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CCNP题库讲解

CCNP题库讲解
CCNP题库讲解

[题库讲解]CCNP 642-892 V3.95题库分析1 1.In the use of 802.1X access control, which three protocols are allowed through the switch port before authentication takes place? (Choose three.) A. STP B. CDP C. EAP MD5 D. TACACS+ E. EAP-over-LAN F. protocols not filtered by an ACL Answer: ABE 解释一下:IEEE 802.1X认证成功之前,客户连接的端口在LAN上只允许传递可扩展的认

证协议(EAPOL),CDP,和生成树的STP。只有认证成

功后才可以传递正常的流量。 2.Which protocol specified by RFC 2281 provides network redundancy for IP networks, ensuring that user traffic immediately and transparently recovers from first-hop failures in network edge devices or access circuits? A. STP B. IRDP C. ICMP D. HSRP Answer: D 解释一下:RFC 2281中定义的是HSRP。 3.What will be the effect of applying the VLAN access map configuration on a switch? Router(config)# vlan access-map thor 10 Router(config-access-map)# match ip address net_10 Router(config-access-

map)#action forward Router(config-access-map)#exit Router(config)# vlan filter thor vlan-list 12-16 A. All VLAN 12 through 16 IP traffic matching net_10 is forwarded and all other IP packets are dropped. B. IP traffic matching vlan-list 12-16 is forwarded and all other IP packets are dropped. C. IP traffic matching net_10 is dropped and all other IP packets are forwarded to VLANs 12 through 16.

D. All VLAN 12 through 16 IP traffic is forwarded, other VLAN IP traffic matching net_10 is dropped. Answer: A 解释一下:这是关于VLAN access map 的使用,这是针对vlan-list中的VLAN中的流量进行的过滤,只有在vlan access-map中定义的forward的流量才可以在vlan-list中规定的VLAN中通过。而vlan access-map中也有隐式deny any的语句。所以这个题中VLAN12到16中的IP流量只有匹配了net_10的流量才允许通过,其余的IP流量都被丢弃。

4.Refer to the exhibit. The web servers WS_1 and WS_2 need to be accessed by external and internal users. For security reasons, the servers should not communicate with each other, although they are located on the same subnet. The servers do need, however, to communicate with a database server located in the inside network. What configuration will isolate the servers from each other? 4.jpg (19.38 KB) 2007-12-23 15:59 A. The switch ports 3/1 and 3/2 will be defined as secondary VLAN isolated ports. The ports connecting to the two firewalls will be defined as primary VLAN promiscuous ports. B. The switch ports 3/1 and 3/2 will be defined as secondary VLAN community ports. The ports connecting to the two firewalls will be defined as primary VLAN promiscuous ports. C. The switch ports 3/1 and 3/2 and

the ports connecting to the two firewalls will be defined as primary VLAN promiscuous ports. D. The switch ports 3/1 and 3/2 and the ports connecting to the two firewalls will be defined as primary VLAN community ports. Answer: A 解释一下:想要WS-1和WS-2之间互不通讯,但是他们在相同的网段中。这样就可以把他们划分到不同的VLAN中了,但是他们都是需要能和database 和 Internet通讯的,因此 Fa3/34和Fa3/35是需要在做成混杂的端口的,至少是要能允许这两个VLAN中的数据通过的。 5.To enable BGP tunneling over an IPv4 backbone, the IPv4 address 192.168.30.1 is converted into a valid IPv6 address. Which three IPv6 addresses are acceptable formats for the IPv4 address? (Choose three.)

A. ::C0A8:1E01

B. C0A8:1E01::

C. ::192.168.30.1

D. 192.168.30.1::

E. 0:0:0:0:0:0:192.168.30.1

F. 192.168.30.1:0:0:0:0:0:0 Answer: ACE 解释一下:IPv4和IPv6地址的转换,要把192.168.30.1转换为有效的IPv6的地址。 192.168.30.1转换为十六进制的为

C0A8.1E01。(这个是怎么转换的就不用我多说了吧)),主机位还是在网络位后面的,所以应该写成::C0A8:1E01 。 IPv6地址是128位的,将一个IPv4地址转换为有效的主机地址时,我们可以将这个IPv4的地址直接插到主机位上,即:

0:0:0:0:0:0:192.168.30.1,简写成::192.168.30.1 [题库讲解]CCNP 642-892 V3.95题库分析2 1. Refer to the exhibit. What does the command channel-group 1 mode desirable do? 1.jpg (9.32 KB) 2007-12-25 13:56 A. enables LACP unconditionally B. enables PAgP only if a PAgP device is detected C. enables PAgP unconditionally D. enables Etherchannel only E. enables LACP only if a LACP device is detected Answer: C 解释一下:接口fastethernet 0/13加入到了组1,模式为desirable。从模式可以看出这里使用的协议为PAgP。而disirable是主动的模式,在这种模式下交换机会主动请求远端交换机协商以太信道。 2. Refer to the exhibit. Port security has been configured on the switch port Fa0/5. What would happen if another device is connected to the port after the maximum number of devices has been reached, even if one or more of the original MAC addresses are inactive?

2.jpg (27.35 KB) 2007-12-25 13:56 A. The port will permit the new MAC address because one or more of the original MAC addresses are inactive. B. The port will permit the new MAC address because one or more of the original MAC addresses will age out. C. Although one or more of the original MAC addresses are inactive, the port will not permit the new MAC address. D. Because the

new MAC address is not configured on the port, the port will not permit the new MAC address. Answer: C 解释一下:因为端口上的MAC地址已经达到了安全数量的限制,所以虽然最初允许的MAC中有一个到两个是无效的了,但是因为这些条目是不超时的,所以虽然无效了,但是还是会存放下去,这样端口还是不能允许新的MAC地址流量通过的。以下内容需要回复才能看到3. Refer to the exhibit. EIGRP is configured with the default configuration on all routers. Autosummarization is enabled on routers R2 and R3, but it is disabled on router R1. Which two EIGRP routes will be seen in the routing table of router R3? (Choose two.)

3.jpg (27.26 KB) 2007-12-25 13:56 A. 10.0.0.0/8 B.

10.10.0.0/16 C. 10.10.10.0/24 D. 172.16.0.0/16 E. 172.16.0.0/24 F. 172.16.10.0/24 Answer: CD 解释一下:EIGRP也是一个AD型的路由协议,他在边界路由器上也是会自动汇总的,因为他们发送的是路由的条目。在这儿,R2和R3上是没有关闭自动汇总的,而

R2也是一台边界路由器,所以R2向R3发送

172.16.10.0/24的路由时,会汇总为172.16.0.0/16 发送过去。但是R1上关闭了自动汇总了,所以R1发出去的时候是会发10.10.10.0/24的路由的,所以R3收到的路由信息就有:10.10.10.0/24和172.16.0.0/16。

4.Refer to the exhibit. OSPF has been configured on all routers in the network. However, router R1 does not receive a default route to router R2 as intended. Which configuration change would ensure that R1 would receive a default route from R2?

