专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(29)

Test Twenty Nine

近义词辨析

energy, force, power, strength, vigor, might

这组词都有“力”的意思。

energy

有“力，力量，精力”之意，原是物理学用语，其含义是“能”的意思，用于人时，指人的能力、精力。

force

有“力，力量”和“势力，武力”之意，指运用或发挥出来的力量，着重“力”产生的效果，即使人或物克服阻力，按要求的方向运动，达到一定目的。

power

有“力量，能力，权力”之意，含义广泛，可指内存的或外来的、具体的或抽象的力，可引申为“势力，政权”。

strength

有“力量，体力”之意，指人或物内部存在的力量，除指人身体的力气外，还可指感情、意志、记忆、判断等能力，指物时可指法律、风俗、文笔以及舆论等的力量。该词一般做不可数名词。

vigor

有“活力，力量”之意，侧重生命的活力或生命本身内在的力量，可指“精力，干劲”等，是不可数名词。

might

有“力量，威力”之意，指强有力的、强大的、超人的力量，是不可数名词。

The work took me a lot of energy.这工作花费了我很多精力。

The old man pulled the wagon with all his force.老人用尽全力拉货车。

The man has strong desire for power.这人渴望拥有权力。

These two boys are equal in strength.这两个男孩力气相等。

It is patriotism that gives the vigor of her writings.是爱国主义精神使她的作品充满生命力。

She worked with all her might.她竭尽全力地工作。

arouse, rouse

这组词均含有“唤醒，引起”的意思，两者往往可以通用。

rouse

一般作及物动词，有时也可用作不及物动词。

arouse

只作及物动词：

The fire roused the people from their sleep.大火把人们从睡梦中惊醒。

We must arouse them to fight for their own emancipation.我们必须唤醒他们起来为自己的解放而斗争。

全真模拟试题

1. He told me only part of the story ____ .

A. so that was it

B. so that was this

C. and that was so

D. and that was that

2. ____ increases every year as natural habitats disappear.

A. The amount ofendangered species

B. The quantity of endangering species

C. The number of endangered species

D. The majority of endangering species

3. Prices reach an equilibrium at the level at which quantity demanded ____ quantity supplied.

A. is equal to

B. equal

C. equals to

D. is equal

4. The tenant must be prepared to decorate the property ____ the terms of the agreement.

A. with regard to

B. in relation to

C. in accordance with

D. providedby

5. Mr. Johnson is ____ to our party.

A. more than pleased to come

B. pleased more than to come

C. more pleased than to come

D. more pleasing than to come

6. She intends to move that the committee ____ discussion on this issue.

A. suspends

B. suspend

C. will suspend

D. suspended

7. It has been suggested that people who watch television incessantly ____ overly passive.

A. become

B. may become

C. should become

D. became

8. He will remain here if ____ .

A. needed

B. need to be

C. need be

D. need is

9. The publishers will send you a specimen copy of their new books ______ .

A. when it will be requested

B. when they are requested it

C. when it is requested

D. when requested

10. The most useful way of looking at a map is not as a piece of paper, but as a record of ____ .

A. organized geographical information

B. geographical organized information

C. geographically organized information

D. organizing information geographically

11. As Mr. Best was passing the bookstore, he thought he’d just ____ to see whether any interesting books were on sale.

A. look through

B. look in

C. look up

D. look for

12. Margie’s bedroom was in a ____ , with books and papers covering every possible surface.

A. litter

B. disorder

C. rubbish

D. mess

13. Burton said he could not swim until the ____ came in because the sea was too far out.

A. current

B. tide

C. flood

D. wave

14. They decided to ____ their original plans for the house and make it smaller.

A. scale down

B. look down upon

C. break down

D. keep down

15. It is not uncommon to ____ large numbers of automobiles in the streets of cities like London, Paris and New York.

A. entail

B. enclose

C. encounter

D. endure

16. The oxygen equipment made it possible for the climbers to rest and sleep at very high ____ .

https://www.docsj.com/doc/711119568.html,titude

B. altitude

C. level

D. hemisphere

17. ____ scientists say the earth will heat up like a pot of flowers in a greenhouse.

A. In the first place

B. At any rate

C. As a matter of fact

D. As a result

18. Prizes are open to all, ____ nationality, race, or ideology.

A. for the sake of

B. regardless of

C. at the cost of

D. because of

19. The church is ____ on the hillside, about a mile from the town.

A. situated

B. lied

C. stationed

D. placed

20. Because some teachers believe that memorization and learning are ______ , they may tell you that you shouldn’t memorize material; rather, you should understand it.

A. relevant

B. compatible

C. incompatible

D. incomplete

21. In technology, progress is the standard. In social ____ , continuity is the standard, and when change occurs, it is seen as decline rather than advance.

