牛津上海版高中英语必修一Unit1 知识点汇总及练习

牛津上海版高中英语必修一Unit1 知识点汇总及练习

词汇讲解：

1．glance V．瞥一眼；匆匆看一眼glance at

She glanced at the watch and hurried to the office．她匆匆看了一下手表就匆忙地赶去办公室。【拓展】：n．一瞥；扫视

at a glance一眼就…

He saw at a glance that she had been crying．他一眼就看出来她哭过了。

2．senior adj．年长的；级别高的

be senior to比…年长(级别或地位高)

She is three years senior to me．她比我大三岁。

【拓展】：n．较年长者；<美>(中学)最高年级的学生

3．prefer V．宁可；更喜欢

prefer A to B喜欢A胜过喜欢B

prefer tea to coffee．比起喝咖啡，我更喜欢喝茶。

prefer doing A to doing B比起做B来更喜欢做A

I prefer playing basketball to watching TV．比起看电视，我更喜欢打篮球。

prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿……而不…

He prefers to rent a car rather than buy one．他宁愿租一辆车也不愿意买一辆。

4．communicate V．交流；沟通

communicate with与……交流

communicate to传达；传递

Anyone that knows anything about the crime is required to communicate with the police．任何知情人都被要求和警方联系。

The stove communicates heat to every corner in the room．炉子将热量传递到房间里的每一个角落。

【拓展】：

①communication n. 传达；传递

Sometimes proper body language is an effective means of communication.

有时候，适当的肢体语言是一种有效的交流方式。

②communications n. 通讯

They are planning to establish wireless communications with us.

他们正计划与我们建立无线通讯。

5. impression n. 印象

give/make/leave a ... impression on somebody 给某人留下…的印象

The modern city left a good impression on the tourists.

这座现代化的城市给游客们留下了美好的印象。

【拓展】：

impress v. 给…极深的印象

impress somebody with something 用…给某人留下深刻的印象

impress something on somebody 使意识到（重要性或严重性）

impress on somebody something 使某人牢记…

The girl impressed me with her kindness. 这个女孩的和善给我留下了深刻的印象。

The English teacher impressed on the students the importance of practising speaking English every day. 老师使学生们牢记每天操练英语口语的重要性。

impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的；令人难忘的

The royal wedding was very impressive. 这次皇家婚礼给人们留下了深刻的印象。

6.remind v. 提醒；使…想起

remind somebody of something 使…想起

The children playing in the park reminded the old man of his happy childhood.

公园里嬉戏的孩子让老人们想起来自己欢乐的童年。

【拓展】：

remind somebody to do something 提醒某人做某事

remind somebody that …提醒某人…

• Please remind me to take medicine tomorrow morning. 明早请提醒我吃药。

• The sight of the clock reminded me that I had been late for the meeting. 一看到钟，我就意识到开会迟到了。

More Reading

1、contact n. 接触，联系

【常见搭配】

Keep in contact with 与。。。保持联系

make contact with与……取得联系

lose contact with与……失去联系

·My father still kept in contact with some of his classmates from university。父亲和他大学里的一些同学仍然保持着联系。

·She Succeeded in making contact with her uncle．n France after twenty years。二十年后，她成功地和在法国的舅舅取得了联系。

·Because of the war，the old woman lost contact with her family．由于战争，这位老妇人和她的家人失去了联系。

【拓展】

①V．接触；联系；联络

·He promised to contact me later．他答应以后会和我联系。

②contact lenses隐形眼镜

2、maintain V．保持；维持

·The politician behaves very carefully to maintain his good reputation．这位政客行为举止非常小心，就是为了维护自己的好名声。

【拓展】

①V．维修；保养

·The highways are maintained very well．这些高速公路维护保养得非常好。

②maintenance n．维持；维护；保养；生活费

·The second-hand car is still in good maintenance．这辆二手车依然保养得很好。

3、consider V．认为；把……看作

【常用搭配】

consider．．．(as／to be)…认为…是……；把…看作是……

·You are considered as my best friend．我把你看作是我最好的朋友。

·People consider Paris(to be)the heart of France．人们把巴黎看作是法国的心脏。

【拓展】

①V．考虑

【必背】

consider doing something考虑做某事

·She is considering going abroad for further study．她正在考虑出国进修。

②consideration n．考虑

take…into consideration考虑到……

·To solve this problem，we must take all these factors into consideration．为了解决这个问题，我们必须考虑到所有因素。

