(完整word版)初中现在完成时讲解练习

现在完成时精讲和专练

I.定义：

表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态

II.现在完成时的结构

简略答语:

注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。

如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。

III.现在完成时的标志

1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响, 现在完成时通常和，ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, since，for，in the past/last few years（在过去几年）, already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently（近来）等词连用

说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如：

I have already finished my homework.

I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?

They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里)

I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿)

I can’t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.

2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手。

①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）为标志

注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等;

2)不能与when连用

IV.现在完成时的用法

A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如：

The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）

Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）

B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如：

My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.

我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。

Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002.

自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。

How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？

注意：

例如：(1)这本书我已经买了三个月了。

错误：I have bought the book for three months.

正确：I have had the book for three months.

(2)你哥哥参军多长时间了？

错误：How long has your brother joined the army?

正确：How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?

延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换

leave --- be away

borrow --- keep

buy --- have

die --- be dead

begin/start --- be on

finish --- be over

fall ill ---be ill

get up---be up

catch a cold --- have a cold put on→ wear

come/become/go --- be here

fall asleep --- be asleep

get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in)

get to know --- know

join----be a member of ... (成为…的一员)

open ---be open

close ---be closed

用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”。如：

He has been in the Green China for three years.

He has been a member of the Green China for three years.

他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。

The old man died 4 years ago.---- The old man has been dead for 4 years.

He joined the Party 2 years ago.---- He has been in the Party for 2 years.

I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days.

表示时间段的短语有:

for+一段时间(for 2 years), since+从句(since he came here), since+时间点名词( since last year, since 5 days ago),how long; for a long time等。

V.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别

1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

I saw this film yesterday.（强调动作发生的时间是yesterday 。）

I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）

2一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：…ago, last week/...

In 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday, yesterday ...

Then(那时),that day, one day, once(从前)

现在完成时常和recently（近来），ever, never, twice, so far（到目前为止）, since，for，in the past/last few years , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）连用。现在完成时不与表示过去的时间状语连用。

现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.

VI.比较since和for

since 后接时间点，for后接时间段，试比较：

I have lived here for more than twenty years.

I have lived here since I was born.

My aunt has worked in a company since 1949.

I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.

VII.比较have/has been to、have/has gone to 和have been in

have(has) been to...表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice等连用。have(has) gone to表示“已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”。have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等He went to Shanghai last week 上周他去了上海

He has been to Shanghai.

他(曾经)到/去过上海.(但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了)

He has gone to Shanghai.

他已经去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里)

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.

布朗先生来上海已经有三天了

语法练习

I.延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化

1.He died 10 years ago. ——He ______________ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.

2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. ——He _____________the book for 2 weeks.

3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ——He ___________the motorbike for a month.

4. He arrived here three days ago.—He ____________here since three days ago.

5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. ——The light __________for 2 hours.

6. He left here 2 years ago.———He ____________from here for 2 years.

7. The film began 30 minutes ago. ——The film __________ for 30 minutes.

8. They opened the door an hour ago. ——The door __________ for an hour.

9. They closed the door an hour ago. ——The door ___________for an hour.

10. He joined the army last year. ——He _____________ a _______ for a year.

He _____________ the army for a year.

It ____ a year ____ he joined the army.

II.单项选择。

( )1.The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .

Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written ( )2.Have you met Mr. Li ____？

Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago ( )3.—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .

Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived ( )4.—Our country ____ a lot so far .

—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .

Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed; better ( )5.—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.

Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finished

Ｃ.Have; done; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish

( )6.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew

( )7.Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.

Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see

( )8.—These farmers have been to the United States .

—Really? When _____ there ?

Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone ( )9.Z hou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .

Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are; studying ( )10.His father ______ the Party since 1998 .

Ａ.joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in ( )11.—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .

Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made ( )12.He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ?

Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still

( )13.Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began

( )14.It ___ ten years since he left the army .

Ａ. Is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was ( )15.Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.

Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been

( )16.My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.

Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been toＣ. have gone to Ｄ. have been ( )17.The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?

A. so they

B. don’t they

C. have they

D. haven’t they ( )18.has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he to China?

A. How soon, comes

B. How often, got

C. How long, came

D. How far, arrived

( )19.His uncle for more than 9 years.

