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西南交通大学2009年考博英语试卷1

2015年四川大学考博《英语》真题及详解

2015年四川大学考博《英语》真题 (总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟) 一、ⅠReadingComprehension 二、Passage1 Speechissofamiliarafeatureofdailylifethatwerarelypausetodefineit.Itseemsasnatural tomanaswalkingandonlylesssothanbreathing.Yetitneedsbutamoment'sreflectiontoconvinceus thatthisnaturalnessofspeechisbutanillusoryfeeling.Theprocessofacquiringspeechis,insob erfact,anutterlydifferentsortofthingfromtheprocessoflearningtowalk.Inthecaseofthelatt erfunction,culture,inotherwords,thetraditionalbodyofsocialusage,isnotseriouslybrought intoplay.Thechildisindividuallyequipped,bythecomplexsetoffactorsthatwetermbiologicalh eredity,tomakealltheneededmuscularandnervousadjustmentsthatresultinwalking.Indeed,the veryconformationofthesemusclesandoftheappropriatepartsofthenervoussystemmaybesaidtobe primarilyadaptedtothemovementsmadeinwalkingandinsimilaractivities.Inaveryrealsense,th enormalhumanbeingispredestinedtowalk,notbecausehiselderswillassisthimtolearnthear t,butbecausehisorganismispreparedfrombirth,orevenfromthemomentofconception,totake onallthoseexpendituresofnervousenergyandallthosemuscularadaptationsthatresultinwalkin g.Toputitconcisely,walkingisaninherent,biologicalfunctionofman. Notsolanguage.Itisofcoursetruethatinacertainsensetheindividualispredestinedtotalk ,butthatisdueentirelytothecircumstancethatheisbornnotmerelyinnature,butinthelapofasoc ietythatiscertain,reasonablycertain,toleadhimtoitstraditions.Eliminatesocietyandthere iseveryreasontobelievethathewilllearntowalk,if,indeed,hesurvivesatall.Butitisjustasce rtainthathewillneverlearntotalk,thatis,tocommunicateideasaccordingtothetraditionalsys temofaparticularsociety.Or,again,removethenew-bornindividualfromthesocialenvironmenti ntowhichhehascomeandtransplanthimtoanutterlyalienone.Hewilldeveloptheartofwalkinginhi snewenvironmentverymuchashewouldhavedevelopeditintheold.Buthisspeechwillbecompletelya tvariancewiththespeechofhisnativeenvironment.Walkingthenisageneralhumanactivitythatva riesonlywithinarestrictedlimitaswepassfromindividualtoindividual.Itsvariabil ityispurposeless.Speechisahumanactivitythatvarieswithoutassignablelimitaswepassfr omsocialgrouptosocialgroup,becauseitisapurelyhistoricalheritage,theproductoflong-cont inuedsocialusage.Itvariesasallcreativeeffortvaries-notasconsciously,perhaps,butnoneth elessastrulyasdothereligions,thebeliefs,thecustoms,andtheartsofdifferentpeoples.Walki ngisanorganic,instinctivefunction,speechisanon-instinctive,acquired,"cultural"functio n. (1).ThefirstsentenceofParagraphTwo,"Notsolanguage"istheclosestinmeaningto______. " A.thisisnotthecasewithlanguage " B.soislanguageandnotanythingelse " C.nosuchathingexistsinlanguage " D.notsomuchwithlanguage A.√ B. C. D. 解析：细节推理题。Notsolanguage承接首段的最后一句话，将language与walking进行对比，上文提及"行走是人类与生俱来的一种生物功能"，而语言则不是。选项A与文中的意思最接近。故答案为A。

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【四川大学】博士考试专家推荐书

曹翔同志于2009年12月加入中国共产党，坚决拥护中国共产党领导，在党组织开展的各项活动中表现积极，政治可靠，有很强的责任心和集体荣誉感。该同志是在2010年9月以优异的成绩成为我的硕士研究生的。入学之初，我即对他强调要系统学习专业知识，认识研读文献资料。读研期间，该同志的业务水平不断提升，主持了一项西南民族大学创新型科研项目，参与了一项西南民族大学中央高校科研项目，撰写了一篇题为《湘西自治州扶贫开发中人力资本提升问题研究》的硕士论文，并通过了硕士论文答辩，拿到了管理学硕士学位。此外，该同志及时追踪最新的学科进展，涉足的时间尺度和研究方法都不局限于硕士论文的选题大量，有较宽的科学视野和开放的思维方式。该同志外语水平较强，曾荣获2009年全国大学生英语竞赛优秀奖，读研期间通过不断地刻苦训练，业已具备不错的交流能力。作为该同志的硕士研究生导师，我有足够的理由相信，他会在更有竞争力的环境中取得更好的成绩，并为祖国的繁荣富强做出积极努力。他蕴藏的学术潜力正待更有效地激发和引导。作为他的硕士导师，我很高兴推荐他成为四川大学博士研究生。

曹翔同志一贯忠实于教育、科学事业，热爱祖国，热爱人民，具备优良的思想品德。该同志良好的道德修养也保证其在将来的工作中具有好的组织协调能力与合作能力。该同志英语于2009年通过了全国大学生英语六级考试，成绩509分，能熟练使用英语阅读和交流。该同志具有很强的科研能力，在硕士论文的研究过程中对自然现象的观察非常细致，能够敏感地发现问题，并能迅速找出解决问题的办法，通过数月的不断努力，撰写了一篇题为《湘西自治州扶贫开发中人力资本提升问题研究》的硕士论文，并通过了硕士论文答辩，拿到了管理学硕士学位。该同志在硕士研究生学习期间参加了武陵山片区扶贫专项计划研究工作，在研究工作中积累了经验，同时也展示出该同志在研究工作中的天赋与才能。在研究工作的收尾之际，该同志撰写了一篇题为《武陵山湘西自治州与发达省市人力资本对比研究》的学术论文，论文集出版社为中国经济出版社。鉴于该同志天资聪慧，自学能力强，能很好地领悟学问之实质，及严谨的学风，勤奋的工作态度和其从事科学研究的天赋，特推荐曹翔同志报考四川大学博士研究生。

2010年四川大学博士生入学考试英语试题

Translation (30%) Part A (20%) 要想真正生活得幸福和平安，一个人至少应该有两三种业余爱好，而且必须是真正的爱好。到了晚年才开始说“我要培养这个或那个兴趣”是毫无用处的，这种尝试只会增加精神上的负担。在与自己日常工作无关的领域中，一个人或许能获得渊博的知识，但却很难有所收益或得到放松。做自己喜欢的事是无益的，你得喜欢自己所做的事。广而言之，人可以分为三个类别：劳累而死的人、忧虑而死的人和无聊而死的人。对于那些体力劳动者来说，一周辛苦的工作使他们筋疲力尽，因此在周六下午给他们提供踢足球或者打棒球的机会是没有意义的。对于政界人士、专业人士或者商人来说，他们已经为棘手的事务操劳或者烦恼了六天，因此在周末请他们为琐事劳神同样毫无意义。 Part B (10%) 1.Chengdu is a city that makes you reluctant to leave once you’re here. 2.Do not lust for a windfall. Do not drink too much wine. 3.Courtesy seats. (Seats reserved for the elderly, infirm, sick, disabled and pregnant.) 4.As a job seeker, dressing too casually can be detrimental to your odds of being hired. 5.The survey shows that few people are able to devote themselves fully to their career. V. Writing (29%) Sample Go West, Revitalize Our Nation As with the great appeal for the western frontier development in the 19th in the USA, there is also an urgent need for patriotic and energetic young people to go west and make contributions to the western region development nowadays in China. During the decades of years, the eastern region of China has been developing rapidly since its reform and opening up to the outside world. But the western region still remains undeveloped. There are various reasons why the landlocked west has lagged behind in its economic development. The chief reason, I think, is that the opening up policies enables the east to lure more foreign capital and make a fantastic spurt in its development. As a result, the gap between the east and the west has been widened. In addition, the west’s unique unfavorable geographic positions greatly limit its development. In fact, most of the poor population, who still have subsistence problems, live there. If left unchanged, the underdevelopment in the west will greatly affect overall prosperity and even social stability.

川大英语考博作文

In the illustration provided, authors of what should be unique articles peer over at their colleague’s work. Perhaps they are looking for inspiration, but more likely, they are stealing ideas and using these ideas as their own. It appears from this picture that everyone is guilty of this crime; there is no start or finish to the cycle of plagiarism. Academic plagiarism is a problem that is not limited to one or two schools in the world. One can only imagine that some form of academic plagiarism is present everywhere. This process can occur innocently enough. One writer is looking for information on a certain topic and does not cite his work properly, the original author is forgotten, and credit is not placed where it is due. I believe that this issue is a very serious problem in universities today. The administration should do everything they can to stop plagiarism. This could include lecturing students on how to properly quote references, and also raising the penalties for those who are found guilty of plagiarism. Coping with Stress As the pace of life continues to quicken, you find yourself under stress all too often. Chronic stress contributes to a wide range of physical and emotional problems. In addition, stress gets in the way of your work performance, the quality of your relationships, and your overall experience of life. Stress, too, can damage the general health and well-being of organizations and the society as a whole. If you want to thrive in our ever-accelerating world, you must learn to cope with stress. First, you have to reevaluate the priorities of your life. Do you really need those lavish things, like fashionable clothes and a brand-new car? If you learn to be content with what you have, you probably won’t have to take a second job or spend your weekend in the office. Second, regular exercise will help relieve your stress. No matter how busy you are, find time to play some games, preferably with your family and kids. Third, you should learn to relax. The world won’t come to an end if you stop and smell the roses on the roadside. By so doing, you’ll find yourself with enhanced physical strength and mental vigor and your capability to cope with change and stress will improve enormously. Qualities of Top Research Workers There is no denying that distinguished top research workers should be learned and creative. But at the same time they should have some special qualities: cooperative, moral and responsible. A s a respectable researcher, he should be cooperative, that’s to say, he has to be on good terms with other researchers. Cooperation and mutual trust are very critical for scientific achievements. An eminent researcher should be moral, namely, he makes sure that his knowledge is used to bring benefits to the general public rather than to make his personal gains. If researchers working in the nuclear field are evil-minded and use the technology for some personal interest, then the world will get