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初中英语语法宾语从句讲解

初中英语语法宾语从句

注意！宾语从句小口诀：

宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；

主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,

特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解

1　概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)

He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)

Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)

2.连接词

(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。

e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go

with us.

(2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序

eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .

注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。

a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether 不用if

eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.

b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether.

eg, Please let me know what to do next.

Could you tell me whether u go or not?

c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.

(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g. Could you tell me what's the

matter\wrong with you?

特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。

3.宾语从句时态

a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?

b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：

I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.）

注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：

He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us （that light travels much

faster than sound.）　

4.、人称的变化和标点的使用

a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife？”He asked me.

→He asked me if he might use my knife.

“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me.

→He asked me if I know her telephone number.

b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.

Do you know？Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?

二、宾语从句的转化

1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语

相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：

She agreed that she could help me with my maths.

→She agreed to help me with my maths.

2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：

I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.

3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park?

4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear 等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，

宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.

→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.

宾语从句专项习题

巩固练习

1.Have you decided ________for Australia?

A. when will you leave

B. when do you leave

C. you will leave when

D. when you will leave

2.Can you tell me _________ ?

A. where does Tom live

B. where Tom lived

C. Tom lives where

D. where Tom lives

3.The old man asked me ________ .

A. where was the cinema

B. where is the cinema

C. where the cinema was

D. where

was the way to the cinema

4.I think _______ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how

5.I didn’t know _______ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how

6.I wonder _________ .

A. how much cost these shoes

B. how much do these shoes cost

C. how much these shoes cost

D. how much are these shoes cost

7.She asked me _________ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is

8.Ask him ___.

A. whose cup this is

B. whose cup is this

C. this is whose cup

D. whose is this cup

9.I don’t know _________ .

A. what time the movie starts

B. what time starts the movie

C. the time to start the movie

D. the movie what time starts

10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .

A. was I ill

B. have I been ill

C. I

have been ill D. I had been ill

11.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.

A. if it rains tomorrow

B. if does it rain tomorrow

C. if it will rain tomorrow

D. if will it rain tomorrow

12.Do you know _________?

A. whose pen is this

B. whose pen this is

C. whom does the pen belong to

D. whom the pen belong to

13.Could you tell me where _________?

A. the tape was

B. was the tape

C. the tape is

D. is the tape

14.They want to know _________?

A. where is the hospital

B. how old are you

C. when the train will leave

D. why is the boy crying

15.Tony wanted to know _________.

A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking

B. when Father Christmas had put in his

stocking

C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking

D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking

16.No one knows ___ the professor will come to

our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.

A. when

B. whether

C. where

D. if

17.July didn’t know_________.

A. where is Tim’s father

B. when was the first watch made

C. who the old man is

D. what was wrong with her watch

18.No one told us _________, so we need your help.

A. how should we do

B. what we should do

C. how to do

D. what should we do

19.We don’t know _________ with the rubbish

and it pollutes out land and sea.

A. how do it

B. how to do

C. what do it

D. what to do

20.He asked me _________.

A. whether I find out the sender of the money

B. whether did I find out the sender of the money

C. whether the sender of the money found out

D. whether I found out the sender of the money

21. Did you hear ______? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say

22. Can you tell me ________?

A. which class you are in

B. which class are you in

C. you are in which class

D. are you in which class

23. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me _______? --- Certainly.

A. when can I get to the station

B. I can get to which station

C. which station can I get to

D. how

I can get to the station

24. Could you tell me where _______ yesterday?

A. did you go

B. you go

C. you have gone

D. you went

25. Tom asked me ________.

A. whose shirt was this

B. whose shirt this was

C. who shirt was this

D. who shirt this was

26. Excuse me, could you tell me _______?

A. where’s the teachers’ office

B. where’s the bus station

C. what’s she doing

D. where the post office is

27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don’t know _______.

A. she lives where

B. she where lives

C. where she lives

D. where does she live

28. --- Go and ask Mr. White for help. --- But I don’t know _______.

A. where does he live

B. where he lives

C. where is he living

D. he lives there

29. --- Can you tell me ______? --- Yes, he lives in a small town.

A. where he lives

B. who is singing

C. when he will leave

D. what he said

30. Have you decided ______ for London?

A. when will you leave

B. when you will leave

C. when are you going

D. when you are going

31. Excuse me. Could you tell me ______our tickets?

A. where do we show

B. where shall we show

C. where did we show

D. where we shall show

32. --- What are you interested in about cooking food? --- We are all interested in ______.

A. how egg is fried

B. how is egg fried

C. How egg fries

D. how does egg fry

33. Do you know _______? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it

34. Do you know _______?

A. whose book is this

B. whose book this is

C. this book is whose

D. who’s book this is

35. I don’t know ______ now.

A. where is my cat

B. my cat is where

where my cat is D. where my cat

36. Does he know ______?

A. what’s your name

B. what name is your

C. what your is name

D. what your name is

37. Do you know ______?

A. which floor he lives

B. which floor he lives on

C. he lives on which floor

D. which floor does he lives on

38. Tell me where ____? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is

39. He hasn’t decided _______.

A. if he’ll go on a trip to Wu xi

B. when will he go on a trip to Wu xi

C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi

D. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi

40. Can you see ________?

A. what he’s reading

B. what is he reading

C. what does he read

D. he reads what

能力提高练习

1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you．

A. if; Whether

B. whether; Whether

C. if; That

D. if; If

2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.

A. when does he come

B. how will he come

C. if he comes

D. whether he'll come

3. Could you tell me ____the nearest hospital is?

A. what

B. how

C. whether

D. where

4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?

A. how did he mend

B. what did he mend

C. how he mended

D. what he mended

5. I want to know _________.

A. whom is she looking after

B. whom she is looking

C. whom is she looking

D. whom she is looking after

6. Do you know where _________ now?

A. he lives

B. does he live

C. he lived

D. did he live

7. Do you know what time _________?

A. the train leave

B. does the train leave

C. will the train leave

D. the train leaves

8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?

A. how the two players are old

B. how old are the two players

C. the two players are how old

D. how old the two players are

9. The small children don't know _________.

A. what is their stockings in

B. what is in their stockings

C. where is their stockings in

D. what in their stockings

10. I can't understand _____.

A. what does Christmas mean

B. what Christmas does mean

C. what mean Christmas does

D. what Christmas means

11. I don’t know _____ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where

12. Could you tell me ___________?

A. where do you live

B. who you are waiting for

C. who were you waiting for

D. where you live in

13. Do you still remember _______?

A. that he said

B. what he said

C. did he say that

D. what did he say

14. I can’t understand ______the boy alone.

A. why she left

B. why did she leave

C. why she had left

D. why had she left

15. She told me the sun ______ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen

16. They tried to find out ______ the new train ________.

A. how far/ had gone

B. how long/ has gone

C. how far/ went

D. how far / had run

17. The manager came up to see __________.

A. what was the matter

B. what the matter was

C. what the matter is

D. what’s the matter

18. Can you tell me ___________?

A. what are you doing

B. where do you study

C. what you were doing

D. what to do

19. He asked his father _______.

A. where it happens

B. where did it happen

C. how it happened

D. how did it happen

20.No one tells us______，so we need your help.

A. how we should do

B. what should we do

C. how to do it

D. what to do it

21. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.

A. how check

B. to check

C. how to check

D. to how checking

22. _______ he‘ll come or not isn‘t important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What

23. Would you like to know ____they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why 24. ─Where do you think _____ he ____ the TV set? ─ Sorry，I’ve no idea.

A./; bought

B. has; bought

C. did; buy

D. did bought

25. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.

A. how; another

B. what; more

C. how ; other

D. what; another

26. ─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes. He ____ to the USA.

A. where is he/ has been

B. where he is/ has gone

C. where was he/ has been

D. where he was/ has gone

27. ─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.

─Yes. But if it _______，we’ll visit the museum instead.

A. you have; will rain

B. you will have; will rain

C. you will have; rains

D. will you have; rains

28. I don’t know if he ______tomorrow. If he ________，I’ll meet him.

A. will come; comes

B. comes; comes

C. will come; will come

D. comes; will come 29. I really don’t know if she _______ it when she ________.

A. finds; arrives

B. finds ;will arrive

C. will find; will arrive

D. will find; arrives

30. Can you make sure _______. the gold ring?

A. where Alice has put

B. where had Alice put

C. where Alice had put

D. where has

Alice put

31. --- When are the Shuts leaving for New York?

--Pardon? --- I asked _______.

A. when are the Shuts leaving for New York

B. when the Shuts are leaving for New York

C. when were the Shuts leaving for New York

D. when the Shuts were leaving for New York

32. Could you tell me ______? I have something interesting to tell him.

A. where is Li Hong

B. where Li

Hong is

C. where was Li Hong

D. where Li

Hong has been to

33. --- Could you tell me _______?

A. how many people have been out of hospital

B. when is Thanksgiving

C. which animal does he like best

D. what time will the dolphin show start

34. I want to know _______.

A. what is his name

B. what’s his name

that his name is D. what his name is

初三英语宾语从句讲解练习

初三英语宾语从句讲解练习 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】

一、预备知识：试翻译下列句子： 1.你好吗？ 2.今天天气怎么样？ 3.你住哪里？ 4. 你什么时候出生的？ 5.你今天为什么迟到? 6.你的英语老师是谁？ 7.你有几把尺子？ 8.你在几年级几班？通过以上的8个句子可以发现规律：把下列句子变为一般疑问句： 1. He can play the drum. 2. I would like to see a film tonight. 3 . He has been to the library twice. 4. They are workers. 请把下列句子改为陈述句： 1. Do you want to go to a movie? 2. Did you finish your homework? 3. Does she live in Shanghai? 4. Can he work out the math problem? 二、考点、热点回顾（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. （二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)知识讲解

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。

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