A. has come here

B. has started to work

C. has lived there

D. has left the university

二、句型转换。

1、He has never surfed, ____________ ?（改成附加疑问句）

2、They have been here since 2001. (提问) ___________ have they been here?

3、The old man _________ last year. He ____________for a year. (die) （动词填空）

4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)

This factory ____________________ for twenty years.

5、Miss Green left an hour ago. (同义句转换)

Miss Green ____________________ an hour ago.

6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）

Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .

三、汉译英。

1、他昨天收到一封信。________________________________________________

2、我父亲以前到过长城。_______________________________________________

4、她去过上海。______________________________________________________

5、他这些天上哪儿去了？____________________________________

现在完成时练习：一、单项选择。

10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?

—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

A.Did ; do ; finished

B.Have ; done ; finished

C.Have ; done ; have finished

D.will ; do ; finish

11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A. joined

B. has joined

C. was in

D. has been in

12、—Do you know him well ?

—Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .

A. were

B. have been

C. have become

D. have made

21.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

22. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.

A. joined

B. have joined

C. have been in

23.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.

A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened

24.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.

A. have made

B. have been

C. made

D. have become

26.The meeting _____ for a week now.

A. has finished

B. has ended

C. has been over

27.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.

A. has been in

B. has come to

C. has taught

30. How long _______ he ________ ?

A. died

B. has, died

C. has, been dead

31. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.

A. slept

B. was sleeping

C. has sleep

D. had slept

32.He ________ the car for a week.

A. bought

B. has bought

C. has had

33.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks.

A. did fall

B. have, fell

C. have, been

35.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.

A. borrow

B. keep

C. take

40.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks.

A. borrow

B. lend

C. get

D. keep

二、句型转换。

1、He has never surfed, ______?（改成反意疑问句）

4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)

This factory ______ for twenty years.

6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）

Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .

7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)

_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.

一、用过去时或现在完成时填空：

1. “_________ you __________ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.”

“When ________ you __________ (have) it?”“I ____________ (have) it at 12:00.”

2. “_________ you __________ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”

“Yes, I ___________. I ________________ (write) one last week.”

3. “_________ he ___________ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”

4. “_________ they ever __________ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”

5. Your father _________ just ___________ (finish) his work.

6. Your father _________ (finish) his work just now.

7. Last term I __________ (learn) many English words.

8. They ____________ (not read) the interesting books yet.

9. He _____________ never ____________ (go) to the science museum.

10. ____________ you ever ____________ (drink) coke?

11.Have you _____________ (buy) a dictionary? “ “Yes, I __________ .”

“Where______ you ___________(buy) it?” “ I _________(buy) it in a bookstore.”

“When ___________ you _____________ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”

二、用since和for填空

1. ______ two years

2._______ two years ago

3. _______ last month

4.______ 1999

5._______ yesterday

6. _______ 4 o’clock

7. ______ 4 hours 9. _______ we were children

11.______ she left here

12. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.

13. I’ve known him __________ we were children.

14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.

15. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.

16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.

三、用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。

1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.

2) David ________ the park just now.

3) John _______ England since he came back.

4) How long _____ have _____ this village?

5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.

6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.

7) I _____ this school since three years ago.

8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.

9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.

10) Would you like to _____ the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before.

11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ the zoo.

12) He often _____ swimming.

13) _____ you ______ there last year?

14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter?

四、综合练习:

I. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空

1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.

2. Jack has _________ finished his homework ________ an hour ago.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.

4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”

5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”

初中英语现在完成时详解

现在完成时 一、现在完成时构成 构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下： 1、现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2、表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。 She has been with us since Monday.

①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来） ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句（过去时） ⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时） Mary has been ill?for three days. I have lived here?since 1998. 注意： since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。3、表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 4、has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in)?的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场，可能在路上和已经到) Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方） My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai?for two months. /since two months ago. 5、现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。不能与when连用。

初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解

初中现在完成时态讲 解带练习

一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式： 助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达.

4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词

现在完成时练习题及答案(精华版)

现在完成时 （1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、 1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday. ★注意： 1）since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为： He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes. 3）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用“have (has) gone”。试比较： Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在） They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大） They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）. 4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。 I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。 Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。

初中现在完成时讲解和练习

现在完成时讲解和练习 I.定义： 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2.也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态 II. 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。 如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。 III.现在完成时的时间状语 1.ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, by now, up to now, up to the present , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently（近来）等词连用 2.Since+时间点，since+从句(since he came here), for+时间段，in the past/last few years 表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。 说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如： I have already finished my homework. I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet? They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里) I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿) I can’t find my watch now. I t hink I have already lost it. 注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 IV.现在完成时的用法 A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如： The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。 Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。 How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？ 用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for＋时间段”或“since＋时 间点”。如： He has been in the Green China for three years. He has been a member of the Green China for three years. 他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。 The old man died 4 years ago.---- The old man has been dead for 4 years. He joined the Party 2 years ago.---- He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days. V.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别 1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 I saw this film yesterday.（强调动作发生的时间是yesterday 。）

【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习(1)

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《现在完成时》单元测试题(含答案)

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中考现在完成时讲解

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初中英语现在完成时讲解学案

完成时态 1. 用法：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果 E.g： Yesterday I finished my homework, that’s to say, I have finished my homework now. ②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续 E.g.:： I have lived here since 1990. 2. 现在完成时的构成have\has+过去分词 3. 现在完成时的四个基本句型 肯定句He has finished the work. 一般疑问句Has he finished the work? 否定句He has not finished the work. 两回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t. 特殊疑问句What has he done? 4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时 (1)九词语 ①already已经肯定句中或句尾 e.g.: I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already. ②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾

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初中现在完成时和过去完成时讲解及综合练习

一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before.

现在完成时练习题及答案

现在完成时 一、其构成 "助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如： 1. Kate's never seen Chinese films，____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写，故选B。 2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句) His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn't, yet。 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析："so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。 二、其用法与标志词 (一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如： 1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -___________ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed 析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。 (二)当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如： 1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。 2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D。3. I______a letter from him since he left. A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard 析：据since可知，应排除A、C，"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信"，故选B。 三、have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如： 1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为"去某地了"，C项意为"一直呆在某地"，D项意为"去过某地"，符合题意，故选D。 2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 析：本题句中有"for+段时间"结构，据此可排除C，B项意为"去过某地"，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。 四、现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如： 1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子) 析：非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句) ________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city. 析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。 3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket. A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming 析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。 一、单项选择 1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _______what’s happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ. will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he?

[精]中考英语-现在完成时练习题及答案详解

现在完成时练习题及答案详解 单项选择。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him. A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D. still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______? A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past twoyear . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .

—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . A. has changed ; well B. changed ;good C. has changed ; better D. changed ;better 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ;studied D. are ; studying 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A.know B. had known C.have known D. knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see 9、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really ? When _____ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?

八年级下现在完成时全面知识点

八年级下现在完成时全 面知识点 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

一现在完成时概念及用法： 1 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和just（刚刚）， already（已经），yet（已经），never（从不），ever （曾经），before（以前），so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。 2 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，还有可能继续下去，常和 for或since引导的时间状语连用。此时的动词必须是延续性动词。 构成：have/ has(助动词)+V过去分词 肯定句：主语+ have/ has+V过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+ have/ has+not+V过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：have/ has+主语+ +V过去分词+其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ have/ has. 否定回答：No, 主语+ haven’t/ hasn’t. 3 常用标志词语 already, never, ever, just, before, so far, yet ,since+过去的时间点,for+一段时间等 already常用于肯定句；yet用于否定句和疑问句。 二常用句型结构辨析 （一）have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in 辨析： ⑴ have/ has been to + 地名“曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。 He has been to England twice．他曾经去过英国两次。(现在已经不在英国了) Have you ever been to the Great Wall你到过长城吗（现在已经不在长城上） ⑵have gone to + 地名“已经去某地了”，说话时该人不在现场。 He has gone to England。他已去英国了。 (已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上) ⑶ have been in +地点待在某地，常与时间段搭配。 I have been in Shanghai for three years. （二）since与for区别： 1）for其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短语，可用于多种时态。表示动作或状态持续的时间长短； since其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句（一般过去时）；也可以接“一段时间+ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型“It’s+时间段+since+一般过去时态的句子”。表示过去某个时间发生并持续至说话时的动作或状态。 I’ve lived in this city for five years. He usually sleeps for 12 hours every day. We’ve studied here since 2009. She has worked here for five years. It’s two years since I came to China. 练习：用since 和for填空 1.Jim has been in Ireland last Monday.