4.jpg (38.13 KB) 2007-12-25 13:56 A. Add the area 1 stub command on routers R1. B. Add the always keyword to the default-information originate configuration command on router R2. C. Remove the default information originate configuration command from router R2 and place it on router R1. D. Add the ip route

5.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 command to router R2. Answer: B 解释一下:default-information originate是产生OSPF的缺省路由的命令,但是要这个命令生效的前提是R2上有一条缺省路由。所以我们可以在R2上加配置一个缺省路由 Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/1,这样的话R1就可

以收到一个出接口为R2的OSPF的缺省路由了。在default-information origitnate命令后,我们可以加一个always的参数,这个参数表示不管你的路由器上是不

是有缺省路由,我都产生一条OSPF的缺省路由。所以加上这个参数后就确保了R1肯定能收到一条R2产生

的OSPF的缺省路由了。 5.What is the IPv6 address FF02::2 used for? A. all hosts in a local segment B. all

routers in a local segment C. all hosts in a particular multicast group D. all routers in an autonomous system

Answer: B 解释一下:FF02::2是一个IPv6的多播地址,表示的是所有路由器。 [题库讲解]CCNP 642-892 V3.95题库分析3 1.What two pieces of information will the show vlan id 5 command display? (Choose two.)

A. VLAN information on port 0/5

B. ports in VLAN 5

C. MTU and type

D. utilization

E. filters Answer: BC 解释一下: 1.jpg (9.93 KB) 2007-12-26 14:15 很清楚了吧,通过这个命令可以看到哪些信息。 2.Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is true about the display of the command show pagp 1 neighbor command?

2.jpg (17.63 KB) 2007-12-26 14:15 A. STP packets are sent out the Gi0/1 interface only.

B. STP packets are sent out both the Gi0/1 and Gi0/2 interfaces.

C. CDP packets are sent out the Gi0/1 interface only.

D. CDP packets are sent out the Gi0/2 interface only. Answer: B 解释一下:等绑定链路到一个以太信道后,PAgP把这个组当作一个接口加入到生成树中。因此这两个接口都发送STP packets.。以下内容需要回复才能看到 3.Refer to the exhibit. On the basis of the partial configuration provided in the exhibit, what additional configuration is required to allow the

router to properly participate in a PIM sparse-dense mode scenario? 3.jpg (9.97 KB) 2007-12-26 14:15 A. The RP configuration needs to be added for the router to participate in dense mode network areas. B. The RP configuration needs to be added for the router to participate in sparse mode network areas. C. The PIM dense-mode state, refresh interval needs to be configured.

D. IGMP needs to be enabled on the router. Answer: B 解释一下:sparse-dense是密集稀疏模式,在这种模式

下,先运行sparse模式,如果sparse模式运行失败,

再来运行dense模式。Dense模式下组播的流量是以泛

洪的形式传递开的的,而sparse模式下组播的流量是

需要RP来转发的。在这没有RP的指定或选举的过

程,所以为了让sparse模式能正常工作,需要再配置

一个RP。 4.Refer to the exhibit. What is the effect of the distribute-list command in the R1 configuration?

4.jpg (24.06 KB) 2007-12-26 14:15 A. R1 will filter only the 172.24.1.0/24 route from the R2 RIP updates. B.

R1 will permit only the 10.0.0.0/24 route in the R2 RIP updates. C. R1 will filter the 10.1.0.0/24 and the

172.24.1.0/24 routes from the R2 RIP updates. D. R1 will not filter any routes because there is no exact prefix match. Answer: C 解释一下:在R1上配置了一个分发列表:distribute-list 10 in serial0 这句命令的意思是:从serial0

进来的路由,我只允许由访问控制列表10匹配的条目进来。在这,访问列表10定义的是permit 10.0.0.0

0.0.255.255 ,所以R2发过来的更新中有两个条目

10.1.0.0/24和172.24.1.0/24是不被访问列表匹配的,因此这两个条目是在R1上是被过滤掉的。 [题库讲解]CCNP 642-892 V3.95题库分析4 1. Examine the router output above. Which two items are correct? (Choose two.)

1.jpg (34.45 KB) 2007-12-27 13:57 A. Router A will assume the active state if its priority is the highest. B. If Ethernet 0/2 goes down, the standby router will take over.

C. When Ethernet 0/3 of RouterA comes back up, the priority will become 105.

D. The local IP address of Router

A is 10.1.0.6. E. The local IP address of Router A is

10.1.0.20. Answer: AC 解释一下:RouterA上的preemption enabled,表示他的强制抢夺被开启了,如果RouterA拥有了最高的优先级,那么他就会成为Goup 1中的active router。在下面的显示我们可以看到这台路由器的优先级初始配置是120的,但是现在有

两个接口down了,很显然他开启了接口跟踪,所以接口Ethernet0/2的down使优先级减少了15,而接口Ethernet0/3的down又使优先级减少了10,所以现在他的优先级显示的为95。如果接口up了,那么优先

级也会做相应的增加,所以如果Ethernet0/3 up 了,那么RouterA的优先级将增加10而变成105。2.Refer to the exhibit. What will RTB do with a packet sourced from within AS 64200 with a destination address of 192.168.25.1?

2.jpg (34.55 KB) 2007-12-27 13:57 A. It will be dropped because network 192.168.25.0 is not in the RTA routing table. B. It will be dropped because network 192.168.25.0 is not in the RTB routing table. C. It will be forwarded to the null 0 interface of RTB and dropped. D. It will be forwarded to the RTB 192.168.25.0 network. Answer: D 解释一下: RTB上有192.168.25.0/24的路由,也有 192.168.24.0/22的路由,根据最长掩码匹配的原则,RTB会将收到的从64200发过来的目的地为192.168.25.1的数据包发往192.168.25.0/24的网络中去。以下内容需要回复才能看到 3. Refer to the exhibit. What statement is true based upon the configuration of router R1 and router R2?

31.jpg (23.61 KB) 2007-12-27 13:57 32.jpg (20.2 KB) 2007-12-27 13:57 A. Router R1 will become the active virtual gateway. B. Router R2 will become the active virtual gateway. C. The hello and hold timers are incompatible with multi-homed BGP. D. The hello and hold timers are incompatible with OSPF type 5 LSAs. E.

