s renowned restaurants at dinnertime, go for lunch, when the tab will be much lower and the cuisine just as good. “You’ll find lots of great eateries where you can have dinner with wine for 35 to 50 euros a person.” She said

24._____

Mr. Hickcox’s favorite way to explore Paris is on foot. “You can fully appreciate the city’s beauty by walking , and it’s designed for wal kers because there are walking paths and sidewalks everywhere. ’’ she said.

For longer distances, she suggested using the city’s bike share system, Velib. A weeklong pass costs 15 euros, and there are stations everywhere. There is another choice if you are not so much fond of biking.25. _____,Paris’ subway system. It’s convenient, and you can buy daily and weekly passes.

A.Dine out

B.Eat smart

C.Try the Metro

D.Stay in a hotel

E.Ditch taxis and cars

F.Travel at the right time

G.Choose the right accommodations

Section B （共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Youmay not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Please blacken thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet.

I know this woman who was afraid to tell people what she wanted. She didn’t know __26__ to say no. Instead, she got herself tangled in a web of obligation, anxiety. and white lies. She was__27__.

__28__ recently. I decided I’d had enough. As an experiment,1 began__29__ up for myself,even at the risk of alienating (疏远) everyone and having__30__ entire life come down around me.

That didn’t happen.

Here is what I did: I stopped making pretty excuses.

Saying"no" is so much easier. If someone asks me to do something I have zero interest__31__, I’m polite but honest. The phrase," lm sorry,I didn’t think that is really__32__ me,” slips out of my mouth faster than some lame excuse.

My friends and family didn’t mind.__33__ I stopped people-pleasing, no one cared. A goodfriend asked me to go for coffee at 5 P.M. I was __34__ tohit the gym. Isaid, "Sorry, I’ve got thingsI want to do tonight." She said. That’s fine. Maybe another time.

Learning how tosay no has added several extra hours to my days, days __35__ my weeks,and what feels like months to my years, saying “No” has set me free.

Part II IntegratedTesting (共30分)

Section A Cloze (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)

Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, CandD. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on The Answer Sheet.(20 marks)

BrazilianZarelaMosqueramovedtotheUnited States as a teenager.

The adjustment toa newplacewas _36_. Mosquerasaysshe becameabrattyteenager,asaresult.Butitwas not just the

_37_thataffectedherbehavior.Mosquerasaystherewasanothermajorstressinherlifeatthattime:Shewas theonlymemberofher_38_ who spoke English.

“Being in a country with my family that doesn't speak Spanish and my parents don't reallyspeak_39_ ,myparentsweretrying togivemeall these responsibilities.”AlongwithSpanishandEngish,MosqueraalsospeaksPortuguese.Buttherewasanothe r universal language she learnedto love as a child: art.

Zarela Mosquera connected with drawing and painting while in school. _40_she mostly dismis sed art as a path to a career. She says her Dad_41_always say, Thinkaboutthe_42_”Mosquerad id not think hewould support the study of_43_ once she went to the college.

But, to her _44_it washer parents who suggested just that.Theyurgedher to_45_to technical and liberal arts schools.”One of themwasRhode IslandSchool ofDesign, which was likemy_46_choice.”RISD, as itis called, _47_ Mosqueraas well. Sheenrolledinindustrialdeign.

“I t’s basically to design_48_and services. I couldbedoingsomethingmoretechnicalor somethingmore_ 49_toproblemsolving.Whetherit’s_50_outabetterwayto filter water ordeveloping a type of specific shelter_ 51_refugees for example.

Mosquera says the course of study was_ 52_ including metal working, woodworkingand modelmaking.Shesaysinoneclassshejustdrewcubesforanentiremonth,whichledhertoa _53_: “Wow!DoIreallywanttodothis?”But,shesays,she _54_

the cube study. And, then shebegan_ 55 _on more interesting projects.

Monquera is now a deign strategist for Marshall Moya Design, an architecture andinteriordes ign company in Washington, D.C.

36. A. successful B. important C. necessary D. difficult

37. A.age B. growth C. adjustment D. education

38. A. family B. peers C. friends D. class

39. A. Spanish B. English C. Portuguese D. French

40. A.So B.Moreover C. And D. But

41. A. could B. should C. would D. might

42. A. time B. past C. present D. future

43. A. language B. art C. technology D. design

44. A. disappointment B. surprise C. annoyance D.dissatisfaction

45. A. apply B. cater C. adapt D. move

46. A. top B. moral C. natural D. popular

47.A. failed B. rejected C. chose D. urged

48.A. machines B. shelters C. filters D. products

49.A. adjusted B. related C. affiliated D. exposed

50.A. figuring B. wiping C. filling D. ruling

51. A. with B. for C. on D. in

52. A. pleasant B. tough C. tough D. smooth

53. A. question B. problem C. problem D. door

54. A. undertook B. funded C. started D. survived

55. A. putting B. relying C.working D. counting

非选择题部分

注意事项：

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

Section B Short Answer Questions （共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）

Directions: In this part there is a short passage followed by five questions. Read thepassage carefully.Then answer the questions with nomore than 10 words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet.

