英语四六级阅读理解习题

The "standard of living" of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country's standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: "goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and entertainment.

A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country's natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The U. S. A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.

Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as the U. S. A. in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was. unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country's people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.

1. A country's wealth depends upon______. ,

A. its standard of living

B. its money

C. its ability to provide goods and services

D. its ability to provide transport and entertainment

2. The word "foremost" means______.

A. most importantly

B. firstly

C. largely

D. for the most part

3. The main idea of the second paragraph is that______.

A. a country's wealth depends on many factors

B. the U. S. A. is one of the wealthiest countries in the world

C. the Sahara Desert is a very poor region

D. natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country

4. The third paragraph mentions some of the advantages which one country may have over another in making use of its resources. How many such advantages are mentioned in this paragraph?

A. 2

B. 3考试大论坛

C. 4

D. 5

5. The second Paragraph 3 is______.

A. the main idea of the paragraph

B. an example supporting the main idea of the paragraph

C. the conclusion of the paragraph

D. not related to the paragraph

1. C

2. A

3. A

4. B

5. B

Sugar is so much a part of our modern life that we only really think about it when, for some ___1___ , we cannot obtain it. It has been known to man for at least 3,000 years, but has ___2___ into common use only in ___3___times. Until quite recently it was considered as a medicine and as a luxury for the very rich only.

Sugar is, then, ___4 ___to our civilization. But what___5___ is it? Of course, most of us recognize sugar immediately as the sweet material which we put in coffee or cakes. This common form of sugar is derived from two plants: the sugar cane (a type of grass which grows to a height of twenty feet) and the sugar beet (which grows under ground). But there are in fact many types of sugar, and the chemist recognizes hundreds of different ___6___ , each coming from a different source.

About 90% of the sugar is produced as food. Only 10% is used in industry for ___7___other than food production. Yet sugar has great possibilities for use as the basis of chemicals. It can even be used for making plastics. In the future these potential uses will certainly be developed more than in the past.来源：考试大的美女编辑们There are many reasons why we should ___8___the production of sugar. Most important is that it is one of the most highly concentrated of energy foods.

Thus sugar cane and beet produce an average of 7,000,000 calories per acre. In this way they have the advantage over potatoes which give only 4, 000, 000, while the___9___ for wheat and beans is 2 ,000,000 each. So three acres of land growing wheat, beans and potatoes give only ___10__more energy than one acre of sugar.

A. slightly

B. intention

C. reason

D. modern

E. strongly

F. figure

G. come

H. significant

I. exactly J. increase K. proposals L. turn

M. purposes N. varieties O. serious

I. C 2. G 3. D 4. H 5. I 6. N 7. M 8. J 9. F 10. A

Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently never set about tackling it in the right way. Far too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a skill—one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of itself. I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical

teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and should get the student to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions when other aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.

Apart from this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.

It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be obtained from books. It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory. It is also possible in this way to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students' pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.

26. What does the writer actually say about pronouncing foreign languages?

A. Only a few people are really proficient.

B. No one is really an expert in the skill.

C. There aren't many people who are even fairly good.

D. There are even some people who are moderately proficient.

27. The writer argues that going about the problem of pronunciation in the wrong way is

A. an obvious cause of not grasping the problem correctly

B. a fundamental consequence of not speaking well

C. a consequence of not grasping the problem correctly

D. not an obvious cause of speaking poorly

28. The best way of learning to speak a foreign language, he suggests, is by_______.

A. picking it up naturally as a child

B. learning from a native speaker

C. not concentrating on pronunciation as such

D. undertaking systematic work考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com)

29. The value the student puts on correct speech habits depends upon_______.

A. how closely he attends to the matter

B. whether it is English that is being taught

C. his teacher's approach to pronunciation

D. the importance normally given to grammar and spelling

30. How might the teacher find himself wasting lesson time?

A. By spending lesson time on pronunciation.

B. By making ill-informed comments upon pronunciation.

C. By not using books on phonetics in the classroom.

D. By not giving students a clear mental picture of the difference between sounds.

26. C 27. C 28. D 29. C

An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependant on certain essential services: for instance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbors. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole economic system is in danger.

