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2019年高考完形填空题解析

2019年高考英语新课标I卷完形填空题解析

2019年高考英语新课标卷的完形填空题如下：

A Heroic Driver

Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 1 along I65 north after delivering to one of his 2 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 3 he got closer, he found 4 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and noticed 5 shooting out from under the 6 vehicle. Larry pulled over set the brake and 7 the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on 8 and told Larry he had 9 an emergency call. They 10 heard a woman's voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. 11 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 12 until the emergency personnel arrived, 13 she thought the car was going to 14 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 15 she injured her neck.

Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 16 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 17 if he was needed or 18 to go. They let him and the other man go.

One thing is 19 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 20 most likely saved the woman's life.

1. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing

2. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers

3. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If

4. A. each B. another C. that D. his

5. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam

6. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned

7. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled

8. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over

9. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed

10. A. then B. again C. finally D. even

11. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching

12. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm

13. A. for B. so C. and D. but

14. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash

15. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after

16. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out

17. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver

18. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free

19. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked

20. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise

一、答案与解析：

1. C。文章的第一句交代了拉里(Larry)的工作单位是交通运输股份有限公司。此处要进一步说明故事发生的详细背景：2009年的某一个早晨，拉里正行驶在“I65北”公路上。要表达

“驱车行驶”之义须取traveling。

2. D。说明故事发生在拉里把他的一个顾客送到之后。使考生纠结的是他们不敢选customers 而选passengers。其实customers可指计程车的顾客，而passengers是公共汽车、轮船和飞机的乘客。因为后文未谈及其他乘客，拉里驾驶的不可能是公交车，所以答案是customers。

