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武汉大学考博英语试题2007

武汉大学考博英语试题2007
武汉大学考博英语试题2007

武汉大学2017博士英语

武汉大学 2017年攻读博士学位研究生外语综合水平考试试题 (满分值100分) 科目名称:英语科目代码:1101 注意:所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上,凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions:In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong with the figures. One possibility is that they fail to count the huge consumer surplus given away free of charge on the internet. But this is unconvincing. The official figures may well be understating the impact of the internet revolution, just as they downplayed the impact of electricity and cars in the past, but they are not understating it enough to explain the recent decline in productivity growth. Another, second line of argument that the productivity revolution has only just begun is more persuasive. Over the past decade many IT companies may have focused on things that were more “fun than fundamental” in Paul Krugman’s phrase.But Silicon Valley’s best companies are certainly focusing on things that change the material world.

2015~2019年武汉大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2015年武汉大学考博英语真题及详解 Part ⅠReading Comprehension (2×20=40分) Directions: In this part for the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Justice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expressions the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Old Testament is the expression “an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.”That is, the individual who has done wrong has committed an offence against society. T o make up for his offence, society must get even. This can be done only by doing an equal injury to him. This conception of retributive justice is reflected in many parts of the legal documents and procedures of modern times. It is illustrated when we demand the death penalty for a person who had committed murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel. He believed that society owed it to the criminal to give a punishment equal to the crime he had committed. The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will counteract

最新武汉大学博士研究生入学英语试题及详解汇总

2008年武汉大学博士研究生入学英语试题 及详解

2008年武汉大学博士研究生入学英语试题及详解 Part I Reading Comprehension (40%, 1=2 points) Directions: There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following passage: Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or "bids", for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum. (definition)→ what The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin Autcio, meaning "increase". The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called sub hasta, meaning "under the spear", a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold "by the candle": a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.(history)→ how Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, hides, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, fruit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. The auction-rooms as Christie's and Sotheby's in London and New York are world-famous. (goods/items)→ how An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. I f the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods

2017年武汉大学考博英语真题及答案

2017年武汉大学考博英语真题及答案 注意:所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上,凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions: In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong

2003年武汉大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2003年武汉大学考博英语真题及详解 Part I Reading Comprehension(30%) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: We are told that the mass media are the greatest organs for enlightenment that the world has yet seen; that in Britain, for instance, several million people see each issue of the current affairs program, Panorama. It is true that never in human history were so many people so often and so much exposed to many intimations about societies, forms of life, attitudes other than those which obtain in their local societies. This kind of exposure may well be a point of departure for acquiring certain important intellectual and imaginative qualities; width of judgment, a sense of the variety of possible attitudes. Yet in itself such exposure does not bring intellectual or imaginative development. It is no more than the masses of stone which lie around in a quarry(采石场)and which may, conceivably, go to the making of a cathedral. The mass media cannot build the cathedral, and their way of showing the stones does not always prompt others to build. For the stones are presented within a self-contained and self-sufficient world in which, it is implied,

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武汉大学考博英语经典复习方法 考博竞争日益激烈,英语成绩的高低往往具有“决定”意义,因为专业课很难拉开分数。那么考博英语到底如何复习准备呢?联系我们扣扣:四九三三七一六二六。电话:四零零六六八六九七八 1、题型由于考博英语试题由各招生单位自己独立命题,所以不同院校的考博英语试题题型风格不尽相同。就题型而言,一般都含有词汇结构、完形填空、阅读理解、汉英互译、作文题。很多院校初试不再考听力,而在复试通过口语形式考查。但有些院校仍在初试考查听力,甚至很重视听力分数。有些学校还有改错题,应用文,甚至其他题型。少数院校不考作文,但翻译比较长。很多院校主观题的分数所占比重都较高,占1/3甚至1/2比重。 2、难度考博英语重视考查翻译、写作等与攻读博士学位相关的应用能力,所以其难度不能简单与其他考试比较。但一般来说,考博英语试题的难度约相当于大学英语六级,但少数院校比六级难,有些院校甚至只相当于四级水平,甚至同一院校不同年份的难易程度也迥异。这是由于考博英语试题的命制没有其他英语水平考试、选拔考试规范,往往因出题人不同而有区别。所以,报考相应院校的考生一定要看一看该院校近年的考博英语真题。 3、词汇保守估计,考博英语需要掌握7000~8000单词,900常用动词短语。当然,一般掌握了六级及硕士研究生入学考试的词汇,通过考博英语也没有多大问题,只是词汇题可能失去少数分数。长期关注和研究考博英语试题,反对有些所谓考博英语词汇书所讲的考博需要掌握1万甚至1万以上词汇的观点。事实上,背诵那么多词汇是没有多大意义的,考博英语考查的重点不是考生掌握了多少词汇,而如上文所述,是阅读、翻译、写作能力。所以,词汇够用即可,建议复习自己当年很熟悉的考研词汇、六级词汇,然后略加拓展,如可看看公共英语等级考试五级词汇、新托福词汇、部分GRE

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武汉大学考博英语真题核心词汇集锦 1.blackboard['bl?kb?:d]n.黑板 2.blackmail['bl?kmeil]n.讹诈,敲诈,勒索;胁迫,恫吓 3.blade[bleid]n.刀刃,刀片;桨叶;草叶,叶片 4.blame['bleim]"v.责备;怪,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备" 5.blank[bl??k]"a.空白的,空着的;失色的n.空白;表格" 6.blanket['bl??kit]n.毯子(可数);厚厚一层(可数)vt.铺上一层 7.blast"['bai?u,bl?st]"n.一阵(风);爆炸冲击波;管乐器声v.爆炸 8.blaze[bleiz]"n.火焰;火光;闪光,光辉v.燃烧,冒火焰" 9.bleak[bli:k] a.荒凉的;冷酷的;没有希望的 10.bleed[bli:d]"vt.使出血,榨取vi.出血,流血" 11.blend[blend]"n.混合(物)v.混和,混杂" 12.bless[bles]"v.祝福,保佑"需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一,也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 13.blame['bleim]"v.责备;怪,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备" 14.blind[blaind] a.盲的,瞎的;盲目的vt.使失明n.百叶窗 15.block[bl?k]"n.大块木(石)料;街区;障碍物v.阻塞,拦阻" 16.blood[bl?d]n.血液,血;血统,血亲;血气 17.bloody['bl?di]"a.流血的,血腥的" 18.bloom[blu:m]n.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花 19.blossom['bl?s?m]n.花(簇);花期;青春vi.开花;展开;繁荣 20.blouse[blauz]n.女衬衣,短上衣,宽阔的罩衫

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2016武大博士生英语入学考试真题答案 I.Reading Comprehension(40分)(黄老师提供) BCAD ACBA DDCA DCAB CCBA Part II English-Chinese Translation(5*4=20分)(方老师提供:标答) 1. 如果我们的时间使用得当,就能生产出有用和重要的产品,在市场上买得一定的价钱;或者充实我们的经验,增长我们的才干,待到适当时机我们就能挣到金钱。 2. 我们想到死便震惊不已,因而不惜一切努力、麻烦和费用以保全生命。可是我们对于损失一个钟头或者一天时间往往漠不关心,忘记生命原来就是我们生活的每一天、每一小时的总和。 3. 现在如果从我们的寿命中减去所有这些岁月,我们将发现,能让我们用于有效工作的时间大概是15或20年左右。谁能记住这一点,就不会心甘情愿地浪费他生命的每时每刻。 4. 如果我们让生命的早晨时光悄悄溜走而未加利用,我们将永远无法弥补这种损失。等我们长大了,获得知识的能力就变得迟钝了,因此在童年和青年时期没能获得的知识或技能将永远不能获得了。 Part III Chinese-English Translation(20分)(方老师提供:标答) We are not sure what “intelligence” is, not what is passed on. However, the fact does not prevent us from finding it a very useful concept, and placing a certain amount of reliance on tests which “measure” it. In an intelligence test we take a sample of an individual’s ability to solve puzzles and problems of various kinds, and if we have taken a representative sample, it will allow us to predict successfully the level of performance he will reach in a wide variety of occupations. The Education Act 1944 passed by the British parliament made secondary

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2019年武汉大学考博英语真题精选及详解 PartⅠReading Comprehension(2’×20=40points) Directions:In this part for the test,there will be5passages for you to read.Each passage is followed by4questions or unfinished statement,and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D.You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mount Vesuvius,a volcano located between the ancient Italian cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum,has received much attention because of its frequent and destructive eruptions.The most famous of these eruptions occurred in A.D.79. The volcano had been inactive for centuries.There was little warning of the coming eruption,although one account unearthed by archaeologists says that a hard rain and a strong wind had disturbed the celestial calm during the preceding night.Early the next morning,the volcano poured a huge river of molten rock down upon Herculaneum,completely burying the city and filling in the harbor with coagulated lava. Meanwhile,on the other side of the mountain,cinders,stone and ash rained down on Pompeii.Sparks from the burning ash ignited the combustible rooftops https://www.docsj.com/doc/a217813883.html,rge portions of the city were destroyed in the conflagration.Fire,however, was not the only cause of destruction.Poisonous sulphuric gases saturated the air.

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2014年武汉大学博士研究生入学考试回忆版试题 edit by 小白 注意:该版本是考博群朋友共同回忆所得,难免会有差错,希望 一、叫兽篇 原文大意:讨论叫兽的各种类型,提出一些作者自己对叫兽应该怎么教育学生的看法。 题目:1、作者认为a lot of professors 是怎样的: (1)忘了(2)change minds with stud ents (3)XXX stud ents’ growth (4)help stud ents achieve their goals 2、忘了考pick themselves up 等这句话的意思benefit for one’s all lifetime 3、词汇题,应选A Dull,意为这种叫兽是麻木性的,容易被学生忘记 4、忘了 二、离婚篇 原文:It is easier to get divorced today than in times past, but it is no l ess painful. Studies have shown that both men and women suffer significant stress at two key points: before the d ecision to divorce and at the time of the final separation. Poor health, difficulty in sl eeping and working, loneliness, d epression, anxiety, l owered self-esteem, and impaired memory are all associated with the divorce process. In their study of 252 men and women currently und ergoing a divorce, David A. Chiriboga and Loraine Cutl er found that They found that men were more vulnerabl e to stress than women. At the same time, cl ose to 50 percent of both men and women reported that they felt some relief as a result of having initiated the divorce process. The children of a coupl e planning to divorce also share in the pain, especially immediately foll owing the separation. In their study of family breakup, Judith S. Wallerstein and Joan B. Kelly found that parents rarely prepare their children for the coming crisis, nor d o they privid e them with the necessary assurances that they will be cared for. Preoccupied by their personal problems, the parents are often insensitive to their children's anger, fear or perplexity. When divorce necessitates that the mother go to work, the child may be placed in unfamiliar child care arrangements, and both mother and father become substantially l ess availabl e. The first year foll owing a divorce is typically the most stressful for the parents and for the child. In the l ong run, however, divorce is not necessarily psychol ogically damaging to chil dren, particularly when both parents remain accessibl e and l oving. Whatever the pain that divorce inflicts, it does not seem to sour peopl e on the institution of marriage. A fourth of the peopl e who get divorced are remarried within the year, and 75 percent remarry within nine years of divorce. About five of every six divorced men and three of every four divorced women marry again. One reason that men are more likely to remarry than women is that men typically marry younger women. When we consid er that by age twenty-seven women begin outnumbering men, we can see how mid dl e-aged and ol d er men have a larger pool of potential partners from which to choose than d o women. In sum,

武大英语考博阅读部分

Reading Comprehension Text 1 Scientists have genetically engineered tomato and tobacco plants to produce a vaccine against the virus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, the disease that killed nearly 800 people in 2003. Meanwhile, another team of researchers has developed a vaccine that protects monkeys against the deadly Ebola and Marburg viruses, which have plagued central Africa. An ongoing Marburg outbreak in Angola has killed at least 357 people. One reason it is difficult to develop vaccines for diseases like SARS and Ebola is because some viruses are believed to mutate constantly. If a virus changes quickly, a vaccine might be suitable for a while but not forever. While both vaccines are far from ready for human use, the studies raise the possibility of producing economical vaccines for diseases for which there is no known cure. "There was a need to prepare quickly a vaccine that is inexpensive and safe," said Hilary Koprowski, who is the director of the Center for Neurovirology at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Health officials alike have a strong need for vaccines that are both economical and easily administered. Plants have long been seen as an attractive source for vaccines, since plants can be grown inexpensively on a large scale. The easiest plant to genetically modify is tobacco. For the SARS study, Koprowski and his colleagues engineered low-nicotine plants to produce a so-called spike protein of the SARS virus. The protein is used to trigger an immune response in the human body. Once the researchers showed that tobacco could produce the SARS virus spike protein, they applied the same technique to tomatoes. Mice that were fed genetically modified tomatoes developed antibodies to the virus that causes SARS. However, the scientists did not report whether they injected the mice with the SARS virus. "It does not show that the antibody offers any protection," said Michael Lai, a virologist at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Don't expect to see "vaccine vegetables" anytime soon. Researchers say it would be impossible to standardize the amount of vaccine in a vegetable. In fact no vaccine produced in plants has ever been licensed for human use. However, the scientists envision that the SARS vaccine could be ground into a powder, formed into capsules, and consumed as a dietary supplement. 1. Why is it hard to develop a vaccine for SARS? [A] It’s a severe acute respiratory disease. [B] There is no known cure for the disease. [C] There is a constant change in the genetic structure of the virus. [D] The SARS virus begins its life in an animal rather than a human. 2. What’s the significance of the studies?

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