③considerate adj．替别人着想的；体贴的

④considerable adj．相当大的；相当多的

4、1ack of缺少

·The flowers died for lack of water．由于缺水，这些花都枯死了。

【拓展】lack

①v．缺乏；不足；没有

【常用搭配】

lack in缺乏(某种品质、特点)

·She was lacking in courage．她缺乏勇气。

②n．缺乏；不足；没有

·It is said that a lack of sleep can lead to brainpower failure．据说，缺乏睡眠可能导致脑力衰退。

5、concentration n．专心；专注

·Martin listened to the．teacher with concentration．马丁聚精会神地听老师讲解。

【拓展】

concentrate v．集中

【常用搭配】

concentrate on／upon集中；全神贯注

·She concentrated on preparing for the exam．她集中精力复习迎考。

练习：

A．Choose the right answer.

1. Newspapers are delivered _______lorry, plane or rail.

A. on

B. in

C. at

D. by

2. The plane _______by the time you get to the airport in your car.

A. will land

B. will have landed

C. had landed

D. landed

3. Failing in the contest, he seemed _______all desire to write.

A. losing

B. having lost

C. to losing

D. to have lost

4. I prefer _______at home rather than _______a trip during the National Day holiday.

A. stay; take

B. to stay; to take

C. to stay; take

D. stay; to take

5. People who won't work should be made________.

A. work

B. to work

C. working

D. to be working

6. The doctor looked_______, but he still looked _______at the patient's injured hand.

A. tired; careful

B. tiredly; carefully

C. tired; carefully

D. tiredly; careful

7. There is a notice on the door. _______, ‘ No students under 18 are allowed in. ’

A. It says

B. It said

C. It is said

D. It was said

8. If you tell your father what you've done, he will be _______a little angry.

A. more than

B. fewer than

C. rather than

D. other than

9. One very cold night, a young man knocked at my door and explained that he_______ out of petrol about 30 km up the road.

Ai run B. had run C. would run D. was running 10．On the front wall _______two large famous paintings, which you can't miss.

A. hanged

B. hang

C. hung

D. hanging

11. The Browns have arrived, but I didn't know they _______until yesterday.

A. had come

B. were coming

C. came

D. will come

12. What he mentioned in the letter _______me _______the happy days I spent there.

A. remembered ... of

B. remembered ... for

C. reminded ... of

D. reminded ... for

13. We must decide _______at once.

A. what to do with her

B. how to do with her

C. to do what with her

D. doing what with her

14. Mr Gao _______some Russian and Japanese when he was young, but he _______ all except a few simple words.

A. had learned; has forgot

B. learned; had forgotten

C. learned; has forgotten

D. learned; forgets

15. __________the letter, tears came into her eyes.

A. After reading

B. Reading

C. Having read

D. While she was reading

16. The poet and writer ＿＿＿not agree to publish his book.

A. do

B. does

C. have

D. had

17. Susan is a very thoughtful girl and thinks about things ________ .

A. anxiously

B. rudely

C. considerately

D. curiously

18. If you have been in _______with live birds or poultry, immediately wash your hands thoroughly with liquid soap and water.

A. contact

B. contract

C. context

D. content

19. Construction of new plants has been ________ .

A. held up

B. held on

C. held out

D. held by

A. look at

B. look through

C. look out

D. look up

Keys: 1—5 DBDCB, 6—10 CAABB 11—15 BCACD 16—20 BCAAD

B.Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form

where necessary.

1. __________, the story seems comical.

2. This is what _________executives are trained to do.

3. British people do not readily ask each other to do anything that would involve real in-convenience. They prefer to wait for such service lo be offered _________ask for it.

