宾语从句专项复习

宾语从句专项复习

复习内容：宾语从句考点归纳

复习目标： 1．掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词

2．掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语

3．掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。

重点：语序和时态呼应

难点：语序和时态呼应；与疑问词+不定式的转化；与状语从句的辨析

考点梳理：

一、宾语从句的连接词

1．连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。

eg. He knew （that） he should work hard.

2．连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

He asked me whether or not I was coming.

一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：

①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided.

②在介词前：It depends on（依靠） whether it is going to rain.

③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.

3．连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。

eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

I wonder where he got so much money.

【注意】1．由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg. I don't know how I should do with the presents.

==> I don't know how to do with the presents.

2．要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.

二、宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Can you tell me who（m） do we have to see?（╳）

Can you tell me who（m） we have to see?（√）

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.（思考: what在从句中的成分）

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”→ She said she would leave a message on the desk.

一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。

Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him. → I asked him where the tickets are.

三、宾语从句的时态呼应

宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。

eg. I thought （that） you are free today. （╳）

I thought （that） you would be free today. （√）

【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。

eg. The teacher told us （that） the earth moves around the sun.

四．其他需要说明的问题

1．标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。

eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?

2．要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。

▲五．宾语从句和状语从句的区分

eg. 1） I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.2） I don't know if the train has arrived.

句1）中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好，我就出去。句2）中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词don't know的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。

判断方法：

1．可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。

2．从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……的时候”。

3．从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。

【课外巩固】

1．《中考捷径》第21讲，课内练习选择题，3，4，5，6，7，11，12，第41讲例题、课内练习，

课外练习三。

2．《复习导引》26页第3大题，27页第4大题，28页第5大题1，2，3，4，5

同步检测

一、用合适的连接词填空

1. Wang Hai told me _____ he didn't go cycling yesterday afternoon.（how, why）

2. Can you tell me ______ else is going to be on duty today?（who, whom）

3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）

4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）

5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）

6. They don't know _______ we are going hiking.

7. She wanted to know _______ her coat would be ready the next day.

8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw.

9. I don't know ______ so many people crowding round him

10. Do you know ______ shirt it is?

二、句型转换

1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.（改为宾语从句）→

Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.

2. What does he do? Do you know? （改为宾语从句）→Do you know _______ he _______?

3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. （改为宾语从句）→

He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.

4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. （改为宾语从句）→

I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.

5. “Do you want to try something new?” Tom's mother asked him. （同义句）→

Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ _______ to try something new.

6. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句）→

I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.

7. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句）→

Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.

8. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句）→

I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.

三、选择题

1. I don't know _____ he will be back home.

A. who

B. what

C. when

D. where

2. Could you tell me ___________?

A. where do you live

B. who you are waiting for

C. who were you waiting for

D. where you live in

3. Do you still remember _______?

A. that he said

B. what he said

C. did he say that

D. what did he say

4. I can't understand ______the boy alone.

A. why she left

B. why did she leave

C. why she had left

D. why had she left

5. She told me the sun ______ in the east.

A. rise

B. rose

C. rises

D. had risen

6. They tried to find out ______ the new train ________.

A. how far/ had gone

B. how long/ has gone

C. how far/ went

D. how far had/ run

7. The manager came up to see __________.

A. what was the matter

B. what the matter was

C. what the matter is

D. what's the matter

8. Can you tell me ___________?

A. where are you doing

B. where do you study

C. where you were doing

D. where yu study

9. I can't understand _______ the boy alone.

A. why she let

B. why did she leave

C. why had she left

D. why she had left

10. He asked his father _______.

A. where it happens

B. where did it happen

C. how it happened

D. how did it happen

11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.

A. how we should do

B. what should we do

C. how to do it

D. what to do it

12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.

A. how check

B. to check

C. how to check

D. to how checking

13. _______ he'll come or not isn't important.

A. Why

B. If

C. Whether

D. What

14. Would you like to know _______they will do it or not.

A. if

B. that

C. whether

D. why

15. ─Where do you think _____ he ____ the TV set? ─ Sorry, I've no idea.

A./, bought

B. has, bought

C. did, buy

D. did bought

16. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.

A. how, another

B. what, more

C. how , other

D. what, another

17. ─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes. He ____ to the USA.

A. where is he/ has been

B. where he is/ has gone

C. where was he/ has been

D. where he was/ has gone

18. ─Mike want s to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.

─Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.

A. you have/ will rain

B. you will have/ will rain

C. you will have/ rains

D. will you have/ rains

19. I don't know if he ______tomorrow. If he ________, I'll meet him.

A. will come/ comes

B. comes/ comes

C. will come/ will come

D. comes/ will

come

20. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.