Researchers in Japan and Australia say they have made progress in developing a blood test that could one day help doctors identify who might get Alzheimer's disease. The scientists said the test can recognize a protein known as amyloid (淀粉样蛋白) beta, which other studies have linked to Alzheimer' s. They said it was correct more than 90 percent of the time in a study involving over 370 people. The findings were published in the journal Nature.

Alzheimer' s disease is the most common form of dementia (痴呆). Experts believe dementia affects close to 50 million people worldwide. By the year 2050, it is expected to affect more than131 million people. Those numbers come from Alzheimer’s Disease International, a non -profitgroup. Currently, doctors have two ways to identify a buildup of amyloid beta in the brain. One is a brain scan or brain imaging; the other is a spinal tap(脊椎抽液) But both tests are invasive, costly and may only show results when the disease has already started to progress. There is no treatment that can slow the progression of Alzheimer’s. Current drugs can only ease some of the effects of the disease.

Having a simple, low-cost blood test could make it easier for drug companies to find enough people who are at risk of developing Alzheimer’s to test new medicines, said Katsuhiko Yanagisawa. He was one of the leaders of the study. He works at the Japanese National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology.

Alzheimer’s disease is thought to start developing years before patients have any signs of memory loss. Experts say an important factor in finding an effective treatment will be the ability to recognize signs of the disease early. “You have got to walk before you run,” said Colin Masters, a co-leader of the study and a professor at the University of Melbourne in Australia. “You have to learn to diagnose the disease directly before you can hope to see the effect of therapeutic intervention. And that’s where the real value in this test will come ,” Masters added.

56. This passage reports the development of a _____________test to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease.

57. One advantage of the present test is that it costs_______________ than the previous tests.

58. All the three tests identify Alzheimer’s disease by detecting a protein named_____________.

59. Can doctors cure or slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease today?

______________________________________________________________________________.

60.Alzheimer’sdisease mayhave already startedbeforepatientshave anysignofmemory_____________________.

Part Ⅲ Translation （共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）

Section A From Chinese to English

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given inthe brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet. (15 marks)

61. __________________（起源于汉朝）, Shadow-play（皮影戏）became popular among ordinary people in Tang Dynasty.

62. Trade between West and East moved through Central Asia along the famed Silk Road, bringing _________________________________（发展与繁荣）.

63.The Grand Canal flows southward ________________________________（纵贯四省）of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

64. BYD is now famous for its “plug-in” electric hybrid cars, which, _______________________ （如其名称所示）, can be recharged bu plugging them into electricity sockets.

65. If you are to study for ______________________________（学士学位）,you have to take standardized examination on a couple of subjects.

Section B English-Chinese Translation (共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）

Directions: Translate into Chinese the underlined sentences in the following passage. Write your translation on Answer Sheet. (15 marks)

When Asked how far engineers had come towards creating artificial intelligence (AI), Stephen W. Hawking replied: 66 )“Once humans develop artificial intelligence, it would take off on its own .It will redesign itself at an ever increasing rate. Humans, who are limited by slow biological evolution, couldn’t compete with them. We would be replaced "

In my view, the late Cambridge professor is wrong because there are strong grounds for believing that computers will never copy all human cognitive abilities. 67 )AI has historically failed to copy human mentality, and it will continue to fail. Three fundamental problems explain why.

First, computers lack true understanding. A US philosopher John Searle proposes how a computer program can appear to understand Chinese stories by responding to questions, but fail to truly understand anything of the interaction.

Second, computers lack consciousness. Some researchers hold 68 ) if a robot experience a conscious sensation as it interacts with the world, consciousness will exist in everything everywhere: in the cup of tea I am drinking, in the seat that I am sitting on. But does everything in this world have souls or minds? If we reject this idea, we must reject machine consciousness .

Lastly ,computer lack mathematical insight . Can the human mind be completely realized by mere computations?

In my role as an AI expert on the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, I am particularly concerned by the potential development of the robotic weapon system. 69 ) These systems can engage themselves in military action without human instruction. This is because current AI is not similar to human intelligence. When fighting against each other, poorly designed autonomous systems have the potential to make the situations worse rapidly. Such systems can exhibit true artificial stupidity.

It is possible to agree that 70) AI may pose an existential threat to humanity, but it will never become more intelligent than us.

66. Once humans develop artificial intelligence , it would take off on its own.

______________________________________________________________________________.

67. AI has historically failed to copy human mentality ,and it will continue to fail.

______________________________________________________________________________.

68. if a robot experience a conscious sensation as it interacts with the world, consciousness will exist in everything everywhere.

______________________________________________________________________________.

69.These systems can engage themselves in military action without human instruction.

______________________________________________________________________________.

70.AI may pose an existential threat to humanity, but it will never become more intelligent thanUs.

______________________________________________________________________________.

Part IV Writing (30 marks, 30 minutes)

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on thetopic of Population Transformation in China. You should write about 120 words following the Chinese outline given below, taking the information available in the following table as evidence. Please write your composition on The Answer Sheet.

Population Transformation in China

（1）简述表格内容，概括中国人口变化趋势。

（2）简要说明中国人口变化可能带来的社会影响，如居民养老，代际关系，劳动力人口下降等。

（3）提出相应的建议和措施。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

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