00015 英语二 第四单元课后答案及参考译文

第4课Text A

Work Is a Blessing

I grew up in Lakeland, LA, one of 12 children. We all lived on my parents' subsistence farm(自耕自给农场). We grew cotton, sugar cane, corn, hogs, and chickens and had a large garden, but it didn't bring in much cash. So when I was 12, I got a part-time job on a dairy farm down the road, helping to milk cows. We milked 65 cows at 5 in the morning and again at 2 in the afternoon, seven days a week.

工作是一种福气

我在路易斯安那州的莱克兰长大，是家里12个孩子之一。我们所有人都依赖父母的农场勉强维持生活。我们种棉花、甘蔗、玉米，养猪、养鸡，还有一个大花园，但农场没办法让我们有多少收入，所以我在12岁时在马路旁边的一个奶牛场里找了一份兼职工作——帮忙挤牛奶。我要在早晨5点钟为65头奶牛挤奶，下午2点钟还要挤一次，一周工作七天。

In the kitchen one Saturday before daylight, I remember complaining to my father and grandfather about having to go milk those cows. My father said, "Ya know, boy, to work is a blessing."

在一个周六的黎明之前，我记得我在厨房里跟父亲和爷爷抱怨自己一大早还要去给那些奶牛挤奶，父亲说：“儿子，你要知道，能工作是一种福气啊。”

I looked at those two men who had worked harder than I ever had — my

father eking out(=making/earning) a living on that farm and my grandfather farming and working as a carpenter during the Depression. I had a feeling I had been told something really important, but it took many years before it sank in(完全被弄懂).

我看着这两个男人，知道他们比我有生以来工作得要更努力——父亲靠那个农场竭力维持生计，而爷爷在大萧条期间既开农场又当木匠。我那时有一种感觉，父亲跟我说了一些非常重要的东西，但许多年后我才真正理解了其中的含义。

Going to college was a rare privilege for a kid from Lakeland. My father told me if I picked something to study that I liked doing, I'd always look forward to my work. But he also added, "Even having a job you hate is better than not having a job at all." I wanted to be a farmer, but I joined the ROTC program to help pay for college. And what started out as an obligation to the Army became a way of life that I stayed committed to for 37 years, three months and three days.

对莱克兰的孩子来说，上大学是一种珍贵的待遇。父亲跟我说，如果我学了自己喜欢从事的内容，我便会一直期待找到适合自己的工作。但他也补充道：“就算从事了自己不喜欢的工作，那也比什么工作都没有要好。”我当时想做一名农夫，但为了减少学费负担，我参加了预备军官训练项目，当初的义务从军便成为我以后的生活方式，我在部队服役长达37年3个月零3天。

Serving in the U.S. Army overseas, I saw a lot of people like that

woman in Bangladesh. And I have come to believe(逐步相信) that people without jobs are not free. They are victims of crime, the ideology of terrorism, poor health, depression and social unrest. These victims become the illegal immigrants, the slaves of human trafficking, the drug dealers, and the street gang members. I have seen it over and over again on the U.S. border, in Somalia, the Congo, Afghanistan and in New Orleans. People who have jobs can have a home, send their kids to school, develop a sense of pride, contribute to the good of the community, and even help others. When we can work, we are free. We are blessed.

在驻海外的美军部队服役时，我看到许多人都和孟加拉国那个女人一样，于是我开始相信，没有工作的人是不自由的。他们遭受着犯罪、恐怖主义、疾病、经济萧条和社会动荡的侵害，于是这些受害者变成了非法移民，沦为人口贩卖的囚奴、贩毒者和街头帮派的成员。这种景象我一次次地在美国边境、索马里、刚果、阿富汗以及新奥尔良目睹过。有工作的人可以建立家庭，将孩子送到学校上学，内心树立起一种自豪感，增加对社区的积极影响，甚至去帮助他人。当我们有事可做时，我们身心自由，身处幸福之中。

I don't think I will ever quit working. I'm retired from the Army, but I'm still working to help people be prepared for disaster. And I may get to do a little farming someday, too. I'm not going to stop. I believe in my father's words. I believe in the blessing of work.

