(完整版)机电专业英语
一．单词翻译(英译汉，汉译英共20分）
compound pulley 组合滑轮
screw 螺丝
worm gear 涡轮
clearance fit 间隙配合
transition fit 过渡配合
interference fit 过盈配合
ground teeth 精密齿
gear reductions 齿轮减速比aluminum 铝
brass 黄铜
bronze 青铜
cast iron 铸铁
carbon 碳钢
alloy steel 合金钢
hardened steel 硬化钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
plastic materials 塑料材料
gear teeth 齿轮
straight-toothed 直齿轮
rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮
straight bevel gears 直齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gears 弧齿锥齿轮friction 摩擦
lubrication 润滑
lubricant 润滑剂
full fluid film lubrication 全液态薄膜润滑
boundary lubrication 边界润滑elastrohydrodynamic lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑
proton 质子
neutron 中子
parallel circuit 并联电路
series circuit 串联电路
electron 电子
inductor 电感
capacitor 电容
conductor 导体
semiconductor 半导体
metal-oxide-semiconductor 金属氧化物半导体
integrated circuit 集成电路integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片
dopant 掺杂剂
mask 掩膜
doping 掺杂
photoresist 感光胶
etch 蚀刻法
dielectric 非传导性（电介质）rung 梯级
branch 分支
instructions 指令
power rails 母线
quantity 数量
parameter 参数
ladder diagram 梯形逻辑图
ON-delay timer 通电延时定时器OFF-delay timer 断电延时定时器retentive timer 保持定时器proximity timer 接近开关electromechanical control 机电控制mobile robots 可移动机器人manipulator robots 操作机器人
self reconfigurable robots 自变形（重装）机器人
Analog-to-Digital Converter A/D模数转换器
Digital-to-Analog Converter D/A模数转换器
ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)专用采集电路
Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换
Z-transform Z变换
valve 阀
pump 泵
motor 发动机
cavitation 气穴
hydraulic 液压的
equilibrium position 平衡位置vibration(oscillation) 振动transducer 饱和电抗器,传感器，变频器
reservoir 油箱
pump with electric motor 电力马达泵unloader and safety relief valve 减荷
器和安全卸压阀
check valve 止回阀
accumulator 蓄电池
valve manifold 阀箱
electronic control card 电子控制插件cylinder 汽缸
hydraulic motor 液压发动机return line filter 回油阀
derivative 导数
displacement 位移
velocity 速度
acceleration 加速度
peak amplitude 振幅峰值
digital signal processing 数字信号处理
二、汉译英（20分）
1.滑轮相比机器的缺点是使用刚性物体来传递力，滑动和伸展拉紧。
The disadvantages of pulleys, in contrast to machines that use rigid objects to transfer force,are slipping and stretching.
2.齿轮是通过相继啮合齿方式传递运动机械元件。
Gears are machine elements that transmit motion by means of successively engaging teeth.
3.简单的并联电路，所有部件连接电相同的两组之间的共同点,创建电子从电池的一端流到其他多个路径。
With simple parallel circuits, all components are connected between the same two sets of electrically common points，creating multiple paths for electrons to flow from one end of the battery to the other.
4.在其最简单的形式中，振动可以被认为是振荡或物体围绕平衡位置的重复运动。
In its simplest form, vibration can be considered to be the oscillation or repetitive motion of an object around an equilibrium position.
三、英译汉（50分，5道）
https://www.docsj.com/doc/081837370.html,plex machines are made up of moving parts such as inclined planes,levers,gears,cams,cranks, Springs,belts,and wheels.
复杂的机器是由运动部件组成，如倾斜面，杠杆，齿轮，凸轮，曲柄，弹簧，皮带和轮子。
2.An inclined plane decreases the force required to raise an object a given height by increasing the distance over which a force must be applied.
倾斜面通过增加在其上的力必须施加的距离，来减少提高物体的给定高度时所需的力。
3.Both the inclined plane and levers could lower the force required for a task at the price of having to apply that force over a longer distance.
倾斜面和杠杠都可以应用更长距离上的力来降低完成一个任务所需的力。
4.Pulleys can be used to simply change the direction of an applied force or to provide a force/distance tradeoff in addition to a directional change.
滑轮可被用于简单地改变作用力的方向，或除了改变方向外还提供一个力和距离的权衡。5.There are a number of different standard gear types. Examples include spur gears, change gears, cluster gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, straight bevel or spiral bevel gears, worm gears, and so on and so forth.
有许多不同的标准齿轮的类型。实例包括正齿轮，变速齿轮，簇齿轮组，斜齿轮，人字齿轮，直齿锥或螺旋锥齿轮，蜗轮，依此类推等等。
6.A cam mechanism usually consists of two moving elements, the cam and the follower. 一凸轮机构，通常包括两个运动元件，该凸轮和从动件。
7.We can classify cam mechanisms by the modes of input/output motion, the configuration and arrangement of the follower, and the shape of the cam.
