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英语四级写作6大技巧与步骤

英语四级写作6大技巧与步骤
英语四级写作6大技巧与步骤

英语四级写作6大技巧与步骤

1.认真审题,准确立意

根据《大学英语教学大纲》的要求,四级写作是一种给题目、提示、及指导的短文写作,所以,紧紧围绕其题旨是至关重要的。在四

级作文考试标准中文章是否切题首当其冲,可见其重要性。考生在审

题的过程理应认真审阅作文的说明要求和所给的材料,比如段首句、

提纲、关键词、图表等,确定相对应的体裁(确定是议论文、说明文还

是记叙文),明确自己的中心思想,从而明确作文的写作范围和侧重点。审题的目的首先是立意,即根据题目或材料确定文章的主题思想,明

确主题就是立意的过程。一篇文章只能有一个主题思想,要鲜明、深刻、有新意。另一方面要明确题目给定的题材及写作考试重点们还要

从题目当中找出关键词,总结该题目涵盖了哪几个方面的内容,尤其

是侧重点。例如"How I Finance My college Education"重点应放在"How"和"I"上。

2.列出提纲

考生在四级写作时间上要巧安排,英语四级考试一般要求在30分

钟内写出一篇120个词的短文,文章虽说并不是太长,但需要有论有据,有头有尾。为了防止因时间不足而虎头蛇尾,写作时一定要安排

好时间。用5分钟左右写下提纲和要点,以便写作时有章可循。这样

做一是不至于无话可说,二是能够避免虎头蛇尾。不同的作文题型中,对提纲的要求也有所不同,在四级考试作文中,常见的是给出题目和

提纲题型。所以只需要考生自己能准确有效的利用已经给出的中文提纲,对提纲材料实行加工、补充、扩展。各段的展开根据提纲的来龙

去脉实行,尤其要注意确定重点,选准扩充点,将比较抽象的内容具

体化,阐述透彻。

3.确立主题句

审题立意后,学生应用最精炼的语言概括出段落的主题句。何为

主题句?柯群胜在其文章中谈到,"主题句是段落的中心,有提携全段

的作用。"所以,主题句放在每段的段首,这个位置醒目突出,能让阅

卷人一眼就能明了全段大意。同时,主题句结构要完整,表达意义要

准确,有高度的概括性,且用词要精炼生动。

4.选择材料扩展主题句

写作材料与主题句密切相关。主题句从无数素材中总结浓缩而来,同时,它又提携着材料,材料又必须为主题句服务,详细说明并支持

主题句的思想,与文章主题形成有机的统一体,任何与主题句无关的

繁杂内容都应舍弃。选择的材料来自日常生活,真实且具有说服力。

5.文章的逻辑性

从语言学上来讲,英语是形合的语言,指的是靠形式来联合,而

汉语是意合的语言,指的是靠意思来联合。比如英语的句子之间必须

用连词或关系词来连接,而汉语不用连词也能表达完整的句子。所以,考试在写作中,句子之间要用相对应的连接词来体现文章的逻辑性。

比如:表示举例或补充说明的关联词、表示时间或顺序的关联词、表

示转折的关联词以及表示原因与结果的关联词等等,考生在平时的学

习中要有意识的积累这类连接词。

6.文章修改和润色

考生写完一篇文章后,若时间允许,要实行修改和润色。考生可

从以下几个方面入手修改。应该先从语篇结构上检查,这主要是检查

文章的主题是否明确,篇章层次是否明显,段落衔接是否连贯,内容

是否切题等。另一方面就是具体检查每个段落,这个步主要检查段落

是否完善,中心是否突出,段内各句是否衔接紧凑等。最后就是做语

法上的检查,包括用词是否恰当,标点是否准确,句子结构是否完整,语句是否通顺等。

最后,我想提醒广大考生,写作水平的提升不但需要考生平时的刻苦训练,而且需要各个环节的密切配合。写作体现的是考生的英语综合水平,所以,考生在平时的学习中要多练习,多总结,还是那句老话,"No pains, no gains"。

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