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2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit8

Unit 8 The Great Minds

The Great Minds

名人名言部分补充make A of B

A famous quote

A pessimist makes difficulties of his opportunities; an optimist makes opportunities of his difficulties. ----Harry S. Truman

悲观者让机会沦为困难；乐观者把困难铸成机会。----杜鲁门

make A of B

make a success of one's career

make a musician of the little boy

The father exposed his son to music when he was still a little child becaused he wanted to make a musician of him.

expose sb. / oneself to sth.

Don't expose yourself to the strong sunlight, or you will get sunburnt.

联想：sunburnt / suntanned

gain exposure to sth.

make a footballer of Tom

make a mess of the account

I. New words and expressions

精选文库New words

1. wrap v. 用…缠绕（或围紧）

2. scenario n. 设想；方案；预测

3. explanation n. 解释；说明

explain

explanatory

4. uneventful adj. 平淡无奇的；平凡的；缺乏刺激的

5. pregnancy n. 怀孕；妊娠；孕期

6. imperfect adj. 有缺陷的；不完全的；不完美的

perfect

perfection

联想：impossible, impolite, imbalanced, immobile, immature （注意：unbiased, unmoving）

7. abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的；变态的；畸形的

normal

联想：typical-atypical

symmetry-asymmetry

symmetrical-asymmetrical

8. massive adj. 巨大的；非常严重的

9. disability n.（某种）缺陷，障碍

able

ability

精选文库unable

10. limbless adj. 无四肢的

11. inspire v. 激励；鼓舞（用法参考Unit 5, Text A）

inspiration （形近词参考Unit 4，Text A）

inspiring

12. adapt v. 适应（新情况）

adapt oneself to sth.

13. accomplish v. 完成

14. limb n. 肢；臂；腿

15. campaign 运动（为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）

16. fulfill v. 实现；履行

fulfill one's dream / word / requirement

fulfilling使人满足的，令人愉快的

fulfillment 履行；满足；成就

17. motivational adj. 鼓舞的

18. circumstance n. 命运；客观环境

19. wholeheartedly adv. 全心全意地

20. effective adj. 产生预期结果的；有效的

比较：efficient

ineffective, inefficient

21. altitude n. 海拔；海拔高度

altitude sickness

区分：attitude

22. engagement n. 约定；约会；预约

23. congregation n. （教堂的）会众

24. audience n. 观众；听众

25. vision n. 想象力；眼力；远见卓识

26. outreach n. 外展服务

27. perspective n. 态度；观点；思考方法

28. cease v. （使）停止，终止，结束

29. obstacle n. 障碍；阻碍；绊脚石

30. illustrate v. （用示例、图画等）说明，解释

31. profound adj. 巨大的；深切的；深远的

32. persistence n. 坚持；锲而不舍

persist (in)

persistent

33. paralyze v. 使瘫痪；使麻痹

34. oftentimes adv. 常常

35. trick n. 戏法；把戏

tricky

36. blend n. （不同事物的）和谐结合，融合

37. perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神（偶见perseverence，但很少使用）persevere

perseverant （偶见perseverent，但很少使用）

38. define v. 阐明；明确；界定

definition

definite 明确的，确定的

39. incredible adj. 不能相信的；难以置信的

unbelievable

40. captivate v. 迷住；使着迷

Phrases and Expressions

1. a walk of life行业；职业；地位；阶层

line of work

2. major in主修

3. stress the importance of 强调…的重要性

4. at one's disposal 任某人处理；供某人任意使用

5. poke fun at 拿…开心；奚落；嘲笑

6. show off 炫耀；卖弄

II. Text Learning

Life Without Limits

①Imagine being born without arms. No arms to wrap around someone, no hands to experience touch, or to hold another hand with. Or what about being born without legs? Having no ability to dance, walk, run, or even stand on two feet. Now put both of those scenarios（设想）together: no arms and no legs. What would you do? How would that effect your everyday life?

②Born in 1982 in Melbourne, Australia, without any medical explanation or warning, Nicholas Vujicic came into the world with neither arms nor legs. (1)Having had an uneventful pregnancy and no family history to expect this condition, imagine the shock his parents felt when they saw their first born, brand new baby boy, only to find he was what the world would consider imperfect and abnormal. How would their son live a normal happy life? What could he ever do or become when living with what the world would see as such a massive disability（严重残疾）? (2)Little did they or anyone know that this beautiful limbless baby would one day be someone who would inspire and motivate people from all walks of life, touching lives all over the world.

本部分重点及难点：

1. Having had an uneventful（平凡的）pregnancy and no family history to expect this condition, imagine the shock his parents felt when they saw their first born, brand new baby boy, only to find he was what the world would consider imperfect and abnormal.

(1) 悬垂分词。建议换成：Having had an uneventful pregnancy and no family history to expect this condition, his parents felt great shock when they saw …. Can you imagine the shock?

以下是可以接受的悬垂分词形式：

Strictly speaking, nobody is allowed in here.

Judging from his accent, he must be from the South.