我觉得我不会停止工作。如今我已从军队退役，但我仍在致力。

于帮助人们在灾害来临前做好准备，可能哪天我也要去做点儿农活。我不会停下来的。我相信父亲的话。我相信工作是一种福气。

第4课Text B

How to Start Your Own Business

The paradox(悖论) of starting your own business lies in the simultaneous challenge and reward, making it an experience unlike any other. So many businesses fail, and most entrepreneurs exclude themselves from the possibility. The tragic reality is that when businesses fail, the passion often dies with it. By following some sound advice and being prepared for the process, you will decrease your chances of losing a lot more than you bargained for（期望）. I have recently started a business and have learned some crucial lessons in the process that I feel privileged （=honored/lucky）to share with you.

如何开始自己创业

和其他的经历不同，自己创业的矛盾之处在于挑战和收益并存。很多企业倒闭，而大多数企业家则能全身而退。然而残酷的现实是，跟着企业一起倒下的，还有创业的激情。然而在准备过程中的一些忠告则会让你比预计的少一些损失。最近我也在创业，并且在其中学习到了一些重要的经验教训，我很荣幸与你分享。

1. Identify your motivation. Why do you want to start your own business?

To have more time? To make more money? To be your own boss? To have creative control over what you love to do? Write out all of your motivating factors and prioritize them. When you see them listed, you might see a pattern（风格，特色）in that you're just unhappy at your current job and starting your own business isn't the answer.

1．明确你的动机所在。你为何要创业?为了有更多的时间?为了赚更多的钱?为了自己当老板?为了能有创造性地掌控你喜欢做的事情?写出所有激励你的因素，并排出先后顺序。当你列好以后再看。如果发现你只是对现在的工作不满意，那么创业绝不是你想要的。

2. Identify your passion. What do you love to do? What skills and knowledge do you uniquely bring to the table（拿得出手）? What gets you excited about your work? Keep that passion at the forefront of your business plan, your marketing strategies, and your daily routine. If you keep your passion in plain sight（显而易见）, you will stay focused on the purpose of your business and not solely on the logistics（后勤）.

2．明确你的激情所在。你喜欢做什么?你有什么样的独门绝技?什么能让你对你的工作很兴奋?把激情置于你的商业计划、营销策略和日常生活之前。如果你能保持激情，你就能更加专注于创办公司的目的，而不仅仅是运营。

3. Identify your market. If you are starting your business locally, research your competitors. Determine if there is room(余地，空间) in the market for your business. What will you do differently to draw in

customers? What niche market are the other businesses missing? If you are starting an Internet company, research the requirements for your own unique Web presence. Your business cannot survive without customers, so do enough research on the front end to determine if there are enough potential clients to keep your business alive.

3．明确你的市场所在。如果你想在本地创业，关注你的竞争对手。确定市场是否有你的立足之地。你能用什么不同的方式来吸引客户?其他公司缺少什么样的市场定位?如果你打算开创一家网络公司，研究一下你的公司存在的特别之处。客户是你的公司存在之本，因此提前做足研究，确保有足够的潜在客户能维持你的公司。

4. Identify your finances. If you have ever purchased a new home, you know that the financial obligations（债务）extend beyond the down payment and the mortgage. You have to buy furniture, trash cans, a garage door opener, light fixtures and landscaping equipment（景观美化设备）, and before you know it, you've far exceeded your financial boundaries. That can happen just as easily in a business. Do exhaustive （详尽的）financial planning. Meet with a financial advisor or someone at your bank to examine the financial viability of your business and the process of getting it up and running. Plan wisely and do not assume the best about your business. Be prepared for financial loss and get advice on how to alleviate that burden in the future.

4．明确你的财政状况。如果你刚买了房，你必须清楚随首付和月供

而来的财政义务。你还要添置家具、垃圾桶、车库门遥控开关、灯具和绿化设备。在你反应过来之前，这已经远远超过你的财政预算了。这在创业中是很常见的。做详尽的财政规划。找个财政顾问或者银行专员，核算你在启动和运营公司的时候财务上的可行性。理智规划，做最坏的打算。为经济损失提前做好准备，咨询如何减轻未来可能承受的财政负担。

5. Identify your support system. Seek out advice from seasoned business owners, even those in your own field. Develop relationships with people who can offer sound（=right）advice and criticism that you might not see. If there is a business owner in your community or in your network that you aspire to model, examine his or her business practices and how they handle various situations. Ask for counsel before big decisions, and even create your own makeshift Board of Directors to help guide you in the planning and start-up process.

5．明确你的支持体系。向经验丰富的企业家求教，包括同领域的。和那些能提出可靠建议和批评的人搞好关系。如果你周围或者朋友圈里有你钦佩的企业家，研究学习他或她的业务实践以及他们如何处理各种情况。做重大决策前多多请教，甚至在规划和启动过程中设立临时董事会来帮助出谋划策。

Once you have all of these elements in place（准备好）, you are prepared to start the process of developing a business plan, applying for a license, establishing a marketing presence（营销实体）, etc. Owning your own

business can be unparalleled in the professional world, and if you surround yourself with wise counsel, you can have a career that daily feeds your passion.

一旦你已经对上述问题成竹在胸，那么你就可以开始制定商业计划、申请执照、在市场中崭露头角了。能在专业领域拥有自己的公司美不堪言，如果你能时时听取明智的建议，那么你就可以每天激情满满地工作了。

课后习题参考答案

Text A

I . 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B

II . Section A

1. Dealers

2. Complain

3. Rarely

4. Blessing

5. Contribute

6. illegal Section B

l. Committed 2. Subsistence 3 . Immigrants 4. Unrest 5. Quit 6. victim Section C

1. about

2. of

3. to

4. in

5. in

6. again

Ⅲ. 1.check out 2. Improve 3. Stressed 4. Arrive 5. clearing away 6. Priority 7. Weight 8. Routine 9. Different 10. route

IV. Section A

1. she is looking forward to seeing you

2. If you always complain about being short of time for work

3. will contribute to the development of the suburbs

4. reminds her of her miserable childhood

5. we were prepared for the worst

Section B

不管你是在等餐位还是在等着做脑部手术，做任何工作都是为他人提供服务，让他们的生活过得好一点。我们都曾经有过这样的经历：一些人的工作提升了我们，使我们的生活发生了变化，或是让我们非常沮丧，日子变得更糟糕。我们都遇到过非常优秀的人，他们的工作是擦地板，而那些不太优秀的人，工作却非常好。因此，不管你做什么工作，你如何在工作中投入爱心？要对自己的工作心怀感激。心怀感激并不是说要一直做自己不喜欢的工作，而是说你在工作的时候能够培养积极的心态。你不喜欢自己的工作，但是你也许喜欢跟那些同事在一起，这就是应该感激的地方。心怀感激的时候，你在工作上会更加乐观，心情也更加愉快。

V. 3 1 2 5 4

VI.近年来，劳动力市场上的大学毕业生越来越多了，大学生毕业找到理想的工作也就变得越来越困难了。他们应该待在家里啃老还是从事不太如人意的工作呢？你怎么看待社会上的啃老族？请给出理由和建议。

Text B

I . Section A

l.Y 2.NG 3.N 4.N 5. NG 6.N

Section B

1. challenge and reward

2. passion

3. the purpose of your business and not solely on the logistics

4. your financial boundaries

5. sound advice and criticism

6. the planning and start-up process

II . Section A

1 . Exhaustive 2. Survival 3 . Various 4. Motivation 5. Profession 6. competitive

Section B

1. Sound

2. exceeds

3. Prioritize

4. unique 5 . Routine 6．pattems Section C

1. in

2. from

3. for

4. out

5. for

6. in

Ⅲ. Section A

1. Those who feel privileged to work with him

2. we need to arrange security guards in place

3. we can completely assume that he is not in the city

4. it may be impossible for the refugees to survive the winter

5. for those who exceed the speed limit

Section B

在决定自己的选择之前，先仔仔细细、认认真真地审视一下你开公司的动机。好多人想发财，逃避公司枯燥乏味的工作，缩短工作时

间，延长闲暇时间。以上这些原+因没有一个能促进公司成功的。如果你侧重于解决顾客的问题或者满足顾客的需求，相信你能够比别人做得更好；渴望延长工作时间，身兼数职，承担诸多责任，这样你就能摆正创业的心态了。此外，你还需要具备一些人格特质，比如，要乐于自己一个人努力工作．至少在第一年（也许更长的时间）里是这样的。

IV. Section A

1. Anybody would feel the same way if you had a teacher like me.

2.I read an interesting story about sportsmen in a magazine.

3. The climate in the coastal cities is much warmer than that in the interior ones.

4. When we ran down the hill, the farmhouse came into view.

5. To get ready for the trip, he put all the things needed into a suitcase. Section B

A first date can end up being categorized as a successful, a clingy, a boastful or an awkward one.

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