4. Her progress in English left a deep_________ on the teacher.

5. The speaker was successful in__________ his ideas to the listeners.

6. I need not __________you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.

7. He has ________his pen-friend in the UK for two years.

8. The miners went on a strike against the __________food..

9. The successful solution of the problem required patience and__________ .

10. Before we come to a decision, we must make sure we _________________ all the relevant facts___________ .

Keys: 1. At first glance 2. senior 3. rather than 4. impression 5. Communicating 6. remind 7. lost contact with 8. lack of 9. concentration 10. have

taken ... into consideration

C．Translation.

1、发生什么事了？这怎么可能呢？

2、交流不仅仅是说和听.

3、这种方法似乎起作用了。

4、你注视别人的方式没有给他们留下好的印象。

5、这就是为什么他们去向她，而不是向你寻求帮助。

6、在很多情况下，你说话的方式比你说话的内容重要得多。

7、目光接触有时候是交流的关键

8、在西方文化中，在交谈时保持目光接触式必要的。

9、事实上，西方人可能把不进行目光接触认为是不感兴趣。

10. 避免眼神交流可能被对方认为是不礼貌的，但是盯着别人看也会被认为是粗鲁的，所以应该避免。

Keys:

1、What’s up ? How can that be ?

2、Communicating is more than speaking and listening.

3、This seemed to work.

4、The way you look at people doesn’t give them a good impression.

5、That’s why they go to her for assistance, and not to you.

6、In many situations, the way you say something is far more important than what you say.

7、Eye contact is sometimes the key to communication.

8、In Western cultures, maintaining eye contact in conversation is necessary.

9、As a matter of fact, a westerner might consider a lack of eye contact as a lack of interest.

10、Avoiding eye contact might be considered impolite, but staring at others is also considered

rude and should be avoided.

D.Reading Comprehension

A

Ever since human beings have lived on earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to turn to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally, spelling, however. cannot.

Body language conveys ideas or thoughts by certain action, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink (眨眼) can be a way of indicating that the party is only joking. A nod means approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.

Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille, signal flags. Morse Code (莫尔斯电码),and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people.

While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.

Making eye contact looking directly into someone's eyes is —in some countries a way to show interest. In other countries, however, eye contact is rude or disrespectful. The gesture for OK. making a circle with one's thumb and index finger, has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero. The "crazy" gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means "you have a phone call" in Brazil.

Perhaps the best example of universally understood body language is the smile. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. It can be used to express almost any emotion. We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, to ask for help or to start a conversation. We can smile at ourselves in the mirror to make ourselves feel happier and stronger. And if we feel down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.

50. Which of the following statements best summarizes this passage?

A. When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication.

B. Everybody uses only one form of communication.

C. Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners.

D. Although other forms, apart from language, of communication exist, they are of little value.

51. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A. There are many forms of communication in existence today.

B. Language is the most common form of communication.

C. Tourists are incapable of using an oral form of communication.

D. Ideas and thoughts can be conveyed by body language.

52. Which form except oral speech could be most commonly used among blind people?

A. Picture signs and signal flags.

B. Braille.

C. Body language and eye contact.

D. Sign language.

53. Sign language is said to be very vivid and exact and can be used internationally except for________.

A. spelling

B. ideas

C. whole words

D. expressions

B

Up All Night

— by Rosie Todina

When you can't sleep, the answer may be as simple as some warm milk.

Dear Rosie,

I have had trouble falling asleep at night lately. It's starting to affect my work and my social life

because I am often very tired during the day.

What can I do?

Gia P.

TURIN, ITALY

Dear Gia,

Try these things to help you sleep well at night:

1. Don't get into bed unless you're tired. Read or watch TV until you feel drowsy (打瞌睡的).

2. Don't play bills or do work on your bed. You will begin to associate the bed with activities.

3. Don't drink caffeinated coffee, tea or soft drinks four hours before your regular bed time.

4. Have a hot bath or shower to help you relax.

5. Drink a cup of herbal tea or warm milk. Warm drinks can make you sleepy.

6. Play soft music. This will take your mind off the day's activities. It also screens out street sounds which can distract.

7. Encourage your body to relax. When in bed. begin to breathe deeply and slowly. Concentrate

only on your breathing.

You will be asleep in no time. If these tips don't help, consult your doctor.

Do you need some advice? Send your questions to: New English Digest www. learning-bug. com

c/o ASK ROSIE

54. What is the main problem with Gia?

A. She can't sleep well and feels tired at night.

B. Lacking sleep affects her work and daily life.

C. She has trouble with social life and can't sleep well.

D. She goes to bed so late that she can't fall asleep.

55. According to Rosie. what should Gia NOT do after supper?

A. Watching TV as late as possible.

B. Going on working even if she feels sleepy.

C. Listening to music.

D. Drinking soft drinks or coffee.

56. Which of the following is probably the column where we may read this in a magazine?

A. NEW ENGLISH DIGEST.

B. GIA'S PROBLEM.

C. LETTERS FROM ITALY.

D. ASK ROSI

E.

C

In Japan two more children have killed themselves after being bullied at school. Five children have taken their own lives since August. A head teacher has also been found hanged in a forest after he was criticized for his response to a bullying incident in his school.

Both of the children who killed themselves this weekend had been bullied. A twelve-year-old girl jumped to her death from a high building after her classmates teased her for being short. A fourteen-year-old boy hanged himself after his classmates tried to extort money from It's not new of course. Japan's schools have long had a problem with bullying. After the suicides of five young children in less than four months, there's more attention being paid to the problem, but no one can agree what to do about it.

More attention, of course, can create its own difficulties. The head teacher killed himself after

giving a news conference in which he was criticized for his handling of the incident.

Suicide in Japan is not just seen as an easy way out. Traditionally, it was regarded as a responsible way to deal with a problem when faced with no other choice. But last week, several schoolchildren wrote to the Education Minister threatening to kill themselves because no one would help them. He responded by urging students not to write to him, instead of finding people to whom the children could talk about their difficulties.

It's awkward. Some fear publicizing such cases increases the likelihood others will try to copy them. Others, though, say the failures in the system need to be exposed

57. How did the head teacher react to the criticism?

A. He dealt with it calmly.

B. He killed himself.

C. He escaped to the forest.

D. He wrote to the Education Minister.

58. What does the underlined phrase "extort money" in the second paragraph mean?

A. To take money by force.

B. To get money in a clever way.

C. To borrow money.

D. To steal money.

59. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to this passage?

A. Since August 6 people died including a teacher as a result of bullying problems.

B. Several school children wrote to the Education Minister asking for help.

C. The Education Minister talked with the troubled children about their difficulties.

D. Bullying has long been a problem in Japan's schools.

60. What is the public opinion of the increased attention paid to the bullying problem?

A. Negative.

B. Mixed.

C. Positive.

D. Not serious.

D

Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don't care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn't seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself.

Grown-ups can hardly find children's games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.

It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.

61. What is true about children when they play games?

A. They can stop playing any time they like.

B. They can test their personal abilities.

C. They want to pick up a better team.

D. They don't need rules.

62. To become a leader in a game, the child has to ___________.

A. play well

B. wait for his turn

C. be confident in himself

D. be popular among his playmates

63. What do we know about grown-ups?

A. They are not interested in games.

B. They find children's games too easy.

C. They don't need a reason to play games.

D. They don't understand children's games.

64. Why does a child like playing games?

A. Because he can be someone other than himself.

B. Because he can become popular among friends.

C. Because he finds he is always lucky in games.

D. Because he likes the place where he plays a game.

E.Translation

1. 我宁可步行上学也不愿意乘这么拥挤的公共汽车。(prefer)

2. 从某种意义上说，我们的行为反映了我们的生活方式。(the way)

3. 他的行为给老师留下了很坏的印象。(impression)

4. 这张旧照片使我想起了在英国的那段日子。(remind... of)

5. 我想找个有更多机会与人打交道的工作。(communicate with)

6.约翰比史密斯年长几岁。(senior to)

7.我们必须致力于改进教育工作。(concentrate on)

8.中国在维护世界和平中起着重要的作用。(maintain)

Keys:

Reading Comprehension

50.A 51.C 52.B 53.A 54.B 55.D 56.D 57.B 58.A 59.C 60.B 61.A 62.B 63.B 64.A

Translation

I．I prefer to go to school on foot rather than take such a crowded bus.

