初中现在完成时态讲解带练习

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一.现在完成时的含义及用法

1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。

2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

现在完成时的基本句型：

肯定式：

主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.

否定式:

主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.

疑问式：

助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?

用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。

Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)

I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)

I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容)

I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)

此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。

already: 常用于肯定句中.

yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经

1.你已经找到你的书了吗?

2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子.

3.Judy还没到达.

4.你吃过早饭了吗?

用法②

现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

She has learned English for 5 years.

He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born .

Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock?

for+ 时间段

since+时间点, since+ 句子

①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years.

②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month.

③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month .

④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday.

⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long time .

⑥She hasn’t h ad a good cup of coffee ____ years.

⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.

二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较

have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。

have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。

have been in“呆在某处一段时间了”

三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词

瞬间动词：borrow, die, join, begin, start, finish, end, leave, buy, arrive, come

在现在完成时的肯定句中，瞬间动词不能与表示短时间的句子连用，否定句中可以。

瞬间动词若要连用可替换成别的表达方式:

的一般过去时句型

1.瞬间动词可用于“段时间+ ago ”　

2.瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语.与段时间连用

动作状态

die Be dead

Borrow/buy Keep/had

leave Be away

arrive Be here

begin Be on

End/finish Be over

join Be in

marry Be married

例句：

①他的爷爷已经去世2年了。

②Nick 参军3年了.

③他离开深圳好长时间了。

④这本书我已借了4个月了.

1. The famous writer _____ a new book in the past two year .

Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written

2. Have you met Mr. Li ____？

Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago

3.How long have you ____ here ? — About two months .

Ａbeen Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived

4. —Our country ____ a lot so far . —Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .

Ａ. has changed; well Ｂ. changed; good Ｃ. has changed; better Ｄ. changed; better

5. —______ you ___ your homework yet ? Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.

Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finished Ｃ.Have; done; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish 6. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. Knew

7. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.

Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see

——Really? When _____ there ?

8.These farmers have been to the United States .

Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone

9. Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .

Ａ. was studying Ｂ. will study Ｃ. has studied Ｄ. are; studying 10.His father ______ the Party since 1998 .

Ａ.joined Ｂ.has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in

11.—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago

Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made

12. He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ?

Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still

13. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began

14. It ___ ten years since he left the army .

Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was

15. Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.

Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been

16. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.

Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been

17. The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?

they

they C. have they D. h aven’ｔ

A. so they

B. don’ｔ

答案:

一．

用法①

Have you found your book yet?

They have built many buildings in this city.

Judy hasn’t arrived yet.

Have you had breakfast ?

用法②

For; since; for; since; for; for; since

三．

①His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.

It is 2 years since his grandpa died.

②Nick has been in the army for 3 years.

It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.

③He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.

It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.

④I have had/kept the book for 4 months.

It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .

选择题：

1-5 DCACB

6-10 CBBCD

11-15 BBCAA

16-17 BD

初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解

初中现在完成时态讲 解带练习

一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式： 助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达.

4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词

八年级英语下册-现在完成时态的讲解与练习-人教新目标版

现在完成时讲解与练习 1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和 主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗我刚刚吃过。（现 在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等 表示一段时间的状语。\ 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 3．结构 1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=h aven’t has not=hasn’t. 2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它 eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet --Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet. （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4.现在完成时的时间状语 （1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾经去过长城吗 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如： I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。 d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如 -Have you met him today-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗我没有。 How many times have you been there this year 今年你去过那里多少次 （2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始， 一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与 表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动 词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out → be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work →work等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。

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--- Where ________ you _______ (see) it? 6. We (hold) a sports meeting next week. 7. Shanghai _______ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it __ _ (become) a large city. 8. I __________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999. 9. So far I ______________(make) quite a few friends here. 10. How long ___ __ the Smiths ____(stay)here? ---- For two weeks. 11. What he (do) at 8:00 last night? 12. Mum (cook) when I got home yesterday. 13. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I ___________ (see) it with my parents. We _________ (see) it last Sunday. 14. The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 15. __ ____ you ____ ___ (read) today’s newspaper yet? 16. They _ _ ___already___ __(do) their homework. 17.--- Where is Jim?--- He ___ __ (water) the flowers in the garden. 18. She ____________ (be) ill for three days. I’m sorry to heat that. 19. A squirrel (hide) itself if it (feel) dangerous. 20.---What Tom (do) now? ---He (work) on a maths problem. --- He (work) it out? ---No, not yet. I (think) he (work) it out soon. 21. --- I (hear) a lot about Hong Kong Disneyland recently. --- Next time you go to Hong Kong, I will take you there.

