当前位置：文档视界 › 科技英语专业术语

科技英语专业术语

《科技英语教程》专业术语

Unit 1 Reading A

1、steam-powered car；steam car 【P1】蒸汽（动力）汽车

2、steam engine【P2】蒸汽（发动）机

3、internal combustion engine (ICE) 【P2】内燃机

external combustion engine (ECE) 外燃机

4、transmission 【P3】n.〔汽车的〕传动装置，变速器

AT=automatic transmission 自动变速器

MT=manual transmission手动变速器

5、clutch /kl?t?/ 【P3】[C]〔车辆的〕离合器（踏板）

6、gear /ɡ??/ 【P3】[C,U] （汽车等的）排挡，挡位

7、stroke /str??k/ 【P3】n.往复运动，冲程

8、reverse /r?'v??s/ 【P4】[U] 倒车挡

9、brake /bre?k/ 【P4】[often plural,常用复数] [C ] 刹车，制动器，车闸

10、boiler【P5】n.〔蒸汽机内或室内供暖的〕锅炉

11、tank /t??k/ 【P5】n. [C ]〔储存液体或气体的〕箱，罐

12、condenser【P5】 [C] 冷凝器

13、steamer 【P5】蒸锅；汽轮（船）

14、owner’s manual /'m?nju?l/ [P6 ] 用户手册

15、starting【P7】(引擎、汽车、机器等)；(引擎、汽车或机器等) 发动

16、hand-operated crank 【P7】手动曲柄

17、backfire 【P7】vi.〔汽车引擎〕逆火，回火

18、electric starter 【P7】电动马达，电动发动机

19、hood fittings 【P12】引擎盖配件，发动机罩配件

20、feedwater pump 【P12】给水泵

21、fossil fuel【P15】化石燃料〔如煤、石油等〕

22、carbon monoxide【P15】一氧化碳

23、nitrogen oxide【P15】氧化氮

24、throttle/'θr?t(?)l/ 【P15】〔控制汽车发动机油量的〕节流阀，油门

25、heat resistant coating 【P17】耐高温涂层

26、diesel /'di?z(?)l/ n. 柴油；柴油车；柴油船

petroleum /p?'tr??l??m/ [U ]石油

gasoline /'g?s?li?n/ [U ]汽油

27、steam power【P21】蒸汽动力

Unit 3 Reading A

1、artificial heart【P1】人造心脏

2、miniaturized space technology 【P1】微型太空技术

3、heart disease【P1】心脏病

4、organ transplant【P1】器官移植

5、cardiovascular medicine【P1】心血管内科；心血管医学

6、cardiac surgeon 【P2】心脏外科医生

7、prosthetic heart【P2】假体心脏

8、biological tissue【P3】生物组织

9、materials science【P3】[材] 材料科学；材料学

10、design methodology【P3】设计方法学

11、telecom satellite【P3】通讯卫星

12、quality threshold【P4】质量阈值，质量标准

13、space electronics 【P4】空间电子学

14、advanced modeling【P4】高级建模

15、digital simulation【P4】[计]数字模拟； [化]数字仿真

16、test bench【P4】试验台；[试验] 测试台

17、human implant【P5】人体植入

18、tiny electronics【P6】微电子设备；微电子学

19、onboard computer【P6】机载计算机；船用计算机

20、sensor 【P6】 [C ]〔探测光、热、活动等的〕传感器

21、solar wing【P6】太阳翼（太空站的太阳能电池板）

22、high-tech sensor【P7】高科技传感器

23、brushless motor【P7】无刷电动机，无刷马达

24、blood pressure 【P7】血压

25、synthetic materials 【P8】合成材料，人造材料，合成物

26、blood clots【P8】血栓；血液凝块

27、stroke [C ] 【P8】中风，卒中，脑卒中

28、pericardium /,per?'kɑ?d??m/ n. 【P8】[解剖] 心包；心包膜[pl ] pericardia

29、immune response【P8】免疫反应

30、pumping system of motors【P8】电动机泵送系统

31、hydraulic fluids【P8】液压机液体

32、clinical trial【P10】临床试验

33、NASA=National Aeronautics and Space Administration美国航空航天局

Reading 1 Unit 5

1、the Fountain of Youth【P1】不老泉

2、anti-aging drugs【P1】抗衰老药物

3、elixir /?'l?ks?/ [C] 【P1】literary a magical liquid that is supposed to cure people of illness,

make them younger etc 灵丹妙药；不老药

4、alchemist /'?lk?m?st/ 【P1】n. An alchemist was a scientist in the Middle Ages who tried to

discover how to change ordinary metals into gold. 炼金术士

5、longevity clinic【P1】长寿诊所

6、marketed intervention【P2】[贸易] 市场干预

7、building blocks【P3】建筑模块；生命控制中心

8、DNA 【P3】abbr. 脱氧核糖核酸（deoxyribonucleic acid） /di:'?ksi,raib?u'nju:kli:ik/

9、carbonhydrate/?kɑ?b???ha?dre?t/ n. 【P3】碳水化合物；碳化过程

10、Alzheimer n /'?lz'?m?/ 【P4】老年痴呆症（等于Alzheimer’s disease）

11、sanitation system【P5】卫生系统

12、parasitic disease【P5】寄生虫引起的疾病

13、vaccine /v?k'sin/ [C,U ] 【P5】a substance which contains a weak form of the bacteria or virus that causes a disease and is used to protect people from that disease 疫苗14、antibiotics/,?nt?ba?'?t?ks/【P5】 [C usually plural 一般用复数]a drug that is used to

kill bacteria and cure infections抗生素，抗菌素

15、physiological decline【P6】生理衰竭

16、built-in plan【P6】内置计划

17、blueprint /'blu?pr?nt/ [C] 【P6】a plan for achieving something计划，设想，蓝图

18、caloric intake【P10】热量摄入

19、stem cell 【P11】a special type of cell in the body, that can divide in order to form other types

of cells that have particular qualities or purposes 干细胞

Reading A unit 8

1、GPS=Global Positioning System): 全球（卫星）定位系统

2、GPS receiver 【P2】GPS接收器

3、handy guide【P3】实用指南

4、technical ingenuity【P3】技术创新

5、earth-orbiting satellite 【P4】地球轨道卫星

6、military navigation system 【P4】军事导航系统

7、solar-powered satellite【P5】太阳能卫星

8、complete rotation【P5】周转

9、trilateration /,trail?t?'rei??n/ n. 【P5】[测] 三边测量（术）

10、three-dimensional space 【P5】三维空间

11、radius /'re?d??s/ [pl ] : radii /'re?d?a?/ 【P7】（1）the distance from the centre to the edge of a

circle, or a line drawn from the centre to the edge〔圆的〕半径（长度）（2）an area that covers

a particular distance in all directions from a central point半径范围；周围

12、altitude /'?lt?tju?d/ [C] 【P12】（the height of an object or place above the sea海拔（高度）

13、high-frequency, low-power radio signal【P14】（高频率、低功率无线电信号

14、radio wave 【P15】无线电波；射频信号

15、electromagnetic energy【P15】[电磁] 电磁能 /?,lektr?(?)m?g'net?k/

16、digital pattern 【P16】数字模式

17、pseudo-random code【P17】伪随机码

18、synchronized clocks【P19】同步时钟

19、satellite positioning system【P19】卫星定位系统

29、atomic clock 【P19】原子钟/?'t?m?k/

30、quartz clock【P20】石英钟/kw??ts/

31、the pull of the moon【P23】月球引力

Reading A Unit 10

1、biotech food 【P5】转基因食品

2、genetically modified food 【P1】转基因食品

3、maize n【P2】玉米；黄色，玉米色

4、processed foods 【P2】加工食品

5、rapeseed oil【P2】菜子油

6、high-fructose [?fr?k?to?s] 【P2】n. [有化] 高果糖

7、syrup ['s?r?p] n. 【P2】糖浆，果汁

8、canola oil【P2】菜籽油

9、USDA【P3】美国农业部（United States Department of Agriculture）

10、genetically engineered food【P4】转基因食品

11、multinational company 【P4】跨国公司

12、resistance to herbicide【P5】除草剂抗性

13、allergen ['?l?d??n] n. 【P5】[医] 过敏原

14、toxin ['tɑks?n] n. 【P5】毒素；毒质

15、antibiotic resistance【P5】[微] 抗生素抗性

16、nutrient content【P5】营养成分

17、drought tolerance【P5】[农学][植] 抗旱性

18、FDA【P7】（美）食药监（Food and Drug Administration）

19、EPA【P7】（美）环保署（Environmental Protection Agency）

20、Monsanto Corporation 【P7】（美国）孟山都公司

21、litmus test 【P9】[化学] 石蕊色素测试

22、one-gene addition【P12】单基因添加物

23、protein【P12】蛋白质

24、genetic engineering【P13】基因工程; 基因工程学

25、domino effect 【P15】多米诺骨牌效应

Reading A Unit 12

1、light pollution【P1】光污染

2、the Milky Way 【P1】银河

3、BBC=British Broadcast Company 【P3】英国广播公司

4、birds migration【P5】鸟类迁徙

5、nocturnal animals 【P5】夜行动物

6、breast cancer 【P5】乳腺癌

7、intelligent lighting system 【P7】智能照明系统

8、wireless technology 【P8】无线技术

9、central management system【P8】中央管理系统

10、semiconductor 【P9】半导体

11、mammal 【P12】哺乳动物

12、global warming 【P21】全球变暖

Topics of each unit：

1、What are the advantages and disadvantages of steam cars and cars with internal combustions

engines? Do you think steam cars will reappear in the near future? Why or why not?

2、How can advanced space technology benefit our lives on earth in a concrete way?

3、What might be a reasonable and practical anti-aging life style?

4、What are the civil applications of GPS?

5、What are the risks and benefits of GM foods? Do you prefer GM foods or organic foods and

why?

6、What are the possible solutions to light pollution?

英语语法专业术语表达

英语语法专业术语表达英语语法语语语语表达 1. Morphology 语法 2,Notional Words 语语语3, Form Words 虚语 4,Parts of Speech 语语 5,The Noun 名语 6,The Pronoun 代语 7,The Numeral 数语 8,The Verb 语语 9,The Adjective 形容语 10. The Adverb 副语 11. The Article 冠语 12. The Preposition 介语 13. The conjunction 语语 14. The Interjection 感语语15. The Particle 小品语 16. Word Building 构语法17. Conversion 语化 18. Derivation 派生 19. Composition 合成 20. Prefix 前语 21. Suffix 后语 22. Compound Words 合成语23. Classification of Nouns 名语的分语

24. Common Nouns 普通名语 25. Proper Nouns 语有名语26. Countable Nouns 可名语数27. Uncountable Nouns 不可名语数28. The Singular Form 语形式数29. The Plural Form 语形式数 30. Individual Nouns个体名语31. Collective Nouns集名语体32. Material Nouns物语名语33. Abstract Nouns抽象名语34. The Common Case普通格35. The Possessive Case所有格36, Personal Pronouns 人代语称37. Possessive Pronouns物主代语38. Self Pronouns反身代语39. Demonstrative Pronouns指示代语40. Interrogative Pronouns疑语代语不意达41. Conjunctive Pronouns语接代语42. Relative Pronouns语系代语43. Indefinite Pronouns不定代语44. Reciprocal Pronouns相互代语45. The Subjective Case主格46. The Objective Case语格47. Cardinal Numerals基语数48. Ordinal Numerals 序语数49. Fractional Numerals分语数50,Notional Verbs语意语语 51. Link Verbs语系语语 52. Auxiliary Verbs助语语 53. Modal Verbs情语语语 54. Transitive Verbs及物语语 55. Intransitive Verbs不及物语语56. Regular Verbs语语语语 57. Irregular Verbs不语语语语 58. Person人称 59. Number数 60. Tense语语 61. Voice语语 62. Mood语气

(完整版)英语语法专业术语

英语语法专业术语语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses

动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form

小议科技英语翻译技巧

小议科技英语翻译技巧科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，少有变化，常用前置性陈述，即在句中将主要信息尽量前置，通过主语传递主要信息。科技文章文体的特点是：清晰、准确、精练、严密。那末，科技文章的语言结构特色在翻译过程中如何处理，这是进行英汉科技翻译时需要探讨的问题。现分述如下：一、大量使用名词化结构大量使用名词化结构（Nominalization）是科技英语的特点之一。因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实。而非某一行为。 Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. 阿基米德最先发展固体排水的原理。句中of displacement of water by solid bodies 系名词化结构，一方面简化了同位语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事实。 The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。名词化结构the rotation of the earth on its own axis 使复合句简化成简单句，而且使表达的概念更加确切严密。 If you use firebricks round the walls of the boiler, the heat loss, can be considerably reduced. 炉壁采用耐火砖可大大降低热耗。科技英语所表述的是客观规律，因之要尽量避免使用第一、二人称；此外，要使主要的信息置于句首。 Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实，而"谓语动词则着重其发射和接受的能力。二、广泛使用被动语句根据英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态。这是因为科技文章侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确。第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态，例如：Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。而很少说：You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine .你们必须注意机器的工作温度。此外，如前所述，科技文章将主要信息前置，放在主语部份。这也是广泛使用被动态的主要原因。试观察并比较下列两段短文的主语。 We can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. We call such a device a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance .It is measured in farads. 电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。这样的装置称之为电容器，

英语语法专业术语新

英语语法专业术语语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 名词 noun 专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun 可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable no 抽象名词 abstract noun 具体名词 concrete noun 物质名词 material noun 集体名词 collective noun 个体名词 individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction 动词 verb 主动词 main verb 及物动词 transitive verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb 短语动词 phrasal verb 限定动词 finite verb 非限定动词 infinite verb 使役动词 causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词 state verb 感叹词 exclamation 形容词 adjective

副词 adverb 方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb 代词 pronoun 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite 物主代词 possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词 nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词 article 定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article 数词 numeral 基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral 形式 form 单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 限定动词 finite verb form 非限定动词 non-finite verb form 原形 base form 从句 clause 从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句 nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place

教师资格证英语语法专业术语

语法grammar 句法syntax 结构structure 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 词性part of speech 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concret noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 原形base form 从句clause 从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause 主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause 时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result 目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition 句子sentence 简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence 并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence

华北电力大学科技英语翻译汇总题库

2018<科技英汉互译教程>上篇期末考试范围 P.23例2 This type of spring is extensively used in electrical instruments, and deserves special consideration. 这种弹簧广泛应用于电工仪表中，因此值得专门考虑一下。 P.24 例3 If the reaction took hours, and not seconds, the fuel costs would be prohibitive. 如果这一反应要花费数小时，而不是几秒钟，燃料费就太高了。例7 Keep the batteries in dry places, and electricity may not be made to leak away. （如果）把蓄电池放在干燥的地方，就不会漏电。这种句式中，祈使句表示条件，and后面的句子表示结果，可译为“如果……，就……”，或者“……就”。 P.25例12 In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us. 换言之，矿物就是存在于地球上，但须经过挖握、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物质。例14 The solar wind grossly distorts the earth's magnetic field, dragging it out to a long tail. 太阳风使地球磁场的形状发生很大的变化，将它向外拉牵，扯出一条长尾。译文中将分词短语译成了动词并列式分句（或后续分句），即在一个主语下使用两个或两个以上的并列动词，用逗号隔开。 P.26 例17 The substitution of some rolling friction for sliding friction results in a very considerable reduction in friction. 用滚动摩擦代替滑动摩擦，会大幅度减少摩擦力。例20 An understanding of the essential character of scientific investigation is best acquired from the study of a representative particular science. 要了解科学研究最本质的特点，最好是对特定的典型学科进行研究。 P.27 例23 The moon is a world that is completely and utterly dead, a sterile mountainous waste on which during the heat of the day the sun blazed down with relentless fury, but where during the long night the cold is so intense that it far surpasses anything ever experienced on the earth. 月球完全是一个毫无生气的世界，是一片多山的不毛之地。在酷热的白昼，太阳向它倾泻着无情的烈焰，而浸长的严寒却远远不是我们在地球上所能体验到的。原句中含有4个分句：由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰a world；介词on+关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰a world的同位语a sterile mountainous waste；关系副词where 引导的定语从句，也修饰a sterile mountainous waste；so…that引导的结果状语从句。例24 Computing machines are essentially machines for recording numbers, operating with numbers, and giving the result in numerical form. 计算机本质上是一种记录数字、运算数字并给出数字结果的机器。

英语语法专业术语表达

英语语法专业术语表达( The Noun 名词 The Pronoun 代词 The Numeral 数词 The Verb 动词 The Adjective 形容词 The Adverb 副词 The Article 冠词 The Preposition 介词 The conjunction 连词 The Interjection 感叹词Classification of Nouns 名词的分类Common Nouns 普通名词 Proper Nouns 专有名词Countable Nouns 可数名词Uncountable Nouns 不可数名词The Singular Form 单数形式 The Plural Form 复数形式Individual Nouns个体名词Collective Nouns集体名词

Material Nouns物质名词Abstract Nouns抽象名词 The Possessive Case所有格Personal Pronouns 人称代词Possessive Pronouns物主代词Self Pronouns反身代词Demonstrative Pronouns指示代词Interrogative Pronouns疑问代词Conjunctive Pronouns连接代词Relative Pronouns关系代词Indefinite Pronouns不定代词 The Subjective Case主格 The Objective Case宾格Cardinal Numerals基数词Ordinal Numerals 序数词Fractional Numerals分数词Notional Verbs实意动词 Link Verbs 连系动词 Auxiliary Verbs助动词 Modal Verbs情态动词 Transitive Verbs及物动词Intransitive Verbs不及物动词

英语语法专业术语表达

active voice 主动语态，passive voice被动语态， absolute construction独立结构， adjective 形容词，adverd 副词，noun名词， verb动词， artical冠词， determiner限定词，quantifier量词，numeral数词， subject主语， object宾语，adverbial状语，attributive定语，complement补语，predicative表语，appositive同位语，infinitive不定式, -ing participle-ing分词, -Ed participle -ed分词，finite clause 限定从属分句，non-finitive clause非限定分句,inversion倒装，adverbial clause状语从句，subject clause主语从句，relative clause/attributive clause定语（关系）从句，从句也可以用clause as subject/object/来表示主语从句、宾语从句时态：tense语态：voice单数：singular form复数：plural form 主谓一致：agreement of subject and verb 定语从句：attributive clause 名词性从句： noun clause 状语从句：adverbial clause 虚拟语气：subjunctive mood 冠词：article代词：pronoun形容词和副词：adjective & adverb 动词和动词词组：verbs & verb phrase 非谓语动词：Non-Predicate Verbs / Non-Finite verbs

科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.

翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法

英语语法常用词汇

English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语1．Parts of speech 词类 noun 名词pronoun 代词numeral 数词adjective 形容词verb 动词adverb副词article 冠词preposition介词conjunction连词interjection感叹词particle 小品词 2. Word building 构词法 conversion 转化derivation 派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compound words 合成词 3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类 common nouns普通名词proper nouns 专有名词 individual nouns个体名词collective nouns 集合名词 material nouns 物质名词abstract nouns 抽象名词 countable nouns 可数名词uncountable nouns不可数名词 the singular form 单数形式the plural form 复数形式 the common case 普通格the possessive case 所有格 the subjective case 主格the objective case 宾格 person 人称third person singular 第三人称单数 4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类 personal pronouns 人称代词possessive pronouns 物主代词 self pronouns 反身代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词 interrogative pronouns 疑问代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词 relative pronouns 关系代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词 indefinite pronouns 不定代词 5．数词、形容词、冠词 cardinal numerals 基数词ordinal numerals 序数词 fractional numerals 分数词the comparative degree 比较级 the superlative degree 最高级The definite article 定冠词 the indefinite article 不定冠词 6．Classification of verbs 动词的分类 national verbs 实义动词link-verbs系动词 auxiliary verbs助动词modal verbs 情态动词 transitive verbs 及物动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词 regular verbs 规则动词irregular verbs 不规则动词 the present forms 现在式the past forms 过去式 the participle 分词the present participle现在分词 the past participle 过去分词the infinitive 不定式 the gerund 动名词bare infinitive 不带to的不定式

科技英语翻译

形合和意合 1.昨天看电影我没有买到好票。 I did not buy good seat for movie last day. 2.这个车间既做来料加工，又做来样加工。 This workshop processes raw material on client’s demand and processes according to investor’s sample as well. 3.她在中国留学服务中心工作。 She works at Chinese service center for Scholarly Exchange. 4.烤烟，苹果，羊毛和甘薯是延安的四大农产品，年产量3.12亿元，占农业总产值的52.5%。 Cured tobacco, apples, wool and sweet potatoes are the four main agricultural products in Yan’an, their output values at 312 million yuan RMB, according for 5.2% of its total agricultural output values. 5.可以预言，钛材在飞机或各种飞行器上的应用将会与日俱增，并且在其他工业中的应用也会扩大。 It can be prophesied that titanium materials will be used increasing in aerospace and in other industries. 6.If rise of blood pressure occurs with some other disease, it is called secondary hypertension. 某种与其他疾病伴发的高血压，称为继发性高血压 7.Change of information, if any, concerning the contents of this section will be found in the appendix at the end of this book. 本节内容如有更改，均见本书末附录。 8.一种微生物能够破坏另一种微生物，这种现象最早是巴斯德发现的，他指出这可以用到医疗上去。 That a microganism is capable of destroying one of anther species was first discovered by Pasteur, who pointed out that can be used to the therapeutic use. 英汉句子中心的差异 1.他们培育出的细胞看上去像胚胎干细胞，这的确令人惊讶。 It’s truly amazing that they can produce cells that look like embryoric stem cells. 2.1968年12月阿波罗8号宇宙飞船上那些想家的宇航员们在太空拍下了整个地球的彩照，此后在1970年4月很快就出现了第一个地球日，这绝非是历史的偶然。 It’s no accident of history that the first Earth Day in April 1970 came so soon after the color photograghs of the whole earth from space were made by homesick astronauts on the Apollo 8 mission to the moon December 1968. 3.你们已经取得了进步，对此我毫不怀疑。 There has been no doubt in my mind of the progress which you have achieved. 4.由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样快的重新实现访问，这使我感到特别高兴。 I was all the more delighted when as a result of the initiative of your government, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 5.由于现代世界的发展和近年来在单门学科狭窄前沿上的研究进展，出现一些极其复杂的难题，单凭一两人的力量是无法对它们进行透彻研究的。 One cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world and by recent development in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline. 6.这种小型热带鱼由于具有自行修复受损和患病的眼部细胞的独特能力，长期以来一直为科学家所关注。The tiny tropical fish has long interested scientists because of its unique ability to repair damaged and diseased cells in their own eyes. 7.不努力就不会成功。 One can never succeed without making great efforts.

英语语法专业术语表达

英语语法专业术语表达 1.Morphology 词法2．Notional Words 实义词 3.Form Words 虚词4．Parts of Speech 词类 4.5．The Noun 名词6．The Pronoun 代词 7．The Numeral 数词8．The Verb 动词 9．The Adjective 形容词10. The Adverb 副词 11.The Article 冠词12. The Preposition 介词 13.The conjunction 连词14. The Interjection 感叹词 15.The Particle 小品词16. Word Building 构词法 17.Conversion 转化18. Derivation 派生 https://www.docsj.com/doc/f06284829.html,position 合成20. Prefix 前缀 21.Suffix 后缀22. Compound Words 合成词 23.Classification of Nouns 名词的分类24. Common Nouns 普通名词 25.Proper Nouns 专有名词26. Countable Nouns 可数名词 27.Uncountable Nouns 不可数名词28. The Singular Form 单数形式 29.The Plural Form 复数形式30. Individual Nouns个体名词 31.Collective Nouns集体名词32. Material Nouns物质名词 33.Abstract Nouns抽象名词34. The Common Case普通格 35.The Possessive Case所有格36．Personal Pronouns 人称代词 37.Possessive Pronouns物主代词38. Self Pronouns反身代词 39.Demonstrative Pronouns指示代词40. Interrogative Pronouns疑问代词不达意 41.Conjunctive Pronouns连接代词42. Relative Pronouns关系代词 43.Indefinite Pronouns不定代词44. Reciprocal Pronouns相互代词 45.The Subjective Case主格46. The Objective Case宾格 47.Cardinal Numerals基数词48. Ordinal Numerals 序数词 49.Fractional Numerals分数词50．Notional Verbs实意动词 51.Link Verbs连系动词52. Auxiliary Verbs助动词 53.Modal Verbs情态动词54. Transitive Verbs及物动词 55.Intransitive Verbs不及物动词56. Regular Verbs规则动词 57.Irregular Verbs不规则动词58. Person人称 59.Number数60. Tense时态 61. Voice语态62. Mood语气 63. The Principle Forms of Verbs动词的主要形式64. The Present Forms 现在式 65. The Non-finite Forms of the Verb动词的非谓语形式66. The Participle分词67. The Past Forms过去式68. The Past Participle过去分词 69. The Infinitive不定式70. The Gerund动名词 71. The Present simple tense一般现在时72. The Past simple tense一般过去时 73. The Future simple tense一般将来时74. The Past Future tense一般过去将来时 75. The Present Continuous现在进行时76. The Past Continuous 过去进行时 77. The Future Continuous 将来进行时78. The Present Perfect现在完成时 79. The Future Perfect将来完成时80. The Present Perfect Continuous现在完成进行时 81. The Sequence of Tenses时态的呼应82. The Active Voice主动语态 83. The Passive Voice被动语态84. The Indicative Mood陈述语气 85. The Imperative Mood祈使语气86. The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气

科技英语专业术语

英语语法专业术语表达

(完整版)英语语法专业术语

小议科技英语翻译技巧

最新英语语法专业术语整理

英语语法专业术语新

教师资格证英语语法专业术语

华北电力大学科技英语翻译汇总题库

英语语法专业术语表达

英语语法专业术语表达

科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.

英语语法常用词汇

科技英语翻译

英语语法专业术语表达