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英语演讲的艺术weeksix

演讲的艺术

Chapter 1 Orator A person with special skills in public speaking Rhetoric The art of effective communication between a speaker (or writer) and an audience Intercultural communicative competence The ability to respect diversity and to communicate effectively in cross-cultural situations Critical thinking Focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideals, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion Speaker The person who is presenting an oral message to a listener Message Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else Channel The means by which a message is communicated Listener The person who receives the speaker’s message Frame of reference The sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes Feedback The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker Interference Anything that impedes the communication of a message Situation The time and place in which speech communication occurs Chapter 2 Stage fright Anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience Adrenaline A hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress Positive nervousness Controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation Visualization Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation Ethics The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs Plagiarism Presenting another person's language or ideals as one's own Global plagiarism Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own Patchwork plagiarism Stealing ideals or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own Incremental plagiarism Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people Paraphrase To restate or summarize an author's ideals in one's own words Chapter 3 Preview statement A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body Chronological order A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern Topical order A method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics Transition A word or phrase that indicates when the speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another Extemporaneous delivery A method of delivery in which the speech is carefully prepared and rehearsed but is presented from a brief set of notes Chapter 4 Topic The subject of a speech Brainstorming A method of generating ideals for speech topics by free association of words and ideas General purpose The broad goal of a speech Specific purpose A single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech Central idea A one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech Residual message What a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech Chapter 5 Audience-centeredness Keeping the audience foremost in mind at every step of speech preparation and presentation Egocentrism The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own value, beliefs, and well-being

精彩英语演讲稿

精彩英语演讲开场白示例有了好的开头，英语演讲便成功了一半。好的英语演讲开头能够吸引听众的注意力，让你的英语演讲获得更多人的认可。那么，英语演讲的开头应该怎么写才能吸引听众的注意力呢?下面与你分享精彩的英语演讲开场白示例。 1、精彩英语演讲开场白示例一：问候听众，介绍自己英语演讲稿开头怎么写?英语演讲稿的开头问候听众是最基本的礼貌。在一个陌生的场合作英语演讲，英语演讲稿的开头可以先介绍自己。人的好奇心都特别强，如果台上站着一个不认识的人作演讲，听众们一定都想知道演讲者的身份背景信息。所以在英语演讲的开头，大大方方将自己介绍给听众，让大家认识自己，无论如何，这总比演讲结束了，台下的观众还不知道台上那个家伙是谁要强!英语演讲稿开头怎么写英语演讲稿开头怎么写?精彩英语演讲开场白示例 2、精彩英语演讲开场白示例二：受邀致辞 id like to thank you for inviting/asking me/giving me the chance to... i am grateful for the opportunity to present... 通常情况下，在一起企业活动或者学术活动中，有的演讲者会作为嘉宾被邀请发言。这个时候，你可以通过上述英语演讲开场白来发表讲话。 3、精彩英语演讲开场白示例三：告知演讲主题 thank you for giving me the opportunity to tell you about... the subject of my presentation is... 英语演讲稿的开头要记得告知听众演讲的主题，不要一篇英语演讲洋洋洒洒结束了，听众还对你所讲述的主题不甚明了，那就太悲剧了。一开始就告诉听众主题，让他们带着已有的自我认知跟着你的演讲往下听，他们的兴趣会更浓厚，如果他们听了半天不知道主题，又没怎么完全听懂，演讲就没有太大效果。 4、精彩英语演讲开场白示例四：引起听众兴趣在英语演讲稿的开头引入一些引起听众兴趣的内容是演讲的技巧。你想要为听众讲一个不一样的故事?你想要为听众留一个悬念，让听众在你的英语演讲中找寻答案?那就试试上述这两种英语演讲开场白的表达方式吧。英语演讲稿开头怎么写?希望岱恩英语老师分享的精彩英语演讲开场白示例能够为你提供帮助。同时，岱恩英语老师也要提醒大家，一场成功的英语演讲光靠英语演讲稿是不够的，还需要掌握很多英语演讲方法和技巧，并且一个人的英语演讲能力也是需要反复锻炼才能提升的。希望大家好好学习，早日成为英语演讲高手! 最新英文演讲稿开场白尊敬的评委，尊贵的来宾，女士们，先生们，大家晚上好!能够站在这里进行演说，我感到十分荣幸。今天我将和大家一起分享?? honorable judges,distinguished guests,ladies and gentlemen,good evening!i feel really honored to stand here and make a speech.today im going to look together with you into this question:?? good morning everybody!its my honor to speak here,and i am very glad to share my topic with you. then today id like to talk something about..... (大家早上好!能在这里做此次演讲我十分荣幸，也很高兴能跟大家一起分享我的主题，今天我想演讲的是......) (译文：女士们，先生们，大家晚上好!欢迎来到05级英语演讲比赛的现常首先，请允许我来个自我介绍。我是今晚的主持人—来自05级6班的典典。)

《演讲的艺术》chapter1-5课后summary

Chapter1 speakinginpublic People throughout history have used public speaking as a vital means of communication and empowerment. Because you will live the rest of your life in a globalized world, the need for English public speaking will almost surely touch you at some time. To be successful giving speeches in English, you need to be culturally competent communicator. You must show respect for the cultural values and expectations of the people who come to hear you. This dose not mean that you have to devalue your own culture. There is no inherent conflict between being a competent English public speaker and being fully Chinese. Because public speaking involves the use of English as a working language, it requires critical thinking skills. Critical thinking helps you organize your ideas, spot weaknesses in other people’s reasoning, and avoid them in your own. There are many similarities between public speaking and conversation, but there are also important differences. First, public speaking requires more detailed preparation than ordinary conversation. Second, it requires more formal language. Third, it demands that speakers adjust their voices to the larger audience and work at avoiding distracting physical mannerisms and verbal habits. The speech communication process includes seven elements: speaker, message, channel, listener, feedback, interference, and situation. The interaction of these elements determines the outcome of any public speech. Chapter2 speakingconfidentlyandethically stage fright is an issue for public speakers in all countries. Rather than trying to eliminate every trace of stage fright, you should try to transform it into positive energy. To some extent, this will happen naturally as you gain experience as a speaker, but you should also think positively, prepare thoroughly, visualize yourself giving a successful speech, remember that most nervousness is not visible to the audience, and think of your speech as communication rather than as a performance in which you must do everything perfectly Because public speaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ethical responsibili ties. There are four basic guidelines for ethical speechmaking. The first is to make sure your goals are ethically sound. The second is to be fully prepared for each speech. The third is to be honest in what you say. The fourth is to put ethical principles into practice at all times Of all the ethical lapses a speaker can commit, few are more serious than plagiarism lobal plagiarism is lifting a speech entirely from a single source. Patchwork plagiarism involves cutting and pasting a speech from a limited number of sources. Incremental pla giarism occurs when a speaker fails to give credit for specific quotations and paraphrases that are borrowed from other people Because it is so easy to copy information from the Internet, it poses special challenges with regard to plagiarism. If you don't cite Internet sources, you are just as guilty of plagia- rism as if you take information from print sources without proper citation. As you research your speeches, be sure to take accurate notes of the Internet sources you use so you can identify them in your speech Chapter3 giving your first speech One of your first assignments will be to present an introductory speech, either a speech of self-introduction or a speech introducing a classmate. Focus the speech on a limited number of ideas and be creative in developing them. Use interesting supporting materials and present them in colorful, descriptive language. When organizing the speech, make sure you have a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Most introductory speeches fall naturally into chronological or topical order. Using clear transitions will help your audience follow you from point to point. Although you will write a complete manuscript or outline of your speech when preparing it, you should deliver it extemporaneously. This means you have rehearsed fully and can present your talk from a brief set of speaking notes. Concentrate on establishing eye contact with the audience and on speaking in a dynamic, engaged tonof voice Chapter4 selecting a topic and purpose The first step in speechmaking is choosing a topic. If you have trouble picking a topic, you can use clustering, a personal inventory, or an Internet search to come up with something that is right for you. The general purpose of your speech will usually be to inform or to persuade. When your general purpose is to inform, your goal is to communicate information clearly, accurately, and interestingly. When your general purpose is to persuade, your goal is to win listeners over to your point of view Once you know your topic and general purpose, you must focus on a specific purpose statement that indicates precisely what your speech seeks to achieve. The specific purpose statement should (1) be a full infinitive phrase; (2) be worded as a statement, not a question:(3) avoid figurative language;(4) not be vague or general; (5) be appropriate for your audience; and(6) be achievable in the allotted time. The central idea is a concise statement of what you will say in your speech, and it usually crystallizes in your thinking after you have done your research and have decided on the main points. In most cases, it encapsulates the main points in a single declarative

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解决顺序)等等。大家可以根据不同的演讲内容来安排自己演讲稿的逻辑顺序和结构。二、开篇出彩，结尾有道演讲稿的开篇和结尾往往需要花费大量的功夫去设计，这往往是精彩演讲的亮点所在。因此，在写作时，需要结合受众、场合和演讲内容等，争取一开始就紧紧抓住听众的注意力和兴趣所在，结尾时，尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。下面，我将给大家具体分析基本的开篇和结尾模式，供大家以后写作参考。开篇的目的是要吸引听众，乔布斯在该篇演讲稿中使用的是“relate the topic to the audience"(关联话题与听众)的方式，这是一种比较有效的方法，人们一般对自己的事情都很关注，和自己相关的事情也会格外留意，乔布斯在开篇说到，“I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, I never graduated from college. This is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation.”高度赞美斯坦福大学是最好的大学之一，就是在与听众发生关联，让大家产生好感，当然老乔还用了适当的幽默，更好地融洽了与听众的关系，“简洁、有效”本就是乔布斯的演讲风格。除此之外，还有其

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演讲的艺术（第八版）史蒂芬.E.卢卡斯/著俞振伟/译第一部分演讲与倾听第一章公共演讲公共演讲，即将你个人观点通过与他人分享并影响他人的态度从而达到公共化的一种途径。通过演讲传播他们的思想，扩大他们的影响。公共演讲在职业发展中非常重要，在日常生活中同样重要。关键在于，公共演讲是一种能量赋予的形式。他有可能促使人们十分关心的一些事情产生变化，实际情况的确经常如此。在演讲课上掌握方法和策略。实际上，与人讲话时，已经开始运用相当宽的知识范畴内的技能了。 1、逻辑清晰地组织自己的思想。 2、根据不同对象剪裁自己的话。 3、讲故事要达到最好效果。你会不断调整自己的用词和语调，以便获得最佳效果。 4、接受听众的反馈。意识到他的语言、面部和身体的反应。你每天都在看似随意的谈话中所做这些事情，每天都做好了好多次，你根本没有意识到，自己已经具备了这些沟通技巧了。所有这些都是你做公共演讲时必不可少的重要技巧。公共演讲与日常对话的区别 1、公共演讲结构更严谨。公共演讲对演讲人有很严格的时间限制，多数情况下，不允许听众提问或发表评论打断演讲。演讲人必须通过演讲本身实现自己实现自己的传达目标。在准备演讲稿时，演讲人必须预计哪些部分有可能在听众中产生疑问，需要在演讲中回答这些疑问。因此，公共演讲需要事先先做精心的准备。 2、公共演讲要求更正式的用语。俚语、行话和不规范的表达在公共演讲中站不住脚。 3、公共演讲要求使用“演讲”的说话方式。非正式谈话时，人们会保持闲散的姿势，使用很多语气词、做很多停顿（嗯、啊、这么、那么，等等）。而有效的演讲人会调整自己的嗓音，以便让所有听众都能清晰的听到；

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平谈中透着哀伤夏鹏第二章昨日重现（原声）第一届央视《环球了望》选段刘欣第二届穿洋越海梁励敏第三届东西方相聚芮成钢第四届我们和黄河一道成长蔡力第六届新北京，三色新奥运戚悦第七届全球化：中国年轻一代所面临的挑战与机遇孙宁第八届难忘的一幕顾秋蓓第九届机会之门就在前方洪晔第十届城墙与桥梁夏鹏

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演讲的艺术_第一章战胜恐惧、战胜自我第一节克服害羞的心理随着历史地发展，交谈也越来越显示出它在社会各个领域中的重要作用，人们的口才日显重要。大小会议上的领导讲话，外交家的外事谈判，企业家的商业洽谈，专家学者的学术交流等，都需要良好的口才。正因如此，1912年，我开办了关于当众说话的课程。有一次，我去参加训练班的毕业聚会，在聚会上，一个毕业生当着200多人的面跟我说：“卡耐基先生，5年前，我来到你举办示范表演的一家饭店。当我来到会场门口，就停住了。我知道只要走进房间，参加上课，早晚都得要讲演一番。我的手僵在门柄上，我害怕走进去；最后，只好转身走出了饭店。当时，我要是知道你能教人轻而易举地克服恐惧——那种面对听众会瘫软的恐惧，我就不会白白错过失去的5年了。” 听完他的话后，可以说我已经为他特别的仪态和自信深深地吸引住了，因为他这样坦诚相告，并不是隔着张桌子在闲话家常，而是在对着许多人发表议论。这说明，他已完全克服了当众怕羞的心理，他必定能借助现在所具有的表达能力和信心，使处理行政事务的技巧大为增加。如果，他在5年或10年之前能战胜恐惧，那他肯定比现在能享受更多更好的成功和快乐。爱默生曾经说过：“恐惧比世界上任何的事物更能击败人类。”其实在最初，大家一定要学习这样的课程，就是因为在别人面前说话的时候，总觉得好害怕，自己无法清晰地思考，使得原本早已想好要说的话都忘得一干二净。

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