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现在完成时 一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响 表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去 表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。 二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的， 其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。 如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。 友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型 原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut

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现在完成时态讲解

语法探知：现在完成时态 一、掌握结构：助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词 二、掌握用法： 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与一些时间状语，如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice （次数）等连用，也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语，如these days, today, recently, this year, so far(=by now)等连用. e.g. I have already posted the letter. (信已经不在我这儿了) 2.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在,也许还将继续下去,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用,即for +时间段，since+时间点/从句, in(during) the last(past) ten years等，谓语只可用延续性动词。 我们知道英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的，终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或短暂性动词),如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等,表示动作在一瞬间之内就能完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+段时间，since+点时间/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。（但在否定句中短暂性动词可以与for和since短语连用。） 如：They’ve left London for five days. (×) They’ve been away from London for five days. (√) 三、掌握短暂性动词如何转换成延续性动词 常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的对应关系如下: come/go/arrive/get/reach/move—be in/at open—be open die—be dead close—be closed become—be borrow—keep begin/start—be on put on—wear leave—-be away (from) buy—have fall asleep(ill)—be asleep(ill) end/finish—-be over catch a cold—have a cold join the army—be in the army/ be a soldier join the Party—be in the Party/ be a Party member get to do —do (get to know—know) get married —be married get up —be up begin to do —do (begin to study—study)

初中现在完成时态讲解带练习

精品文档 一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式： 主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式： 助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达. 4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点, since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long time . ⑥She hasn’t h ad a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.

初中英语完成时态讲义+习题

语法专项二十三——现在完成时 一、过去分词 1、概念：过去分词是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动 词表。 2、过去分词变化规则： 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： 。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式） (1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed ” work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited 。 结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d ” (2)以不发音的“e” live---lived---lived (3)以“辅音字母+ y ” 。 结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ed ” study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,try---tried---tried,fry---fried---fried. 。 (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ” stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped 不规则动词，见不规则表 （1）AAA型：即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共8个 cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let put—put—put read—read—read set-set-set （2）ABB型：过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个） 1）．过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。（4个） bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought think—thought—thought fight—fought—fought 2）．词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个） build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3）．过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。（2个） catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4）．把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。（4个） keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept feel—felt— felt 5）．把-ell变为-old。（2个） tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6）．把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（2个） smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt 7）．把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。（3个） feed—fed—fed lead—led—led meet—met—met 8）．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（4个） learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant burn—burnt—burnt dream—dreamt—dreamt 9）．过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（4个） say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 10）．改变元音字母。（9个） meet—met—met feed—fed—fed get—got—got sit—sat—sat find—found—found hold—held—held win—won—won lose—lost—lost stick—stuck—stuck 11）．改变辅音字母。（4个） make—made—made build—built—built send—sent—sent spend—spent—spent 12）．改变元、辅音字母。（4个） leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have/has—had—had understand—understood—understood

现在完成时态讲解及练习

现在完成时态讲解及练习 一、现在完成时的构成 肯定句：主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它 He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years. 一般疑问句：Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它 Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它 He has not finished his homework. 过去分词的构成方法如下 : 1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 –ed. work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加 –d. Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided 3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。则将y 改i 加ed. study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied 4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加 –ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped 不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表 一、AAA. （原形，过去式和过去分词一致） 二、ABB （过去式和过去分词一致） 3) 过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d 6） 过去式、过去分词改为-elt

二、现在完成时标志词： recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚)

(word完整版)初中现在完成时态的讲解及习题

现在完成时的讲解和练习题 一、构成：主语+ have/has + 过去分词+其他 否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。 疑问式:Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他? 简略答语: (肯定)Yes, 主语+ have/has. (否定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't. 二、用法：现在完成时既涉及过去，又联系现在 （一）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态 常与just（刚刚），already（已经），never（从来没有），ever（曾经），before（以前），yet（仍然，还），once（一次），twice（两次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次），so far（迄今为止），up to now ,till now 等时间状语连用。如： ※副词的位置：①just常用于肯定句中，放在have / has后，He has just come . ②never表示否定,放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall. ③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has＋主语＋ever＋过去分词？“…曾经……过吗？”用于询问某人 过去的经历。Have you ever been to the farm？ （二）：表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语有： ①for＋表示一段时间的词语I have taught English for 19 years。 ②since＋表示过去时间点的词语He has been at this school since 1986. ③since＋表示过去的时间状语从句I have lived here since I was born. ④since＋一段时间＋ago. I have known him since 20 years ago. 三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语（for，since，how long, all one’s life）连用的动词必须用延 续性动词（肯定句）。如：be，have，know，live，work，study，learn，teach，keep，speak，talk，draw，wait，wear，walk，sleep，drive，write，do，clean等。非延续性动词，又叫瞬间动词，短暂性动词如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等，表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成，不能再延续，所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用 Eg. I have been a teacher for nearly 20 years. How long has he lived here? He has died. 常见终止性动词和延续性动词的相应转换形式如下: 1、borrow / lend→keep, 2、buy→have, 3、finish / end→be over,