Router R1 will become the master for Virtual Router 1, and router R2 will become the backup for Virtual Router 2. F. Router R2 will become the master for Virtual Router 1, and router R1 will become the backup for Virtual Router 2. Answer: A 解释一下:GLBP中活动虚拟网关的选举也是通过比较优先级和IP地址的,越高

越优先,因此R1将成为AVG。 4.Which router redundancy protocol cannot be configured for interface tracking? A. HSRP B. GLBP C. VRRP D. SLB E. RPR F. RPR+ Answer: C 解释一下:路由器的负载协议有HSRP,GLBP,VRRP。而前两种都是可以trace接口的,所以不能trace接口的只有VRRP。 SLB是服务器的负载均衡。RPR是弹性分组环。 5.Which three statements are true about IP multicast configuration? (Choose three.) A. PIM sparse mode interfaces are always added to the multicast routing table in a router. B. PIM dense mode interfaces are always added to the multicast routing table in a router. C. PIM sparse-dense mode acts as PIM dense mode if an RP is not known. D. PIM sparse-dense mode and PIM dense mode require an RP on the network. E. PIM sparse mode and PIM sparse-dense mode require an RP on the network. F. PIM sparse mode and PIM dense mode require an RP on the network. Answer: BCE 解释一下:Dense mode 是一泛洪的形式发

送来发送组播信息的,因此配置了dense模式的接口都添加到了路由器的多播路由表中了。 Sparse mode是依靠RP来转发多播信息的,因此,在sparse模式中RP 是必需的。 Sparse-dense mode是稀疏密集模式,在这种模式下,默认是以稀疏模式工作的,但是如果稀疏模式的RP出现问题了,表示稀疏模式不能正常工作了,这时才启用密集模式。 [题库讲解]CCNP 642-892

V3.95分析5 1. Refer to the exhibit. EIGRP is enabled on all routers on the network. What additional configuration is required for the routers connected over the Frame Relay multipoint interfaces to compensate for a low-speed NBMA connection?

1.jpg (16.93 KB) 2007-12-30 10:13 A. Configure the EIGRP hello interval on all Frame Relay interfaces to 5 seconds. B. Configure the EIGRP hello interval on all Frame Relay interfaces to 60 seconds. C. Configure the EIGRP hold time on all Frame Relay interfaces to 15 seconds. D. Configure the EIGRP hold time on all Frame Relay interfaces to 180 seconds. E. Configure the bandwidth on all EIGRP Frame Relay interfaces to the committed information rate (CIR). F. Configure the bandwidth on all EIGRP Frame Relay interfaces to the lowest CIR multiplied by the number of PVCs for the multipoint connection. Answer: F 解释一下:在NBMA

网络上,如何配置命令bandwidth取决于VC的设计,如果串行线采用多点的模式,有很多VC,EIGRP将在这些VC之间平均分配开销,而无需使用子接口。命令bandwidth应反映连接到帧中继网络云的接入链路的速度。如果串行接口连接的诸如帧中继等NBMA环境,情况很简单。路由器的串行接口上可能有5条VC,每条VC的速度为56kbit/s。因此接入链路的速度至少为280(5*56)kbit/s。配置的带宽的总和不能超过接口的接入速度。以下内容需要回复才能看到 2.Which command enables OSPF for IPv6? A. router ospf process-id B. ipv6 ospf process-id C. ipv6 router ospf process-id D. router ospf ipv6 process-id Answer: B 解释一下:ipv6 ospf process-id是激活一个OSPFv3的进程。 3.Refer to the exhibit. All routers have Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) enabled interfaces. On the basis of the configuration provided on routers R1 and R2, which router will take on the function of rendezvous point (RP) for the multicast

network? 3.jpg (37.99 KB) 2007-12-30 10:13 A. router R1 B. router R2 C. both routers R1 and R2 D. none of the routers since they are not configured with static RP Answer: B 解释一下:R1和R2都通告自己的loopback0为RP,所以还需要有一个RP的选举,因为

优先级都没有改变,都是默认值,所以IP地址大的就为RP了。所以R2将成为RP。 4.Which two statements are true about external BGP neighbor relationships? (Choose two.) A. Static routes or an interior gateway protocol is required between EBGP neighbors. B. EBGP neighbors must be in different autonomous systems. C. EBGP neighbors use TCP port 179 to exchange BGP routing tables. D. Loopback addresses should be used between EBGP neighbors. E. The BGP split-horizon rule specifies that routes learned via IBGP are never propagated to other EBGP peers. F. When an EBGP neighbor receives an update from another EBGP neighbor, it should not forward the update to other EBGP neighbors. Answer: BC 解释一下:EBGP是表示BGP的外部邻居关系,是不同自治系统之间建立的邻居

关系。BGP使用的是TCP 179号端口的。 [题库讲解]CCNP 642-892 V3.95分析6 1.Which two statements are true about HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP? (Choose two.) A. GLBP allows for router load balancing of traffic from a network segment without the different host IP configurations required to achieve the same results with HSRP. B. GLBP allows for router load balancing of traffic from a network segment by utilizing the creation of multiple standby groups. C. GLBP and VRRP allow for

MD5 authentication, whereas HSRP does not. D. Unlike HSRP and VRRP, GLBP allows automatic selection and simultaneous use of multiple available gateways. E. HSRP allows for multiple upstream active links being simultaneously used, whereas GLBP does not. Answer:

AD 解释一下:HSRP是热备用路由协议,VRRP是虚拟

路由器冗余协议,而GLBP是网关负载均衡协议。其中HSRP和GLBP都是Cisco私有的协议。而HSRP和VRRP

类似,让一组路由器能够提够冗余网关地址。组中的优先级最高的为活动的网关,提供网关的虚拟地址,而组中的其他路由器都处于备用状态。但GLBP为了提供虚

拟路由器,也将多台交换机(路由器)分配到一个GLBP中,组中的所有路由器都能够参与负载均衡,转

发部分数据流,而不是只让活动路由器代表虚拟路由器地址转发数据流。以下内容需要回复才能看到2.Which three IP multicast related statements are true? (Choose three.) A. Multicast addresses 224.0.1.0 through 238.255.255.255 are called globally scoped addresses. They are used to multicast data between organizations

and across the Internet. B. The multicast address

224.0.0.1 is a globally scoped address that has been reserved for the Network Time Protocol (NTP) by the IANA.

