自考英语(二)试题及答案
2008年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）答案
（课程代码：00015）
四.单词翻译
36.零zero 37.木制的wooden 38.想象vision 39.抓住seize 40.巨大tremendous 41.悬挂suspend 42.日常的routine43.准时punctual 44.展望outlook
45.氮nitrogen 46.混合mixture 47.照明luminate 48.一月January 49.变紧tighten 50.英俊的handsome 51.地理geography 52.有成果的fruitful 53.熄灭extinguish 54.干旱draught 55.消耗consume
五.完型填空
56.signin57.earlier 58.colorful 59.to speak 60.would have seen 61.taken
62.conversation 63.harmful64.carefully 65.would have graduated
六.汉译英
66.People pay more and more attention to the quality of life
67.You should speak politely, naturally even if you are angry
68.Many people oppose to building a new reseaurant in the center of the city because of the high cost
69.He knows little about insurance
70.They are unconscious that they have completed a great scientific discovery
七，将短文译成汉语
有三种书籍拥有者：第一种人有所有的标准套装书和畅销书--但不曾阅读，甚至碰都没有碰过，这种人拥有书籍本身而不是书的内容。第二种人有许多书--一些阅读过，大部分浏览过。但所有这些书仍像买的时候那样干干净净，这种人可能喜欢把书占为己有，但是为了保持书籍的表面而忍痛不去读这本书。
第三种人有一些书或很多--每一本都卷着皮，由于不断的使用而散架了，一页一页的，从头到尾都作满了标记，这种人才是真正拥有书籍。
2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）试卷及答案
（课程代码：00015）
ⅠVocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.You may use bike________ you give it back to me tomorrow morning.
A. unless
B. provided
C. though
D. because
2.He could not ________his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university
A. hold up
B. hold back
C. get over
D. get through
3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth ______their children
A. on
B. for
C. with
D. to
4.The teacher required that all errors should be _______eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.
A. deported
B. eliminated
C. deprived
D. implemented
5.A person is lucky if his career ________with his interest and hobby.
A. concerns
B. competes
C. coinciders
D. compares
6.Out sleep influences our mood. our mood, ________,affects our performance.
A. in return
B. in vain
C. in short
D. in turn
7.It was ________of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.
A. considerate
B. considering
C. considerable
D. considered
8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some ________on my recent article at the conference.
A. requests
B. references
C. remarks
D. restrictions
9.He is ______absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.
A. so
B. each
C. very
D. much
10.No sooner (选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.
A. did I reach
B.I had reached
C. had I reached
D.I reached
Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)
下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
It is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical messages, by the age of 20 you will have been esposed___11___at least 20,000 hours of television. You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived ___12___the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than them watch the television are work an sleep.
Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those ____13____.Five thousand, I am sold, are what a typical college undergraduate____14____working in a bachelor’s degree. In 10,000 hours you corded have learned several lauguages fluently, you could be reading Shakespeare in the ____15____,and you could have walked around the world the world and ____16____a book about these hours.
The trouble with television is____17____it discourages concentrations. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life____18____some constructive effort .The dultest , the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem remarkable to those____19____never concertrate on anything .But television encourages us not to make any___20___.It makes the time pass without gain.
11.A.to B. under C. for D. at
12.A.at B. from C. after D. before
13.A.decades B. hours C. years D. things
14.A.spends B. casts C. takes D. uses
15.A.origin B. beginning C. source D. original
16.A.written B. write C. wrote D. writing
17.A.what B. that C. which D. why
18.A.requests B. asks C. orders D. requires
19.A.what B. whose C. which D. who
20.A.money B. time C. effort D. skill
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30point,2points each)
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
Passage one
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Michael Stadtlander set Toronto’s restarant world on fire in the 1980s with his original food, and eastablished a national and international fame. In 1994,however,he decided to leave the city restaurant scene and seek a quiet life in the country, where he has been preparing meals on his farm two hours borth of Toronto and asks guests to bring their own wine.
Not long ago, Stadlander was charged with selling liquer without a licence, He said when a guest asked for wine at a dinner in December, he provided two bottles from his private stock.But the customer turned out to be an undercover Ontario Provincial Police(OPP)officer who returned a few days later along with four armed officers to seize 83 bottles of wine,and to search the farmhouse for records. The punishment could run as high as $100,000 in fines and a year in jail.
When Mr and Mrs Smisth arrived at the farm on a weekend befre Christmas, they said that it was their annual celebrstion and asked if they could get some wine.Nobuyo,Stadtlander’s wife,told them the policy was thar guests peovide their own..
Given the occasion, though, Stadtlander agreed to provide a bottle of white wiee from own cellar,at cost,as a favor, Later, Mr Smith asked for a second bottle and a detailed receipt that included the price of thr wine.He turned out to be OPP Detective Paul Smith and “his wife,”an assistant who went as a witness.
“I was shocked,”Nobuyo Stadtlander recalls.”How could thy do this to us when we did them a favor?We sold them our wine at our cost.”.But Mr.Smith say,” No.they made $20.”
Stadtlander is determined to prove his innocence and continue the business.
“People who live in the area have been very supportive,” he says.”And when this is over,I want my wine back.”
21.Stadtlander was accused because________.
A. be offered too much wine for a guest
B. be asked guests to bring their own wine
C. be charged too much for the wine offered
D. be sold wise to his guests without a license
22.In the 1980s,Stadtlander________.
A. threw his original restaurant menu into the fine
B. made his restaurant well-known around the world
C. sought for a quiet life in the central part of the city
D. opened one resyaurant after another home and abroad.
23.IT turned out that Mr. and Mrs. Smith were________.
A. two farmers
B. two witnesecs
C. hasbend and wife
D. police officers
24.Nobuy Studtlander claimed that in the wine case they made________.
A.$1.20
B. no money
C.$100,000
D. a lot of money
25.Which of the following could be used as evidence against Stadtlander?
A. What Stadtlander’s wife said
B. The second bottle of wine
C. The records from the farmhouse.
D.A receipt with the wine price.
Passage Two
Questions26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couoles have violent confrontations
of one sort or another during the course of a year. In six of these cases there is severe kicking, biting, punching or hitting with objects. Almost four of every 100 wives are seriously beaten by their husbands. three of every 100 children are kicked or punched by their parents. More than a third of all brothers and sisters severely attack each other.
As expected, the incidence of violence is highest among the urban poor (many of them minoroties).blue-collar workers, people under 20 or without religious beliefs, families with a husband who is jobless and those with four to six children. But the study also showed that violence occurs among wealthy families as well. Indeed, the wife of a university president once quietly called Straus, one of the sociologists who conducted the study, to ask what she could do about her husband, who often beat her. Straus suggested seeking assistance from marriage advisors.
Steaus and his colleagues found out that there are various root causes that give rise to such behavior.“The reason are mixed –psychological, sociological, situational,” says Straus.“The husband, for example, may feel under particular stress because be has been out of work too long. Violence may also be an echo of the past,” Straus explains.“When Mummy gives her two-year-old a slap（巴掌）for putting something dirty in his mouth, he is learning from infancy that those who love you hit you.” Another reason may be the worsening economic situations.“If we have a real economos decline, It’s going to get worse,” economic situations.“If we have a real economic declines,it’s going to get worse,” says Gelles, one of Straus” colleagues.
These sociologists have no easy answer to violence in the American family. While they welcome such move as the opening of shelters for beaten wives and the establishment of a National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect, they belive that there must be more basic attack on vilolence,including the reduction of “macho”（大男子主义）themes on the television,the outlawing of physical punishment in schools and perhaps even the wlimination of death senernces.As Straus explains,“Volence is an acceptable solution to problems in American society,And that is how it is used in families.
26.Which of the following statements is true?
A. More than a third of brothers attack sisters in American families.
B. Almost four percent of husbands are seriously beaten by their wives.
C. Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence.