A. institutions

B. commitments

C. limitations

D. regulations

22. The job candidates’main ____ was that he’d never held a job for more than eight months.

A. illusion

B. indignation

C. endurance

D. liability

23. A(n) ____ job is one that is long and boring.

A. dull

B. tedious

C. uninteresting

D. monotonous

24. The situation there ____ that I should be careful and patient.

A. demands

B. requires

C. hopes

D. wishes

25. World War I marked the beginning of this general ____ ofcapitalism.

A. crisis

B. emergency

C. symbol

D. tendency

试题答案与解析

1. D)【句意】他没把事情全告诉我，就是这样。

【难点】That’s it意为“对了”，等于That’s right,或“就这样，完了”，等于That’s all.That’s that是一句加强语气的用语，表示决心、结束争论、讲完故事等时使用的用语，意为“就是这样；就是那么回事；再没什么可说的”。根据题意，选项D)正确。

2. C)【句意】随着自然界动物居所的消失，濒危物种的数量每年也在增加。

【难点】endangered species意为“濒危物种”，endangered表示被动，不能换成endangering,因为 ing形式表示主动。the amount of 修饰不可数名词，所以选项A)不对；the quantity of 和the majority of虽可修饰可数名词，但其中的endangering不合语法，所以选C)。

3. A)【句意】物价应在供求量相等的水平上达到平衡。

【难点】be equal to意为“与…相等”，等于及物动词equal。在at which引导的定语从句中，主语为第三人称单数，而B)项equal又没有词尾s,C)和D)两项的形式又不正确，所以A)项正确，因其既合语法也合句意。

4. C)【句意】房客必须根据协议条款作好装修房产的准备。

【难点】with regard to意为“有关，关于”；in relation to意为“与…相关”；in accordance with 意为“根据，按照”；provided by不是习语搭配。根据题意，应选C)。

5. A)【句意】约翰逊先生非常高兴来参加我们的晚会。

【难点】“more than+形容词”是一个常见的加强语气的结构，意为“非常…，岂只”，如：more than enough够得用不了。be pleased to do是本句要考的另一个结构，意为“高兴做某事”。综合两个结构，正确的语序应该是A)。

6. B)【句意】她想提议委员会暂时终止对这个问题的讨论。

【难点】本句中，move后面加that从句时，从句中要求使用虚拟语气形式，即(should)+动词原形。所以选项中只有B)对。

7. B)【句意】有迹象显示，经常看电视的人可能会变得过分消极。

【难点】本句中的suggest不作“建议”讲，而是“显示，暗示，表明”之意，所以that从句中不接虚拟语气。It在本句中作形式主语，真实主语是that从句。

8. C)【句意】如果必要，他将留在这里。

【难点】if need be是一个习语搭配，意为“必要的话”。

9. D)【句意】如果你要求，出版商会把他们的新书给你寄个样本来。

【难点】when requested是when it is requested by you的省略形式。when，while等词引导时间状语从句时，这种省略经常发生。

10. C)【句意】看地图的最有效方式是不把它看作是一张纸，而看作是组织起来的地理信息的记录。

【难点】本句考查的是词序。organized是过去分词，作定语修饰information,副词geographically修饰动词变来的过去分词organized,所以C)项正确。

11. B)【句意】贝斯特先生路过书店的时候，想朝里面看看有没有他感兴趣的书。

【难点】look in意为“朝里面看”；look through意为“浏览”；look up意为“查阅(字典等)”；look for意为“寻找”。

12. D)【句意】麦奇的卧室乱七八糟，书和纸弄得到处都是。

【难点】mess意为“零乱状态”；litter意为“废纸屑，垃圾，破烂”；disorder意为“杂乱，混乱，无秩序”；rubbish意为“垃圾，废物”。

13. B)【句意】伯顿说他要等涨潮后才下去游，因为现在海水离得太远。

【难点】tide意为“潮水，潮汐”；current意为“水流，气流”；flood意为“洪水，水灾”；wave意为“波浪”。

14. A)【句意】他们决定按比例缩减原来对房子的计划，把房子变小。

【难点】scale down意为“按比例缩减，相应缩减”；look down upon意为“看不起，轻视”；break down意为“捣毁，拆除”；keep down意为“压缩，限制”。

15. C)【句意】在诸如伦敦，巴黎和纽约这样的城市里的街上遇到大量汽车是司空见惯的事。

【难点】encounter意为“遭遇，遇到”；entail意为“使成为必要，需要”；enclose意为“把…装入信封；附上”；endure意为“持续，持久”。

16. B)【句意】氧气设备使得登山者在海拔很高的高度得以休息和睡觉。

【难点】altitude意为“高度；海拔”；latitude意为“纬度”；level意为“水平线；水平面”；hemisphere意为“半球”。

17. D)【句意】所以，科学家说地球会像温室里的一个花盆一样变暖。

【难点】as a result意为“作为结果，因此”；in the first place意为“首先，第一”；at any rate 意为“无论如何，无论怎么说”；as a matter of fact意为“实际上”。

18. B)【句意】人人有权得到奖金，无论国籍，种族或价值观念是什么。

【难点】regardless意为“无论，不顾”；for the sake of意为“为了，为…利益”；at the cost of 意为“以…为代价”；because of意为“因为，由于”。

19. A)【句意】教堂座落在山坡上，离城里大约一英里。

【难点】be situated in(on)意为“座落在…；位于…”；lie变成lied时，不是“座落，位于”的意思，而是“撒谎”；station意为“驻扎”；place意为“放置，安置”。

20. C)【句意】因为一些教师认为记忆和学习是不能相辅相成的，所以他们可能会告诉你，你不该对材料进行记忆；换句话说，你应该理解材料。

【难点】incompatible意为“不协调的，不能和谐相处的”；relevant意为“切题的，相关的”；compatible意为“协调的，合得来的”；incomplete意为“不完全的，不完整的”。

21. A)【句意】在技术领域，进步就是标准；在社会领域，连续性是标准。发生变革的时候，变革被看作是衰退而不是进步。

【难点】institution意为“制度，习俗”；commitment意为“承诺，约定”；limitation意为“限制，局限”；regulation意为“规则，规章”。

22. D)【句意】这位求职者的主要不利条件是他以前干的工作没有超过八个月的。 【难点】liability意为“不利条件”；illusion意为“幻觉，错觉；indignation意为“愤怒，愤慨”；endurance 意为“耐力，持久力”。

23. B)【句意】单调乏味的工作的特点是冗长和无聊。

【难点】tedious意为“冗长的；单调乏味的”，侧重因又长又慢又罗嗦而令人生厌。dull意为“没意思的，乏味的，无聊的”，强调缺乏使人感到有趣的特点。uninteresting意为“引不起兴趣的”；monotonous意为“单调的，令人厌倦的”，表示由于缺乏变化，总是保持一个样子而令人厌倦。

24. B)【句意】那里的形势要求我必须小心和耐心。

【难点】require意为“要求”，后接that从句时应用虚拟语气，该词指由于客观规律或法律制度的规定，必须或有权力来要求或命令。demand也是“要求”，后面也接虚拟语气，但语气强烈，表示严肃、郑重地要求，同时也有“发出命令”或“迫切要求”的意思。hope意为“希望”，一种可以实现的希望。wish意为“但愿”，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。

25. A)【句意】第一次世界大战标志着资本主义危机的全面开始。

【难点】crisis意为“危机”；emergency意为“紧急情况，急诊”；symbol意为“象征，标志”；tendency意为“趋势，趋向”。

英语专业四级词汇与语法

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英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析

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专业英语四级语法与词汇模拟题26

专业英语四级语法与词汇模拟题26 单项选择题 1. But for the accident, we ______ the task much earlier. A.should finish B.should have finished C.would finish D.shall have finished 答案：B [解答] 考查虚拟语气。 but for相当于without，if not for，意为“要不是”。用but for开头的句子就相当于if引导的非真实条件句，故排除选项C与D。对过去事情的虚拟，应该用完成时，故本题应该选B。 2. —When has the country been open to international trade? —1960, I suppose. A.Since B.In C.From D.After 答案：A [解答] 考查句子时态。 问句中用的是现在完成时态，when相当于下文的1978。since+过去某一时间点常与现在完成时连用，故选A项。 3. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the ______ movie could not hold our attention. A.three hours B.three-hour C.three hours'

D.three hour's 答案：B [解答] 考查复合词作定语。 数词+量词构成的复合词作定语时，中间用连接符连接，量词用单数。故B正确。 4. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs ______ directed. A.like B.so C.which D.as 答案：D [解答] 考查连词的用法。 此处考查引导方式状语从句的连词，空格后面实际上是一个省略句，完整形式应该是they are directed。由此可知该处缺少连词，意思应该是“以…方式”，故选as。 5. ______ the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out. A.He had no sooner opened B.Hardly had he opened C.Scarcely did he opened D.No sooner did he open 答案：B [解答] 考查倒装句。 hardly/scarcely…when或no sooner…than为固定搭配，意为“一…就…”。含有此结构的句子，表示从句中的动作一发生，主句中的动作随即发生，并且当hardly/scarcely或no sooner置于句首时，从句的主语和谓语必须倒装；另外，在以上结构中，主句一般用过去完成时，从句一般用一般过去时。由此可知正确答案为B。

英语专业四级词汇语法练习题二

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