C. Multicast addresses 239.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255 are called limited scope addresses. They are constrained

to a local group or organization. D. Multicast addresses 224.0.0.5 and 224.0.0.6 are limited scoped addresses that have been reserved for OSPF. E. Multicast addresses 224.0.0.0 through 224.0.0.255 are used for network protocols on local LAN segments. Because they are always transmitted with a Time to Live (TTL) of 1, they are never forwarded by a router. Answer: ACE

解释一下:关于组播地址空间的用途划分: l 完整的组播地址空间(224.0.0.0-239.255.255.255): 该IP地址范围都可用于组播。 l 链路本地地址(224.0.0.0-

224.0.0.255):只能提供本地网段中的网络协议使用,

路由器不转发这些分组。 l 管理范围地址(239.0.0.0-239.255.255.255):用于私有组播域,类似于RFC 1918

规定的私有IP地址范围。这些地址不能在域之间路由,所以可以重用。 l 全局范围地址(224.0.1.0-

238.255.255.255):可供任何实体使用;这些地址可在

组织间或Internet上路由,因此它们必须是唯一的且全局有效(这个范围既不是本地的也不是私有的;它是组播范围的剩余部分) 3.Which three route filtering statements are true? (Choose three.) A. After the router rip and passive-interface s0/0 commands have been issued, the s0/0 interface will not send any RIP updates, but will receive routing updates on that interface. B. After the router eigrp 10 and passive-interface s0/0 commands have

been issued, the s0/0 interface will not send any EIGRP updates, but will receive routing updates on that interface.

C. After the router ospf 10 and passive-interface s0/0 commands have been issued , the s0/0 interface will not send any OSPF updates, but will receive routing updates

on that interface. D. When you use the passive-interface command with RIPv2, multicasts are sent out the specified interface. E. When you use the passive-interface command with EIGRP, hello messages are not sent out the specified interface. F. When you use the passive-interface command with OSPF, hello messages are not sent out the specified interface. Answer: AEF 解释一下:passive-interface表示在路由进程下,该接口只接受数据,但是不发送任何关于路由协议的报文。而EIGRP和OSPF是需要依靠Hello报文来维持他们的邻居关系的,所以如果passive了一个接口,那么这个接口就连Hello消息

都不发了,那么与该接口相连的邻居关系就down了,所以也不能从该接口收到报文了。但是RIP是不需要建立邻居关系的,因此passive了一个接口,表示这个接

口只收不发了。 4.Refer to the exhibit. Network administrators have set up a hub and spoke topology with redundant connections using EIGRP. However, they are concerned that a

network outage between Router R1 and Router R2 will cause traffic from the 10.1.1.x network to the 10.1.2.x network to traverse the remote office links and overwhelm them. What command should be used to configure the spoke routers as EIGRP stub routers that will not advertise connected networks, static routes, or summary addresses? 4.jpg (29.93 KB) 2007-12-30 10:18 A. eigrp stub B. eigrp stub receive-only C. eigrp stub connected static D. no eigrp stub connected static E. No additional command is needed beyond a default EIGRP configuration. Answer: B 解释一下:eigrp stub receive-only 将路由器设置为一个只接收更新的邻居 5.Refer to the exhibit. On the basis of the information presented, which statement is true? 5.jpg (11.15 KB) 2007-12-30 10:18

A. A default route is configured on the local router.

B. Network 6.0.0.0/8 was learned from an OSPF neighbor within the area.

C. OSPF router 5.0.0.2 is an ABR.

D. The default route is learned from an OSPF neighbor. Answer: B 解释一下:OSPF的不同的LSA学到的路由有不同的

标识符。域内路由用O表示,域间路由用O IA表示,普通区域传来的外部路由用E1/E2表示,NSSA区域传来的外部路由用N1/N2表示,而O* 表示的OSPF的缺省路由。所以上图显示的6.0.0.0/8的路由是从OSPF

的其他区域学来的路由。 [题库讲解]CCNP 642-892 V3.95题库分析7 1.The command bgp always-compare-med is added to a router configuration. What will this command accomplish? A. forces the router to compare metrics of routes from different autonomous systems B. forces the router to compare the local preference of routes from different autonomous systems C. forces the router to compare the weight of routes from different autonomous systems D. forces the router to compare the communities of routes from different autonomous systems Answer: A 解释一下:bgp always-compare-med,这个命令是强制路由器从不同AS学到路由时,通过比较MED来挑选最优路由。以下内容需要回复才能看到 2.Observe the diagram. RTC is the hub router and RTA and RTB are the spokes. There are no virtual circuits between the spoke locations. What is needed to successfully route traffic to the 11.11.11.0/24 network from RTA?

2.jpg (22.78 KB) 2008-1-2 14:43 A. The neighbor 10.10.10.1 next-hop-self command on RTA. B. The neighbor 10.10.10.1 next-hop-self command on RTB. C. The neighbor 10.10.10.1 next-hop-self command on RTC.

D. Nothing is required. This is the default behavior on this topology. Answer: C 解释一下:默认情况下IBGP邻居

间传递路由是不修改下一跳属性的值的。因此如果不做任何修改的情况下,RTB公告的路由当RTA收到时下一跳仍为RTB。但是RTA和RTB是没有链路的,因此对

于RTA来说RTB的接口地址是不可达的。但是RTA是可以到达RTC的,而RTC也是可以到达RTB的。因此我们需要在RTC上neighbor RTA时,做下一跳自我。这样RTC转发11.11.11.0/24给RTA时,下一跳就为RTC了。 3.Which Cisco IOS command assigns a Catalyst switch port to VLAN 10? A. switchport mode vlan 10 B. switchport trunk native 10 C. switchport access vlan 10 D. switchport mode access vlan 10 Answer: C 解释一下:switchport access vlan 10是用于接口配置模式下的,他表示将这个接口放入到VLAN 10中。

4.What are two possible causes for EIGRP Stuck-In-Active routes? (Choose two.) A. Some query or reply packets are lost between the routers. B. The neighboring router stops receiving ACK packets from this router. C. The neighboring router starts receiving route updates from this router. D. A failure causes traffic on a link between two neighboring routers to flow in only one direction (unidirectional link). Answer: AD 解释一下:EIGRP 的SIA 是表示卡在active状态了。当EIGRP的一个success路径失效,而且没有feasible success,EIGRP路由器就会向

