专升本英语语法练习题及答案解析
几道非谓语动词作
1. He walked in, _____A____ a book in his hand, went to a table near the window and sat down in silence.
A. carrying
B. carried
C. to carry
D. having carried
【解析】答案选A。此题考查分词作状语的用法。首先不定式表示目的和将来可以排除；having done强调动作的完成，不符合题意，只剩下A和B，这是一个并列句，句中有三个谓语动词walked in, went to 和sat down。句中的carrying a book in his hand是现在分词，用作状语，修饰walked in，表伴随。提醒：此题易错选B。
2. _____B_____for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous.
A. having ignored
B. Having been ignored
C. to have been ignored
D. to be ignored
【解析】正确答案为B。此题考查分词作状语。因ignored和the novelist是动宾关系，而不是主谓关系，即“被忽视”，故可排除表主动意义的A。至于C和D，首先可排除D，因为它是不定式的一般式，表示将来意义，与句意不符；而C是不定式的完成式，一般不作时间状语。
3. _____B_____ to the consumers, more and more advertisers are using images of pop stars in their ads. A. Appealed
B. to appealed
C. appealing
D. to be appealed
【解析】正确答案为B，考查不定式的用法。首先可以排除A和D，因为appeal是不及物动词，不能用过去分词表被动，从句意来看，题目想表达的是为了吸引消费者，不定式作目的状语，而现在分词一般情况下不能表目的，所以选B。
4.—What’s the matter with you?
—____D___ the heavy suitcase, my waist was hurt unexpectedly.
A. Having carried
B. Carried
C. While carrying
D. While I was carrying
【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语。一般说来，非谓语动词的逻辑主语需要和主句主语一致，此题中，主句的主语是my waist，而非谓语动词的逻辑主语是I，所以不能用非谓语动词，只能用状语从句，所以选D。
5. ____D____with enough instruments necessary for the experiment, these scientists are expecting to finish it ahead of time. A. To be supplied B. to supplied C. supplying D. supplied
【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词作状语。这句话的主语是scientists，与非谓语动词supply是动宾关系，也就是被提供，因此排除了B和C，不定式作状语表示将来和目的，与题意不符，所以选D。
英语冠词典型考题讲练
1. Tom owns ________ larger collection of ________ books than any other student in our class. A. the; 不填 B.a; 不填C. a; the D.不填; the
2. For a long time they walked without saying ________ word. Jim was the first to break ________ silence. A. the; a
B. a; the
C. a; 不填
D. the; 不填
3. When he left ________ college, he got a job as ________ reporter in a newspaper office.
A.不填；a
B.不填；the
C. a ; the
D. the ; the
4. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off ________ .
A. a price
B. price
C. the price
D. prices
5.________ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is________ major concern of the country.
A. The; 不填
B. The; a
C. An; the
D. An; 不填
6. The Wilsons live in ________ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ________ 17th century cottage. A. the , /B.an, the C. /, the D. an, a
7.When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to ________ hotel; I can find you ________ bed in my flat.
A. the; a
B. the; 不填
C. a; the
D. a; 不填
8. When you finish reading this book, you will have ________ better understanding of ________ life. A. a, the B. the,
a C. /, the D. a, /
9. It is ________ world of wonders ________ world where anything can happen.
A. a, the
B. a, a
C. the, a
D.不填, 不填
10. The most important thing about cotton in history is ________ part that it played in ________ Industrial Revolution.
A.不填；不填
B. the；不填
C. the; the
D. a; the
11.While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made________ discover which completely changed ________ man’s understanding of colour.
A.a…不填
B.a…the
C.不填…the
D.the…a
12.—I’d like ________ information about the management of your hotel, please.
—Well, you could have ________ word with the manager. He might be helpful.
A. some, a
B. an, some
C. some, some
D. an, a
13. Many people agree that ________ knowledge of English is a must in ________ international trade today. A. a; /
B. the; an
C. the; the
D. /；the
14.—Have you seen ________ pen? I left it here this morning.
—Is it ________ black one? I think I saw it somewhere(https://www.docsj.com/doc/b66886066.html,).