A. finds/ arrives

B. finds/ will arrive

C. will find/ will arrive

D. will find/ arrives

【中考英语一轮复习语法一点通】语法专题十三 宾语从句(教师版)

语法专题十三、复合句之宾语从句（必考） 宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语，可以做谓语动词的宾语，也可以做介词的宾语。1.宾语从句的时态 主句是现在时，从句的时态根据实际需要，该用什么时态用什么时态He says he won’t be late again.他说他再也不会迟到。 主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态He said he would come on time tomorrow.他说 他明天会按时到。 如果宾语从句是客观事实或真理、定理、法则等，即使主句用过去时，从句也用一般现在时。Our teacher told us that the moon goes around the earth. 我们老师告诉我们月亮围绕地球转。 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语动词在后。 【典例】Mr. Jackson hasn’t decided ________ this weekend. A. where he will have a picnic B. where will he have a picnic. C. where he had a picnic D. where did he have a picnic 3.宾语从句的引导词 （1）宾语从句是陈述句时用that，that可省略。 I hear (that) he will be back in a month.我听说他一个月以后回来。 （2）当从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether引导，(只能用whether 不能用if的情况见下面)，句末标点取决于主句。 I don’t know if/ whether he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。 Do you know if he will come tomorrow? 你知道明天他是否会来吗？ （3）当从句是特殊疑问句时用who, whose, whom, which, what, when, where, how, why, how often, how long, how soon等特殊疑问词。句末标点取决于主句。 I didn’t know who could help me.我不知道谁能帮助我。 Can you tell me where I can buy some stamps? 你能告诉我从哪儿买邮票吗？ 注意：只能用whether 不能用if的情况 ①在动词不定式前只能用whether。例如：I can’t decide whether to stay. ②后有or not时只能用whether。例如：I want to know whether it’s true or not. ②在介词后，只能用whether。 例如：His father is worried about whether he will lose his work. ②宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。 考点精讲

中考英语专项复习专题【宾语从句】(附例题以及答案)

中考英语专项复习专题【宾语从句】（附例题以及答案） 本章节内容： 1. 宾语从句概述（时态，语序，引导词） 2.宾语从句的注意点 3.宾语从句解题技巧 宾语从句为中考的必考点，主要在单项选择题中考查，侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。一般至少会涉及两个考查点。 ①引导词相同，语序和时态不同； ②时态一致，语序和引导词不同。而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wonder，Would/Could you please tell me.，Can you tell me，Do you know，I don’t know等等。 考生在做此类试题时，首先从语序着手，宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序， 即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他；再从时态考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语来判断时态；最后，再根据答语来判断疑问词。 1宾语从句概述

2注意点 (1)否定转移 当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I don’t think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 (2)宾语从句的简化 ①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。 I hope that I can receive your e-mail.=I hope to receive your e-mail.我希望能收到你的电子邮件。 ②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 She doesn’t know what she should do next.=She doesn’t know what to do next.她不知道下一步该做什么。 ③当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Will you please show me how I can work it out?=Will you please show me how to work it out?请你告诉我怎样把它解出来好吗? ④宾语从句可以简化为名词或名词短语。 I don’t believe what Tom said.=I don’t believe Tom’s words.我不相信汤姆的话。

2023年牛津上海版中考英语复习宾语从句+讲义

教师姓名学生姓名年级初三上课时间 学科英语课题名称宾语从句专题 宾语从句专题 第1页

Ⅰ.定义 1.宾语从句，顾名思义，是一个用作宾语的句子。例如： I don’t know if / whether my father will come back tomorrow. （我不知道明天我爸爸是否会回来。）Tom can’t decide which sweater he should buy. （汤姆不能决定应该买哪一件羊毛衫。） We all know（that）the sun rises in the east. （我们都知道太阳在东方升起。） Ⅱ.语序 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序 主语十谓语+宾语从句(从句由“连接词+陈述句”构成 Ⅲ. 连接词 1.that引导宾语从句只起连接作用，其本身没有意义，在口语中常可省略： 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“ that+陈述句”) I think（that）you should be more careful．我觉得你应多加小心。 I’m afraid（that）he won’t come on time．我恐怕他不会准时到。 2.whether/if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”： 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“whether+陈述句”) I wonder whether/ if he will come. 我想知道他是否会来。 第2页

【注意】只用whether不用if的情况 ①引导介词后的宾语从句时 It depends on whether it will snow tomorrow. ②与or not连用时 I ask your secretary whether she could come or not. ③与不定式连接 I really don't know whether to accept or refuse. 3.疑问代词和疑问副词引导宾语从句 疑问代词who，which，what，whose，whom以及疑问副词when，where，how，why均引导宾语从句，但一定要注意用陈述句语序。 (1) who/whom: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“who／whom+陈述句”) Do you know who/ whom they are? 你知道他们是谁吗？ (2) who: 主语+谓语十宾语从句(“who+陈述句”) I know who is crying over there．我知道谁在那里哭。 (3) which: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“which+陈述句”) Please tell me which bus I should take．请告诉我该做哪一辆公交车。 (4) what: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“what+陈述句”) I don’t know what I should do. 我不知道该做什么。 (5) when: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“when+陈述句”) Do you know when he will go? 你知道他什么时候走？ (6) where: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“where+陈述句”) 第3页

02 宾语从句-中考英语总复习 重点语法精讲精练(全国通用)

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