It is this interdependency of the economic system that makes the power of trade unions such an important issue. Single trade unions have the ability to cut off many economic blood supplies. This can happen more easily in Britain than in some other countries, in part because the labor force is highly organized. About 55 per cent of British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the United States. For historical reasons, Britain's unions have tended to develop along trade and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industry basis, which makes wage policy, democracy in industry and the improvement of procedures for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve.

There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade union movement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Some unions have lost many members because of industrial changes. Others are involved in arguments about who should represent workers in new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general unions, which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a source of bad feeling between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushed out of existence by advancing technologies, unions can fight for their members' disappearing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union's members are threatened or destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and in Britain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on to their traditional highly-paid jobs.

1. Why is the question of trade union power important in Britain?

A. The economy is very much interdependent.

B. Unions have been established a long time.

C. There are more unions in Britain than elsewhere.

D. There are many essential services.

2. Because of their out-of-date organization some unions find it difficult to______.

A. change as industries change

B. get new members to join them

C. learn new technologies

D. bargain for high enough wages

3. Disagreements arise between unions because some of them

A. try to win over members of other unions

B. ignore agreements

C. protect their own members at the expense of others

D. take over other union's jobs来源： 4. It is difficult to improve the procedures for fixing wage levels because______.

A. some industries have no unions

B. unions are not organized according to industries

C. only 55 per cent of workers belong to unions

D. some unions are too powerful

5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A. There are strains and tensions in the trade union movement.

B. Some unions have lost many members.

C. Some unions exist in the outdated structure.

D. A higher percentage of American workers belong to unions than that of British workers.

1. A

2. A

3. C

4. B

5. D

I have never attended a large company's board meeting in my life, but I feel certain that the discussion often takes the following lines. The __1__ of producing a new—for example —toothpaste would make 8 Op the decent price for it, so we will market it at ￡l. 20. It is not a bad toothpaste (not specially good either, but not bad) , and as people like to try new things it will sell well to start with; but the __2__ of novelty soon fades, so sales will __3__ . When that starts to happen we will reduce the price to ￡l. 15. And we will turn it into a bargain by printing 5p OFF all over it, whereupon people will rush to buy it even though it still costs about forty-three percent more than its __4 __price.

Sometimes it is not 5p OFF but lp OFF. What a shame to advertise lp OFF your soap or washing powder or dog food or whatever. Even the poorest old-age pensioner ought to regard this as an insult, but he doesn't. A bargain must not be __5__ To be offered a "gift" of one penny is like being invited to dinner and offered one single pea (tastily cooked), and nothing else. Even if it represented a __6__ reduction it would be an insult. Still, people say, one has to have washing powder (or whatever) and one might as well buy it a penny cheaper. When I was a boy in Hungary a man was __7__ of murdering some?one for the sake of one pengo, the equivalent of a shilling, and pleaded__8__ The judge shouted __9__ : "To kill a man for a shilling! What can you say in your __10__ ?" The murderer replied: "A shilling here. . . a shilling there. . . " And that's what today's shopper says, too: "A penny here... a penny there. . . "

A. missed

B. defense

C. real

D. cost考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com)

E. anxiously

F. attraction

G. fair

H. expense

I. fall J. angrily K. dismissed L. accused

M. guilty N. faulty O. security

I. D 2. F 3. I 4. G 5. A 6. C 7. L 8. M 9. J

Putting the Sun to Work

It's a hot summer day, and you, your family, and friends decide to drive to the beach for a cookout.

When you get to the beach, the sand and the rocks are so hot that they hurt your bare feet. You put on sneakers in a hurry. The water is so bright and shining in the sun that you can hardly look at it. While the charcoal (木炭) fire is starting to burn in the cookout stove, every one goes for a swim. The water feels good—warm at the top, but cooler down around your toes.

A little wind is blowing when you come out. The fire isn't quite ready for cooking

yet, so you play tag (儿童捉人游戏) or read.

For lunch there are hot dog, corn, salad and rolls, sodas, fruit, and coffee for the adults. By the time the coffee water boils and the corn and hot dogs are cooked, all the bathing suits are dry. So are the towels spread out on the rocks, in the sun.

Lunch is good. Just as you are finishing, it starts to rain so you pack up and run. But nobody minds the rain. It will cool things off.

At the same time you were having fun at the beach, work was being done. Energy from the sun was doing work. Energy, in one form or another, does all the work in the world.

Heat energy from the sun dried the towels. It heated the sand and the rocks, the water and the air. It even made the rain and the wind. Heat from the sun does small work and big work, all over the earth.

Light energy from the sun was working on the beach too. It supplied the daylight.

It lit the earth and made the sand bright and the water sparkling.

The sun also supplied the energy that grew the food you ate.

Plants use light energy from the sun to make food for themselves. The food is a kind of sugar. It is also a kind of energy called chemical energy. Green plants change light energy from the sun into chemical energy.

Plants use some of that energy for everyday living and growing. They store the rest in their leaves and seeds, in fruit, roots, stems, and berries.

The salad and the corn, the rolls, fruit, and coffee all came from plants. You and all animals depend on plants for food.

The charcoal you used for cooking began as a plant too. Once, that charcoal was a living tree that used sunlight to make food and then stored part of the food it made. The energy in this stored food remained, even after the tree died. You used that energy when you burned the charcoal.

The gasoline you used for driving to the beach began with energy from the sun, too. It was made from oil.

Oil was formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived on earth millions of years ago. The remains of ancient living things are called fossils. This is why oil is called a fossil fuel. Coal and natural gas are fossil fuels, too.

Now fossil fuels are beginning to be used up.

That's why people worry about running out of energy.

But as long as the sun shines, the earth will not run out of energy. The sun pours more energy on earth than we can ever use. Most of that energy comes to us as heat and light. Energy from the sun is called solar energy.

Solar energy is a safe kind of energy. It doesn't make pollution or have dangerous leftovers. That is why scientists and inventors are experimenting with ways of harnessing the sun to do some of the jobs fossil fuels have been doing.

But to make the sun do work like that, they have to solve some problems.

They have to collect the sun's energy. Collecting sunshine isn't easy, unless you are a plant.

Sunshine isn't easy to store, either. You can't fill a tank with it or put it in the

wood box. You can't move it through a pipe or a wire. You can't turn it on.

Still, people have been using solar energy to help do their work for a long time. There are old ways and new ways of catching sunshine and putting it to work.

Suppose you were living in a cold place and going to spend the winter in a cave. Would you choose a cave that faced the winter sun or a cave that faced away from it?

You might make the same choice if you were building a house in a cold place. You would probably build the house, so the winter sun would pour in the windows to warm it. People have been building houses that way for a long time.

Is it possible to catch still more of the sun's heat in a house? Yes, Some houses also collect heat on the roof, move it indoors, store some, use some to make hot water and the rest for heating. A house like that is called a solar house.

People who build solar houses have learned how to do those things by observing how the earth itself uses solar energy.

Remember the beach?

Remember the hot sand and the hot rocks?

Some materials take in heat energy from the sun and hold it. They absorb the heat. Sand and rocks do this. So do some other solid materials, such as metals. Water absorbs the sun's heat too.

Color can also be important. Dark, dull colors absorb heat. Light-colored, shiny surfaces reflect heat. They bounce it back. That's why dark clothes are warmer in the winter and light colored clothes are cooler in the summer.

The longer it takes something to heat up, the longer that thing holds the heat. Materials that heat up fast cool off fast.

If you go back to the beach in the evening after sunset, the sand and the rocks, which heated up fast, will be cool. But the water, which heated up slowly, will still be warm.

It takes a long time for the sun to heat the water in a big lake or ocean. But by the end of summer, a large body of water will have caught and stored enough heat from the sun to last for a good part of the winter. Water stores heat very well.

That's why land near a large body of water never gets quite as cold in the winter as land far away from the water. The stored heat in the water keeps the land around it warm.来源：考试大

Slowly, all winter long, heat from the water moves out into the cold air. Heat always moves that way—from a warmer place or thing to a cooler one. Once you know which way heat moves, you understand how things get hot and how they lose heat.

1. All the work in the world is done by energy coming from the sun in one form or another.

2. As we humans depend on plants for food, plants live on chemical energy converted from light energy.

3. Unless the sun dies, it will supply endless energy on earth.

4. It has been a long time since people began to use solar energy because sunshine can be stored in houses.

5. The advantage of the solar house is that it has hot water and heating.

6. A solar house doesn't have to use electricity when it makes a good use of solar energy.

7. The passage gives a brief account of how solar energy is employed.

8. We can understand how things get hot or lose heat as long as we know______.

9. Most of the energy the sun supplies to us is in the forms of______.

10. People like to use fossil fuels to get almost all kinds of energy because they are______.

I. Y 2. Y 3. Y 4. N 5. N 6. NG 7. N 8. which way heat moves 9. heat and light 10. easy to use

四六级阅读不看文章直接选答案方法

四六级阅读不看文章直接选答案方法 英语四六级阅读理解如何不看文章就能答题呢？四六级英语测试中阅读理解部分是最让考生紧张而又担心的部分。许多考生在做阅读理解部分时，最大感受就是时间紧、答案选项迷惑性大。如何在没有足够时间进行深入阅读或文章太难而看不懂的情况下进行答题，我们在总结、归纳历年四、六级真题特点是基础上，向考生介绍一些紧急情况下的应试技巧。 通过研究历届四、六级阅读理解题，我们发现，在所列出的四个选项中，也有一些普遍性规律可循。如果考生了解、熟悉并掌握了这些规律，他们就可以找到做题时的“第六感觉”，达到所谓超常发挥的水平。如果考生来不及看文章，万般无奈下凭这些规律可以选中不少正确选项。 (一)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项 这些语气词有：must，always，never，the most，all，only，have to，any，no，very，completely，none，hardly等。 例(1) One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____ .(1995年6月六级题22) A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant. B. people’s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true. C. most people have to take part-time jobs. D. people have to change their jobs from time to time. 分析：四个选项中，C、D两项中都含有“have to”，语气太绝对化，一般被排除。考生在剩下两项中进行选择，就大大降低了难度。 例（2）The main idea of this passage is that _____ .(1991年6月六级题40) A．better use of green space facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life. B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities. C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago. D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities. 分析：B、D两项中均有must be，语气太绝对化，故一般被排除。考生结合短文内容在剩下两项中进行选择，命中率就极高了。 （二）选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项 这些语气词有：can，could，may，should，usually，might，most(大多数)，more or less，relatively，be likely to，possible，whether or，not necessarily 等。 例（1）It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes .(1999年6月四级题30) A．Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries B. in many countries success often depends on one’s social status C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America 分析：选项B中often 一词，语气委婉，不十分肯定，故为答案。而其它三项中所表达出的语气都明显绝对化。) 例(2) According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that A. society can’t provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates B. high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education C. too many students have to earn their own living D. college administrators encourage students to drop out

英语四级阅读理解练习题及其解析

英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析 【阅读练习】 What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the bes t, but we strangely enjoy junkfood. We’re 2 with health an d weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obes ity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情 结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cameto this con tinent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作 物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, i ntended to prohibit drinking butactually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it. The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmon y. Do as Romans do meanseating what “real Americans” e at, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—piz za,say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treas ured cooking comes from people whoarrived here in shack les.

英语四级阅读题库含答案解析

英语四级阅读题库含答案解析 1.Passage One Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but regardless of whether it is or isn’t –we won’t do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed. Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth,” as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and –without major technological breakthroughs—we can’t do much about it. From 2003 to 2050, the world’s population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. but that’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else‘s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050. No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they’re “doing something.” Consider the Kyoto Protocol (京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn’t. But it hasn’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets. The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it. The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it’s really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don’t solve the engineering problem, we’re helpless. 57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph? A) It may not prove an environmental crisis at all. B) It is an issue requiring world wide commitments. C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it. D) Very little will be done to bring it under control. 58. According to the author’s understanding, what is Al Gore’s view on global warming? A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of. B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences. C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized. D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about. 59. Green house emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _______. A) economic growth B) the widening gap between the rich and poor C) wasteful use of energy D) the rapid advances of science and technology

英语四级真题阅读理解

Passage1 Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。 I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。 Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导 We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders. 我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。无论是决策会议，篮球比赛，还是家庭外出，他们都不能不抓住领导的狗的地位，并紧紧抓住它，因为亲爱的生命。他们相信他们是天生的领袖。 Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it. 事实是，他们没有什么样的。真正的领导者不认为这是他们的神圣（神圣的）负责每次两个或两个以上的人在一起吧。恰恰相反。一个伟大的领导者会对每一个情况进行评估，并在他们的位置、情况和/或需要的情况下，只会负责。

英语四级55篇阅读理解练习

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