D. Six percent of American couples have some kind of domestic violence.
27.The example concerning a university president’s wife shows that_________
A. domestic violence is found in well-to do families as well
B. the incidence of violence is highest among urban families
C. marriage advisons’ assistance is the best solution to violence
D. domestic vilence exists regardless of age, race,and social status.
28.What Gelles says shows that________.
A. vilence is responsible for the decline of economy
B. violence may be a reflection of one’s past experience
C. violence is related to the economic situation of the time
D. violence is the best form of emotional release for a husband
29.The word “outlawing” in line5 of the last paragraph means________.
A. making something illegal
B. freeing someone from prison
C. learning something from law
D. throwing someone out of court
30.According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless________.
A. more shelters for beateb wives are opened
B. children are protected by a National Center
C. violence is not accepted as a solution to problems
D. Americans get tougher with violent behaviors
Passage Three
Qestions 31to35are based on the following passage.
American scientists are developing an “intelligent” mabile phone capable of blocking incoming calls depending on the owner’s mood., Using “context aware”
Technology the “Sensay” phone will monitor calls and send back polite messages saying the user may be contacted later.
A research team at the Institute for Complex Engineering Systems at Carragie Mellon University in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, are developing body temperature and electrical skin monitors to help the device understand the emotional state of its user. If the phone senses that the user is busy —for instance, involved in a conversation—it might block an incoming call and turn it onto voicemail. The phone would send back a text message saying the user is unavailable, but advising that id the matter is urgent the caller can try again in three minutes. If a call from the same person came in again, the phone would put it through.
The researchers are interested in four basic different states—busy and not to be interrupted, physically active, idle,and “normal.” Most people are said to change between these states,an average of 6 to 12 times a day.
Professor Asim Smailagic, a leading member of the Carnegic Mellon team, told The Engineer magazine.”Today’s computers are pretty dumb compared with the device. We got to work at the beginning of May and since then have been improving it. The next stage is to make it smarter, adding various intellingence systems so it can learn about the user. The phone also employs four primary sensons—two microphones to pick up conversations and monitor local noise.a light detector and an acceleromster（加速度计）.The light sensor shows if the phone is being carried in a bag or pocket ,while the accelerometer determines whether the user is walking,running or standing still, In the sensor box, phone is being carried in a bag or pocket, while the accelerometer determites whether the user is walking,running or standing still,In the future,the sensor box,phone and personal organizer will be combined into one device.”
31.According to the passage, the “Sensay” phone is capable of ________.
A. showing body temperature
B. blocking unwanted calls
C. detecting the owner’s mood
D. sensing the caller’s mood
32.The second paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A. where the intelligent phone is developed
B. how the new phone is going to function
C. whether the researchers failed in their experiment
D. why the researchers failed in their experiment
33.Accorfing to Professor Smailagic, the detector will show________.
A. where the mobile phone is
B. where the mobile phone user is
C. whether the mobile phone user is busy
D. whether the mobile phone is within reach
34.the word “it” in line 5 of paragraph 4 refers to________.
A. the phone
B. the monitor
C. the computer
D. the light sensor
35.The best title for this passage is ________.
A. How to Tell a Person’s Mood
B. How to Block Incoming Calls
C. Sensay Your Personal Organizer
D. Sensay The Futuer Mobile Phone
Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10points for two words)
将下列汉语单词译成英语，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出，请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36.乐意地，容易地adv. r________
37.前景n. p________
38.永恒的,不断的a.________
39.有益的，有好处的a. b________
40.进口n. i________
41.预报n. f________
42.元素，成分n. e________
43.缩短，减少n. s________
44.诚实n. h________
45.有规律的a. r________
46.改变，使不同v. v________
47.坦率地adv. F________
48.减轻，救济n. r________
49.和谐，融洽n. h________
50.赔偿v. c________
51.有效率的a.________
52.真诚的a. s________
53.建设v. e________
54.市长n. m________
55.好奇心n. e________
Ⅴ.Word Form(10point each)
将括号内的各词变为适当的形式填入空白，答案写在答题纸上。
56.It will be interesting to see what’s going to happen at the next________(elect).
57.For those involved, the scandal has been a very________(pain)experience.
58.________(safe)needs to be improved on the railways in that country.
59.The present crisis bears some ________(similar) to the oil erisis of the 1970s.
60.His mother becomes disappointed whenever he fails to live up to her________(expect).
61.Being a ________(high) motivated lauguage learner, he takes every opportunity to improve his English.
62.Our most ________(success)product is based on a very simple idea.
63.local people are questioning the ________(wise) of spending so much money on the new road.
64.Don’t worry. This is the ________(desire)weight range for you health.
65.This scientist was awarded with several titles for his________(accomplish) in biology.
Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15points,3points each)
将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66.尽管有困难，他们最终还是把工作完成了。
67.这次会议在促进两国友谊方面起了重要作用。
68.他长久以来梦想着称为一名足球运动员。
69.在过去的二十年中，用于科学实验的动物数量大大减少了。
70.这次英语考试比我们预想的要容易得多。
Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15points)
将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
Shy people are likely to be passive and easily influenced by other. They are very sensitive t criticism. They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are
unworthy of them. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this:“You’re saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not me.”It is clear that, while self-awareness is a good quality. overdoing it is harmful.
Can shyness be completely gotten rid of ,or at least reduced? Fortunately ,people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence.
2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）试卷及答案
（课程代码：00015）
Ⅰ从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.You may use bike (选B)provided you give it back to me tomorrow morning
2.He could not (选B)hold back his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university
3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth (选C)with their children
4.The teacher required that all errors should be (选B)eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.
5.A person is lucky if his career (选C)coincides with his interest and hobby.
6.Out sleep influences our mood. our mood,(选A)in return, affects our performance.
7.It was (选A)considerate of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.
8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some (选C)remarks on my recent article at the conference.
9.He is (选A)so absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.
10.No sooner (选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.
Ⅱ下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
文章开头第一句话：it is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical averages
11.选 A to 12.C after 13.B hours 14.A spends 15.D original 16.A written 17.B that 18.D requires 19.D who 20.C effort
Ⅲ从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
第一篇，文章开头第一句话：Michael Stadtlander set Toronto’s restaurant world on fire in the 1980s with original food,
21.Stadtlander was accused because 选D. he sold wine to his guests without a license
22.In the 1980s,stadtlander选B. made his restaurant menu into the fire
23.It turned out that Mr. and Mrs. Smith were 选D. police officers
24.Nobuyo Stadtlander claimed that in the wine case they made选B. no money
25.Which of the following could be used as evidence against Stadtlander?选D.A receipt with the wine price
第二篇，文章开头第一句话：A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couples have violent confrontations of one sort or another during the
26.Which of the following statements is true?选C. Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence
27.The example concerning a university president’s wife shows that选A. domestic violence is found in well-to-do families as well
28.What Gelles says shows that选C. violence is related to the economic situation of the time
29.The word “outlawing” in line 5 of the last paragraph means选A. making something illegal
30.According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless选C. violence is not accepted as a solution to probblems
第三篇，文章开头第一句话：American scientists are developing an “intelligent” mobile phone capable
of blocking calls depending on the owner mood
31. According to the passage, the “Sensay” phone is capable of选C.…the owner’s mood
32.Second paragraph mainly tells us选B.…the new phone is going to function QQ 1031010648
33.According to professor Smailagic ,the light detector will show选A. where the mobile phone is.
34. The word “it” in line 5 of paragraph 4 refers to选A. the phone
35.The best title for this passage is选D. Sensay: The Future Mobile phone
Ⅳ.将下列汉语单词译成英语，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出，请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36乐意地readily 37前景prospect
38永恒的constant 39有益的beneficial
40进口import 41预报forecast
42元素element 43缩短，减少shorten
44诚实honesty 45有规律的regular
46改变vary 47坦率的frankly
48减轻relief 49和谐harmony
50倒塌collapse 51有效率的efficient
52真诚的sincere 53建设construct
54市长mayor 55好奇心的curiosity
Ⅴ将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白，答案写在答题纸上。
56 election 57 painful 58 safety 59 similarities 60 expectation
61 highly 62 successful 63 wisdom 64 desired 65 accomplishment
Ⅵ将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66尽管有困难，他们始终还是把工作完成了。They finally finished the job in spite of the difficulty. 67这次会议在促进两国友谊方面起了重要作用。This conference plays an important role in pormoting the relationship between the two countries.
68他长久以来梦想着成为一名足球运动员。He has been dreaming of being a football player.
69在过去的20年中，用于科学实验的动物数量大大减少了。In the past twentieth century, the number of animals for experiment greatly reduced.
70这次英语考试比我们预想的要容易得多。The English test was much easier than we had expected. Ⅶ将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题卡上。
腼腆的人很容易被动且易受别人影响，他们对于批评很敏感，他们也发现表扬很难令他们高兴，因为他们认为他们不值得表扬。一个腼腆的人对于赞扬可能会这样去回答:“你那样说是为了使我高兴，我知道我并不是真的值得表扬。”很明显，自知之明是一种好品质，但自谦过度也不好。能否完全克服腼腆，或至少让自己不那么腼腆，幸运的是人们能够通过努力耐心地建立自信来克服腼腆。
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）试卷及答案
（课程代码：00015）
I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.
A. persuade B .pursue C. persist D.proceed
2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions.
A. obligation
B.evidence
C.transaction
D.motivation
3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag.
A.to B .for C.on D.at
4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media.
A.request
B.require
C.inquire
D.acquire
5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along.
A.I realized
B.did I realize
C.I did realize
D.realized I
6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer.
A.appreciate
B.admire
C.enjoy
D.like
7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year.
A .importance B. attention C.significance D.popularity
8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes.
A. that
B.and
C.hence
D.as
9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.
A.going through
B.going in for
C.going after
D.going over
10.Decision on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is.
A.putting out
B.turning out
C.working out
D.running out
II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)
下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently.
Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year.
Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug. Its effects are 16 those of cocaine and heroin.
"No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes.
WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help 20 make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking.
11. A. whether B. which C. when D. what
12. A. to chew B. chew C. chewing D. chewed
13. A. problems B. questions ,C. results D. behaviors
14. A. at beat B. at most C. at worse D. at least
15. A.difficult B. inconvenient C. worrying D. reasonable
16. A. better than B. similar to C. consistent with D. dependent on
17. A. that B. this C. these D. those
18. A. Readers B. Books C. Managers D. Newspapers
19. A. Objet B. goal C. destination D. direction
20. A. Workers B. manufacturers C. farmers D. producers
III. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points each)
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
No one in my family could believe Allegra had any disability, much less one as severe as hers. To them a disability was physical, something you could see. They knew her as a happy, normal child. That's how it is with a learning disability -you don't see obvious physical symptoms.
But as she grew out of preschool, she would pretend to read-I knew she was pretending because the book was upside down. She withdrew into her own world where she could fantasize about being a ballet dancer, a Broadway actress or a figure skater. In the real world, ballet classes and music lessons led only to confusion, frustration and, ultimately, disappointment.
As for school, there was no way she could be included in a mainstream classroom. I went through every special school in New York, only to be told over and over: "She doesn't belong here." The last blow came a few months after the diagnosis, when I was at a pay phone on 72nd Street, waiting for an answer from the very last school on my list. Finally a cold voice came on-I can still hear it-and said: "I'm sorry, but we feel this isn't the place for her." I hung up and stared at the phone in tears.
I had lived my life as the daughter of Henry Ford II, and for the first time in my life I faced a problem that neither money nor position could solve. I nearly gave up, but I knew I couldn't. Without me, my daughter stood no chance of making it.
21 .According to the first paragraph, Allegra's problem was _ .
A. psychological
B. obvious
C. physical
D. invisible
22. Allegra was disabled in that _.
A. she was unable to learn like a normal child
B. she was always reading with her book upside down
C. she isolated herself from other children in her class
D. she was living in her dreams in conflict with the real world
23 .The expression "a mainstream classroom"(para. 3) refers, to _.
A. the last blow
B. the last school
C. special schools
D. normal education
24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.
A. the author would ask Henry Ford II for help
B. the author would continue to help her daughter
C. the author would leave New York for the sake of her daughter
D. the author had to use money or position to deal with the problem
25.The phrase "making it" (para. 4) probably means _.
A. becoming a figure skater
B. becoming a ballet dancer
C. becoming successful
D. getting proper treatment
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Contrary to what many people believe, highly intelligent children are not necessarily bound to have an academic success. In fact, so-called gifted students may fail to do well because they are unusually smart. Ensuring that a gifted child reaches his or her potential requires an understanding of what can go wrong and how to satisfy the unusual learning requirements of extremely bright
young people.
One common problem gifted kids face is that they, and those around them, place too much importance on being smart. Such an emphasis can breed a belief that bright people do not have to work hard to do well. Although smart kids may not need to work hard in the lower grades when the work is easy, they may struggle and perform poorly when the work gets harder because they do not make the effort to learn. In some cases, they may not know how to study, having never done it before. In others, they simply cannot accept the fact that some tasks require effort.
If the scholastic achievement of highly intelligent children remains below average for an extended period, many teachers will fail to recognize their potential. As a result, such students may not get the encouragement they need, and may further be depressed to learn. They may fall far behind in their schoolwork and even develop behavior problems. Boys may turn aggressive or become class clowns（小丑）.Girls often develop performance anxiety and other symptoms such as stomachaches.
One way to avoid such difficulties is to recognize that IQ is just one of the elements for success. Children do well or struggle in school for a host of reasons apart from IQ, according to psychologist Franz Monks of the University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands. These include motivation and persistence, social competence, and the support of family, educators and friends. Emphasizing the importance of persistence and hard work, for example, will help a child avoid the laziness trap. Gifted children also need intellectual challenges-to teach them how to work hard.
26. According to the first paragraph, the author believes that _.
A. intelligent students may fail to do well in their schoolwork
B. gifted students are too smart to do well in their schoolwork
C. intelligent students are bound to succeed in their schoolwork
D. gifted students understand what can go wrong and how to learn
27. When too much emphasis is placed on students' intelligence, people are likely to take it for granted that _.
A. smart students may not do well in the lower grades
B. intelligent students know how to avoid laziness trap
C. clever students require more intelligence than hard work
D. bright students may succeed even if they do not work hard
28. It is observed in the third paragraph that _.
A. highly gifted students show a great desire to learn
B. highly gifted students tend to fall ill with no reason
C. highly intelligent students also need encouragement
D. highly intelligent students score higher than average students
29. According to the author, a student's IQ is _.
A. one of the factors of success
B. the only factor for his success
C. directly related to persistence
D. closely associated with competence
30. This passage aims to tell people about _.
A. the academic performance of gifted students
B. the proper attitudes toward gifted students
C. the difficulties in recognizing gifted students
D. the motivation students need for their studies
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Mars Global Surveyor is the oldest of five NASA robotic devices, which is designed to find out signs that Mars once had water; and it had been taking detailed pictures of the red planet for a decade. Unfortunately, it stopped working on November 2 after it developed a motor problem.
After two days of silence, ground control teams received a signal that the device had put itself into an emergency standby mode. There was no information about what had gone wrong. Since then, the mission team at NASA's laboratory in California has tried to contact the device. This week, NASA engineers are preparing for what may be their last chance to recover the spacecraft.
NASA plans to use a newly arrived device to take a picture of the Surveyor to see how the failed craft is oriented to the sun for power and to Earth for communications. It is reported that the picture will be taken on Friday when the satellites are about 93 miles apart. The new high-powered camera should be able to image details of the Surveyor as small as about 10 centimeters. There is a good chance of recovering it.
Flight controllers also plan to try to get the Surveyor to contact one or both of NASA's roving（漫游）geology stations, Spirit and Opportunity, which are located on opposite sides o. Mars'equator（赤道）.The rovers would not be able to transmit the spacecraft'5 science data, but engineers at least would get an idea of its general position. The linkup also could show if the Surveyor still has power. If the device has been unable to charge its batteries due to a positioning problem or failed component, it could run out of power with no hope of recovering. But if it has power, the device is quite capable of autonomous control even if it doesn't hear from Earth. The Surveyor has far surpassed its design lifetime, but scientists still have more targets for the probe's camera and science instruments.
31.The main task of Mars Global Surveyor is _.
A. to take pictures of the red planet
B. to work out the problems of its motor
C. to find out if there was water on Mars
D. to find the causes of the failure in the device
32. The newly arrived device _.
A. is equipped with a powerful camera
B. checks the signs for water on the red planet
C. carries new components for the failed device
D. examines the surveyor's communication system
33. The last chance for NASA's engineers to recover the Surveyor might be _.
A. to charge its batteries
B. to adjust its position
C. to test its communication system
D. to use the new device to image it
34. The decisive factor for the recovery of the Surveyor is _.
A. its life
B. its orbit
C. its power
D. its position
35. The passage is most probably taken from _.
A. a book review
B. a news report
C. an advertisement
D. a science fiction tale
IV. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two words)
将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36．绝对的，完全的a. a 37．即，也就是adv. n
38. 障碍，障碍物n. b 39．候选人，应试者n. c
40．衰落，谢绝vt. d 41．忍受，容忍vt. e
42．特征，相貌n. f 43．金黄色的，金（制）的a. g
44．和谐，融洽n. h 45．估计，估价Vt. e
46．干涉，干扰vi. i 47．图书馆管理员n. l
48．多数，大半n. m 49．数字的，数值的a. n
50．官方的a. o 51．构架，框架n. f
52. 哲学n. p 53．推荐，介绍Vt. r
54. 奖学金n. s 55．热带的，炎热的a. t
V. Word Form (10、points, 1 point each)
将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56.Critics should be as objective as possible in their_ (analyze) of literary works.
57.Her father left her all his money when he died, which made her financially _ (dependent).
58.The United States is a country_ (advance) in science and technology.
59.It is not a bad movie, but there is nothing_ (origin) about it.
60.At the end of the conference, all the_(participate) were asked to fill out a questiolmaire.
61.When a person immigrates to another country, he should_ (conscious) adapt himself to the new environment.
62 . In my opinion, they should do something to reward their most_ (produce) employees.
63. The_ (month) salary for the position will be negotiable at around $2,000.
64. A task of the post office staff is to_ (class) mail according to the places it is to go.
65. There is an increasing_ (tend) for women to have children later in life.
VI. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points each)
将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66. 这男孩尽管还很小，但已会说两种外语了。
67. 全家人都同意今年夏天去意大利度假。
68. 据说包裹和信件都还没有到达目的地。
69. 我们正在想方设法克服所面临的困难。
70. 这本书激发了那个孩子对绘画的兴趣。
VII. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)
将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
Professors may establish social relationships with students outside of the classroom, but in the classroom they play the role of an instructor. A professor may have coffee with students one day but the next day he may expect them to meet a deadline for a paper or to be prepared for a discussion or an exam. The professor may give extra attention, outside of class, to a student in need of help, but probably will not treat him or her differently when it comes to evaluating academic work. Professors have several roles in relation to students; they may be counselors and friends as well as teachers. Students must realize that when a teacher's role changes, they should change their behavior and attitude accordingly.
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）答案
（课程代码：00015）