2. In some ways, the way we behave reflects the way we live.

3. His behaviour left a bad impression on the teacher.

4. This old photo reminds me of the days when I was in Britain.

5. I'd like to find a job with more chances to communicate With people.

6. John is several years senior to Smith.

7. We must concentrate on improving education.

8. China plays an important role in maintaining world peace.

牛津高中英语必修一Unit 1 School life 重点知识归纳 当堂训练 课后巩固(含答案)

M1 U1 School life 一、词形变化 1.enjoy(n./adj.) joy; joyful; enjoyable 2.experience(adj./opp.) experienced; inexperienced 3.devote(adj./n.) devotion; devoted 4.literary(n.) literature 5.challenge(adj.) challenging 6.encourage(n./adj./opp.) courage; courageous; encouragement; discouraged; discouragement 7. satisfy(adj./n./opp.) satisfied; unsatisfied; satisfaction; dissatisfaction; satisfactory; unsatisfactory 8. graduate(n.) graduation 9. donate(n.) donation 10. depend(adj./n./opp.) dependent; independent; dependence; independence 11. approve(n.) approval; disapprove; disapproval 12. host(n.) hostess 13. fluent(n.) fluency; influent 14. poem(n.) poet; poetry 15. select(adj./n..) selective; selection 16. Spain(adj.) Spanish 二、重点知识归纳记忆清单 1. 一个有经验的工人an experienced worker＝a worker with rich experience 在…方面没有经验be inexperienced in sth.=have experience in/of (doing) sth. 一次难忘的/愉快的经历an unforgettable/enjoyable experience 体验不同的文化experience different cultures 2. 谋生earn one’s/a living＝make one’s/a living (by/as…) 挣钱earn money＝make money 赢得美名earn a reputation 博得某人的尊敬earn one's respect=earn respect from sb. 3. 尊敬某人show respect for sb.＝respect sb. 4. 致力于；献身于devote oneself to＋n./doing sth.＝be devoted to ＋n./doing sth. 把(人生、时间、劳力等)专用于…devote sth. to (doing) sth. 某人对……的奉献/热爱one's devotion to (doing) sth. 5. 平均on (the/an) average 高于/低于平均above/below average 平均有an average of... 一个普通的学生an average student 6. 努力做某事struggle to do sth. 挣扎着站起来struggle to one's feet 对某人来说做某事是一件难事It's a struggle for sb. to do sth. 7. 免费for free＝free of charge＝for nothing 8. 喜爱，喜欢be fond of 9. 回忆，回顾look back (on) 10. 使某人满意的是to one's satisfaction... 表达对…的满意express one's satisfaction with

高一英语必修一 U1 知识点及习题(附答案)

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on purpose 故意 in order to 为了… dusk 黄昏;傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder v打雷;雷鸣;n雷;雷声entire 整个的;完全的;全部的entirely 完全地;全然地;整个地power 能力;力量;权力 face to face 面对面地 curtain 窗帘;门帘;幕布 dusty 积满灰尘的 no longer ot…any longer 不再partner 伙伴;合作者;合伙人 settle 安家;定居;停留使定居;安排;解决suffer 遭受;忍受;经历 suffer from 遭受;患病 loneliness 孤单;寂寞 highway 公路;大路;<美>高速公路recover 痊愈;恢复;重新获得 gete tired of 对…厌烦 pack 捆扎;包装;打行李小包;包裹pack(sth)up 将(东西)装箱打包suitcase 手提箱;衣箱 overcoat 大衣;外套 teenager 十几岁的青少年 get along with 与…相处;发展gossip 闲话;闲谈 fall in love 相爱爱上 exactly 确实如此;正式;确切地disagree 不同意

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