3. C。从属连词As引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”有“随着”之义。

4. B。此时的情景是拉里先看一辆汽车开着大灯停在路边，接着看到一辆汽车翻在路上。对于那辆开着大灯停着的车来说，那辆翻在路上的车为another vehicle。

5. A。句意是：拉里再一看，就发现有火苗从车下喷射出来。根据此空后灭火的情节，可知此空要填flames表示“火焰”。

6. B。考生会错误地认为disabled只能修饰人，因而错选abandoned。事故处理之后，那辆翻了的车可能会被废弃掉(abandoned)。但在事发过程的车只能是“坏的”或“动不了的”，所以，disabled可取。

7. A。got hold of表示“抓起；抓住”，是在紧要关头的动作。此时的情景是，他抓赶快灭火器使劲喷了两下后，将火灭掉了。

8. D。用“came over”表示“走过来”。

9. C。make a call表示“打电话”，make an emergency call是“打电话报警”。此时开着大灯的车的司机走了过来告诉拉里他已经在此之前打电话报警了。至此，文章中出现的三个主要角色的关系已经明了。

10. A。用副词then表示“那时”，将情景往前推动一步。

11. D。Approaching表示“接近；靠近”。句意是：当他们走到那辆翻过来车辆旁边时，他们看到一个妇女试图从破的车窗玻璃中爬出来。

12. B。still作形容词，表示“不动的”。少数考生只熟悉still作副词的用法，因而错选D，而calm多指“(心情)平静的”。

13. D。but表示转折。

14. A。动词explode表示“爆炸”。此处的情景是：他们要那个女司机呆在里面不动等待救援，但是女司机却担心汽车会爆炸。

15. C。in case表示“万一”，引导目的状语从句。此时，对女司机的担心，拉里要作进一步的解释：拉里告诉她，已经扑灭了火，要她不动，以防伤害她的脖子。

16. B。backed off表示“后退”。句意是：当消防队员和紧急救助人员到来后，拉里和另一位司机退出现场，好让消防队员和紧急救助人员开始营救。

17. B。利用排除法，能够推断出紧急救助人员是由警方派出的，所以police为最佳答案。

18. D。was free to go表示“能够自由离开”。在事发现场，警方可能需要取证，所以拉里才问警方是否需要他们帮忙还是允许他们自由离开。

19. A。for certain表示“肯定的；确凿的”。

20. C。efforts表示“努力”。文章至此要实行评述：有一点是确凿的，是拉里超越职业的要求，即时灭火挽救了女司机的生命。

二、题材与结构：

2019年高考英语新课标I卷的完形填空题改编自一个故事。一天清晨，天刚蒙蒙亮，一位女司机所驾的轿车翻车了。当时附近的一位司机见状，来不及关车的大灯，就停下车打电话报警。驱车经过附近的拉里(Larry)发现女司机的车下起火，他即时拿出自己车内的灭火器将火扑灭。不久消防队员和警方急救人员赶来营救，很快那位女司机，就脱险了。

三、考点与难度：

2019年高考新课标I卷的完形填空题和往常一样，不直接考查词语搭配、词语辨义、动

词时态、关系代词的用法等语法结构知识，只考查词语在适当语景中的活用。如果考生在解答完形填空时能做到语言知识，逻辑理解和生活常识三者结合起来就能准确作答。尤其在文章的开篇出现了考生不熟悉的Transport Drivers, Inc.和I65 north影响考生对文章的理解。但通过Transport Drivers，along和a car with its bright lights on等一系列信息能够判断Transport Drivers, Inc.是一个汽车运输公司，I65 north是一条公路，因为along表示“沿着”，后常接道路或街道名称。所以只要将结构知识，与后文情节以及生活常识结合起来，开篇的理解难点自然会迎刃而解。

2019年高考新课标I卷的完形填空题与历年的同一题型的难度对比，稳中有降。完形填空题的难度由词汇量、文章的长度、句式结构、设空点和文章内容五个方面所决定。

1. 2019年高考新课标I卷的完形填空题中生僻词极少，全文除transport, deliver, vehicle, upside, brake, burst, emergency, beyond, likely, personnel十词外都是初中英语课程标准词汇。其中transport的名词形式transportation在初中已经学过。在这十个非初中词汇中，只有vehicle, upside两词属于高中英语课程标准的九级词汇，其中的upside拆分成up和side后也很容易理解，而且学习人教版的考生在选修7第3单元中已经学过upside down这个短语。

2. 一般来说，文章越长，完形填空的难度越大。2019年高考新课标I卷的完形填空题除空格外有217词，词数与历年相比稳中有降。

3. 从设空点来看，人们发现考查作为粘着状语的副词和与复合句相关的连词越多，题目的难度越大。今年的完形填空题考了一个粘着状语的副词和两个从属连词，拟题人意欲保持整题的难度，避免整篇完形填空过度简单。

整题以考查实词为主，其中，4空填名词，10空填动词，2空填形容词或副词，一空填代词，三空填连词。很好体现了完形填空题考查考生语言知识综合使用水平的特点。

4. 从句式结构的角度看，在词数接近的情况下，总句数越少，句子就越长，题目就越难；在句数接近的情况下，复合句越多，题目就越难。今年的完形填空整题由十七个句子组成，其中复合句六个，简单句十一个。对比过去六年，我们不难看出2019年新课标卷的完形填空题的难度在句式结构方面有明显的下降。

5. 今年的完形填空的内容属于日常生活的话题，而且文章的故事性很强，理解难度较小。对比用一些说明文和议论文改编的完形填空，今年的完形填空题就更觉简单。

四、预测与指导：

在新课程改革的背景下，高考要渗透创新教育观点，发挥高考在基础教育中的指挥棒作用。单科难度太大会消耗考生太多的学习精力，不利于考生全面发展，不利于国家培养复合型人才。降低试题难度从某种意义上讲，就是一种创新教育导向。所以完形填空的训练不宜太难。不过完形填空题是一类非常需要答题技巧的题。开篇信息不充分时，蛮撞答题容易出错。文章中部偏后一点的空格，因信息量过份密集，容易出错。文中不定地会出现个别生僻结构或俗语表达等等超出考生的理解范畴也容易出错。所以应通过适量的训练丰富语言知识，掌握解题技巧，提升完形填空的解题水平。

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