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
15. Paper money was in ________ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ________ thirteenth century.
A. the; 不填
B. the; the
C.不填; the
D.不填; 不填
16. Most animals have little connection with ________ animals of ________ different kind unless they kill them for food.
A. the; a
B.不填; a
C. the; the
D.不填; the
17. Jumping out of ________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting experience.
A.不填, the
B.不填, an
C. an, an
D. the, the
18.The sign reads “In case of ________ fire, break the glass and press ________ red button. ” A. / ; a B./ ; the
C. the; the
D. a; a
19. On ________ news today, there were ________ reports of heavy snow in that area.
A. the; the
B. the; 不填
C.不填；不填
D.不填；the
1.B. 因为collection (收藏品，收集物) 是可数名词，此处为单数，又不是特指，所以用不定冠词；books是名词复数表示种类，而非特指，所以不用冠词。又如：a fine collection of paintings精美的绘画收藏品。
2. B. word (话、话语) 是可数名词，without saying a word意为“没说一句话”；虽然silence (沉默)是不可数名词，但此处是特指前面提到的那种沉默，所以用the。
3. A. 因为school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, table, bed名词等指其用途时，不用冠词。leave college 意为“大学毕业”。又因为表示职业或身份的单数名词前通常要用不定冠词，所以选A。
4. C. price前加定冠词表特指。句意为“如果你买10个以上，他们会从那个价钱中减掉20便士”。
5. B. 因为division后有介词短语between…and…的限制，这是特指的，所以要用the。又因为concern作“所关切的事”解是可数名词，所以前面要用冠词。
6. D. 因为house和cottage都是可数名词，且都不是特指，所以都用不定冠词。句意是“威尔逊一家住在大海附近的一栋A形房子里，那是一座17世纪建的别墅”。
7. A. 从next time可知，对方这次住了旅馆，第一空的hotel就是特指这个旅馆，所以用the；第二空的单数可数名词bed不是特指的，所以用不定冠词。句意是：你下次来这里度假，就不要到这旅馆来住了，我在我的公寓里帮你弄张床。
8. D. 虽然understanding是不可数名词，但作“了解、理解”解时，却常常要加不定冠词(尤其是当其前有形容词修饰时)，排除B和C。又因为life作“生活、人生”解，是不可数名词，不是特指，不用冠词。have a better understanding of life指“对生活有更深刻的理解”。
9.B. 虽然通常说the world，但world有定语修饰时，表示“一个…的世界”时，要用不定冠词。题中两个world都有定语修饰，后者是前者的同位语，所以两个都用不定冠词。句意是：这是一个奇妙的世界，一个什么事都有可能发生的世界。
10. C. 因part后面有一定语从句修饰，是特指，用the；又因为“工业革命”是由普通名词构成的专有名词，所以前面也要用the。
11. A. 因为discovery作“被发现的事物”讲是可数名词，前面用不定冠词，又如，make an important discovery scientific discovery (作出重大的科学发现)。man作“人、人类”解，是既没有复数形式，也不能在前面加冠词的，understanding前又受名词所有格man’s修饰，也不能用冠词，所以第二空不用冠词。
12. A。information 是不可数名词，前面不用冠词，因此排除B 和D；have a word with是固定短语，意为“和某人谈一下”。句意为“我想请你帮我看一下旅馆的管理材料”。“好的，你可以和饭店经理谈，他会帮你的”。
13. A。此题考查不定冠词和不用冠词的情况。抽象名词knowledge前加不定冠词a使其具体化，a knowledge of English意为“懂英语”；而international trade是泛指，意为“国际贸易”，前面不用冠词。句意为“很多人认为懂英语是当今国际贸易所必需的”。
14.D。此题在特定语境中考查不定冠词的用法。第一句句意为“你看见一支钢笔吗？”是泛指，用不定冠词。第二空“是黑色的吗？”不是二次提及上文的钢笔，也是泛指，故也用不定冠词。
15. C。(be) in use是固定词组,意为“在使用中”；第二空是序数词前要加定冠词，the thirteenth century 指第13世纪。句意为“十三世纪马可波罗访问中国时，中国已用纸币”。
16. B。animals 是名词复数表示泛指，不用冠词；kind是单数可数名词，of…kind“…种类的”。根据句意“多数动物与另一类的动物没有关系，除非它们以其为食”。可指应用a表示泛指。
17.C。句意为“从一万英尺高的飞机里跳出来是一次非常激动人心的经历”。airplane表泛指，以元音开头用an；experience当“经历”讲时是可数名词，因此表示“一次经历”要加不定冠词。
18.B。fire泛指“火灾,失火”，不用冠词；red button 是特指，第二空用the。句意为“那块牌子上写着：“万一失火，打碎这块玻璃，按那个红色按钮”。
19. B。第一空用the表示特指“今日的新闻”；第二空reports是复数名词表泛指，不加冠词。句意为“在今天的新闻中有关于那个地区的大雪的报道”。
英语基础语法常考题·附解析
1. ─What are you reading, Jane?
─Some books on ________ education, I’m now interested in ________ education of young people. A. an; the B. /; the C. the; an D. an；/
2. —You were out when I dropped in at your house yesterday.
—Oh, I________ for a friend from Beijing at the railway station.
A. was waiting
B. had waited
C. am waiting
D. have waited
3. —Little Jim has been eating sweets all day.
—It’s no ________ he is not hungry
A. matter
B. doubt
C. problem
D. wonder
4. Comrade Wang ________ be in Shanghai—I saw him in the company only a few minutes ago. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. may not D. isn’t able to
5. It was not until I got home ________ I found my wallet missing.
A. that
B. when
C. where
D. which
6. The number of the people present at the concert ________ much smaller than expected. There ________ many tickets left.
A. was; was
B. were; was
C. were; were
D. was; were
7. ________ you stepped into the lab with your shoes on? You’re supposed to take them off be fore you enter it. I told you so!
A. How come
B. How dare
C. How about
D. How long8
8. They made no effort to hide their amusement ________ I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
9. ________ her work has been good, but this essay is dreadful
A. In a word
B. In general
C. In particular
D. In total
10. She returned home from the office, only ________ the door open and something missing.
A. finding
B. to be found
C. to find
D. found
11. We should ________ ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our profession.
A. devote
B. spend
C. offer
D. provide
12. The Anti- Japanese War ________ in 1937 and it ________ eight years.
A. broke out; lasted
B. broke out; was lasted
C. was broken out; lasted
D. was broken out; was lasted
13. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building ________others were waiting on the airfield.
A. during
B. where
C. which
D. while
14. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. Which
15. —Let’s go to the zoo this Sunday, OK?
—________. I love to see all kinds of animals.
A. I couldn’t agree more
B. I’m afraid not
C. I believe not
D. I don’t think so
1. B。第一个education 意为“教育；教育学”，为不可数名词，因此不用冠词；而第二个education 表示特指，意为“年轻人的教育”，因此用定冠词，故答案为B。
2. A。根据上句中的时间状语的提示可知谓语动词是指过去某时正在发生的事情，因此用过去进行时态，故答案为A。
3. D。上句“小吉姆整天在吃糖果”是“他不饿”的原因，因此答案为D。no wonder 意为“难怪，不足为怪。”
4. B。情态动词must 表推测时只能用于肯定句。在否定句中用can’t代替must。can’t 意为“不可能”；may not 意为“可能不”；be able to 表示经过努力或克服了困难之后做成了某事的能力，意为“能，会”。句中的破折号起解释说明的作用。“我几分钟前在公司见过他”，因此“不可能在上海”，故答案为B。
5. A。强调句的基本结构由“It is / was +被强调部分+ that / who + 句子其余部分”组成，如果被强调的是人用that 或who；其他用that。句意为：到了家我才发现我的钱包不见了。
6. D。the number of 修饰可数名词复数作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式；There be 必须与后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。tickets 为复数名词，因此用were。故答案为D。
7. A。how come 意为“怎么”；how dare 意为“怎敢”；how about 意为“怎麽样”；how long 意为“多久”。根据语境“怎么穿着鞋进了实验室？进来之前你该脱掉。我早告诉过你”可知答案为A。
8. D。此题考查whenever 引导的时间状语从句。句意为“每当我从衣袋里拿出一包糖果的时候，他们毫不掩饰他们觉得好笑”。
9. B。in a word 意为“总之”；in general 意为“一般地；大体上；通常”；in particular 意为“特别”；in total 意为“整个地；总共”。根据句意“总的说来，她的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了”答案为B。
10. C。作结果状语时，不定式常表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即预料之外；而分词常表示一种自然而然的结果，即预料之中。根据语境“发现门开着，有东西丢了”是他没想到的，因此可知应用不定式。又因句子的主语he 与动词find是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用主动语态，因此答案为C(https://www.docsj.com/doc/b66886066.html,)。
11. A。devote…to 为习惯用语，意为“把……献给；把……专用于”。句意为“我们应当勤奋地而且忠诚地献身于我们的职责。”
12. A。break out 和last 都是不及物动词，都不能用于被动语态，因此答案为A。句意为“抗日战争1937 年爆发，持续了八年。”
13. D。while 作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意为“而、却”。句意为“当飞机抵达时,一部分侦探等在主楼里面，而另一部分则等在停机坪上。”
14. B。as 和which 引导非限定性定语从句，都可以指整个句子，有时可以通用。但as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。which 只能放在句中。句意为“周所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。”
15. A。上句提出建议“我们周日去动物园好吗？”根据答语中的后句“我喜欢看各种动物”可知是表示赞成对方的建议，故答案为A。意为“我非常赞成。”
1. “May I borrow your paper?” “ ________.”
A. By all means
B. Never mind
C. You are welcome
D. Don’t mention it
2. This bird is really lovely, and I’ve never seen ________ one.
A. a finer
B. a finest
C. the finer
D. the finest
3. Since there’s no more work to do, we might just ________ go home.
A. so well
B. as well
C. so good
D. as good
4. He made ________ known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics.
A. that
B. it
C. himself
D. him
5. That car nearly hit me; I ________.
A. might be killed
B. might have been killed
C. may be killed
D. may been killed
6. “Have you ever eaten snails?” “No, and I hope I ________.”
A. will never
B. never will
C. have never
D. never have
7. She wrote a famous book, and so ________ a place in history.
A. winning
B. to win
C. to have won
D. won
8. I’ll have to change my cl othes before I go out —I don’t want ________ like this.
A. to see
B. seeing
C. to be seen
D. being seen
9. We make sure we’re always well stocked up with candles, just ________.
A. in case
B. for certain
C. in practice
D. for use
10. It’s ha rd to rescue drowning people because they ________ so much.
A. sink
B. swim
C. jump
D. struggle
11. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we ________ there by tomorrow.
A. can’t get
B. won’t get
C. hadn’t got
D. wouldn’t get
12. The little time we have together we try ________ wisely.
A. spending it
B. to spend it
C. to spend
D. spending that
13. You should put on the notices ________ all the people may see them.
A. where
B. in which
C. at
D. for them
14. She took he r son, ran out of the house, ________ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctor’s office.
A. put
B. to put
C. putting
D. having put
15. The old house, in front of ________ there is an apple tree, is ________ I used to live.
A. that, the place
B. it, the place
C. which, where
D. what, where
1. A。by all means 表示同意，意为“完全可以”。
2. A。I’ve never seen a finer one 的实际意思是This is the finest one I’ve ever seen。
3. B。might just as well (后接动词原形)的意思是“不如……”或“还是……的好”。
4. B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that he didn’t want to enter politics。
5. B。表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might+动词完成式。若只是推测过去可能的事，则可用may [might] + 动词完成式，如He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了。
6. B。根据句意，填空处应用将来时态(实为将来时态的省略式)；另外注意，频度副词本来通常置于助动词之后，但是若省略主要动词，即当频度副词和助动词置于句末时，应将频度副词置于助动词之前。
7. D。and so won a place…可视为and so he won a place…之省略。
8. C。want 表示“想要”时，其后通常接不定式，又由于主语与see 之间含有被动关系，故用被动式。
9. A。in case 在此表示“以防万一”。
10. D。由句意和常识推知。
11. A。we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气。
12. C。该句的正常词序为We try to spend the little time we have together wisely.
13. A。where 指“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。
14. A。句中四个动词为并列谓语，应时态一致(https://www.docsj.com/doc/b66886066.html,)。
15. C。第一空应填which，in front of which there is an apple tree 为修饰the old house 的非限制性定语从句；第二空填where，用以引导表语从句。
典型定语从句易错题详解
■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was
B. it was
C. which were
D. them were
【易错】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.
A. which is
B. it is
C. which are
D. them are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. what
【易错】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
【易错】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。
再比较下面一组题，其中第(1)题选B，第(2)题选D：
(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which
B. As
C. That
D. It
(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which
B. As
C. That
D. It
■ David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.
A. that
B. who
C. as
D. whom
【易错】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such … that …，句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：
David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.
A. that
B. who
C. as
D. whom
请再做以下试题（答案选D）：
It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.
A. like
B. that
C. which
D. as
■ The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
【易错】容易误选C，用them 代指the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：
(1) His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
(2) Ashdown forest, through _______ w e’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
(3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
类似地，以下各题选whom，不选them：
(4) George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
A. that
B. him
C. them
D. whom
(5) Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.
A. that
B. who
C. them
D. whom
(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.
A. that
B. who
C. them
D. whom
■ He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.
C. which
D. who
【易错】容易误选B，用them 代指students。
【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。比较以下各题(答案均选A)：
(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that
(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.
A. them
B. which
C. what
D. that
(3) He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. whom
B. them
C. which
D. who
(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. them
B. whom
C. which
D. who
■ He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.
A. whom
B. them
C. which
D. who
【易错】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在invited 前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：
(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that
答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的carried out 为过去分词。
(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that
答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。
(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that
答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。
■ On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
【易错】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：
(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their
B. whose
选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语were seated。
(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。
(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。
(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat。
(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语were sitting。
■ If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
【易错】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选that，而不选which：
(1) If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.
A. as
B. which
C. and it
D. that
(2) If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
(3) Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.
A. that
B. which
C. and it
D. so
(4) When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
■She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
【易错】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词where。
【分析】正确答案为A。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词which或that。比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
请再做一组试题(答案均选A)：
(1) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词bought 的宾语。
(2) Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。
(3) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which
选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。
英语时态考题专练（有详解）
1. We ________ to move but are still considering where to go to.
A. are deciding
B. decided
C. have decided
D. had decided
2. I left my pen on the desk a nd now it’s gone; who ________ it?
A. took
B. has taken
C. will take
D. had taken
3.They won’t buy any new clothes because they ________ money to buy a new car.
A. save
B. were saving
C. have saved
D. are saving
4. I ________ your last point — could you say it again?
A.didn’t quite catch
B.don’t quite catch
C.hadn’t quite catch
D.can’t quite catch
5.—Are you a teacher?
—I ________, but now I am working in a company.
A. is
B. am
C. was
D. had
6. I feel sure I ________ her somewhere before.
A. was to meet
B. have met
C. had met
D. would meet
7.—Does Liu Hui serve in the army?
—No, but he ________ in the army for three years.
A. served
B. has served
C. is serving
D. would serve
8.—Tom came back home yesterday.
—Really? Where ________ at all?
A. had he been
B. has he been
C. had he gone
D. has he gone
9. Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Professor Smith ________, so we only had time for a few words.
A. has just left
B. had just left
C. just left
D. was just leaving
10.—I’m sorry; I shouldn’t ha ve been so rude to you.
—You ________ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost
B. had lost
C. did lose
D. were losing
11.—You must have met him the other day.
—Oh, no, I ________.
A.hadn’t
B.mustn’t
C.haven’t
D.didn’t
12.—Will you go to the park now?
—Not until I ________ my physics exercises.
A. will finish
B. have finished
C. will have finished
D. had finished
13.—Did you enjoy the film?
—Yes, it’s the best one I ________ these years.
A. had
B. have had
C. had had
D. would have
14.—Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?
—Yes, he did. He ________ his old friends for a long time.
A.didn’t see
B.wouldn’t see
C.hasn’t seen
D.hadn’t seen
15. When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone. Where ________?
A. did you go
B. have you gone
C. were you
D. had you been
16. She ought to stop working; she has a headache because she ________ too long.
A. has been reading
B. had read
C. is reading
D. read
17.—Why do you look worried?
—Fred left the company half an hour ago. His work ________ unfinished since.
A. left
B. was left
C. has left
D. has been left
18.—You could have asked Mr. Johnson for help. He is kind-hearted.
—I ________ that. A whole day ________.
A. forget; wastes
B. forgot; was wasted
C. forgot; had wasted
D. forget; was wasted
19.You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he ________ an important meeting then.
A. will have
B. would have
C. will be having
D. will have had
20.—I’m sorry, but the boss isn’t here yet. Shall I have him call you when he comes back?
—No, I’ll call him back. If I call again in half an hour, do you think she ________ ?
A. had arrived
B. has arrived
C. will arrive
D. will have arrived
21.—What’s wrong with your coat?
—Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ________on it.
A. sat
B. had sat
C. had been sitting
D. was sitting
22.—Why weren’t you at the meeting?
—I ________ for a long-distance call from my aunt in America.
A. waited
B. was waiting
C. had been waiting
D. had waited
23.—Will you attend the meeting this evening?
—But I ________ told anything about it.
A.wasn’t
B. am not
C.haven’t been
D.won’t be
24.— What did you think of Act I of the play last night?
—I’m sorry. The play ________ when I got there.
A. had been started
B. had been on for half an hour
C. was to start
D. had begun for half an hour
25.—Why did you come by bus?
—My car broke down yesterday evening and I ________ it repaired.
A.didn’t have
B.don’t have
C.won’t have
D.haven’t had
1. C。用现在完成时表示影响，即指现在已经作出决定。
2. B。用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即现在笔不见了，是由于某人已经把它拿走了的结果。
3. D。用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
4. A。从下文的语境看，既然现在叫对方重复一遍，说明“没听清对方的最后一点”应发生在过去（即说此话之前）。
5. C。这时用一般过去时表示过去曾经是老师，但现在不是了。
6. B。before 用作副词时不与具体时间连用，泛指“以前”，通常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用。
7. A。由no是对前句的否定可知现在不在部队服役，是以前“服过役”，故用一般过去时。
8. A。have been to…去过某地(已回来)，have gone to…到某地去了(没回来)；又因为问的是Tom回来之前到去过某地，故用过去完成时态。
9. D。从“我们只谈了几句话”可知，当我们去拜访时，Professor Smith“正要”离开了，D是过去进行时表示过去将来意义。
10. C。上句“我本不该对你那么无礼”是对过去情况的自责，答语“你当时的确很生气”，用一般过去时，did 在lose 前表示强调。
11. D。问句是对过去情况的猜测，所以答句用一般过去时。I didn’t是I didn’t meet him the other day 的省略。
12. B。因为在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。若强调从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时，本题属后一种情况。
13. B。因为these years 是包括现在在内的，故用现在完成时。
14. D。由于见朋友发生在过去(即昨天)，而很久没有见到朋友自然是昨天的见面之前，即属于过去的过去，故用过去完成时。
15. C。句子的前半句说上午打电话时没有人接电话，而后半句问对方当时在什么地方。显然，句子前后两部分的时间应一致，即用一般过去时。
16. A。从第一句话She ought to stop working 可知“他仍然在学习”，故后面用现在完成进行时态。
17. D。受前一句left的影响，易误选B。题干中的since说明此处应用现在完成时态。从问句中也可看出来，此处强调动作对现在的影响，故要用现在完成时的被动式。
18. B。说话之前“忘了”，故用一般过去时态；第二空应用一般过去时的被动语态形式。
19. C。指将来某时或某段时间正发生的事用将来进行时。
20.D。一般将来时表示将要发生的动作，而将来完成时表示将来某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作。根据语境可知是强调将来的结果，应用将来完成时。
21. C。意思是：刚才我想下公共汽车时，(我才发现)靠近我坐的那个人一直坐在我的外衣上。表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时间仍在进行的动作或状态用过去完成进行时。
【英语】 英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析
【英语】英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析 一、语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good night's sleep. ________ (dress) in special all-in-one sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn ________ they get under the covers. Dr Chris Idzikowski, ________ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He ________ (explain) that "There's plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night ________ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs partly because the blood vessels (血管) ________ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat." "A warm bed –approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis –is ________ good way to start this process while a cold bed isn't. It helps people sleep well especially as it's taking much ________ (long) for them to warm up when they come in from the snow." Dr Chris Idzikowski and ________ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like "having a giant hot water bottle in your bed". The five-minute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester ________ the end of next month. 【答案】 Dressed；before；director；explained；when；of；a；longer；his；at 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款新发明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好处。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。动词dress与这句话的主语the walking electric blankets之间是被动关系，故填Dressed。 （2）考查状语从句。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。根据句意，客人睡觉之前需要暖床，故填before。 （3）考查名词。句意：爱丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士说，这个办法能帮助人们更好地入睡。空格前是一个人名，两个逗号之间的部分是这个人名的同位语，所以应填一个表示人的名词。故填director。 （4）考查时态。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。由上一句中said使用的是一般过去时可知，这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填explained。 （5）考查定语从句。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。根据句意，这是一个定语从句，先行词为the beginning of the night，并且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故填关系词when。 （6）考查介词。句意：人体温度之所以会下降，部分原因在于，（这时）人的手部、脸部以及脚部的血管开始扩张，散发了热量。空前前后都是名词，所以空格处应填介词，the blood vessels与the hands之间属于所属关系，故填of。 （7）考查冠词。句意：温暖的床（温度大约在20到24摄氏度之间）有助于人们入睡而冰冷的床则会妨碍人们入睡。空格位于谓语动词后，空格后为一个可数单数名词短语，所以空格处应填不定冠词。“good”是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。
专升本英语语法重点汇总
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【英语】高二英语语法填空模拟试题含解析
【英语】高二英语语法填空模拟试题含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports. 【答案】the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；compared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中，研究人员估计，美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。（1）考查冠词。句意：自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。 （2）考查时态。句意：人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知，主语是humans，故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。 （3）考查代词。句意：它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词，此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。 （4）考查形容词。句意：在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology（科学与技术）。故填environmental。 （5）考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。（6）考查名词。句意：尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health 是主语的一部分，可知此处用名词作主语，且谓语动词是are，故用可数名词复数，填effects。 （7）考查副词。句意：但研究人员强调，人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。 （8）考查介词。句意：最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from，固定短语，“来自”。故填from。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行词为drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的宾语，故此处填which。故填which。
初中英语语法知识—名词的经典测试题附解析(5)
一、选择题 1．—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai? —It’s about ________ drive. A．How long; a two hours’B．How far; a two-hours C．How far; two hours’D．How long; a two-hour 2．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 3．— Do you know all the names in your class, Mr King? —No, only part of them. A．student B．students C．student’s D．students’4．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 5．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 6．—Let’s make a banana milk shake. —How many ________ do we need? A．bananas B．cup of milk C．honey 7．—Do _________ like going to ___________? —I don’t know. A．woman teachers, clothes shops B．women teachers, clothes shops C．woman teachers, sport shops D．women teachers, vegetables shops 8．—I hear your family have made up their ________ to India next month. Have a pleasant journey. —Thank you. A．mind travelling B．minds travelling C．mind to travel D．minds to travel 9．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 10．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．11．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 12．—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion.
英语语法填空题及标准答案
英语语法填空题及答案 【篇一：高中英语语法填空专题训练及解题技巧(含答 案）】 ass=tｘt>解“语法填空”题的一般步骤是: 一、浏览全文把握语篇 浏览全文的目的是把握其大意,为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备,因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么 意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意,很有必要弄清该文的体裁、 题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意,也有利于在 “填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。 二、边读边填先易后难 在通读全文,基本了解文章大意之后,就可以动手填空了。填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”（已 给出词语的除外)和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。遇到一时想不起来的空,先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付， 不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。 三、验证复查清除难点 有时间的话,进行复查是必要的。复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。 另外，一题多解也是此种题型常遇到的问题之一。
二、语法填空专练 (一) 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语,或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡上 标号的相应位置。(共10小题;每小题２分,满分20分) （1） uｓing gaｒｂａgeａｓ a fuｅlｇarbage cａｎｂeａ goo ｄfｕeｌｔo use.ｔhｅｔhings ｉn garbagｅｄo not ｌo ｏk ____１_＿_cｏａl，ｐetroｌeuｍ , ｏｒｎaｔurａｌ gaｓ，＿_２___＿＿they aｒe chｅmiｃallyｓｉmilａr ｔｏｔｈeｓeｆossiｌｆuels(料). as wｅ us ｅ uｐｏｕｒ fｏssil fｕｅl sｕpｐlｉes,ｗｅ migｈｔｂe ａbｌe to use garbaｇe as _＿___3_＿_ enerｇy sｏuｒce. bｕrniｎｇ garbａge ｉｓｎot a nｅｗ iｄea.some citｉeｓ ｉn euroｐe anｄｔhe uniteｄ sｔateｓ＿____4__( ｂurn) ｇarbａｇｅfor ｙears. ｔhe ｈ eａt ｔhat is ｐｒｏｄucedｂy bｕrniｎg garbａge is ｕsed to ｂoｉｌ wateｒ.tｈe sｔｅam ____＿5___ iｓ prｏduｃed is used ｔｏ maｋe elｅｃｔriciｔ y ｏｒto heat neaｒby ｂuilｄｉnｇs. in parｉs，ｆrance, sｏme ｐower plants buｒn alｍｏｓt 2 mｉllion ｍetric tｏns ｏfｔhe cｉｔｙ’s garbage eacｈ year.ｔhｅ ____6＿_＿＿oｆｅnergｙpｒoduｃed is aboｕt the saｍｅａs ｗｏｕldｂｅｐｒoducｅd ｂｙ ｂｕrnｉng ａlｍosｔａｈalfｍｉｌliｏｎｂ ａｒrels oｆoｉl！
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