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人教版9年级英语第二单元知识点归纳

人教版9年级英语第二单元知识点归纳
人教版9年级英语第二单元知识点归纳

黄金笔记2

初三上学期英语第二单元

全解:宾语从句(一)

考情分析:海南省近几年中考、模拟考都几乎有一道考察宾语从句的单项选择题,考生要十分注意此知识点。宾语从句还可以在阅读中以长难句的形式出现。

一、概念

什么叫宾语?宾语也叫受词,它是动作的承受者。比如I love you的you就是承受love 这个动作的承受着。

宾语在句中的哪个位置?

1.一般放在及物动词后面。如:Our team beat all the others.我们的球队打败了所有其他球队。

2.有时为了强调,宾语也可以放在句首,如:Two weeks you shall have .你可以有两周的时间。

3.名词作宾语。Face the facts!面对现实!

4.代词作宾语。They won’t hurt us.他们不会伤害我们

5. 数词作宾语。If you add 5 to 5, you get 10如果你把5和5相加就会得到10

二、宾语从句的用法:

宾语是句子的一个重要成分,它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时,这个句子就叫做宾语从句。

三、宾语从句结构:

1、主句+ that(无词义,可省略)+从句(陈述句语序)

2、主句+ whether / if (是否)+从句(陈述句语序)

3、主句+疑问词+从句(陈述句语序)【将在第三单元讲解】

四、宾语从句的引导词:

引导宾语从句的引导词按所引导的句子结构特点可以分为三类。

1、that 引导的宾语从句:原句如果是陈述句,变宾语从句时要用 that 引导,that 无实义,只起到引导的作用。在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。

如:(1)I think (that) I can sell newspapers.我想我可以卖报纸。

(2) I know (that) he is a Canadian athlete.我知道他是一名加拿大运动员。

(3) Do you think (that) the children need to write.你认为孩子们需要写一首歌吗?

(4)Maria says (that) she doesn’t like the uniforms.玛丽亚说她不喜欢校服。

2、whether/if引导的宾语从句(weather是天气的意思,不要和whether搞混)

原句如果是一般疑问句,变宾语从句时要用whether /if 引导,whether /if意为“是否”。

如:(1)I want to know whether / if people will leave as soon as they finish eating in western countries. 我想知道西方国家的人是否是一吃完饭就离开。

(2)Could you tell me if /whether it’s polite to speak loudly at the table ?

你能不能告诉我吃饭时大声讲话是否有礼貌?

(3) I don’t know if/whether you are right. 我不知道你是否正确。

注意:whether/if 引导的宾语从句用法区别:用whether /if “是否”引导的宾语从句,通常情况下whether /if 可以互换。但以下情况 whether 不能用if 换。

(1)Whether后面紧跟有or not时。如:

I don’t know whether or not it rains. 我不知道是否会下雨。

(2)whether 引导主语从句位于句首首时。如:

Whether they will go by air or by train hasn’t decided.

他们是乘飞机去还是乘火车去还没有定下来。

(3)whether 用在带有to的动词不定式之前。如:

Please tell us whether to go or stay. 请告诉我们是去还是留。

(4)有些动词 (如:discuss) 后面只能跟whether,不能跟if。如:

We discussed whether we should let him join our team. 我们商量是否让他加入我们队。

(5) whether 可以与虚词it连用,并可引导不定式,但if 不能这样用。如:

It’s not clear whether he will be able to come。他是否会来还不清楚

练习:

1.-Do you know _____ to raise money?

-Yes.We can have a food festival.

A.what can we do

B.what we can do

C.what will we do

2.She asks _____ she can use this pen.

A.that

B.weather

C.whether

3—Do you know ________?—Yes. It’s on your table.