ccnp的试题全中文

CCNP级别网络工程师面试题 1、解决路由环问题的方法有(ABD) A. 水平分割 B. 路由保持法 C. 路由器重启 D. 定义路由权的最大值 2、下面哪一项正确描述了路由协议(C) A. 允许数据包在主机间传送的一种协议 B. 定义数据包中域的格式和用法的一种方式 C. 通过执行一个算法来完成路由选择的一种协议 D. 指定MAC地址和IP地址捆绑的方式和时间的一种协议 3、以下哪些内容是路由信息中所不包含的(A) A. 源地址 B. 下一跳 C. 目标网络 D. 路由权值 4、以下说法那些是正确的(BD) A. 路由优先级与路由权值的计算是一致的 B. 路由权的计算可能基于路径某单一特性计算,也可能基于路径多种属性 C. 如果几个动态路由协议都找到了到达同一目标网络的最佳路由,这几条路由都会被加入路由表中 D. 动态路由协议是按照路由的路由权值来判断路由的好坏,并且每一种路由协议的判断方法都是不一样的 5、IGP的作用范围是(C) A. 区域内 B. 局域网内 C. 自治系统内 D. 自然子网范围内 6、距离矢量协议包括(AB) A. RIP B. BGP C. IS-IS D. OSPF 7、关于矢量距离算法以下那些说法是错误的(A) A. 矢量距离算法不会产生路由环路问题 B. 矢量距离算法是靠传递路由信息来实现的 C. 路由信息的矢量表示法是(目标网络,metric) D. 使用矢量距离算法的协议只从自己的邻居获得信息 求职胜经/简历亮出你的精彩简历写作技巧,...面试前准备才是... 8、如果一个内部网络对外的出口只有一个,那么最好配置(A) A. 缺省路由 B. 主机路由 C. 动态路由 9、BGP是在(D)之间传播路由的协议 A. 主机 B. 子网 C. 区域(area) D. 自治系统(AS) 10、在路由器中,如果去往同一目的地有多条路由,则决定最佳路由的因素有(AC) A. 路由的优先级 B. 路由的发布者 C. 路由的metirc值 D. 路由的生存时间 11、在RIP协议中,计算metric值的参数是(D) A. MTU B. 时延 C. 带宽 D. 路由跳数 12、路由协议存在路由自环问题(A) A. RIP B. BGP C. OSPF D. IS-IS 13、下列关于链路状态算法的说法正确的是:(bc ) A. 链路状态是对路由的描述 B. 链路状态是对网络拓扑结构的描述 C. 链路状态算法本身不会产生自环路由 D. OSPF 和RIP都使用链路状态算法 14、在OSPF同一区域(区域A)内,下列说法正确的是(d ) A. 每台路由器生成的LSA都是相同的 B. 每台路由器根据该最短路径树计算出的路由都是相同的 C. 每台路由器根据该LSDB

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第一部分填空题 1、在Cisco体系的IGP协议中,RIP的A-D管理距离是,EIGRP的域内A-D管理距离是,EIGRP的域外A-D管理距离是OSPF的A-D管理距离是。BGP 从EBGP学习到的路由学到路由的A-D管理距离是; BGP从IBGP学习到的路由学到路由的A-D管理距离是。 2、BGP的默认MED值为;其中MED越越优选被用于选路;BGP从邻居哪里学到的权重为;BGP自己本路由产生的路由(始发路由)产生权重是;BGP 的默认本地优先级为:。 3、BGP的邻居分为和。 4、OSPF在那个区域(有区域0,区域1,区域2)广播多路访问(比如以太网,没有出现外部网络),在区域0可以看到类LSA。如果想看到2类LSA,必须在网络类型;在NSSA区域可以看到类LSA,在纯粹的NASS区域内是否有5类LSA?(回答是或者否)。 5、HSRP包括哪六种状态? 6、OSPF在MA网络链路类型的HELLO报文作用?(3种) 7、IPV6的本地链路地址是;本地站点地址是。(没有/10的写法) 8、在选择STP的角色(身份)有哪些?,默认STP的收敛时间为。配置了portfast后,收敛时间会小于。 9、OSPF发送hello包的组播地址是,EIGRP组播地址是;HSRP发送hello包组播地址是;VRRP发送hello 包的组播地址是。 10、目前以太通道最多可以使用条物理线缆逻辑捆绑成一个以太通道接口?形成以太通道方式有。 11、BGP在EBGP中使用属性避免AS间的环路(确保无环),该属性属于BGP的必遵属性,其中还有哪两个是BGP公认必遵属性为和。 第二部分选择 1、在对基于CEF的多层交换(MLS)进行排错的时候,例如解决无法到达特定的IP目标 等问题,首先需要先查看哪两张表去验证错误?() A、IP路由表和路由表 B、IP路由和CEF邻接关系表 C、TCAM中的IP CEF FIB和邻接关系表 D、IP路由表和ARP表 2、EIGRP位一个混合距离矢量协议,在METRIC值中使用K1-K5五个K值,默认情况下,使用K值分别是() A、K1,K2 B K3,K4 C、K1,K5 D、K1,K3 3、OSPF中router-id能标识一台设备的身份,下面说法正确的是() A、先选举手工配置,然后选择设备loopback地址大的,在选运行了宣告进OSPF最大的物理接口最大的地址。 B、先选择设备loopback地址大的,然后选举手工配置,在选运行了宣告进OSPF最大的物理接口最大的地址。 C、先选举手工配置,然后选择设备loopback地址大的,在选设备的物理接口UP最大的地址。 D、在ipv6中router-id选择跟ipv4一样,当router-ID必须是ipv6地址。 4、在下列哪些情况下,管理员在多层交换机配置命令IP routing?() A、当Svi正在为某个给定的VLAN提供交换机IP连接时。

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网络工程师岗位基础面试题【适用于CCNA/CCNP基础】 1:交换机是如何转发数据包的? 答:交换机通过学习数据帧中的源MAC地址生成交换机的MAC 地址表,交换机查看数据帧的目标MAC地址,根据MAC 地址表转发数据,如果交换机在表中没有找到匹配项, 则向除接受到这个数据帧的端口以外的所有端口广播这个数据帧。 2简述STP的作用及工作原理. 答:(1)能够在逻辑上阻断环路,生成树形结构的拓扑;(2)能够不断的检测网络的变化, 当主要的线路出现故障断开的时候,STP 还能通过计算激活阻起到断的端口,起到链路的 备份作用。工作原理:STP将一个环形网络生成无环拓朴的步骤:1选择根网桥(Root Bridge ) ,2选择根端口( Root Ports ) ,3选择指定端口( Designated Ports )生成树机理: 每个STP实例中有一个根网桥,每个非根网桥上都有一个根端口,每个网段有一个指定端口非指定端口被阻塞STP是交换网络的重点,考察是否理解. 3:简述传统的多层交换与基于CEF的多层交换的区别 答:传统的多层交换:一次路由,多次交换基于CEF的多层交换:无须路由,一直交换? 4、DHCP的作用是什么,如何让一个vlan中的DHCP服务器为整个企业网络分配IP地址? 答: 作用:动态主机配置协议,为客户端动态分配IP地址?配置DHCP中继,也就是帮助地址?(因为DHCP 是基于:广播的,vlan或路由器隔离了广播) 5:有一台交换机上的所有用户都获取不了IP地址,但手工配置后这台交换机上的同一vlan 间的用户之间能够相互ping通,但ping不通外网谓说出排障思路?

Cisco高级路由综合练习题(ccnp)参考答案

(1)按照要求配置路由器各个端口的IP地址,保证直连链路通。 (2)配置OSPF路由协议,保证OSPF各区域路由正常; ①将区域2配置成nssa区域; R2:area 2 nssa no-sunmmary R4:area 2 nssa ②区域0需要MD5认证,密码为cisco;区域2需要简单口令认证,密码ccna R1: router ospf 1 area 0 authentication message-digest int s0/0 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco int e1/0 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco R2: router ospf 1 area 0 authentication message-digest int s0/0 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco int e1/0 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco exit int s0/2 ip ospf authentication

ip ospf authentication-key ccna R4: int s0/2 ip ospf authentication ip ospf authentication-key ccna ③R1的s0/0的hello interval 设置为5秒,dead-interval设置为20秒 int s0/0 ip ospf hell-interval 5 ip ospf dead-interval 20 ④控制DR选举,使得R2没有机会成为DR. R2: int e1/0 ip ospf priority 0 (3)配置RIP V2路由协议,KEYCHAIN名字为CCIE,路由器R1和R5采用MD5验证,key的ID为1,密码为cisco,路由器R4和R6采用明文验证,密码是cisco。 R1: router rip version 2 network 192.15.1.0 network 1.1.1.0 no auto-summary key chain CCIE key 1 key-string cisco exit int e1/1 ip rip authentication key-chain CCIE R5: router rip version 2 network 5.0.0.0 network 192.15.1.0 no auto-summary key chain CCIE key 1 key-string cisco exit int e1/0 ip rip authentication key-chain CCIE R4: router rip version 2

思科基础实验(中英文对照)CCNA-CCNP实验

目录 实验一路由器基本配置............................................ 错误!未指定书签。实验二静态路由......................................................... 错误!未指定书签。实验三缺省路由......................................................... 错误!未指定书签。实验四静态路由&缺省路由&CDP协议............... 错误!未指定书签。实验五三层交换机实现VLAN间通信................. 错误!未指定书签。实验六Vtp ................................................................... 错误!未指定书签。实验七生成树STP ..................................................... 错误!未指定书签。实验八RIP路由协议1 ............................................. 错误!未指定书签。实验九RIP路由协议2 ............................................. 错误!未指定书签。实验十OSPF单区域1 .............................................. 错误!未指定书签。实验十一OSPF单区域2 ......................................... 错误!未指定书签。实验十二OSPF单区域3 ......................................... 错误!未指定书签。实验十三EIGRP ........................................................ 错误!未指定书签。实验十四ACL标准访问控制列表......................... 错误!未指定书签。

最新-ccnp的试题全中文

CCNP级别网络工程师知识点汇总 ------------------------------面试题 1、解决路由环问题的方法有(ABD) A. 水平分割 B. 路由保持法 C. 路由器重启 D. 定义路由权的最大值 2、下面哪一项正确描述了路由协议(C) A. 允许数据包在主机间传送的一种协议 B. 定义数据包中域的格式和用法的一种方式 C. 通过执行一个算法来完成路由选择的一种协议 D. 指定MAC地址和IP地址捆绑的方式和时间的一种协议 3、以下哪些内容是路由信息中所不包含的(A) A. 源地址 B. 下一跳 C. 目标网络 D. 路由权值 4、以下说法那些是正确的(BD) A. 路由优先级与路由权值的计算是一致的 B. 路由权的计算可能基于路径某单一特性计算,也可能基于路径多种属性 C. 如果几个动态路由协议都找到了到达同一目标网络的最佳路由,这几条路由都会被加入路由表中 D. 动态路由协议是按照路由的路由权值来判断路由的好坏,并且每一种路由协议的判断方法都是不一样的 5、IGP的作用范围是(C) A. 区域内 B. 局域网内 C. 自治系统内 D. 自然子网范围内 6、距离矢量协议包括(AB) A. RIP B. BGP C. IS-IS D. OSPF 7、关于矢量距离算法以下那些说法是错误的(A) A. 矢量距离算法不会产生路由环路问题 B. 矢量距离算法是靠传递路由信息来实现的 C. 路由信息的矢量表示法是(目标网络,metric) D. 使用矢量距离算法的协议只从自己的邻居获得信息 求职胜经/简历亮出你的精彩简历写作技巧,...面试前准备才是... 8、如果一个内部网络对外的出口只有一个,那么最好配置(A) A. 缺省路由 B. 主机路由 C. 动态路由 9、BGP是在(D)之间传播路由的协议 A. 主机 B. 子网 C. 区域(area) D. 自治系统(AS) 10、在路由器中,如果去往同一目的地有多条路由,则决定最佳路由的因素有(AC) A. 路由的优先级 B. 路由的发布者 C. 路由的metirc值 D. 路由的生存时间 11、在RIP协议中,计算metric值的参数是(D) A. MTU B. 时延 C. 带宽 D. 路由跳数 12、路由协议存在路由自环问题(A) A. RIP B. BGP C. OSPF D. IS-IS 13、下列关于链路状态算法的说法正确的是:(bc ) A. 链路状态是对路由的描述 B. 链路状态是对网络拓扑结构的描述 C. 链路状态算法本身不会产生自环路由 D. OSPF 和RIP都使用链路状态算法 14、在OSPF同一区域(区域A)内,下列说法正确的是(d ) A. 每台路由器生成的LSA都是相同的

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唐钢集团CCNP课程培训测试题姓名:成绩: 一、选择题:(单选,共20题,每题4分) 1.如下图所示,拓扑表中,数字3011840 和3128695 代表什么?-------------------------() A.应用于该路由器EIGRP 路由的路由度量 B.路由信息来源的可信度 C.到目的网络的跳数和带宽的复合度量 D.由EIGRP 邻居通告的网络总度量 2.请参见图示。该公司在编号为10 的自治系统中使用EIGRP。路由器A 和路由器B 所连接网络上的主机能够相互ping 通。但是,192.168.3.0 网络上的用户无法访问 192.168.1.32 网络上的用户。此问题最可能的原因是什么? ---------------------------------------------------() A启用了无类IP,从而导致数据包被丢弃。 B路由器C 上未使用network 192.168.1.32 命令。 C没有将路由器配置在相同的EIGRP 路由域中。

D网络自动总结导致各子网的路由被丢弃。 3.请参见图示。网络192.168.0.0/28 断开。Router2 会立即向Router1 和Router3 发送什么类型的数据包? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------() A查询网络192.168.0.0/28 的查询数据包 B到224.0.0.9 的确认数据包 C发送到255.255.255.255 的更新数据包 D包含R2 新路由表的数据包 发送到192.168.1.1 和192.168.2.1 的单播更新数据包 4.请参见图示。所有接口都已配置为如图所示的带宽。假设所有路由器都是使用默认的EIGRP 配置作为路由协议,那么从172.16.1.0/16 网络发往192.168.200.0/24 网络的数据包会采用哪一条路径? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------() A. A-B-E B. A-C-E C. A-D-E D.数据包会在A、B、E 和A、C、E 路径之间实施负载均衡。 E.数据包会在A、B、E 和A、D、E 路径之间施负载均衡。 F.数据包会在A、C、E 和A、D、E 路径之间实施负载均衡 5.请参见图示。拓扑条目开头处的P表示什么含义? ------------------------------( )

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CCNA、CCNP、CCIE模拟试题topology change occurs? A.flooding B.broadcasting C.convergence D.summarizati on 8.Which of the following must be determined first b y the router in order to route the data? A.the distance metric of the data B.the source address of the data C.which routing protocol is used by the data D.whether the protocol suite of the data is active 9.You are a technician at ABC.ABC has the subnet/ mask of172.29.100.0/26set aside for small remote locations.Each location will have5I P devices connected to the network.Which VLSM mask will provide the minimu m number of hosts you require? A./27 B./28 C./29 D./30 E./31 10.You are a trainee technician at ABC.Your instructo r shows you the following route summarization entry: 192.168.134.0/22Your instructor wants to know how many clas

CCNACCNP网络工程师面试题

C C N A C C N P网络工程师 面试题 The document was prepared on January 2, 2021

网络工程师岗位基础面试题【适用于CCNA/CCNP基础】 1: 交换机是如何转发数据包的?交换机通过学习数据帧中的源MAC地址生成交换机的MAC 地址表,交换机查看数据帧的目标MAC地址,根据MAC地址表转发数据,如果交换机在表中没有找到匹配项,则向除接受到这个数据帧的端口以外的所有端口广播这个数据帧。 2 简述STP的作用及工作原理. 作用(1) 能够在逻辑上阻断环路,生成树形结构的拓扑; (2) 能够不断的检测网络的变化,当主要的线路出现故障断开的时候,STP还能通过计算激活阻起到断的端口,起到链路的备份作用。 工作原理: STP将一个环形网络生成无环拓朴的步骤:选择根网桥(Root Bridge)选择根端口(Root Ports) 选择指定端口(Designated Ports) 生成树机理 每个STP实例中有一个根网桥每个非根网桥上都有一个根端口每个网段有一个指定端口非指定端口被阻塞 STP是交换网络的重点,考察是否理解. 3:简述传统的多层交换与基于CEF的多层交换的区别简单的说:传统的多层交换:一次路由,多次交换基于CEF的多层交换:无须路由,一直交换. 4、DHCP的作用是什么,如何让一个vlan中的DHCP服务器为整个企业网络分配IP地址? 作用:动态主机配置协议,为客户端动态分配IP地址. 配置DHCP中继,也就是帮助地址.(因为DHCP是基于广播的,vlan 或路由器隔离了广播)

5:有一台交换机上的所有用户都获取不了IP地址,但手工配置后这台交换机上的同一vlan间的用户之间能够相互ping通,但ping不通外网,请说出排障思路. 1:如果其它交换机上的终端设备能够获取IP地址,看帮助地址是否配置正确; 2:此交换机与上连交换机间是否封装为Trunk. 3:单臂路由实现vlan间路由的话看子接口是否配置正确,三层交换机实现vlan间路由的话看是否给vlan配置ip地址及配置是否正确. 4:再看此交换机跟上连交换机之间的级连线是否有问题; 排障思路. 6:什么是静态路由什么是动态路由各自的特点是什么 静态路由是由管理员在路由器中手动配置的固定路由,路由明确地指定了包到达目的地必须经过的路径,除非网络管理员干预,否则静态路由不会发生变化。静态路由不能对网络的改变作出反应,所以一般说静态路由用于网络规模不大、拓扑结构相对固定的网络。静态路由特点 1、它允许对路由的行为进行精确的控制; 2、减少了网络流量; 3、是单向的; 4、配置简单。 动态路由是网络中的路由器之间相互通信,传递路由信息,利用收到的路由信息更新路由表的过程。是基于某种路由协议来实现的。常见的路由协议类型有:距离矢量路由协议(如RIP)和链路状态路由协议(如OSPF)。路由协议定义了路由器在与其它路由器通信时的一些规则。动态路由协议一般都有路由算法。其路由选择算法的必要步骤 1、向其它路由器传递路由信息; 2、接收其它路由器的路由信息;

ccnp的试题中文版

CCNP网络工程师面试题 1、解决路由环问题的方法有(ABD) A. 水平分割 B. 路由保持法 C. 路由器重启 D. 定义路由权的最大值 2、下面哪一项正确描述了路由协议(C) A. 允许数据包在主机间传送的一种协议 B. 定义数据包中域的格式和用法的一种方式 C. 通过执行一个算法来完成路由选择的一种协议 D. 指定MAC地址和IP地址捆绑的方式和时间的一种协议 3、以下哪些内容是路由信息中所不包含的(A) A. 源地址 B. 下一跳 C. 目标网络 D. 路由权值 4、以下说法那些是正确的(BD) A. 路由优先级与路由权值的计算是一致的 B. 路由权的计算可能基于路径某单一特性计算,也可能基于路径多种属性 C. 如果几个动态路由协议都找到了到达同一目标网络的最佳路由,这几条路由都会被加入路由表中 D. 动态路由协议是按照路由的路由权值来判断路由的好坏,并且每一种路由协议的判断方法都是不一样的 5、IGP的作用范围是(C) A. 区域内 B. 局域网内 C. 自治系统内 D. 自然子网范围内 6、距离矢量协议包括(AB) A. RIP B. BGP C. IS-IS D. OSPF 7、关于矢量距离算法以下那些说法是错误的(A) A. 矢量距离算法不会产生路由环路问题 B. 矢量距离算法是靠传递路由信息来实现的 C. 路由信息的矢量表示法是(目标网络,metric) D. 使用矢量距离算法的协议只从自己的邻居获得信息 求职胜经/简历亮出你的精彩简历写作技巧,...面试前准备才是... 8、如果一个内部网络对外的出口只有一个,那么最好配置(A) A. 缺省路由 B. 主机路由 C. 动态路由 9、BGP是在(D)之间传播路由的协议 A. 主机 B. 子网 C. 区域(area) D. 自治系统(AS) 10、在路由器中,如果去往同一目的地有多条路由,则决定最佳路由的因素有(AC) A. 路由的优先级 B. 路由的发布者 C. 路由的metirc值 D. 路由的生存时间 11、在RIP协议中,计算metric值的参数是(D) A. MTU B. 时延 C. 带宽 D. 路由跳数 12、路由协议存在路由自环问题(A) A. RIP B. BGP C. OSPF D. IS-IS 13、下列关于链路状态算法的说法正确的是:(bc ) A. 链路状态是对路由的描述 B. 链路状态是对网络拓扑结构的描述 C. 链路状态算法本身不会产生自环路由 D. OSPF 和RIP都使用链路状态算法 14、在OSPF同一区域(区域A)内,下列说法正确的是(d ) A. 每台路由器生成的LSA都是相同的 B. 每台路由器根据该最短路径树计算出的路由都是相同的 C. 每台路由器根据该LSDB 计算出的最短路径树都是相同的 D. 每台路由器的区域A的LSDB(链路状态数据库)都是相

CCNP题库讲解

[题库讲解]CCNP 642-892 V3.95题库分析1 1.In the use of 802.1X access control, which three protocols are allowed through the switch port before authentication takes place? (Choose three.) A. STP B. CDP C. EAP MD5 D. TACACS+ E. EAP-over-LAN F. protocols not filtered by an ACL Answer: ABE 解释一下:IEEE 802.1X认证成功之前,客户连接的端口在LAN上只允许传递可扩展的认 证协议(EAPOL),CDP,和生成树的STP。只有认证成 功后才可以传递正常的流量。 2.Which protocol specified by RFC 2281 provides network redundancy for IP networks, ensuring that user traffic immediately and transparently recovers from first-hop failures in network edge devices or access circuits? A. STP B. IRDP C. ICMP D. HSRP Answer: D 解释一下:RFC 2281中定义的是HSRP。 3.What will be the effect of applying the VLAN access map configuration on a switch? Router(config)# vlan access-map thor 10 Router(config-access-map)# match ip address net_10 Router(config-access- map)#action forward Router(config-access-map)#exit Router(config)# vlan filter thor vlan-list 12-16 A. All VLAN 12 through 16 IP traffic matching net_10 is forwarded and all other IP packets are dropped. B. IP traffic matching vlan-list 12-16 is forwarded and all other IP packets are dropped. C. IP traffic matching net_10 is dropped and all other IP packets are forwarded to VLANs 12 through 16.

ccnp模拟试题与答案

c c n p模拟试题与答案 Document serial number【LGGKGB-LGG98YT-LGGT8CB-LGUT-

C i s c o C C N P842-813e x a m Question:1 uses layer 3 switches in the Core of their network. Which method of Layer 3 switching uses a forwarding information base (FIB) A. Topology-based switching B. Demand-based switching C. Route caching D. Flow-based switching E. None of the other alternatives apply Answer: A Question:2 You need to design the VLAN scheme for the network. Which two statements are true about best practices in VLAN design (Select two) A. Routing should occur at the access layer if voice VLANs are utilized. Otherwise, routing should occur at the distribution layer. B. Routing should always be performed at the distribution layer. C. VLANs should be localized to a switch. D. VLANs should be localized to a single switch unless voice VLANs are being utilized. E. Routing should not be performed between VLANs located on separate switches. Answer: B, C Question:3 If you needed to transport traffic coming from multiple VLANs (connected between switches), and your CTO was insistent on using an open standard, which protocol would you use A. B. spanning-tree C. D. ISL E. VTP F. Answer: C Question:4 Under what circumstances should an administrator prefer local VLANs over end-to-end VLANs A. Eighty percent of traffic on the network is destined for Internet sites. B. There are common sets of traffic filtering requirements for workgroups located in multiple buildings. C. Eighty percent of a workgroup’s traffic is to the workgroup’s own local server. D. Users are grouped into VLANs independent of physical location. E. None of the other alternatives apply Answer: A Question:5 What are some virtues of implementing end-to-end VLANs (Choose two) A. End-to-end VLANs are easy to manage. B. Users are grouped into VLANs independent of a physical location.

一个初学者的CCNP之路

一个初学者的CCNP之路 ---NP考后感 首语: 今天,随着最后一科的满分通过,终于标志着我长达1年多的NP奋战之路暂时告一段落。首先自恋一点,自己恭喜一下自己终于3科全满分3000分通过NP。 或许有人会问,有必要都考满分嘛。我会回答你,没必要。每个人的看法都是不同的。要相互尊重。考试和学习是两码事情。那有人又会问,我干嘛要考满分。是这样的:原本我也没想都考满分的,当时第一科825的时候不小心考了满分,后来看到网上一篇文章《3000分四科全满分PASS NP——我也顶多是个Paper》,我觉得人家可以,我也可以。虽说讨论分数没什么意义,因为大家都知道这里是怎么回事。但是,我把自己的目标定在了3000分。仅此作为对自己学习和考试的鞭策。满分不是我的最终目的,真正的目的是给自己定一个高的目标,从而去为之而奋斗。为什么是高的目标,而不是底的目标,因为,你有一个高的目标,即使你并不能真正的达到这个层次,但是你也得到了更多,学到了更多。而如果,你得过且过,总是把目标一而再再而三的降低,那么你将学到的更少,得到的也就更少。所以实际考NP,如果你有时间完全可以把它定位到IE,那么你将会收获更多的知识。我坚信这样一个道理:一个大学老师,他的知识水平应该在大学这个层次,而一个小学老师,虽然是大学学历,但是,他可能维持在小学的层次。因此,有条件我们就应该给自己一个高的定位,有一个高的目标,为之付出努力,收获自己的耕耘。如果你还是一个学生,那么我羡慕你们,因为我老了。所以知道年轻才是资本,时间就是金钱的道理。所以也希望那些学生们能够珍惜你们的时间,正真的让自己活得精彩,而不只是只知道ABCD,把什么事情都抛给了明天。古人云:少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。否则,我就是你们的前车之鉴-30岁了还一无所成。 为什么要恭喜自己,因为自己知道自己是通过付出大量的努力来学习CISCO 的,而并非纯靠背TK来通过NP的。当然,我尊重别人的学习方式。真正付出了汗水的耕耘,那么收获才是有价值的。 为什么要写这篇文章,因为之前通过RHCE考试后,我写过一篇文章《一个初学者的RHCE之路》,所以也想在NP通过后写一篇文章出来,一是总结自己学习的历程,二是希望对那些初学CCNP的人能够提供一些帮助,似乎网络上关于学习过程的文章少了点。虽说现在NP、IE满天飞,但是真正学习知识的人还是少数。更何况没钱的人还是多数,有多少能考得起IE的。基本上NP的知识点已经覆盖到了IE,但是,只是NP的深度、广度不如IE罢了。这也就是所谓的认证的层次化吧。 那为什么要起这个名字,一是因为想和自己的前一篇文章做一个对应,二是我虽然3年前通过的NA但是一直都没有从事网络系统集成这个行业,所以没有经验,故为初学者,因此而得名。 声明: 1.不要向我索取资料,我的所有资料均来源于网络。如果你有这种想法, 那等同于乞丐。为什么会这样说,因为我见过太多的不劳就想而获的人。 2.本文首发3个地方,转载请注明出处,本人保留最终权利。

iscoccnp模拟试题与答案

C i s c o C C N P842-813e x a m Question:1 uses layer 3 switches in the Core of their network. Which method of Layer 3 switching uses a forwarding information base (FIB)? A. Topology-based switching B. Demand-based switching C. Route caching D. Flow-based switching E. None of the other alternatives apply Answer: A Question:2 You need to design the VLAN scheme for the network. