当前位置：文档视界 › 人教版英语必修三unit4知识点以及相应练习

人教版英语必修三unit4知识点以及相应练习

Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars

[背原句][记句式][会仿用]

produced a chain reaction, which

made it possible for life to develop.

这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命

就有可能开始发展了。

句中的it是形式宾语，真正

的宾语是不定式短语to

develop。

这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到

一份好工作。

The girl knows three foreign languages,

which makes_it_easier_for_her_to_find a

good job.

when I tried to step forward, I found I

was carried twice as far as on the earth

and fell over.

而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被

送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球

上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。

“...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词

原级＋as ...”是倍数表达法之

一，意为“……是……的多少

倍”。

杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，

所以我相信她这次能成功。Jessica devoted

three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_a

s she did before, so I believe she will

succeed this time.

3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does

need a bit of practice now that gravity

has changed.”

“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，

看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”

now that “既然；由于”，引

导原因状语从句，有时that

可以省略。

既然它对我们的好处如此多，为什么不试

一试呢Now_that_it_benefits_us so much,

why not have a try

第一板块核心单词归纳集释

1．harmful adj.有害的

[经典例句]Experts point out that fruit juices can be harmful to children’s teeth.

专家指出果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。

①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very

(harm) to their health.有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有

害。

2．exist vi.存在；生存

[教材原句]They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.

(1)There exists ... 某地有……；存在……

(2)existence n. 存在；生存

come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在

①There_exists a generation gap between the young and the old.

青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。

②You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he’s earning.

你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。

③Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into (exist)．

关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种观点。

[名师指津]exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。

3．puzzle vt.使迷惑；使为难n．谜；难题；(游戏的)猜谜

[教材原句]How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found

丢失的男孩去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。

③His last paintings are perhaps the most ,_which even all the artists.(puzzle)

他最后的一批画作也许是最让人困惑的，这些画作甚至使所有的艺术家们都非常困惑。

[单词集成训练]

Ⅰ.基础点全练

1．单句语法填空

①I can say that it is the most (violence) film that I have ever seen.

②The festival of this year has been a great success, (like) the year before when it rained non-stop.

③The conversation was carried on a harmonious and friendly atmosphere.

④As the old saying goes, it is easier to pull than to build up.

⑤Her (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn’t understand what I said.

⑥The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and crashed a truck.

Ⅱ.重难点多练

1．exist全方位

(1)单句语法填空

①There (exist) a good way to solve the (exist) problem at present.

③As is known to us, the Republic of China came into (exist) as an independent country in 1949.

2．harmful面面观

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①As we all know, a bad eating habit is (harm) to one’s health.

②As far as I’m concerned, there is no (harmful) in making an apology to him first.

第二板块短语句型归纳集释

by turns 轮流；交替地

take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事

It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事

It turns/turned out that ... 结果……

3．cheer up(使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋

4．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.

而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。

英语中常见的倍数表达法有：

A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B

A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B

A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词size/weight/length ...＋of B

A＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”。

①The red ruler is three times as (long) as the yellow one.

＝The red ruler is three times longer (long) than the yellow one.

＝The red ruler is three times the (long) of the yellow one.

5．“Oh de ar，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now_that_gravity has changed.”

“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”

以省略。

[短语句型集成训练]

Ⅰ.基础点全练

1．单句语法填空

①Though injured seriously, he tried to cheer ,_hoping to make his parents less worried.

②The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other.

③was needed at that time, she told me, was some good luck.

④Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week its turn.

⑤I had meant to call you, but was prevented doing so.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．I could feel the wind (gentle) blowing through my hair, it was a warm summer breeze.

2．Watch out sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.

3．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times (big) than the present one.

4．As we know, getting angry not only does harm one’s health but also has a bad effect the relationship between people.

5．It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe in yourself.

6．He failed the exam and I didn’t know how to cheer him .

7．After several years of practice, I think I will finally get the hang spoken English.

8．All theories come from practice and turn serve practice.

9．Sometimes he found very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.

10．There were many fish (float) in the river because of the serious pollution.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．There is so much rain on the island that its annual rainfall reaches as many as sixty inches.

2．You’ll succeed on time because you are always working hard.

3．Do you know when the Marriage Law came into an existence

4．We recognized the possibility and took steps to prevent it happened.

5．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere that his employees enjoy their work.

6．The twin brothers stood under the tree, puzzling and saying nothing.

练(一)英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度

Ⅰ.完形填空

The other day I was having a meal in an Italian restaurant when I got a phone call from a long lost friend. In my excitement I talked slightly __1__ than usual and in Spanish, my mother tongue. A few minutes into the __2__ the lady sitting at the table beside mine got up, seemingly __3__，and asked the restaurant staff to find for her another __4__ as far away as possible from me. I __5__ in my seat out of embarrassment, feeling the __6__ to go over and apologize.

I looked around and __7__ the lady was alone and staring out the window at the table furthest away from me. I was about to stand up when it hit me that she might prefer not to be __8__. Right then I __9__ my plans for a conventional apology and decided to conduct an experiment. Seeing those __10__ smile cards in my wallet I took one out. On signing my restaurant check I asked my waiter to __11__ charge the lady’s meal to my credit card and __12__ her a smile card instead of her bill.

When I was __13__ I told the staff I would be back in a few hours to pick up my credit card and close the bill. I returned later as I promised, excited to learn the __14__ of the experiment. To my pleasant surprise, things __15__ the best possible way. The restaurant staff happily approached me, telling me that in the many times she had had dinner there before __16__ had they seen the old lady smile and laugh like she did __17__ receiving the smile card and the D|S0 __18__. She thanked the staff __19__ they explained that someone else did the job.

To top it off, the staff asked me about the smile cards so as to conduct their own __20__. It was an interesting, fun experiment which may hopefully result in many more.

1．B．more C．faster D．louder

2．B．speech C．quarrel D．saying

3．B．worried C．annoyed D．confused

4．B．table C．room D．space

5．B．lay C．sank D．took

6．B．urge C．pity D．mistake

7．B．told C．heard D．recognized

8．B．watched C．noticed D．disturbed

9．B．made C．abandoned D．refused

10．B．useless C．expensive D．strange

11．B．secretly C．slightly D．freely

12．B．buy C．drop D．hand

13．B．arriving C．leaving D．walking

14．B．effects C．rules D．situations

15．out B．turned out C．went out D．figured out

16．B．even C．still D．never

17．B．to C．at D．with

18．B．note C．check D．expense

19．B．because C．as though D．even though

20．B．experiments C．businesses D．restaurants

Ⅱ.语法填空

What should you do if you are not able to sleep The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. __1__ you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this sets a __2__ (health) rhythm in your life. Don’t drink caffeine drinks in the evening. Smoking and alcohol can also keep you awake. You may have trouble __3__ (sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed.

You may also find it difficult __4__ (get) to sleep if you have a problem or something else on your mind. This is __5__ you need to relax. As you lie in bed, tense the muscles in your feet and then relax __6__. Continue up the body, tensing and relaxing the muscles until you reach the head. Start with the feet again if you are still tense. If you __7__ (think) about a problem or about something exciting that is going to happen the next day, get up and write about it. That will help to take it off your mind. You can also get up and read, but be sure to choose __8__ book that is not too difficult. __9__，you may get so interested that you won’t want to go to sleep even when you feel sleepy. Sleep well! Sweet __10__ (dream)!

练(二)第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范

Ⅰ.语法填空

Most Americans don’t like to get advice from members of their family. They get advice from “strangers”. When they need advice, they __1__ (rare) go to people they know. Instead, many of __2__ write letters to newspapers and magazines __3__ give advice on many different subjects __4__ (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how to buy a house or a car.

Most newspapers regularly print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are answers written by people who __5__ (suppose) to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, and others are lawyers or __6__ (educate). Among the writers, two women are famous. __7__ they have no special training for this kind of work, they can give the readers suitable advice because they are rich __8__ life experience and good at communicating with others. A survey was done last year about why people __9__ (turn) to strangers for help and why the two women were well-received. Most people interviewed in __10__ survey said this way could help protect their privacy and the advice from the women was practical and effective.

Ⅱ.短文改错

Last Saturday, our school had organized an activity to visit the children at a local orphanage. As one of the volunteer, I took part in it. We took many books as well many kinds of school supplies and toys to the children. They were delighting to receive the gifts. In the morning, we played some games with them when we used to play in our childhood. Then we cooked and had lunch here. In the afternoon, we gave them some performances. Before leaving the orphanage, we had photos take with them and gave them our contact details so that they could keep in touch with one another. Each of us had a happily time. We gave the children our care and help, but in return, they gave us their smiles and love.

Ⅲ.书面表达

近年来，人们对中国传统节日的关注程度日益下降，而洋节日却越来越受到人们的追捧。

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Nowadays, western festivals such as Christmas and Valentine’s Day are becoming more and more popular in China. Whether we Chinese should celebrate these festivals has raised a heated discussion.

高一英语人教版必修三-全册课文内容

Unit 1 Festivals around the world FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Festivals of the dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals when people admire the moon and in China enjoy moon-cakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of al kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.

高中英语必修三知识点总结

高中英语必修三知识点总结 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020

必修三u n i t1 1.take place / happen / break out 无被动 2.starve to death 饿死 starve to do渴望做.. starve for 渴望得到.. 3.in memory of 纪念 4.dress up 穿上盛装，打扮 5. play a trick / tricks on play a joke / jokes on 6.award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.授予某人某物 reward sb. for sth. 因... 而报答，奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用...报答，酬谢某人 7.look forward to doing *以介词to结尾的短语 pay attention to (doing) devote… to (doing) attach… to (doing) attach great importance to... 认为...很重要 8.without permission.未经许可 permit doing sth. permit sb.to do sb be permitted to do 9.turn up 出现,调高 turn down 拒绝，调低 turn out (to be ) 结果是 turn to sb (for help) 求助 10 keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言hold one’s breath屏息；屏气 11.apologize to sb for sth make an apology to sb for sth 11.set off （for...) = set out（for...) 动身，出发 12.remind sb. of sth. /sb.使某人想起… remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 14.mean to do打算做 mean doing 意味着 15 be satisfied with 对…感到满意 satisfying 令人满意的 16lead to 导致；通向，通往 17. It is/was obvious that。。。很明显…… 18.get/be married to U2 1. have / keep a healthy diet

(推荐)高一英语必修三、必修四知识点归纳

高一英语必修三知识点归纳Unit1 Festivals around the world 1.sth take palce某事（按意图、）发生，举行 (不及物动词，不能用于被动语态) 2.v.(去e)＋al→n. arrive (v.) 到达→arrival (n.)到达者 survive (v.) 幸存；幸免于；→survival (n.)幸存者 3.starve to death ＝be starved to death饿死starve for sth.渴望某物starvation n.饥饿，饿死 4.in memory of sb 纪念某人 5.have belief in对……有信心believe in相信……的存在，believe vt.相信；认为 6.dress up穿上盛装；打扮；dress sb. up=dress up sb. 打扮某人 sb be dressed in某人穿着… 7.play a trick on sb. ＝play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人 8.admire sb. for sth.因某事而羡慕某人 with/in admiration钦佩地 9.look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 look up to 仰视；尊重 look down on/upon 瞧不起 look into调查 10.have fun with sth/sb玩得开心 for fun为了好玩； it’s fun to do sth.做某事很有趣funny adj.有趣的；滑稽可笑的 11.offer sth to sb=offer sb sth 提供某人某物12.decorate sth with sth 用…来装饰… 13.day and night 日夜 14.turn up 出现，到场，调高（音量）turn down 调低 turn to 转向，求助于 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 15.permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 time/weather permitting=if time/weather permits 如果时间/天气允许的话 permission n.许可，允许 16.keep one’s word 守信用；履行诺言bre ak one’s word失信；食言； in a word 总之 17.hold one’s breath 屏息；屏气 out of breath 上气不接下气 18.drown oneself in…(＝be drowned in...)浸在…… 19.set off 出发；动身 20.remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事；remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事21.forgive sb. for doing sth.原谅某人做了某事 22.It was obvious t hat…显而易见的是… It is a pity that...很遗憾…… It is well known that... 众所周知…23.try to do sth=seek to do sth企图做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 24.mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 25.hear about/of sth听说某事 26.apologize to sb. for sth./doing sth.因某事/做了某事而向某人道歉make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉27.情态动词will,may,might,can,could,must,should等后面接动词原形

高中生物必修一第四章基础知识点整理

第四章细胞的物质输入和输出第一节物质跨膜运输的实例一、渗透作用（1）渗透作用：指水分子（或其他溶剂分子）通过半透膜的扩散。（2）发生渗透作用的条件：一是具有半透膜，二是半透膜两侧具有浓度差。二、细胞的吸水和失水（原理：渗透作用） 1、动物细胞的吸水和失水外界溶液浓度<细胞质浓度时,细胞吸水膨胀外界溶液浓度>细胞质浓度时,细胞失水皱缩外界溶液浓度=细胞质浓度时,水分进出细胞处于动态平衡 2、植物细胞的吸水和失水细胞内的液体环境主要指的是液泡里面的细胞液。原生质层：细胞膜和液泡膜以及两层膜之间的细胞质外界溶液浓度>细胞液浓度时,细胞质壁分离外界溶液浓度<细胞液浓度时,细胞质壁分离复原外界溶液浓度=细胞液浓度时就，水分进出细胞处于动态平衡 3、质壁分离产生的条件：（1）具有大液泡（2）具有细胞壁(3) 活细胞 4、质壁分离产生的原因：内因：原生质层伸缩性大于细胞壁伸缩性外因：外界溶液浓度>细胞液浓度 5、植物吸水方式有两种：（1）吸胀作用（未形成液泡）如：干种子、根尖分生区（了解）（2）渗透作用(形成液泡的) 二、比较几组概念扩散：物质从高浓度到低浓度的运动叫做扩散（扩散与过膜与否无关）（如：O2从浓度高的地方向浓度低的地方运动）渗透：水分子或其他溶剂分子通过半透膜的扩散又称为渗透（如：细胞的吸水和失水，原生质层相当于半透膜）

半透膜：物质的透过与否取决于半透膜孔隙直径的大小（如：动物膀胱、玻璃纸、肠衣、鸡蛋的卵壳膜等）选择透过性膜：细胞膜上具有载体，且不同生物的细胞膜上载体种类和数量不同，构成了对不同物质吸收与否和吸收多少的选择性。（如：细胞膜等各种生物膜）第二节生物膜的流动镶嵌模型一、探索历程（略，见P65-67）、细胞融合实验二、流动镶嵌模型的基本内容 ▲磷脂双分子层构成了膜的基本支架 ▲蛋白质分子有的镶嵌在磷脂双分子层表面，有的部分或全部嵌入磷脂双分子层中，有的横跨整个磷脂双分子层 ▲磷脂双分子层和大多数蛋白质分子可以运动三、糖蛋白（糖被）组成：由细胞膜上的蛋白质与糖类结合形成。作用：细胞识别、免疫反应、血型鉴定、保护润滑等。第三节物质跨膜运输的方式一、被动运输：物质进出细胞，顺浓度梯度的扩散，称为被动运输。 (1)自由扩散：物质通过简单的扩散作用进出细胞 (2)协助扩散：进出细胞的物质借助载体蛋白的扩散二、主动运输：从低浓度一侧运输到高浓度一侧，需要载体蛋白的协助，同时还需要消耗细胞内化学反应所释放的能量，这种方式叫做主动运输。四、大分子物质进出细胞的方式：胞吞、胞吐。（如分泌蛋白的形成）利用原理：膜的流动性两种方式都需要能量，但不需要跨膜，通过囊泡的形式运输。五、影响几种跨膜运输方式的条件 1、自由扩散：内外浓度差 2、协助扩散：内外浓度差、载体数量 3、主动运势：载体数量、A TP量

(完整版)人教版高中英语必修三单词表

人教版高中英语必修三单词表Unit 1 take place 发生 beauty /'bju:ti/ n.美；美人 harvest /'hɑ:vist/ n. & vt. & vi.收获；收割 celebration /seli'brei?n/ n.庆祝；祝贺 hunter /'h?nt?/ n.狩猎者；猎人 starve /stɑ:v/ vi. & vt.（使）饿死；饿得要死 origin /'?rid?in/ n.起源；由来；起因 religious /ri'lid??s/ adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 △seasonal /'si:z?nl/ adj.季节的；季节性的 ancestor /'?nsest?/ n.祖先；祖宗 △Obon /?'b?n/ n. (日本)盂兰盆节 △grave /ɡreiv/ n.坟墓；墓地 △incense /'insens/ n.熏香；熏香的烟 in memory of 纪念；追念 Mexico /'meksik?u/ n. 墨西哥(拉丁美洲国家) feast /fi:st/ n.节日；盛宴 △skull /sk?l/ n.头脑；头骨 bone /b?un/ n.骨；骨头 △Halloween /h?l?u'i:n/ n.万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕 belief /bi'li:f/ n.信任；信心；信仰 dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 trick /trik/ n.诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗 play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 poet /'p?uit/ n.诗人 △Columbus Day哥伦布日 arrival /?'raivl/ n.到来；到达；到达者 △Christopher Columbus /'krist?f?k?'1?mb?s/ 克利斯托弗·哥伦布(意大利航海家) gain /ɡein/ vt.获得；得到 independence /indi'pend?ns/n.独立；自主 independent /indi'pend?nt/ adj.独立的；自主的 gather /'ɡ?e?/ vt. & vi. & n.搜集；集合；聚集 agriculture /'?ɡrik?lt??/n.农业；农艺；农学 agricultural /?ɡri'k?lt??r?l/ adj.农业的；农艺的 award /?'w?:d/ n.奖；奖品vt.授予；判定 △produce /'pr?dju:s/ n.产品；（尤指）农产品 rooster /'ru:st?/ n.雄禽；公鸡 admire /?d'mai?/ vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 energetic /en?'d?etik/ adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的 look forward to 期望；期待；盼望 △carnival /'ka:nivl/n. 狂欢节；(四句斋前的) 饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会) △lunar /'lu:n?/ adj.月的；月亮的；阴历的 Easter /'i:st?/n. (耶稣)复活节 △parade /p?'reid/ n.游行；阅兵；检阅 day and night 日夜；昼夜；整天

高中英语必修三第三单元知识点总结

必修3第3单元单词短语讲解 1.Bet bet [bet] n. 赌, 打赌 1). 打赌[(+on)] Let's have a bet on the result of the election. 让我们就选举结果打个赌吧! 2). 赌金,赌注 3). 意见,猜测[+(that)] My bet is that she won't refuse his invitation. 我认为她不会拒绝他的邀请。 You shouldn't make bets = (make a bet打赌) against him v. 赌, 赌钱 1）. I bet you don't know who won the game last night. 我肯定你不知道昨晚谁赢了比赛。 2）. He bet twenty dollars on me to win the fight. 在口语中I bet =I’m sure 我肯定 I bet it will rain tomorrow !我肯定明天会下雨！ 2.scene n. 现场, 场面, 情景, 景色, 发生地点, [戏剧]一场, 布景, 道具布置

3.tale故事；传说 A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》 4.permit/ allow allow /permit这两个词的意义与用法相近。其句型为： 1、allow/permit sth 2、allow/permit sb to do sth 3、allow/permit doing sth 如：①This plant allows one hour for lunch. 这家工厂允许一个小时的吃饭时间。 ②He would not permit the waste of a single grain. 他不允许浪费一粒粮食。 ③They don't allow/permit people to smoke in the offices． ④We don't allow/permit smoking in the offices． ⑤Talking loudly is not allowed/permitted in the library. permission是permit的名词形式 5.go ahead本意“前进” 6.go ahead“随便，请自便”“继续”着手做某事；尽管去做；不要等（常用于祈使句） 7.“May I ask you a question”“Yes，go ahead．”“我可以问

高中化学--必修一第四章知识点总结(详细)

与碱溶液反应Cl2 + 2NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H2O 2Cl2 + 2Ca(OH)2 = CaCl2 + Ca(ClO)2 + 2H2O 与盐溶液反应Cl2 + Na2SO3 + H2O = 2HCl + Na2SO4Cl2 + 2KI = I2 + 2KCl 实验室制取原理MnO2 + 4HCl(浓) △MnCl2 + Cl2↑+2H2O 2KMnO4 + 16HCl = 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2↑+ 8H2O NaCl O + 2HCl = NaCl + Cl2↑+ H2O ( 离子方程式: Cl O-+ 2H+ + Cl- = Cl2↑+ H2O ) 2.新制氯水成分分子:H２ＯＨClO Cl2 离子:H+Ｃｌ-CｌO-OＨ- 久置氯水成分分子：H2O离子：H+Cl-OH- ３.实验室如何制取纯净的氯气制取原理：MnO2 + 4HCｌ(浓) △MnCl２+ Cｌ2↑+2Ｈ2O 气体成分：Cｌ２（ＨCｌ、H2O）操作顺序仪器中盛装的药品各试剂的作用应出现的现象 ①先通入饱和食盐水除去HC l有晶体析出（NaCl） ②再通入浓H2SO4除去H2O 4.漂白粉 ①制法:2Cl２+ 2Cａ(ＯH)2= CaCl２＋Ca(ＣlO)2+2H2O ②有效成分:Cａ(CｌO)2 成分:ＣaCｌ２和Ｃａ（ClＯ)2 ③漂白原理：Ca(ClO)2 +CO2 +H2O = CaＣO３↓+ 2HClＯ（在溶液中) 漂白慢Ca(CｌO)2 + 2HCｌ＝CａCl2 + 2ＨＣlO漂白快 ④久置失效发生的反应：Ca（CｌO)2＋CO2 + H２O ＝ＣaCO3＋2HClO２HClO 错误!2ＨCｌ+O2↑ 5．Br2、Ｉ2在不同溶剂中的颜色水苯或汽油四氯化碳 Br2黄～橙橙～橙红橙～橙红 I2深黄～褐淡紫～紫红紫～深紫 6.置换反应Ｃl2 ＋2NａBr = Br2+ 2NaCl Br2 ＋２KＩ＝I2+2ＫBr∴氧化性Cｌ2>Br2 ＞I2 7．I２遇淀粉溶液后，溶液呈蓝色 I－错误!I２三.氮 1.氮的氧化物 NO: 无色气体、有毒(同CＯ）、难溶与水2NO＋O2 = 2NＯ2 NＯ2:红棕色气体、有毒、与水反应3NＯ2 +2H2Ｏ= 2ＨＮO3 +NO 2．有关NO与Ｏ２或NＯ2与O２混合通入水中,液面上升一定高度时用的方程式４NＯ2 + O２＋2H2O= ４HＮＯ３4NO＋3Ｏ2 +２Ｈ2O = 4HNO3 3.硝酸物理性质无色液体、有刺激性气味、能以任意比溶于水化学性质酸的通性强氧化性与金属氧化物3FeO + 10HNO3 = 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO↑+ 5H2O 与金属 3Cu + 8HNO3(稀) = 3Cu(NO3)2 +2NO↑+ 4H2O Cu + 4HNO3(浓) = Cu(NO3)2 +2NO2↑+ 2H2O 与非金属 C + 4HNO3(浓) △CO2↑+ 4NO2↑+ 2H2O 不稳定性4HNO3 光照或加热 4NO2↑+ O2↑+ H2O ４.氨( ＮH3）物理性质无色气体、有刺激性气味、密度小于空气、1:700溶于水化学与H2O NH3 + H2O NH3·H2O NH4++ OH-与酸NH3 + HCl = NH4Cl

高一英语必修三第一单元重要知识点讲解(重要词汇_语法等)

Unit 1 重要单词，词组讲解 1. mean的用法 What do you mean to do with it? I didn’t mean to hurt you. 1）mean to do意欲做 This means staying here longer. Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 2）mean doing意味着做 He is not meant for a teacher and will always be unhappy in the school. Be meant for 适合做他说他不适合读书因为懒。 He says he _________________ a student for his laziness. 这次考试失败意味着要再考一次。 Failing this exam ___________________ another one. 我并不是故意迟到的。 I didn’t ____________ be late for school. 2. celebrate vt. (1) 庆祝；祝贺 celebrate Christmas / one’s birthday / a victory (成功) (2) 赞扬；称颂 The names of many heroes are celebrated by the poets. 词语辨析：celebrate, congratulate celebrate后常接日期,事情或场合 congratulate后常接人表示为某事而祝贺某人congratulate sb. on/upon sth. ex：congratulate you on your marriage. 有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。 ex：I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished. 3. 英语中表示“发生”的词或短语均为不及物，不用于被动语态。主语为所发生的事。词语辨析：take place, happen, occur, come about, break out的比较 1）The wedding will take place tomorrow. 2）In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China. take place发生,举行; 侧重安排或计划而发生的事,带有“非偶然”的意思 3) What has happened to her？碰巧，恰好 happen “发生”，普通用词，含义很广。常指具体客观事物或情况的发生，含有“偶然”的意味。当以具体事物、事件作主语时，happen 和occur可以换用；但当happen用作“碰巧”之意时，不能用occur代替，但可以与come about 互换。 4) It happened to rain that day.

高三英语必修一unit4知识点整理

高三英语必修一unit4知识点整理《高三英语必修一unit4知识点整理》助你榜上有名！ 1.Nowimaginetherehasbeenabigearthquake.现在，假设有一次大地震。 “There+be+主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。其它相似句型还有： Therehappentobe碰巧有 Thereseems/appearstobe好像有 Thereislikelytobe可能有 Theremay/mightbe也许有 Theremustbe一定有 Therecan’tbe不可能有 Thereissaid/reportedtobe据说/据报道有 Thereusedtobe曾经有 Thereissure/certaintobe一定有 2.happento. It(so)happenedthat… DidyouhearwhathappenedtoDavidlastnight? 你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗? WhatwillhappentothechildrenifPeterandAlicebreakup? 如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?

IhappenedtoseePeteronthewaytothebookstoreyesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 ItsohappenedthatIsawPeteronthewaytothebookstoreyesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 Ihappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.他来访时，恰巧我出去了。 (=IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.) IhappenedonjustthethingIhadbeenlookingfor.我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。 3.rightaway毫不迟疑，立刻 Heisill;youshouldcallinthedoctorrightaway.他病了,你应该立即请大夫来。 4.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.裂缝里冒出臭气。 5.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。 6.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。 7.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界似乎到了末日。从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;似乎” ①Itseems/looks/appearsasif/though…看起来好像… ②Sb./Sth.looksasif/though…(不用seem/appear) ③Thereseems/appears(tobe)…(不用look) Thereappearstohavebeenamistake.=Itappearsthattherehasbeenamistake. ④Itseemsso.=Soitseems.看来似乎是这样。 8.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins. 在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。

人教版高中英语必修三知识点总结

高中英语必修三知识点总结 Unit 1 1.mean doing sth. 意味着; mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事; mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事be meant for 打算作……用; 2.take place 发生；举行 3.of all kinds 各种各样的 4.starve to death饿死be starved of 缺乏, starve for sth, starve to do,渴望 5.plenty of 大量; 充足 6.be satisfied with感到满意to one’s satisfaction感到满意是 7.do harm to sb.=do sb. harm 伤害某人 8.in the shape of呈…的形状，以…的形式 9.in memory of/ to the memory of sb.纪念某人 10.dress up 穿上最好的衣服;打扮,化装 11.award sth.(to sb.)和award sb.sth.(for sth.) 给予、颁奖reward sb. for sth. 因…奖赏某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人 12. admire sb. for sth在某方面钦佩某人 13.look forward to期望，期待，盼望 14,have fun with(与某人)玩得开心;过得快乐( have a good time, enjoy oneself.) 15. turn up.来；出现;把(收音机等)音量开大些turn down 拒绝; turn off 关掉; turn on 打开; turn out 结果是...... turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 16．keep one’s word 守信用；break one’s word, 失信

外研版高中英语必修三全册重要知识点归纳

必修三知识点汇总 Module 1 Europe 重要短语： because of be covered by/with be known for/as/to make A out of B on the coast work on have…in common refer to have control over/of have a population of little by little on the other hand in one’s thirties compared with belong to increase to/by in terms of be faced with ever since 重要句型： 1. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. one of the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数最。。。。之一 2. Portugal is to the west of Spain. ①表示位置: A is/lies in/on/to/off the+方向+of B A is located/situated in/on/to/off the+方向+of B ②位置+距离: A is (about)+距离+（to the）+方向+of B in ,on和to表地理方位的区别（1）表示A在B的范围内（即A是B的组成部分之一）时用in.如：our school is in the west of the town.我们学校在城西。（2）强调A和B两地接壤时，用on.如： Korea is on the east of China.朝鲜与中国东部接壤。（3） A在B的范围之外，两者之间没有所属关系时用to。如：Our school is to the west of the hospital.我们学校在医院的西面。 3. on the coast和off the coast on表示“位于河畔或铁路，公路及海岸等沿线上”；off表示“稍离陆地，在沿岸的海里”。如：语法要求：一：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词(+by) ”构成。被动语态发生时态变化时只变be的形式，过去分词不变。现在时被动语态：am/ is/ are + 过去分词过去时被动语态：was/ were + 过去分词二：主谓一致：本单元主要强调第二个原则语法一致原则。句子的主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。注意：(1) something, everybody, nobody , either, neither, each等不定代词作主语时，谓语需用单数。 (2) 当主语后面跟有with, together with, as well as, like 等时，谓语动词的单复数形式仍然要与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。 2. 意义一致原则。一些集合名词，如：family, enemy, class, population, army等作主语时，谓语动词的