A. where my dictionary is

B. where is my dictionary

C. when I bought my dictionary

4.We don’t know _____ we can go or not

A.whether

B.if

C.that

5.Tom said _____ he wanted to be a teacher in the future

A.if

B.that

C.whether

全解:感叹句

考情分析:海南省近几年中考、模拟考都几乎有一道考察感叹句的单项选择题,考生要十分注意此知识点。

一、概念

什么叫感叹句?表示人体喜怒哀乐,末尾有“!”的句子。

二、做题方法(针对选择题):一断·二辨·三确定:

构成感叹句的感叹词有两个:what和how,其基本结构是:

1)What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语):

2)How+形容词(或副词)+(主语+谓语)

很多初学者常常对该用what还是该用how弄不清楚。

如:①____cold water this is!

A.How B.What

如果我们采取“一断·二辨·三确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。

①“一断”就是在句中的名词(或形容词、副词等)与代词(或名词)之间断开。例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开(因this是指示代词),____cold water|this is!

②“二辨”就是断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性。句①中断线前的词是water,而water 是名词。

③“三确定”就可迅速选择如果是名词就选what,形容词/副词就选how。所以第一例句就选B。用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句作出如下判断:____cold|it is!断开线其前cold是形容词,故应填How。

上面两个例句是最基本最简单的填空题形式。但只要掌握这个方法,即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。不过还要注意,如果断开后,断线前的那个中心词【就是这句话(这段话)紧紧围绕着进行论述的词】是单数可数名词,千万别忘了在感叹词与名词间加冠词a(an)。

练习:

1.— sweet music it is!

—And I really like the Voice of China TV programs.

A.What

B.What a

C.How

D.How a

2.______ honest man he is!

A. What

B. What an

C. How

D. How an

3. funny the joke is! It makes us smile from ears to ears.

A.What an

B.What

C.How an

D.How

4.—A number of people ___ killed by the terrorists at the Urumqi train station.

—_______ terrible it is!

A. were; How

B. was; How

C. were; What

D. was; What

5. ____ nervous the girl is!She can hardly say a word in the speech

A.What a

B.How

C.What

6.Look at Miss Wu‘s bag. ____ nice it is!

A.How

B.What

C.What a

在解答的时候,首先我们要浏览一遍问题,看清问题需要理解什么细节,然后有选择地在文中找出相对应的段落、句子或短语,认真分析与理解,最终确定正确答案。答案一般能直接在原文中找到。例:

Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining. There were hours to go before we reached the campsite (野营地). It was even worse that our small compass (指南针) showed that we went to the wrong way. We had lost our way!

We had to make a quick decision as it was raining heavily. Chris said we could set up a tent to hide in, so Mary and Tom helped to set up the tent. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us warm.

Question:1.It was even worse that they ____

A.had no picnic

B.lost their way

C.couldn’t light the fire

D.couldn’t know each other

2.Chris suggested that they should ____ in the rain

A.set up a tent

B.reach the campsite

C.keep singing

D.find a place to hide

解释:由第一段It was even worse that our small compass (指南针) showed that we went to the wrong way. We had lost our way! 可知他们迷路了,选B

从Chris said we could set up a tent to hide in可知,是建议搭帐篷,选A

1.be similar to 与···相似

2.现在完成进行时表示动作在迄今为止的一段时间内曾经延续进行或目前仍在继续并

有可能一直继续下去,强调动作持续进行的状态。常和for+时间段或since+时间

点连用。其结构为have/has been+动词的现在分词。如课本里面的句子:chinese people have been celebrating (现在完成进行时,表示中国人吃月饼的习俗从

古到今一直延续着并有可能一直继续这个习俗下去)the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries.

3.Steal sth from从···偷某物

https://www.docsj.com/doc/be17400141.html,y out 摆开,布置

5.the tradition of···意为···的传统

6.admire sb/sth欣赏某人/某事;admire sb for(doing)sth因(做)某事佩服某

7.as a result意为结果,因此;as a result of 意为因为,由于,相当于because

of

8.treat···as把···当作

9.dress up 装扮;dress up as装扮成,as后面接表示角色职业等名词;dress up

in意为穿上,后接表示衣服或颜色的名词

10.hate to do sth/hate doing sth讨厌做某事

11.on business 因公出差

12.warn sb(not)to do sth告诫某人(不要)做某事;warn sb of/against

(doing)sth意为告诫某人当心/提防某事

13.remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事;remind sb of sb/sth使某人想起某人/某

事;remind+that从句

14.be scared of sth害怕某事某事;be scared to do sth害怕做某事

15.change one’s life改变某人的生活

16.promise sb to do sth承偌某人做某事

17.in need处于困境中

18.the beginning of···的开始

19.play a trick on sb戏弄某人

20.make money 赚钱

本单元的写作话题是介绍某个传统节日或写出自己最喜欢的节日。具体写作中,首先应介绍节日的名称及庆祝节日的时间;然后重点介绍人们在节日期间的活动;最后可简单谈谈自己的感受。

实例:假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣。请你用英语给他写一封不少于70词左右的电子邮件,按下面要求介绍一下中国的传统节日——春节。开头和结尾已给出。

要求:①春节是一个传统节日及其时间。②简要介绍人们在春节到来之前的活动。③主要介绍人们在春节期间的活动。④你的感受。

I am very glad to tell you something about Chinese Spring festival.

范文:

Chinese Spring Festival celebrating the end of winter and the warmth of spring. It began in the last day of the lunar year, end in the 15th day of lunar New Year, also is the Lantern Festival. During the Spring Festival, people use red lantern and Spring Festival couplets decorate a house, put on all kinds of colored clothes, often visit friends and relatives or together eat dumplings, fish, meat and other delicious food. The children are looking forward to receiving red envelope money, and together they play each other the fireworks, with happy. Street with dragon and lion dance and some other carnival activities, CCTV will held the grand Spring Festival gala. 译文:中国的春节庆祝冬天的结束和温暖春天的来临。它开始于农历年的最后一天,结束于农历正月十五,也就是元宵节。在春节期间,人们用红灯笼和春联装饰房子,穿上各式各样的彩色衣服,经常拜访亲戚朋友或聚在一起吃饺子、鱼、肉和其他美味的食物。孩子们盼望着收到红包的压岁钱,他们一起放烟花,相互玩的跟开心。大街上有舞龙、舞狮和其他一些狂欢活动,中央电视台会举行盛大的春节联欢晚会。

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九年级英语知识点归纳总结 Unit1 How can we become good learners? 【短语归纳】 1. have conversation with sb.同某人谈话 2. too…to… 太……而不能 3. the secret to… ……的秘诀 4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 5. look up 查阅 6. repeat out loud大声跟读 7. make mistakes in在……方面犯错误 8. connect ……with… 把……和……连接/联系起来 9. get bored 感到厌烦 10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的 11. pay attention to 注意;关注 12. depend on 取决于;依靠 13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力 【单元知识点】 1. by + doing :通过……方式(by是介词,后面要跟动名词,也就是动词的ing形式) 2. talk about 谈论,议论,讨论 The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子: ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样?(about后面要用动词的ing形式,这一点考试考的比较多)如:What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…?(注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型) 如:Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…?(注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型) 如:Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…吧。(注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型) 如: Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们/我…好吗? 如:Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多 ,常用于句末。如:I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to :太…而不能,常用的句型:too + 形容词/副词+ to do sth. 如:I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法,三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。 ①aloud是副词,通常放在动词之后。 ②loud adv./adj. 用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如:She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,可位于动词之前或之后。 如:He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不,根本不 如:I like milk very much,I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶,我一点也不喜欢咖啡。not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾。 8. be / get excited about sth. 对…感兴奋 9. ① end up doing sth : 终止做某事,结束做某事 如:The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ② end up with sth. 以…结束(注意介词with) 如: The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先(这个短语可用在作文中,使得文章有层次) 11. also 也、而且,(用于肯定句)常在句子的中间 either 也(用于否定句)常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句)常在句末(它们三个的区分要清楚,尤其要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的 位置)。 12. make mistakes 犯错如:I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误如: I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话;取笑(某人)(常见短语) 如:Don't laugh at me! 不要取笑我! 14. take notes 做笔记,做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…,乐意做… 如:She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快如:He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。 16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成

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