【英语】初中英语现在完成时专题训练答案

【英语】初中英语现在完成时专题训练答案 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．A number of tourists _____ Yangzhou many times because such a beautiful city. A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：很多游客多次去过扬州，因为它是如此美丽的一个城市。have been to，表示去过某个地方，have gone to，表示去了某地，还没回来。many times是很多次，游客们应该是去过很多次，用have/has been to+地点，由于主语是复数，助动词用have，故选A。 【点评】考查现在完成时，注意have been to表示去过回来了，have gone to表示去了还没回来。 2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go. A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。 【点评】考查动词时态。根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。 3．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 4．I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。句意是：自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。

初中现在完成时讲解和练习_

现在完成时 定义： 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2.也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态 现在完成时的结构 have/has+ done () 如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。现在完成时的时间状语 ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently（近来）等词连用 2.Since+时间点，for+时间段，in the past/last few years 说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如： I have already finished my homework. I haven't finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet? They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里) I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿) I can't find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.

注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 现在完成时的用法 1 / 12 A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如： The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。 Mr. Black has lived in since 2002. 自从____年Mr. Black 一直住在xx。How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？ 用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”。如： He has been in the Green China for three years. He has been a member of the Green China for three years.他加入“绿色

现在完成时态和过去完成时态1

现在完成时态和过去完成时态 一．现在完成时态： 1．定义：表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 2．构成：助动词Have (has) +动词的过去分词 注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。 如：He has come here for ten years. (他来这里已经有十年了。) He hasn’t come here for ten years. (他来这里没有十年。) Has he come here for ten years? (他来这里已经有十年了吗？) Yes, he has. （是的, 有十年了。）No, he hasn’t.（不，没有十年。） 3．可与现在完成时态连用的词语 1）可与宾语从句连用，后接的宾语从句可以用任何时态。 如：Have you known how big the box is? 你知道这个盒子有多大吗？ 2）与时间状语连用。它可以和包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如：today (今天), this week （这个星期）, now（现在）, this year（今年）, often (经常)，sometimes（有时候）。 如：Have you seen him today? 你今天见过他吗？ He has lived here for five years now. 到现在他已经在这里住了五年了。 3）与since（自…以来）, for（经历）, before (在…前), after（在…后）等引导的短语或从句连用。 Since 后面跟具体的时间，或者后面跟一个从句。 如：He has lived here since 1970.（自从1970年以来他就住在这里。） He has lived here since he came here.（自从他来这里以来就住在这里。） For后面接表示一段时间的短语。 They have been here for two years.（他们在这里两年了）。 After I have had supper, I often do homework. （我常常吃完晚饭后做作业。） 4）与already（已经）, yet（还，然而）, just (正好) ，never （从不），in the past（在过去），recently（最近），ever（曾经），several times（几次），lately（近来）等笼统地表示过去的时间状语连用。 He has already been there twice. (他已经去那里两次了。) Yet 一般和否定句连用。如：The train hasn’t gone yet.（火车还没走呢。） 5）have (has) been to和have (has) gone to 的用法 have (has) been to 表示曾经去过某地。have (has) gone to表示某人去了某地，指说话人不在现场。 如：I have been to Australia. (我去过澳大利亚。) My mother has gone to Shanghai. （我妈妈去上海了。） 4．使用现在完成时态的注意事项 1）一般过去时态单纯叙述过去的事情，而现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。如：I saw a film yesterday.（昨天我看了一部电影。过去时态） I have seen the film。（我曾经看过这部电影。现在完成时态） 2）现在完成时态不能与表示过去的时间状语同用，如：just now (刚才)，a moment ago (刚才) ，yesterday (昨天)，last year (去年)，如果使用这些时间状语时，就要用过去时态。 如：I went to the park yesterday. （我昨天去了公园。） 5．过去分词的构成：

初中现在完成时和过去完成时讲解及综合练习

一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before.