我们可以通过输入/输出运动，配置和从动的布置，和凸轮的形状的模式分类凸轮机构。
8.In a cam mechanism, when the cam turns through one motion cycle, the follower executes a series of events consisting of rises, dwells and returns.
在一个凸轮机构中，当凸轮转过一个运动周期时，从动件执行一系列由上升、停留和返回的动作。
9.Electrons and protons are said to have opposite electric charges.
电子和质子具有相反的电荷。
10.Voltage can be generated by means other than rubbing certain types of materials against each other. Chemical reactions, radiant energy, and the influence of magnetism on conductors are a few ways in which voltage may be produced.
电压除了能通过一些类型不同的材料相互摩擦产生之外，化学反应，辐射能，磁场对导体的影响也是产生电压的方法。
11.Kirchhoffs Current Law states that the sum of the currents entering a node must be zero.
基尔霍夫电流定律陈述了流过一个节点的电流总和必须为零。
12.Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the sum of the potential drops around a loop in a circuit must be zero.
基尔霍夫电压定律陈述了在电路中的回路的点位下降总和必须为零。
13.If a sinusoidally varying voltage source, one that oscillates positively and negatively in time with the shape of a sine wave, is connected across the capacitor, it can be shown that the voltage across the capacitor "lags" the current by in phase, meaning that the voltage peaks occur 1/4 of an oscillation period later in time relative to the current peaks. 如果一个以正弦波形式随时间正负变化的电压源加在电容上，将会使电容电压在相位上滞后于电流，即该电压的峰值会比电流的峰值晚出现四分之一个周期的时间。
14.The first integrated circuits were created in the late 1950s in response to a demand from the military for miniaturized electronics to be used in missile control systems.
第一个集成电路是在50年代末创建的，以响应微型电子在军事导弹控制系统中使用的需求。
15.One method of adding dopants to create a layer of P or N regions is atomic diffusion. The second method to add dopants is ion implantation.
添加掺杂剂来创建层P或N区的一个方法是原子的扩散。添加掺杂剂的第二个方法是离子注入。
16.The process of masking and etching or doping is repeated for each successive layer depending on the doping process used until all of the integrated circuit chips are complete.
根据晶片掺杂工艺的不同，对每一连续的层重复进行掩膜和蚀刻或掺杂，直到整个集成电路芯片被完成。
17.A programmable logic controller consists of the following components: central processing unit (CPU), memory, input modules, output modules and power supply.
可编程序逻辑控制器由以下部分组成：中央处理单元（CPU），存储器，输入模块，输出模块和电源。
18.When a PLC is executing a ladder logic program, it examines the input modules first. It stores the status (HIGH or LOW) of the input devices, which are connected to the input modules, to memory bits assigned to the inputs. Then, the PLC scans the ladder logic program rung-by-rung from the top of the program to the bottom.
当PLC正在执行一个梯形逻辑程序时，它首先检查输入模块。它存储连接了输入模块的输入设备的状态（高或低），并分配到输入存储位中。然后，PLC从程序的顶部至底部逐级扫描梯形逻辑程序。
19.An ON-delay timer is enabled when its rung is true. An OFF-delay timer is enabled when its rung is false.
通电延迟定时器响应时，其梯级为真。一个断电延时定时器响应时，其梯级为假。
20.A robot is an etectro-mechanical/bio-mechanical device(s) that can perform autonomous or preprogrammed tasks.
机器人是一种能够执行自主的或预编程任务的机电或生物机械装置。
21.A robot may act under the direct control of a human or autonomously under the control of a programmed computer.
机器人能在人的直接控制下或者在可编程计算机的自动控制下工作。
22.The word "robot"is used in a general sense to mean any machine which mimics the actions of a human (biomimicry), in the physical sense or in the mental sense.
“机器人”这个词被用在一般意义上是指任何在身体或精神上模仿人类的行为(仿生)的机器23.The word robot is also used to refer to a wide range of machines, the common feature of which is that they are all capable of movement and can be used to perform physical task.
机器人这个词也指大范围的机器,其共同的特点是,他们都能运动,可以用来执行物理任务。
24.Since a digital computer has finite precision, extra care is needed to ensure the errors in coefficients, A/D conversion, D/A conversion, etc. are not producing undesired or unplanned effects.
因为数字计算机精度有限,需额外注意协同因素,A/ D转换、D / A转换等不会产生不想要的或意外的效果。
25.Water hydraulic systems employ all the basic types of components seen in conventional systems -pumps, motors, cylinders, valves, filters and reservoirs.
水液压系统使用的所有基本类型的组件：泵、电机、气缸、阀门、过滤器和蓄水池在常规的系统中也能看得到。
26.Because of the greater pressure wave propagation found in water, special care must be given when designing water hydraulic systems in order to prevent water hammer.
由于在水中存在巨大的压力波,所以在设计水液压系统时必须特别小心,以防止水锤。
27.The most serious effect vapor pressure has in hydraulic systems is cavitation, which is the formation and collapse of bubbles in the hydraulic medium.
对液压系统蒸汽压有最严重影响的是汽化,这是在液压介质中泡沫形成和崩溃的原因。
28.If there were no friction in the system, the oscillation would continue at the same rate and same amplitude forever.
如果没有摩擦的系统，振荡将永远以相同的速率和相同的幅度保持着。
29.In many cases, the signal of interest is initially in the form of an analog electrical voltage or current, produced for example by a microphone or some other type of transducer.
在很多情况下,感知信号的最初形式是模拟电压或电流,例如可通过麦克风或其他类型的传感器产生。
30.Signals commonly need to be processed in a variety of ways. For example, the output signal from a transducer may well be contaminated with unwanted electrical "noise".
信号通常需要以多种方式处理。例如,传感器的输出信号可能含有多余的电子“噪音”。
31.A DSP is a programmable device, with its own native instruction code.
数字信号处理器是一种可编程设备,有自己的本地指令代码。
32.DSPs can also be embedded within complex "'system-on-chip" devices, often containing both analog and digital circuitry.
数字信号处理器也可以嵌入在复杂的“s片上系统”设备,通常包含两个模拟和数字电路。
33.Although some of the mathematical theory underlying DSP techniques, such as Fourier and Hilbert Transforms, digital filter design and signal compression, can be fairly complex, the numerical operations required actually to implement these techniques are very simple, consisting mainly of operations that could be done on a cheap four-function calculator.
尽管一些数学理论基础的DSP技术,如傅里叶和希尔伯特变换、数字滤波器设计和信号压缩,可以相当复杂,在数值的实际操作上需要实现这些技术非常简单,主要包括的操作可以在一个廉价的四功能计算器进行。
(完整版)机电专业英语
一．单词翻译(英译汉，汉译英共20分） compound pulley 组合滑轮 screw 螺丝 worm gear 涡轮 clearance fit 间隙配合 transition fit 过渡配合 interference fit 过盈配合 ground teeth 精密齿 gear reductions 齿轮减速比aluminum 铝 brass 黄铜 bronze 青铜 cast iron 铸铁 carbon 碳钢 alloy steel 合金钢 hardened steel 硬化钢 stainless steel 不锈钢 plastic materials 塑料材料 gear teeth 齿轮 straight-toothed 直齿轮 rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮 straight bevel gears 直齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gears 弧齿锥齿轮friction 摩擦 lubrication 润滑 lubricant 润滑剂 full fluid film lubrication 全液态薄膜润滑 boundary lubrication 边界润滑elastrohydrodynamic lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑 proton 质子 neutron 中子 parallel circuit 并联电路 series circuit 串联电路 electron 电子 inductor 电感 capacitor 电容 conductor 导体 semiconductor 半导体 metal-oxide-semiconductor 金属氧化物半导体 integrated circuit 集成电路integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片 dopant 掺杂剂 mask 掩膜 doping 掺杂 photoresist 感光胶 etch 蚀刻法 dielectric 非传导性（电介质）rung 梯级 branch 分支 instructions 指令 power rails 母线 quantity 数量 parameter 参数 ladder diagram 梯形逻辑图 ON-delay timer 通电延时定时器OFF-delay timer 断电延时定时器retentive timer 保持定时器proximity timer 接近开关electromechanical control 机电控制mobile robots 可移动机器人manipulator robots 操作机器人 self reconfigurable robots 自变形（重装）机器人 Analog-to-Digital Converter A/D模数转换器 Digital-to-Analog Converter D/A模数转换器 ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)专用采集电路 Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换 Z-transform Z变换 valve 阀 pump 泵 motor 发动机 cavitation 气穴 hydraulic 液压的 equilibrium position 平衡位置vibration(oscillation) 振动transducer 饱和电抗器,传感器，变频器 reservoir 油箱 pump with electric motor 电力马达泵unloader and safety relief valve 减荷
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 11
Unit 11CAD and Applications I. Lead in Information related to the text Do you know what the Computer Aided Design (CAD) is? Do you know the history of CAD? What are the advantages of the CAD? Maybe you have used the CAD yet, but do you know how you can use it? Can you give an example? In the unit, you will study the development of CAD and how it is widely used. Now, let’s study new words and phrases together. II. Word Study 1. appropriate [?'pr?uprieit] a. 适当的v. 占用；拨出 1）Use the lists below to select the appropriate delimiter. 请用下面的列表选择相应的定界符。 2）A focus and concern on climate change is entirely appropriate. 对于气候变化的聚焦和关注是完全恰当的。 3）This is the "all appropriate measures" school of policy analysis. 这是政策分析中的“所有适当措施”学派。 2. interactive [,int?'r?ktiv] a. 交互式的，相互作用的 1）Reading is a complex and interactive process. 阅读是一个复杂和互动的过程。 2）A dialog between a user and an interactive data processing system. 一种用户与交互式数据处理系统间的对话（过程）。 3）EVEN when one person is doing all the talking, a conversation is an interactive process. 即使只是一个人在滔滔不绝，谈话也是一项双边交流的过程。 3. standard ['st?nd?d] n. 标准，规格a. 标准的 1）The standard answer is that we need better leaders. 标准答案就是，我们需要更好的领导。 2）For such a series it is usual to design a standard margin . 对于这种系列图幅，通常是设计一种标准图廓。 3）We see that this is the standard of perfection attained under nature. 我们可以看到这就是自然界中所得到的完善化的标准。 4. sophisticate [s?'fistikeit] n. 久经世故的人v. 曲解；使复杂，使精致 1）If you are wrong, admit it rather than sophisticate. 错了就要承认，不要强词夺理。 2）Alter with the intention to deceive; Sophisticate rose water with geraniol.
机电专业英语复习题及答案(可编辑修改word版)
机电专业英语期末复习试题 一．选择题 1.If all points in a linkage move in parallel planes the system undergoes plan ar motion and the linkage may be described as a . A.planar motion B. planar linkage C. joints D. slide 2.Though frame material and design should handle damping, are sometimes built into frame sections to handle specific problems. A .beams B. holes C. dampers D. screw 3.The maximum allowable deflection of a shaft determined by critical s peed, gear, or bearing requirements. A. often B. must C. was D. is usually 4.We will have to to better and better solutions as we generate more in formation. A. repeat many times B. iterating C. iterate D. try ways 5.If a product configuration is specified and then examined to determ ine whether the performance requirements are met. A. finally B. tentatively C. temporary D. have been 6.Manufacturing can be defined as the of raw materials into useful prod ucts through the use of the easiest and lest-expensive methods. A. transformation B. processing C. process D. transforming 7.The planer and knee types of milling machine is because of its flexibi lity. https://www.docsj.com/doc/081837370.html,ed most commonly B. most popular C. the most commonly used D. mo st powerful 8.As a result, the system will vibrate at the frequency of the force re gardless of the initial conditions or natural frequency of the system. A. action B. excitation C. out D. act 9.Before two components are assembled together, the relationship between the d imensions of the mating surfaces . A.must be giving out B. should printed clearly C. must be specified D . should be clearly noted 10.The main practical advantage of lower pairs is their better ability to trap lubricant between their surfaces. A. enveloping B. mating C. outer D. outside 11.The word itself usually refers to the deterioration of metals and cer amics, while similar phenomena in plastics generally called . A. recrystallization…. corrosion B. recrystallization…degradation C. degradation…corrosion D. corrosion… degradation 12.Most frames cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete. A. are made from B. are made up of C. was produced by D. was consist of 13.Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designe d to avoid operation at speeds. A . low B .overload C. critical D. hollow
(完整版)《机电工程专业英语》A卷.doc
四川理工学院成人高等教育 《机电工程专业英语》试卷（ A 卷） 年级三年级 专业机电一体化 ZK931101 层次专科 号 题号一二三四五六七八总分评阅(统分)人 学 题分20 30 20 30 得 分 注意事项： 线 名 1.满分 100 分。要求卷面整洁、字迹工整、无错别字。 姓 订 生 2.考生必须将“学生姓名”和“学号”完整、准确、清楚地填写在试卷规定的地方，否则视为 学 装 此 废卷。 过 3.考生必须在签到表上签到，否则若出现遗漏，后果自负。 要 得分 评阅教师 级 不 一、选择题： 班 题 业 专 答 选择括号中提供的单词或短语，并以正确的形式填空。 （每空 2 分，共 20 分） ( send out, focus on, deny, prove, make sure, equip with, shock, accomplish, vary from, call ) （ 1） A week ago he received a notice stating his application was . （ 2） Effective teaching is the learning needs of each student in the class. （ 3） His mother when she heard about the accident. ) （ 4） He a number of e-mail messages to his friends. 班 （ 5） Position measurement in NC machines 属 can through direct or indirect methods. 直 ( （ 6） The actual programming commands needed will 点 also builder to builder. 学 （ 7） This method to be very successful. 教 （8） that the instructions for the use of this high pre are strictly observed. （9） The majority of NC/CNCmachine tools automatic too such as magazines on machining center and turrets on turning centers. （10） The movements are detected and counted by a feedback device a transducer. 得分 评阅教师 二、名词解释： 写出下列英文缩写的全称 ,并翻译成中文。 （每题 3 分，共 30 分） （ 1） PLC （ 2） CIM （ 3） AGV （ 4） FMS （ 5） ROM （ 6） CPU （ 7） CNC （ 8） CAD （ 9） GUI （ 10） JIT 得分 评阅教师 三、汉译英： 将下列术语翻译成英文。 （每题 2 分，共 20 分） （ 1） 在线编程 （ 2） 装配有（某设备） （ 3） 钻床 （ 4） 齿轮加工 （ 5） 穿孔纸带 （ 6） 切削中心 （ 7） 加工中心 （ 8） 光电开关 （ 9） 显示面板 （ 10） 超声波加工 得分 评阅教师 四、英译汉
机电专业英语第2版电子教案unit 4
Unit 4 Heat Treatment& Hot Working of Metals Ⅰ. Lead-in Steel is an alloy that consists mostly of iron and has a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Carbon is the most common alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used, such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten. Carbon and other elements act as a hardening agent, preventing dislocations in the iron atom crystal lattice from sliding past one another. Varying the amount of alloying elements and the form of their presence in the steel (solute elements, precipitated phase) controls qualities such as the hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of the resulting steel. Steel with increased carbon content can be made harder and stronger than iron, but such steel is also less ductile than iron. Though steel had been produced by various inefficient methods long before the Renaissance, its use became more common after more-efficient production methods were devised in the 17th century. With the invention of the Bessemer process in the mid-19th century, steel became an inexpensive mass-produced material. Further refinements in the process, such as basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS), lowered the cost of production while increasing the quality of the metal. Today, steel is one of the most common materials in the world, with more than 1.3 billion tons produced annually. It is a major component in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, automobiles, machines, appliances, and weapons. Modern steel is generally identified by various grades defined by assorted standards organizations. II. Word Stud y 1. molecular[m?'lekj?l?] a. 由分子组成的, 分子的 1)molecular structure 分子结构 2) We think of magnetism as a molecular phenomenon. 我们认为电磁是一种分子现象。 3) The investigations were performed at molecular level. 研究是在分子的层次上进行的。 2. liable ['lai?bl] a. 有责任的，有义务的，应受罚的，有…倾向的 1) be liable to seasickness容易晕船 2) One who works under the hot sun is liable to sunstroke. 在炎热的阳光底下工作很容易引起中暑。 3) People are liable to judge others from their own first impressions. 人们容易用他们自己的最初印象来评价别人。 3. squeeze [skwi:z] v. 挤(压，干)，压榨，勒索，紧握
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 7
Unit 7 The Injection Molding and Machine I. Lead in Information related to the text Do you know what is called an injection molding machine? Can you give an example of it? What does it work? In this unit you will learn some the Injection Molding and Machine concept, how it is wide application. Now, let's learn new words and phrases. II. Word Study 1. inject [in'd?ekt]vt.注射，注入injection n.注射，投资，注射剂 1）A sterile applicator is used to inject the microchip just under the skin. 一个消过毒的涂药器被注射进微型芯片在表皮之下。 2）Major banks around the world are joining forces to inject as much as 180 billion dollars into global money markets. 全世界的主要银行都加入了抵制注入180亿美元到全球的经济市场中的行动。 3）Fire ants get their name because when they sting, they inject poison into the skin that causes a feeling of intense burning. Some people suffer life-threatening reactions. 火蚁因当他们叮住目标时会将一种能导致灼热感的有毒物质注入皮肤而得名。有些还会有生命危险的反应。 4）There would be no need for injection, since the vaccine would be taken by mouth. 通过口服疫苗，我们就不需要注射了。 2. melt [melt] vt. 使软化，使融化，使熔化，使感动 1）This element is of proper shape and cross-section to carry rated current continuously and to melt in accordance with a specific time-current characteristic on heavy overload or short circuit. 此可熔断元件恰当的形状和横截面使其可连续通过额定电流，而对于严重过负荷或短路，按规定的时间一电流特性而熔断。 2）Either it exposes land, which then warms up; or it forms ponds (or lakes or streams) of meltwater on the surface of the ice, which absorb energy and melt more ice. 融冰过程要么导致陆地暴露并且温度升高，要么在冰层表面形成池塘（或湖泊，或溪流），并吸收能量，融化更多的冰。 3）Her money seemed to melt away in Paris. 在巴黎她的钱似乎自行消失了。
机电工程专业英语
Unit 1 原子钟 电子或电子计时装置是由原子或分子的震荡控制的。一个计时装置必须包含或者连到一些均匀震荡的的仪器上来控制指针的移动的频率或者数字改变的频率。机械钟或者手表利用震荡平衡轮，钟摆和音叉。更高的精度或许利用原子或分子震荡，因为这种震荡频率如此高，不肯能用他们做控制时钟的直接手段.。然而，这种钟被一种高速平稳输出可以自动增加而且可以与原子系统的比较的晶体振荡器控制。这种震荡器的错误会自动改正。时间通常是由数字原子时钟或者其他的复杂的读数设备显示的。 第一个原子时钟，发明与1948年，利用氨分子的振动。一对这样的时钟之间的误差，也就是说，在指定的时间如果两者统一瞬间启动然后比较,区别通常是三千年差一秒。在1955年，第一个铯束时钟（一种利用铯原子发射精密频率的微波光谱线作为参考的设备），在英国的特丁顿国家物理实验所投放操作。美国的标准是nist f-1，他是在1999年进入服务的并且在两千万年里不会快或者慢一秒。一个喷泉原子钟，NIST F-1原子钟包含由高3英尺的垂直管的内部结构.他用激光冷却铯原子，在空气中用激光摇匀形成铯原子团。特别像一个摇匀的网球。形成喷泉效果。这允许原子比以前的任何时钟都要观察的远。 许多世界国家的标准实验室保存着原子钟，用这些时钟平均产生叫TAI的标准来维持时间。高精度的时间信号是来源于这些标准实验室通过短波无线广播站或者人造卫星向全世界传播的。这种信号被用来跟踪太空飞行器，电子导航系统和地壳的瞬间的研究等事情。这些精确的时钟使利用实验证明了一个很大的预言-爱因斯坦的相对论成为可能。原子钟的原型是用氢原子或者铍原子这样的原子可以几千年仍可以很准确。比如：美国家标准与技术研究院的研究人员已经证明过渡在一个基于能源困汞离子（汞原子丢失了一个电子）的时钟潜在着比目前时钟精确度高达1000倍。 Unit 2 制动（刹车）系统 制动（刹车）踏板或者用手杆来激活（启动）刹车（制动），对于低功率的机器或者车，操作人员通常可以提供足够的力通过一个简单的机械运动把刹车踏板或者操作杆联系到刹车的部分上。然而，大多数情况下，这种力可以通过一种精心制作的系统来增加。 空气制动系统 空气制动系统是一种早期的系统用来增加制动力，也可以叫做空气制动，它是由美国乔治西屋的制造商发明的并与1868年第一次使用在乘客火车上。现在他被广泛应用在铁路火车上。它的基本原理是利用压缩运动空气使油箱的活塞安放在车轮上的闸块式制动器。动作同时作用在火车车厢的轮子上。通过连轴器连接的车厢之间通过用结实的管子传递空气。与此同时，通过工程师控制他释放在所有的单独的闸块式制动器部位。在制动管损坏，泄露或者是刹车部位损坏，它有自动提供所有闸块式刹车设置。空气制动系统也被应用在地铁，有轨电车，公共汽车和卡车。
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 13
Unit 13 Alternating current I. Lead in 1. What’s an alternating current? 2. What’s the most common wave in AC? 3. In AC circuits, is the instantaneous power equal to the average power? 4. Which portion of power flow is known as active power/reactive power? 5. What is the relationship among real, reactive and apparent power? II. Word Study 1. accomplish [?'k?mpli?, ?'k?m-] vt. 完成；实现；达到 1) accomplish one’s aim, a task 达到目的、完成任务 2) A system is a group of components that work together to accomplish an objective. 系统就是为实现一个目标而共同工作的一组部件。 3) Set priorities. Accomplish the most important tasks first, and avoid physical overexertion. 把握好轻重缓急。首先完成最重要的任务，并防止身体过度疲劳 2. analogous [?'n?l?ɡ?s] adj. 类似的，相似的；可比拟的(to，with)【计算机】模拟的；【生物学】同功的；【自动化】模拟的 1）The two processes are not analogous. 这两种过程不相似。 2）The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危机与大战前夕的形势类似。 3. distinct [dis'ti?kt] adj. 明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的 1）The footprints are quite distinct; they must be fresh. 足迹清晰易辨，一定是不久前留下来的。 2）I had the distinct impression that I was being watched. 我很明显地感觉到有人在监视我。 3）The was a distinct sense of embarrassment in the air. 周围的气氛中有一种明显的局促不安的感觉。 4. manifest ['m?nifest] vt. 证明，表明；显示vi. 显示，出现n. 载货单，货单；旅客名单adj. 显然的，明显的；明白的 1）manifest the truth of a statement 证明某说法属实 2）manifest fear, hatred, etc 显示恐惧、憎恨等 3）She manifested little interest in her studies. 她对学习显得没有什么兴趣。
《机械工程专业英语》教学大纲
《机械工程专业英语》课程教学大纲 一、课程的基本情况 课程中文名称: 机械工程专业英语 课程英文名称： ENGLISH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 课程代码：0304030 课程类别：必修 课程学分：２分 课程学时：18 授课对象：机电（电专）学生 前导课程：机械设计、机械原理、大学英语 二、教学目的 机械工程专业英语是机械工程及自动化专业的一门指选专业课程。其教学目的是使学生完成大学英语的教学后及时转入专业英语阅读，巩固已经掌握的基本词汇和语法知识,扩大专业词汇，掌握科技文章的语法结构，提高英语应用能力，特别是阅读、翻译本专业英语文献的能力。达到以英语为工具，获取专业所需要的信息。 三、教学基本要求 第1课力学基本概念 Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in Mechanics 重点：力学的基本词汇和力学知识 第3课力和力矩 Lesson 3 Forces and Moments 重点：力学的基本词汇和基本知识 第5课轴和联轴器 Lesson 5 Shafts and Couplings 重点：轴的基本词汇和基本知识 第13课机构 Lesson 13 Mechanism 重点：机构的基本词汇和基本知识 第17课机械设计基础 Lesson 17 Fundamentals of Mechanical Design 重点：机械设计的基本词汇和基本知识 第45课计算机与制造业 Lesson 45 The computer and Manufacturing 重点：计算机与制造业的基本词汇和基本知识 翻译技巧：词类转换 第49课数字控制 Lesson 49 Numerical Control 重点：数字控制的基本词汇和基本知识 翻译技巧：成分转换 第53课工业机器人
机电专业英语
1Thyristors should not be confused with bipolar junction transistors or field-effect transistors. 不应将晶闸管与双结型晶体管（bipolar junction transistors，BJTs）或场效应管（field-effect transistors，FETs）混淆起来. 2BJTs and FETs are both capable of performing switching operations. As a rule, these devices are not as efficient as thyristor and do not have the power-handling capability. BJTs与FETs都能够完成开关操作。按照惯例，这些器件并没有晶闸管那么有效率且不具备功率（电力）处理能力。 3Thyristors are used as power control devices, whereas transistors are primarily used in amplifying applications. 晶闸管通常用作电力控制器件，而晶体管主要用于信号放大。 4A variety of unidirectional thyristors is now being used in industrial electronic applications. One of the first to be developed was the silicon-controlled rectifier(SCR). The term thyristor was derived form the words thyratron-transistor. 工业电子应用系统目前使用了很多种单向晶闸管。可控硅整流器（silicon-controlled rectifier, SCR）就是最初开发出的三极管之一。术语晶闸管“thyristor”源自于单词“thyratron-transistor”。 5An SCR is classified as a reverse blocking triode thyristor. This means that the device has conductibility in only one direction. When its anode and cathode are reverse biased, the device will not conduct. SCR被归类为反向阻断晶闸管。这意味着该器件仅在一个方向上导通。当其阳极、负极处于反偏时，它不导通。 6The silicon-controlled switch(SCS) and the programmable unijunction transistor(PUT) are two other thyristors of this classification. 可控硅开关(silicon-controlled switch, SCS)和可编程单结晶体管(programmable unijunction transistor, PUT)是该类的另外两种晶闸管。 7The internal construction of an op-amp is quite complex and usually contains a large number of discrete components. 运算放大器的内部结构非常复杂，它通常包含大量的分离元件。 8A person working with an op-amp does not ordinarily need to be concerned with its internal construction. It is helpful, however, to have some general understanding of what the internal circuitry accomplishes. 使用运算放大器工作的人一般并不需要关心其内部结构。然而，了解其内部电路所具备功能的一般常识是很有帮助地。 9This permits the user to see how the device performs and indicates some of its limitations as a functioning unit. 这就让用户明白该器件是怎样工作的，当然也显示出其作为一个功能单元的一些局限。 10The first stage or input of an op-amp is usually a differential amplifier. This amplifier has two inputs, which are labeled V1 and V2. 运算放大器的内部结构非常复杂，它通常包含大量的分离元件。运算放大器的输入或者其第一级通常是一个差分放大器。该放大器有两个分别标为V1、V2的输入端。 11It provides high gain of the signal difference supplied to the two inputs and low gain for common signals applied to both inputs simultaneously. 它对同时施加在两个输入端的差分、共模信号分别提供高、低增益。
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 2
Unit 2 Machine Elements I. Lead in Information related to the text Do you know what is referred to as a machine element? Which elements are associated in pairs? Can you give an example? What is the most common machine element? How can the supporting structure be assembled? Why does the individual reliability of machine elements become the basis for estimating the overall life expectancy of a machine? Maybe you have seen and you are much interested in some machine elements, of course also interested in these questions. In this unit, you’ll learn some machine elements and know how they are widely used in industry. Now, let’s study new words and phrases together. II. Word Study 1. individual [,indi'vidju?l] adj. 个别的n. 个人,个体 1）These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes. 这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好. 2）Who was the individual champion? 谁是个人项目的冠军？ 3）Am I a Business or Individual account? 我采用企业帐户还是个人帐户？ 2. dismantle [dis'm?ntl] v. 拆除．．．的设备, 分解 1）To dismantle or raze; tear down. 拆除，毁坏：拆除，摧毁；拆毁 2）Before mounting, You can not dismantle the plug of port in case the dirty entering . 装机前不得将各油口堵塞拆掉，以防脏物进入。 3）The pressure test is over. Now decrease the pressure , dismantle the pipe and check the inside of the pipe. 压力试验通过了，把压力放掉，拆开管子，检查管子内部。 3. perform [p?'f?:m] v. 执行,表演,做 1）Lasers can be used to perform operations nowadays. 现在激光可以用来做手术。 2）To perform operations on data in a process. 对一个过程﹝进程﹞中的数据进行操作。 3）Able to assemble and disassemble molds and perform mold repair work as instructed. 能够组装和拆卸注塑模具，并按规定进行模具维修工作。 4. associate [?'s?u?ieit] n. 同伴, 伙伴v. 联合, 联想adj. 副的 1）I don't want to associate myself with them any more.
机电专业英语翻译
P67 传动轴是用于支撑滑轮和轮子使它们能够完成基本转动功能的机械 零件。传动轴有各种各样的形状和应用，它是由各种长度的金属棒料制成并且其表面被加工成一定的尺寸。由于转轴承受载荷并传送动力，因此承受正在工作的机器零件的应力和应变。为了使结构和操作安全经济，已经形成了标准化的程序来确定材料的特性和尺寸所需 实心轴传动轴的正常形式是实心棒。实心轴在工业上可以从圆的棒材获得，最大直径可达15cm，它是由热轧和冷拉制成或用直径余量为6mm或更小的棒料机械加工而成。对于更大尺寸的轴，需要专门的轧制程序，而特大的轴是由钢锭锻造成合适的形状。尤其是实心轴，轴被做成台阶状以使中间部分承受更大的强度，而在其端部轴承处直径最小。台阶允许肩部在转子安装时将压在轴上的各种部件定位。 空心轴为了减少重量，实心传动轴被镗孔或钻孔或使用空心管和管材。空心轴还允许内部支撑或让其他传动轴穿过其内部工作。在喷气式飞机发动机内位于空气压缩器和燃气涡轮中间的主轴是空心的，允许有一个需要最小空间和重量的内部减速轴。一个具有同样扭转强度的空心轴比实心轴的直径大，但重量轻。由铸锭制造的大轴的轴心通常被镗出孔以 . 消除缺陷，而且也允许目测检查铸造裂纹。
P70 联轴器是用来把相邻的两个轴端连接起来的装置，在机械结构中，联轴器被用来实现相邻的转轴之间的半永久性连接。在机器的正常使用期间，这种连接一般不必拆开，这种意义上，可以说联轴器的连接是永久性的，但在紧急情况下，或者在更换已磨损的零件时，可以先把联轴器拆开，然后再联接上。 在把属于不同的设备（例如一个电动机和一个变速箱）的轴联接起来的时候，需要把这些轴精确的对准是比较困难的，此时可以采用弹性联轴器，这种联轴器联接轴的方式可以把由于被联接的轴之间的轴线的不重合所造成的有害影响减少到最低程度）。弹性联轴器也允许被联接的轴在他们各自的载荷系统作用下产生偏斜或在轴线方向自由移动（浮动）而不互相干扰。弹性联轴器也可以用来减轻从一根轴传到另一根轴上的冲击载荷和震动的强度。 电机中的转子有转动惯量，当电机启动时需要一个扭矩带动其运转到一定的速度。如果电动机的轴与具有很大转动惯量的负载刚性地联接在一起，当合上开关使电机突然启动时，有可能在电动机没有来得及产生足够的的扭矩，使电动机的轴达到应有的转速前，电动机内的线圈就会因为过大的电流而被烧毁。电机和负载轴之间的离合器会限制电机的启动转矩只到加速转子和离合器部件的所需数值。