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聚乳酸增韧研究进展

2015年第34卷第11期CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·3975·

化工进展

聚乳酸增韧研究进展

邓艳丽,杨斌,苗继斌,苏丽芬,夏茹,陈鹏,钱家盛

(安徽大学化学化工学院,绿色高分子材料安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥 230601)摘要:总结了聚乳酸增韧改性方面的最新研究进展,为新型聚乳酸复合材料的研究开发提供理论依据;概述了共混、复合、共聚、交联、增塑以及添加成核剂等几种增韧技术,并比较了不同增韧方法的特点;通过对合成方法的改进以及进行共混、共聚、复合及增塑等改性,可以显著改善聚乳酸材料的力学性能并同时保持耐热性和降解性能不受影响;开发更加高效的增韧改性剂,增加其与聚乳酸分子链间的界面相互作用并提高复合材料的冲击性能已成为研究工作的努力方向。从微观分子尺度上对聚乳酸进行增韧改性以及设计绿色合成路线仍是目前研究工作的重点。

关键词:聚乳酸;降解;增韧;聚合物加工;成核

中图分类号:TQ 316.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000–6613(2015)11–3975–04

DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.11.023

Research progress in the toughening modification of polylactic acid

DENG Yanli,YANG Bin,MIAO Jibin,SU Lifen,XIA Ru,CHEN Peng,QIAN Jiasheng (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of

Anhui Province,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,Anhui,China)

Abstract:The latest research progress in toughening modification of poly lactic acid (PLA) was summarized in this work,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of novel PLA-based composite materials. Physical modification,chemical modification,plasticization,as well as several other toughening technologies were outlined,and comparison among them was also presented. The material physical and mechanical properties,optical performance and heat resistance of PLA can be significantly improved through the use of new synthetic method and blending,copolymerization,etc. The development of more efficient toughening modifier,in an attempt to enhance the interfacial interactions between PLA and the toughening fillers,is the direction of further study on PLA. The investigation on PLA toughening from the microscopic molecular scale,together with the design of green synthetic route,remains the focus of current research work.

Key words:polylactic acid; degradation; toughening; polymer processing; nucleation

高分子材料的广泛应用给人们生产、日常生活带来了极大便利,然而通用高分子材料(如聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯)制品在使用后难以降解处理,以致造成白色污染现象,开发可降解塑料已成为世界范围的研究热点。聚乳酸(PLA)又称“聚丙交酯”,属于聚酯家族,可以完全降解形成CO2和水,不会造成环境污染。随着研究的深入,PLA 现已广泛用于手术缝合线、药物缓释、生物医用材料以及包装材料等领域[1-3]。但PLA材料脆性高、亲水性差和热稳定性差等缺点已限制了它的广泛应用[4-7]。为提高PLA的物理力学性能(特别是改善其冲击韧性),已开展了大量改性研究工作,主要包

收稿日期:2014-12-22;修改稿日期:2015-04-02。

第一作者:邓艳丽(1991—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为聚合物基复合材料及其应用。E-mail dengyanli0218@https://www.docsj.com/doc/db10756388.html,。联系人:杨斌,副教授,主要从事聚合物材料“加工-结构-性能”关系研究。E-mail yangbin@https://www.docsj.com/doc/db10756388.html,。

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