朱明东《达子香》阅读练习及答案(2019年湖北省恩施州中考题)

（13分）阅读下面的散文，完成下列各题。

达子香

朱明东

①临近办公楼，一阵花香随风袭来，清新而亲切。我精神一振，下意识向楼前的花坛望去。

昨日下班时还没开的达子香，一夜之间已次第绽放。

②初见达子香是随父母到大兴安岭落户后的第二年。大兴安岭的春天比内地来得晚。家在县

城边。不远处的山坡上除了斑斑点点尚未消融的雪，就是灰秃秃的林木。见我在门前怅然，

母亲走过来说：“这里有山有水有树，还有花儿，咋还不高兴？”我说：“这里除了雪花，哪还有别的花儿呀？”母亲笑了：“会有的，这么多的山，哪能没有花儿？”没过几天，山坡上果真开起了大片大片粉红色的花儿。这些花儿就像大兴安岭新生的婴儿，努力睁开眼睛，新奇地

打量这个世界。

③达子香是大兴安岭普通却耐看的花儿。枝短叶小，花多为五瓣，粉红淡雅，花蕊细长。在

苍茫的群岭中，她就像位女神，静美端庄，朴素大方。那几年，全家七口人，仅靠父亲微薄

的工资度日，生活艰难可想而知。母亲向来勤俭，每花一分钱都要精打细算。我理解母亲，

她这不是小气，而是在帮家里减轻负担，哪怕这负担微乎其微。在对孩子们的学业上，她却

毫不吝惜花钱。我刚上初中时，心里老想买本《现代汉语大词典》，可因定价相当于父亲一

天的工资，就没敢说。细心的母亲得知我的想法后，二话不说，领我走五里多路赶到县城的

新华书店，硬是把词典买回来。母亲说，只要是学习用的，家里就是再吃紧也要供你。邻居

张老太太粮食不够吃，母亲狠狠心，硬是把家里节余的半袋白面送过去。母亲总是鼓励孩子

们一心向善一心向上，要像达子香般朴素而纯美。

④春末夏初，群岭依然萧瑟，达子香却率先绽放。遍及山岭盛开的达子香默默展现自己的美。她不畏寒冷，也不张扬芬芳。短暂的生命里她甘于寂寞，把生命全部献给山岭、树木。每当

达子香盛开时，母亲就经常向山岭眺望，视线里，一定有漫山遍野的达子香。达子香名不见

经传，她不似牡丹富贵，也不似玫瑰娇媚。开发建设以来，达子香把所有朴素的美都回馈给

大兴安岭和生活在这里的人们。这种回馈，无疑是一种恩泽，她让大兴安岭不再寂寞。

⑤越是艰苦，达子香就越美越香。开发建设者们正如达子香，甚至可以说他们就是达子香。

多少年来，万千英雄儿女投入到大兴安岭的开发建设中，战胜各种困难，不仅站稳了脚跟，

为共和国建设提供无数优质木材，还献青春、献终身、献子孙，为林区经济发展提供可靠的

人才储备。寒时，达子香不见美，一到春回大地，达子香就把美显现。美了山，美了岭，美

了所有人的心。莫道达子香只惜春，其实早在严寒时节，她就踏上奉献的征程。任风虐雪饕，她坚强地站立着，坚强地积蓄美的能量。哪怕风一阵强似一阵，雪一次比一次狂，也囚不住

她生命的灿烂。一绽放，她就全身心去把生命点燃。在点燃生命的过程中，她迎来无限的春色，还有群岭上丰沛的光。而这，不正是大兴安岭建设者们生命的写照吗？

⑥寂寞的不再寂寞，荒凉的不再荒凉。大兴安岭是宝地，过去是，现在是，将来还是。哪怕

风料峭了山岭，达子香依然闪动着明亮的眼，把大兴安岭扮靓。我热爱达子香，那大兴安岭

特有的芳香。这种热爱，是对大兴安岭精神最朴实的颂扬。

（选自中国作家网，有删改）

（1）想一想：文章以“达子香”为标题有哪些妙处？请阅读全文后作答。

（2）第③段画线句写了关于母亲的两件小事：给“我”买词典，给邻居送白面，体现了母亲关爱子女，乐于助人的形象特点。

（3）第⑤段画线的句子在结构上有什么作用？

（4）结合第⑤段段意，理解加点词“点燃”的含义。

（5）结合全文，说说文章结尾“大兴安岭精神”包含哪些方面。请简要概括。

【分析】本文是一篇散文。“我”随父母到大兴安岭落户，但是心里却不开心，后来因为一种

普通却耐看的花﹣﹣达子香而喜欢上这里，母亲像达子香一样朴素纯美，千千万万的建设者

也如同达子香一样无私向上。

【解答】（1）本题考查题目的作用。在结构方面，全文虽然介绍描写许多内容，但是全部

围绕达子香进行描写，所以，达子香在结构上作为线索，贯穿全文。在内容方面，达子香不

仅是一种花，还代指着和它具有一样精神的人，代表着无私善良、积极向上的大兴安岭精神。（2）本题考查人物形象分析及事件概括。第三段的划线部分讲述了母亲做的两件事情，一

件是“在对孩子们的学业上，她却毫不吝惜花钱。我刚上初中时，心里老想买本《现代汉语大词典》，可因定价相当于父亲一天的工资，就没敢说。细心的母亲得知我的想法后，二话不说，领我走五里多路赶到县城的新华书店，硬是把词典买回来。母亲说，只要是学习用的，

家里就是再吃紧也要供你”母亲毫不犹豫给“我”买词典。第二件事是“张老太太粮食不够吃，

母亲狠狠心，硬是把家里节余的半袋白面送过去”，母亲给邻居送白面。即使家里困难也要支持“我”读书的梦想，看出母亲对“我”的关爱。帮助邻居家没有粮食的老太太，说明母亲乐于

助人。

（3）本题考查句子的作用。第五段之前更多的描写是母亲与“我”，第五段之后重点描写开发建设者们的无私精神，所以第五段的划线句子在结构上起到承上启下的过渡作用。

（4）本题考查词语的含义理解。“点燃”一词的原意是“燃烧”这里用“点燃”代指达子香绽放时

候的绚烂美丽与壮烈，为了装点世界而点燃自己。同时在这片土地上点燃的还有建设开发者，他们用他们的生命与青春“装点”了贫瘠的大兴安岭。

（5）本题考查主旨梳理。从文中“像达子香般朴素而纯美”“短暂的生命里她甘于寂寞，把生

命全部献给山岭”“为共和国建设提供无数优质木材，还献青春、献终身、献子孙，为林区经

济发展提供可靠的人才储备”“春末夏初，群岭依然萧瑟，达子香却率先绽放”能够提取出“大

兴安岭精神”是指坚强、朴素善良、无私奉献、甘于寂寞的伟大精神。

答案：

（1）结构上：“达子香”是本文的线索；内容上：由物及人，写了达子香和达子香一样的人；主题上：“达子香”象征了大兴安岭精神。

（2）两件事：给“我”买词典，给邻居送白面。形象特点：关爱子女，乐于助人。

（3）过渡（承上启下）。

（4）指达子香一到春天就尽情绽放，用最美的姿态去装点春色和大兴安岭建设者们的无私奉献精神。

（5）不畏艰难/勇敢坚强、朴素善良、无私奉献、甘于寂寞。

【点评】标题的作用（妙处）：①概括文章所述的中心事件；②交代文章行文线索；③点明文章的中心思想；④吸引读者注意；⑤含蓄隽永，一语双关，具有象征意义。另外还可从修辞手法、表现手法等角度分析标题特点及其表达效果等。

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