经常这样用的分词(分词词组)有：frankly (broadly, generally, strictly…) speaking, judging from / by…,talking about…,speaking of…等。

某些句子中作状语的分词的逻辑主语虽然不是句子的主语，但可能是句中的另外某一成分，对这样的句子也可以不认为是"悬垂分词"。课文中的这个句子属于这种情况。再如：

Seeing her health sinking rapidly, alarm clutched the father's heart. 她父亲看到她健康迅速恶化，很是惊慌。

切记：该结构应慎用。

(2) only to find…不定式表示结果。不定式表结果时通常前面需要加only,表示出乎意料的不希望看到的结果。例如：

They rushed to the cinema, only to find the tickets left at home.

They hurried back home, only to find the door locked.

They went to the hospital without any delay, only to be told their beloved grandpa had already passed away.

(3) what the world would consider作插入语

(4) 译文：在经历了一段平静无事的孕期，而且没有任何家族病史预示的情况下，我们可以想象得到当时他的父母看到这个刚出生的小男孩时会是多么地震惊，只知道他就是世人所说的缺陷和不正常。

2. Little did they or anyone know that this beautiful limbless baby would one day be someone who would inspire and motivate people from all walks of life, touching lives all over the world.

(1) 否定词放在句首句子倒装，如rarely, seldom, in no case, by no means, little, hardly等。

(2) who would inspire and motivate people from all walks of life定语从句，先行词是someone。

(3) touching lives all over the world 现在分词作状语，修饰inspire and motivate people。

(4) 译文：当时他们不知道而且也没有任何一个人知道，这个漂亮的无手足的小男孩有一天会启

发激励社会各阶层的人，并且感动全世界的人们。

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】16. He returned to work after recovery from his illness, _______ another

employee had taken his place.

?A．only to tell

?B．only to be told

?C．only to be telling

?D．to be told

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查不定式表示结果。不定式表结果时通常前面需要加only，表示出乎意料的不希望看到的结果。本句的意思是"他生病痊愈返回了工作岗位，结果却被告知另一个雇员接替了他的岗位"，故选B。

【知识点】不定式表示结果

③As Nick grew up he learned to deal with his disability and started to be able to do

more and more things on his own. He adapted to his situation and found ways to accomplish tasks that most people could only do by using their limbs, such as cleaning teeth, brushing hair, typing on a computer, swimming, playing sports, and much

more. As time went by, Nick began to embrace his situation and achieve greater things.

（承上启下句）In grade seven Nick was elected captain of his school and worked with the student council（学生会）on various fund-raising events for local charities and

disability campaigns.

④After school Nick went on with further study and obtained a double bachelor degree majoring in accounting and financial planning. By the age of 19, Nick started to fulfill his dream of encouraging others by sharing his story through motivational speaking（励志演讲）. He found the purpose of his existence, and also the purpose of his circumstance. Nick wholeheartedly believes that there is a purpose in each of the struggles we encounter in our lives and that our attitude towards those struggles can be the single most effective factor in overcoming them.

⑤Now at 27 years old, this limbless young man has accomplished more than most people even twice his age. Nick recently made the massive move from Brisbane, Australia to California, USA, where he is the president of an international non-profit organization（非盈利组织）, and also has his own motivational speaking company, Attitude Is Altitude. Since his first motivational speaking engagement（演讲）back when he was 19, Nick has traveled around the world, sharing his story with millions of people, speaking to a range of different groups such as students, teachers, youth, business men and women, entrepreneurs, and church congregations of all sizes. People ask Nick, "How can you smile?" (3)Then they realize there's got to be something more to life than meets the eye if a guy without arms and legs is living a fuller life.

本部分重点及难点：

3. Then they realize there's got to be something more to life than meets the eye if a guy without arms and legs is living a fuller life.

(1) There is something to / in sth. ……有意义，有道理

(2) live a full life 生活充实

(3) 译文：接着他们意识到，如果一个没有四肢的人过得比普通人更充实，那么人生的含义必定超出了我们目光所及的范畴。

⑥Nick shares with his audiences the importance of vision and dreaming big. Using his own experiences in worldwide outreach as examples, he challenges others to examine their perspective and look beyond their circumstances. (4)He shares his view of ceasing to see obstacles as problems, but instead begin to see them as opportunities to grow and reach out to others. (5)He stresses the importance of our attitude being the most powerful tool we have at our disposal and illustrates how the choices we make can have a profound effect on our lives and the lives of those around us. (6)Nick shows through his own life that the major keys in fulfilling our biggest dreams are persistence and choosing to embrace failure as a learning experience, rather than allowing the guilt and fear of failure to paralyze us.

本部分重点及难点：

4. He shares his view of ceasing to see obstacles as problems, but instead begin to see them as opportunities to grow and reach out to others.

(1) cease to do sth. 停止做某事，不再做某事

(2) see…as…: look on / upon …as, view…as, regard…as

(3) reach out to 伸手以抓到、触到或拿到某物

We must reach out to those in need. 我们应该伸出援手，去帮助有困难的人。

本句reach out to others意为"求助于某人"

(4) 译文：他与大家一起分享停止把阻碍看作是麻烦、困难，相反，应该把它们看作是自身成长并接触他人向他人学习的机会。

5. He stresses the importance of our attitude being the most powerful tool we have at our disposal and illustrates how the choices we make can have a profound effect on our lives and the lives of those around us.

(1) at our disposal任某人处理；供某人任意使用

disposal是dispose的名词形式，意为"支配，处理"。

联想：al为名词后缀，再如：arrive-arrival, survive-survival, approve-approval, disapprove-disapproval, dismiss-dismissal, deny-denial, refuse-refusal等。

(2) have a profound effect on sth. 对……产生深远的影响

(3) 译文：他强调态度是我们可以支配的最强大的工具，阐明了我们作出的选择如何对我们自身乃至周围人的生活产生深远的影响。

6. Nick shows through his own life that the major keys in fulfilling our biggest dreams are persistence and choosing to embrace failure as a learning experience, rather than allowing the guilt and fear of failure to paralyze us.

(1) through his own life作状语，修饰show。show的宾语是由that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的主干是the major keys are persistence and choosing to …, rather than allowing…。

(2) embrace failure as a learning experience 欢迎失败，把它看成是学习的体验

(3) rather than 相当于instead of "而不是"

(4) rather than allowing the guilt and fear of failure to paralyze us 而不是被失败和恐惧所打倒

(5)译文：尼克用他的人生来告诉我们实现远大梦想最关键的就是坚持不懈和选择拥抱失败，把它看作是一次学习的机会，而非容忍失败带来的内疚和恐惧使我们瘫痪、麻痹。

⑦How does Nick Vujicic feel about his disability now? He accepts it, embraces it and oftentimes pokes fun at his own circumstance as he shows off his many tricks.

He meets challenges with his special blend of humor, perseverance and faith, always encouraging those around him to examine their perspective as they develop and define their vision. (7)Using those new definitions he challenges each person he meets to make changes in their lives so that they can begin the path to fulfilling their biggest dreams. (8)Through his amazing ability to connect with people from all walks of life and his incredible sense of humor that captivates children, teens and adults alike, Nick is a truly inspirational motivational speaker.

本部分重点及难点：

7. Using those new definitions he challenges each person he meets to make changes in their lives so that they can begin the path to fulfilling their biggest dreams.

(1) using those new definitions 分词作状语

(2) challenge sb. to do sth. 刺激某人做某事

(3) begin the path to fulfilling their biggest dreams 开始踏上实现人生梦想的征程

(4) 译文：采用这些新的定义，尼克鼓励每个人勇于面对并改变生活，以便他们开始完成人生梦想的征程。

8. Through his amazing ability to connect with people from all walks of life and his incredible sense of humor that captivates children, teens and adults alike, Nick is a truly inspirational motivational speaker.

(1) 句子的主干是Nick is a truly inspirational motivational speaker.。through…作状语

(2) alike: adv. in the same way 同样地

例如：treat everybody exactly alike 一视同仁

The climate here is always hot, summer and winter alike.

his incredible sense of humor that captivates children, teens and adults alike 他惊人的幽默感令孩子、青少年和成年人都着迷

(3) 译文：通过与人们沟通的惊人能力和令人难以置信的幽默，尼克深受孩子、青少年和成年人的喜爱，尼克成了真正的使人倍受鼓舞的演说家。

III. 部分练习讲解

P256 Bridging the Gap

Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.

解题方法：把词分类

动词名词形容词副词介词连词

mark mark confused intentionally as opposed to even if confused potential likely

known potential

called upon natural

Gifts are those talents and abilities that flow almost effortlessly from us. Gifts are sometimes 1 confused with skills. While skills can be developed, gifts are something we are born with - they are what we discover as we try new things and find that some things are as2 natural to us as breathing.

When we 3 intentionally make a decision to create our life and work based on our gifts, we're not only more 4 likely to succeed, but can also more thoroughly enjoy the journey toward creating and realizing our full 5 potential .

Take inventory of（评估）your life to determine where you are utilizing learned and developed skills 6 as opposed to expressing and honoring your innate（与生俱来的）gifts. Are you operating based on what you think you "ought" to be doing or are you living an authentic life that is rich and fulfilling?

7 Even if you are not in a place to pursue a new career based on your gifts, look for ways to make your gifts 8 known to others and demonstrate them in as many areas of your life as possible. The more your gifts are 9 called upon, the more naturally you will fully accept and promote those gifts. The more you express your life through your innate gifts, the more you will excel. It's a beautifully self-perpetuating（能使自身永久存在的）process once you make the decision to begin.

Your gifts are your signature, your unique paintbrushes - use them to express your greatness and make your greatness and make your 10 mark on the world!

I. New words and expressions

New words

1. revolution n. 巨变；大变革

2. unwed adj. 未婚的

3. adoption n. 收养；领养

4. unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地

fortune

精选文库misfortune

fortunate

unfortunate

5. relent v. 终于答应；不再拒绝

6. recall v. 记起；回忆起；回想起

7. debut v. 使（新产品）面世；首次广告推广

8. production n. 生产：制造；制作

produce

producer

productive

product

9. possession n. 具有；拥有

10. calculator n. 计算器

11. orchard n. 果园

12. sag v. 减弱；减少

13. competition n. 竞争；角逐（参考Unit 4，Text A相关词）

compete

competitor

competitive

14. successive adj. 连续的；接连的；相继的

succeed

succeed in (doing) sth.

精选文库successor

successful

15. insanely adv. 十分；非常；疯狂地

16. cofound v. 共同建立

co-existence

a co-ed school

cooperate

cohabitation

17. bitter adj. 激烈而不愉快的；充满愤怒与仇恨的

18. recruit v. 吸收（新成员）

19. punch v. 拳打；以拳痛击

20. publicly adv. 公开地

21. heartbreaking adj. 令人心碎的

22. episode n. （人生的）一段经历；（小说的）片段，插曲

23. instant adj. 立即的；立刻的

24. billionaire n. 巨富；亿万富翁

25. immense adj. 极大的；巨大的

immensity

26. convince v. 说服，劝说（某人做某事）

convince sb. of sth. / that…

convincing

27. foundation n. 基本原理；根据；基础

精选文库lay a solid foundation for sth.

28. catalyst n. 催化剂

28. comeback n. 复出；重返；再度受欢迎

29. initially adv. 开始；最初；起初

30. interim n. 暂时的：过渡的

31. profitability n. 盈利能力

profit

profitable

32. introduce v. 推行；实施；采用

introduction

introductive / introductory 介绍的，引导的

33. innovation n. 创造；创新；改革

innovate

innovative

Phrases and Expressions

1. biological mother 生母

2. meet one's expectations符合某人的期望

3. drop out 退学；辍学

4. in memory of作为对…的纪念

5. dwell on 老是想着（尤指最好忘记的事）；一直说……

6. turn out 原来是；证明是；结果是

II. Text Learning

An Unwanted Baby, Steve Jobs

1 Steve Jobs is a man who has great courage and dares to take risks. He may not be perfect but he pulled together the most fantastic act by overcoming Microsoft, the movie industry and the music business. Jobs followed his dream and led a revolution in the computing world.

2 Steve Jobs was born on February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California. His biological mother was an unwed graduate student named Joanne Simpson and decided to put him up for adoption. (1)Joanne had a college education, and she insisted that the future parents of her boy be just as well educated. Unfortunately, the candidates, Paul and Clara Jobs, did not meet her expectations: Clara didn't graduate from college and Paul only attended high school. When she found out that both his future parents had never graduated from college, she refused to sign the adoption papers. She only relented a few months later and agreed to have her baby adopted by them, under the firm condition that they would send him to college.

本部分重点及难点：

1. Joanne had a college education, and she insisted that the future parents of her

boy be just as well educated.

当谓语动词是"一坚持，二命令，三建议，四要求"时，即insist, order, command, advise, suggest, propose, demand, request, require, ask以及desire, recommend, prefer, decide, urge等词时，从句谓语用should+动词原形。

We suggest that he be present at the meeting in time.

His painful expression suggested that he was ill at ease.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】17. From the anxious expression on his face, we can clearly see his strong desire that his mother ______ from the major illness soon.

?A．recovers

?B．recover

?C．will recover

?D．has recovered

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。desire后的从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词为"should+动词原形"，should通常省略。本句的意思是"从他脸上焦急的表情，我们可以很清楚地看到他希望母亲从这场大病中快速痊愈的强烈愿望。"

【知识点】虚拟语气

3 Steve Jobs went to college but decided to drop out because it was too expensive.

Recalling his time there he said, "I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5 cents deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple."

4 At 20, Steve Jobs and a friend (Steve Wozniak) started a company in a garage on April

1, 1976. Later that year, they debuted the Apple I and a local store offered to buy 50

machines. To finance the production, they had to sell their most expensive possessions. Jobs sold his Volkswagen van while Wozniak sold his Hewlett-Packard scientific calculator. Steve Jobs named their company Apple, in memory of a happy summer he had spent as an orchard worker in Oregon.

5 By 1982, however, his company sales sagged in the face of competition from IBM's new PC. (2)Not wanting to dwell on successive failures, they worked on a new machine called the Macintosh. By 1986, the Mac, which Steve Jobs promised to be "insanely great," was a huge success. After 10 years, starting from 2 kids working in a garage, Apple computer had grown into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees.

6 At 30, Steve Jobs, however, was fired from the company he cofounded with Steve Wozniak. He left the company after losing a bitter battle over control with

Apple's CEO John Sculley, whom Jobs had recruited from Pepsi Cola. When Steve Jobs heard of the message he said, "You've probably had somebody punch you in the stomach and it knocks the wind out of you and you cannot breathe. (3)The harder you try to breathe, the more you cannot breathe.And you know that the only thing you can do is just relax so you can start breathing again."

本部分重点及难点：

2. Not wanting to dwell on successive failures, they worked on a new machine called the Macintosh.

非谓语动词的否定形式为：not+非谓语动词（具体参考Unit 7, Text A）

dwell on：详述；老想着

Don't always dwell on the past, look forward.

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit11

Unit 11 Cyber World I. New words and expressions New words 1. chatline n. （消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务 2. variety n. （同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样 vary vary from…to… 比较：range / shift from…to… various 3. romance n. 恋爱；爱情 romantic 4. bizarre adj. 极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的 5. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的 6. script n. 剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿 7. intimacy n . 亲密；关系密切 intimate 8. initial adj. 最初的；开始的 9. perceive v. 将…视为；认为 10. avalanche n. 雪崩；山崩 11. literary adj. 文学的；文学上的 literature literal literary

literate liberal 12. verse n. 诗；韵文 13. animated adj. 栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的 14. inclination n. 倾向；意愿 incline inclined 15. sweaty adj. 满是汗的；汗津津的 16. palm n. 手掌；手心 17. vary v. 相异；不同 18. convey v. 表达，传递（思想、感情等） 19. polish v. 修改；润饰；润色 20. intellect n. （尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力 21. personality n. 性格；个性；人格 22. sequence n. 顺序；次序 23. reverse v. 颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反 24. veil v. 掩饰；掩盖 unveil 揭露，揭开 25. intellectual adj. 智力的；脑力的；理智的 26. familiarity n. 熟悉；通晓 familiar familiarize

2016自考英语二教材课文讲义unit3说课讲解

Unit 3 Friendship and Loyalty I. New words and expressions New words 1. reflection n. （关于某主题的）思考，回忆 2. loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿 3. recognize v. 承认；意识到 4. betray v. 辜负；对…不忠 5. indeed adv. 其实；实际上 6. virtue n. 高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行 7. trend n. 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向 8. befriend v. 做（尤指需要帮助者的）朋友；友善相待 9. request v. （礼貌或正式地）请求，要求 10. trendy adj. 时髦的；赶时髦的 11. multitude n. 众多；大量 12. mutual adj. 共有的；共同的 mutual respect / understanding 辨析：mutual / manual / manure / mature / menu / mental 13. term n. 词语；术语：措辞 14. site n. 网站；站点 15. acronym n. 首字母缩略词

16. perish v. 丧失；湮灭；毁灭 17. thought n. 想法；看法；主意；记忆 18. gossip n. 流言蜚语 19. challenge v. 考查…的能力；考验…的技巧 20. akin adj. 相似的；类似的 21. deposit n. 存款 22. account n. 账户 accountant current account deposit account 23. interest n. 利息 24. well-being n. 健康；安乐；康乐 25. welfare n. （个体或群体的）幸福，安全与健康 26. essence n. 本质；实质；精髓 27. seek v. 寻找 28. notoriety n. 恶名；坏名声 notorious 相当于infamous 29. premise n. 前提；假定； 30. exploit v. 利用（…为自己谋利） 31. reconnect v. 再联系；再联络 32. virtual adj. （通过计算机软件，如在因特网上）模拟的，虚拟的 33. assure v. 使确信；向…保证

山东自考英语二课文翻译

Unit 1 Text A How Difficult Is English? 英语有多难 Like the national push for Asian literacy （n.有文化，有教养，有读写能力）in Australia，就如澳大利亚在全国推行学亚洲语言一样，there has been foreign languages fervor[f??v?] in China，中国也掀起一股外语热，with English on top of the list. 在这股热潮中，英语高居榜首。English is not only taught at schools，colleges and universities，but also at evening classes，on radio and TV．不仅各级学校教英语，夜校、电台、电视台也都设有英语课程。Parents hire private tutors for their school children；父母为学龄的孩子聘请英语家教，adult English learners would sacrifice the weekend at an English corner in a public park practicing their spoken English with peop1e of the same interest and determination. 成年英语学习者会牺牲周末休息日，到公园参加英语角，与志趣相投的英语学习者练习口语。Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered ? 英语真的有这么难，需要人们投入大量的时间和精力才能掌握吗? The answer，if I am asked to offer，is undoubtedly，yes．如果我被问及这个问题，那么毫无疑问，我的答案是：是的。From my personal experience, 从我个人的经验来看，I think learning English means far more than learning its pronunciation，its grammatical rules，its words，etc．英语学习不仅仅是学习英语发音、语法规则、词汇等，It involves learning everything about the countries where it is used and the people who use it．它包括学习与使用该语言的国家和民族有关的所有内容。Without such a complete understanding of the language, 对英语没有这样全面的理解，the English a foreigner speaks will inevitably sound strange or even unintelligible though there is not anything wrong with his pronunciation，sentence structure and the words he uses．即使发音、句子结构、措辞毫无错误，一个外国人所讲的英语也难免听起来稀奇古怪甚至难以理解。The social customs and habits of the English-speaking people contribute a lot to the difficulty a foreigner has in learning it．讲英语民族者的社会风俗习惯增加了外国人学习英语的难度。Take the Chinese English learners for example．以学英语的中国人为例，" Hello "and "Good morning" may sound a little bit simple to Chinese people．"你好"和"早上好"是非常简单的。It is totally beyond the understanding of a Chinese English learner that native English speakers would be annoyed when they're addressed "Where are you going?"，which is a commonly used addressing among the Chinese．"你去哪儿?"是中国人常用的问候语，若英语母语者被问及"你去哪儿?"，他们会因此感到不悦，这一点让中国的英语学习者大为不解。Is there anything wrong with the English sentence structure ? 这个英语句子结构不对吗? Of course not．当然不是。It takes quite some time for a Chinese English learner to understand the western concept of privacy being violated in this address. 学英语的中国人得费点儿时间才能理解这一问候语侵犯了西方人的隐私。By the same token，同样，"Have you eaten?"(which is another addressing term the Chinese people usually use)will sound to native English speakers that the Chinese are so hospitable that they invite people to meals off-handedly. 英语母语者听到"你吃了吗?"(中国人常用的另外一个问候语)，会觉得中国人非常好客，会在事先毫无准备的情况下请人吃饭。Meanwhile，the Chinese would be shocked to hear，"Oh，it's very nice of you．When?"，if the addressee happens to have a craving for Chinese cooking and has not had his dinner yet.如果听话者此刻正希望品尝一下中国美食，又碰巧没有吃饭，他会回答"太好了，什么时候?"，中国人为此也会大吃一惊。 "We can say we are going to have chicken for dinner．Why can't we say pig，bull or sheep for dinner instead of pork，beef or mutton?" Chinese English learners may raise such questions．中国的英语学习者可能会这样问："我们可以说吃鸡，为什么不能说吃猪、吃牛、吃羊，而要说吃猪肉、牛肉、羊肉呢?"Figuring out the reasons for the peculiar English vocabulary is no easy task for Chinese English learners．对学习英语的中国人来说，为这些特殊的英语词汇找出理由并非易事。But the problem is that memorizing English words mechanically would be devastating and inefficient if they did not know what had happened in British history．问题在于如果不懂英国历史，死记硬背英语单词毫无效率。Thus learning English(and other languages as well)involves learning the history of the countries where it is spoken．所以说，学英语(其他语言亦如此)还包括学习使用该语言国家的历史知识。A task of this kind is more difficult for Chinese English learners than for people who speak

自考英语二第二单元讲义

Unit 2 Text A salesgirl n.女售货员 couple n.几个，一对 glance vi.看一下瞥一眼He glanced nervously at his watch when he was waiting for the bus. uncomfortable a.不舒服的，不自在的 behave vi 举止 desire vt.想望, 期望, 希望, 请求(官方丈礼)n.愿望, 心愿, 要求v.要求 They showed a desire to improve relations. She desires that he (should) do it at once. distant a.在远处的，疏远的 outsider n.外人，局外人，门外汉 feature n.特征，特色 mark n.标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号 You’d better make some marks while reading. vt.做标记于, 打分数, 标志vi.作记号 Please mark all of the large cities on this map. adapt vt.使适应, 改编 Can you adapt your way of thinking to the new life-style? adopt vt.采用, 收养 They were trying to persuade the UN to adopt an aggressivenly anti-American resolution. accent n.重音, 口音, 重音符

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit11

Unit11CyberWorld I.Newwordsandexpressions Newwords 1.chatlinen.（消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务 2.variety?n.（同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样 varyvaryfrom…to… 比较：range/shiftfrom…to… various 3.romance?n.恋爱；爱情 romantic https://www.docsj.com/doc/dd9936723.html,arreadj.极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的 5.potentialadj.潜在的；可能的 6.scriptn.剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿 7.intimacy?n.亲密；关系密切 intimate 8.initialadj.最初的；开始的 9.perceivev.将…视为；认为 10.avalanchen.雪崩；山崩 11.literary?adj.文学的；文学上的 literature literal literary literate liberal

12.versen.诗；韵文 13.animatedadj.栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的 14.inclination?n.倾向；意愿 incline inclined 15.sweatyadj.满是汗的；汗津津的 16.palmn.手掌；手心 17.varyv.相异；不同 18.conveyv.表达，传递（思想、感情等） 19.polishv.修改；润饰；润色 20.intellectn.（尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力 21.personalityn.性格；个性；人格 22.sequencen.顺序；次序 23.reversev.颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反 24.veil?v.掩饰；掩盖 unveil揭露，揭开 25.intellectualadj.智力的；脑力的；理智的 26.familiarity?n.熟悉；通晓 familiar familiarize 27.appearance?n.外貌；外表 28.intensity?n.强烈；紧张；剧烈 intense 29.stirringn.（感情、想法或发展的）开始，出现，萌发

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit2

Unit 2 Mistakes to Success I. New words and expressions New words 1. spill v.（使）洒出，泼出，溢出 2. respond v. 作出反应；响应 respond to… response 3. interview v. （媒体）采访，访问 4. creative adj. 创作的 5. occur v. 发生；出现 It occurred to me that… 6. remove v. 拿开；去掉 7. refrigerator n. 冰箱 8. grip n. 紧握；紧抓 9. slippery adj. 滑的；滑得抓不住（或站不稳、难以行走） 10. content n. 所容纳之物；所含之物 11. veritable adj. 十足的；名副其实的；不折不扣的 12. yell v. 叫喊；大喊；吼叫 13. lecture n.（冗长的）教训，训斥，谴责 14. mess n. 肮脏；杂乱；不整洁 15. rarely adv. 罕有；很少；不常 rare animals / stamps Rarely is he late for class. 16. puddle n. 水洼；小水坑 17. eventually 最后；终于 18. restore v. 使复原；使复位；使复职 19. sponge n. 海绵块 20. effectively adv. 有效地 effective ineffective 注意区分：effective / efficient 21. tiny adj. 极小的；微小的 22. discover v. 了解到；认识到；查明 discovery 23. grasp v. 抓紧；抓牢 24. lip n.（容器或凹陷地方的)边，边沿

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit7

Unit 7 Inner Voice I. New words and expressions New words 1. inner adj. 内心的；隐藏的 2. precisely adv. 准确地；恰好地 precise precision 联想：accurate, accuracy 比较：simply, possibly, subtly, truly / definitely, rarely, fortunately, likely / luckily, heavily 3. bombard v. 大肆抨击；连珠炮似地质问；提供过多信息， 4. dreaded adj. 令人害怕的；可怕的 5. small talk n. 寒喧；闲谈；聊天 6. hesitation n. 犹豫 hesitate hesitant hesitancy / hesitation 7. wonder v. 想知道；想弄明白；琢磨n. 奇迹 wonder wh-… do / work wonders / miracles

精选文库 8. prompt v. 促使；导致；激起 9. complete adj. （用以强调）完全的，彻底的 10. upset adj. 难过的；不高兴的；沮丧的 11. roll v. （使）翻滚，滚动 12. despite prep. 即使；尽管 despite / in spite of that fact that … 13. feeble adj. 无效的；无力的 14. attempt n./ v. 企图；试图；尝试 attempted 15. wipe v.（用布、手等）擦干净，抹掉 16. profusely adv. 大量地；连连地 17. address v. 写（收信人）姓名地址；致函 18. receptionist n. 接待员 19. attach v. 把…固定，把…附（在…上） attach …to… attached 依恋的；附加的；附属的 attachment 依恋；附件 20. emotion n. 强烈的感情；情感；情绪 emotional emotionless 21. contain v. 控制，克制，抑制（感情） 22. apparently adv. 据…所知；看来；显然

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit9

Unit 9 Facing Life’s Challenges I. New words and expressions New words 1. hurdle n. hurdles [pl.]跨栏赛；栏架，跨栏；难关，障碍 2. negative n. 否定词；否定；拒绝 adj. 坏的；有害的 3. despair v. 绝望；失去希望；丧失信心 4. petty adj. 小的：琐碎的；次要的 5. individual adj. 一个人的；供一个人用的 6. lane n. （比赛的）跑道，泳道 7. spot n. 地点；场所；处所 8. symbolize v. 象征；是…的象征；代表 symbol -ize常用的动词后缀：modernize, globalize, economize 9. incredibly adv. 极端地；极其 credible 可靠的，可信的 credibly 变副词时需省略-e的形容词有simple, true, credible, believable simply, truly, (in)credibly, (un)believably 10. positive adj. 良好的；正面的 11. tough adj. 艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的 12. arise v. 发生；产生；出现 arise from sth. 区分：arouse / arise arouse one's anger / respect / sympathy 13. lost adj. 不知所措的；一筹莫展的 14. leap v. 跳跃 15. yard n. 码 16. inch n. 英寸 17. cinch n. 很容易的事；小莱 Phrases and Expressions 1. line up 排成一行；站队；排队（等侯） 2. end up最终成为；最后处于 end up (in) doing sth. end up begging / being arrested end up as a beggar / prisoner / millionaire

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit8

Unit 8 The Great Minds The Great Minds 名人名言部分补充make A of B A famous quote A pessimist makes difficulties of his opportunities; an optimist makes opportunities of his difficulties. ----Harry S. Truma n 悲观者让机会沦为困难；乐观者把困难铸成机会。----杜鲁门 make A of B make a success of on e's career make a musician of the little boy wan ted The father exposed his son to music when he was still a little child becaused he to make a musicia n of him. expose sb. / on eself to sth. Don't expose yourself to the stro ng sun light, or you will get sun bur nt. 联想：sunburnt / suntanned gain exposure to sth. make a footballer of Tom make a mess of the accou nt I. New words and expressions New words 1. wrap v. 用…缠绕（或围紧） 2. seen ario n. 设想；方案；预测 3. explanation n.解释；说明 explai n expla natory 4. un eve ntful adj. 平淡无奇的；平凡的；缺乏刺激的 5. preg nancy n. 怀孕；妊娠；孕期 6. imperfect adj.有缺陷的；不完全的；不完美的 perfect perfecti on

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit12(完整资料).doc

【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】 Unit 12 A Break from Life I. New words and expressions New words 1. cranky adj. 脾气坏的 2. laundry n. 要（或正在）洗的衣物；刚洗好的衣物 3. resemble v. 看起来像；显得像；像 resemble: take after resemblance 4. throb n. （强烈有规律的）跳动；阵阵的疼痛 5. subside v. 趋于平静；平息；减弱；消退 6. ache v. 疼痛；隐痛 7. joint n. 关节 8. shuffle v. 拖着脚走 9. wiggle v. （使）扭动，摆动，摇动 10. sniffle n. 抽鼻子（声） 11. tissue n. (尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 12. pillow n. 枕头 13. crack v. 找到解决（难题等的）方法 14. contagious adj. 患接触性传染病的 15. germ n. 微生物；细菌；病菌 16. resourceful adj. 机敏的；足智多谋的；随机应变的 17. scrounge v. 觅取；搜寻 18. nurture v. 养育；养护；培养 19. chore n. 令人厌烦的任务、乏味无聊的工作 20. respite n. 暂停；暂缓 21. manufacture v. 编造；捏造 22. symptom n. 症状 23. pamper v. 细心照顾；精心护理；娇惯；纵容

24. hermit n. 隐土；隐修者；遁世者 25. gel n. 凝胶，冻胶（尤指用于头发或护肤的产品） 26. hearty adj. 大的；丰盛的 27. chamomile n. 苹果菊；春黄菊；甘菊 28. vanilla-scented adj. 香草味的 29. gingerly adv. 谨慎地；小心翼翼地；轻手轻脚地 30. grateful adj. 感激的；表示感谢的 be grateful to sb. for sth. ungrateful 比较：graceful disgraceful 31. spa n. 水疗 32. tub n. 浴缸；浴盆 33. drain n. 下水道；排水管 34. refresh v. 使恢复精力；使凉爽 35. emotionally adv. 感情上地；情感上地 emotion emotional 36. empower v. 增加（某人的）自主权；使控制局势 37. permission n. 准许；许可；批准 permit 38. justify v. 对…作出解释；为…辩解（或辩护） 39. awareness n. 知道；认识；意识 Phrases and Expressions 1. pile up 堆积；积压 2. come down with患，得，染上（小病） 3. slip away 消失；消亡；死去 4. respond to 作出反馈；响应 5. care for 照顾，照料（病、老、幼者等） 6. tend to 照料；照管；护理

自考英语二复习资料

? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made 是过去分词；from among 为二重介词 ? 例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示建议意思，后面用虚拟语气。 ? 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time. ? 3. … decision m aking includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them. ? 解析：as well as意思是既…又… ? 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all. ? 解析：助动词do在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。 ? 5. … but do not let it worry you too much. ? 解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的不定式结构。 ? 6. There is little likelihood that … ? 对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of ? 例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.(06-4) ? A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively (C) ? ? UNIT2 ? 重点单词和短语 ? exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operate revolve glitter unlikely (be likely to) whereas concerned (be concerned about) plateau ? in theory apply to depend on research into swallow up make use of together with in every respect in other words consist of a great many under the circumstances make a difference above all as a rule ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4) ? A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all (A) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable… ? 例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。 (05-4-68) ? 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. ? 例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting. ? A. that B. when C. in that time D. what (A) ? 例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10) ? A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular (D) ? 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit round the sun. ? 对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which has life on it. ? 4. The total water area is about three times as large as the land area. ? 解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as是表示倍数的表达法。 ? 例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong as one with a reading of 3. (unit 6 text B) ? 5. The more we learn about other people, the better we understand their ideas, and, as a rule, the better we like those people themselves. ? 解析：the+比较级，the+比较级结构，意思是越…越…，第一个从句中谓语动词不用倒装，第二个从句谓语动词可以用倒装，也可以用正装语气。 ? 例：___ we are, ___ we become. ? A. the oldest; the wiser B. older; wiser ? C. the older, the more wise D. the older; the wiser (D) ? UNIT 3 ? 重点单词和短语 ? deteriorate debate (on/upon) request ensure oppose(be opposed to) burden sensitive privilege appoint bias accessible ? recruit ? be affected with carry out in addition to in this case open up care for take into account have …at heart be sensitive to opt out of for short amount to

【优质文档】2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit12

Unit 12 A Break from Life I. New words and expressions New words 1. cranky adj. 脾气坏的 2. laundry n. 要（或正在）洗的衣物；刚洗好的衣物 3. resemble v. 看起来像；显得像；像 resemble: take after resemblance 4. throb n. （强烈有规律的）跳动；阵阵的疼痛 5. subside v. 趋于平静；平息；减弱；消退 6. ache v. 疼痛；隐痛 7. joint n. 关节 8. shuffle v. 拖着脚走 9. wiggle v. （使）扭动，摆动，摇动 10. sniffle n. 抽鼻子（声） 11. tissue n. (尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 12. pillow n. 枕头 13. crack v. 找到解决（难题等的）方法 14. contagious adj. 患接触性传染病的 15. germ n. 微生物；细菌；病菌 16. resourceful adj. 机敏的；足智多谋的；随机应变的 17. scrounge v. 觅取；搜寻 18. nurture v. 养育；养护；培养 19. chore n. 令人厌烦的任务、乏味无聊的工作 20. respite n. 暂停；暂缓 21. manufacture v. 编造；捏造 22. symptom n. 症状

23. pamper v. 细心照顾；精心护理；娇惯；纵容 24. hermit n. 隐土；隐修者；遁世者 25. gel n. 凝胶，冻胶（尤指用于头发或护肤的产品） 26. hearty adj. 大的；丰盛的 27. chamomile n. 苹果菊；春黄菊；甘菊 28. vanilla-scented adj. 香草味的 29. gingerly adv. 谨慎地；小心翼翼地；轻手轻脚地 30. grateful adj. 感激的；表示感谢的 be grateful to sb. for sth. ungrateful 比较：graceful disgraceful 31. spa n. 水疗 32. tub n. 浴缸；浴盆 33. drain n. 下水道；排水管 34. refresh v. 使恢复精力；使凉爽 35. emotionally adv. 感情上地；情感上地 emotion emotional 36. empower v. 增加（某人的）自主权；使控制局势 37. permission n. 准许；许可；批准 permit 38. justify v. 对…作出解释；为…辩解（或辩护） 39. awareness n. 知道；认识；意识 Phrases and Expressions 1. pile up 堆积；积压 2. come down with 患，得，染上（小病） 3. slip away 消失；消亡；死去

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【优质文档】2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit12