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英语

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分

注意事项：

1.答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在

答题纸规定的位置上。

2.每小题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

Part I Reading Comprehension (60 marks, 60 minutes)

Section A

Format Ⅰ（共20 小题，每小题2 分，共40 分）

Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.

Passage one

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

A U.N. report says water is in demand around the world as temperatures on Earth's surface rise and demand grows along with populations. The report was released this week at the World Water Forum in Brasilia. The conference has been described as the world's largest water-related event.

Federal District Governor Rodrigo Rollemberg spoke at a panel discussion on Tuesday at the forum. He described water shortages as a worldwide problem. The public water supply has less water because of low rainfall as well as fast and disorderly growth in Brasilia, which is part of the Federal District, Rollemberg said. In January 2016, after three years of little rain, district officials began limiting how much water people could use. The governments of the Federal District and the nearby state of Goias also gave $166 million to develop water infrastructure.

Demand around the world is expected to increase by nearly one-third by 2050. By then, 5 billion people could be left with poor access to water, the U. N. warned in its 2018 World Water Development Report. To avoid such a crisis, U. N. officials called for "nature-based solutions" that

use or copy natural processes that should be used to increase water availability. They said solutions could include changing farming methods so fields keep more moisture and nutrients, collecting rainwater, and protecting wetlands. The officials also proposed reestablishing floodplains and said that plants could be grown on housetops. Such proposals will become more important as water industries grow.

1. Who talked about water shortages in Brasilia at a panel discussion?

A. Journalist

B. A U.N. official

C. A Federal District official

D. An official from the state of Goias

2. What is among the reasons for less public water supply in Brasilia?

A. Waste of rainwater

B. Insufficient rainfall

C. Growing plants on the roofs

D. Development in infrastructure

3. What did the Federal District government do to deal with water shortage?

A. They controlled population

B. They limited water consumption

C. They invested in artificial rainmaking

D. They suggested “nature-based solutions”

4. What is Not a “nature-based solution”?

A. Gathering rainwater

B. Preserving wetlands

C. Sustaining water in soil

D. Building house on floodplains

5. What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. Brasilia is facing the problem of water shortages

B. The world has found a solution of water shortages

C. The world is facing the problem of water shortages

D. A report was released at the world water Forum in Brasilia

Passage Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

The Queen has only given one interview while a sovereign. Her true personality remains elusive to the public. However, one thing is clear: Queen Elizabeth is an introvert. Introverts prefer quiet environments and feel energized from spending time alone or with people they know well.

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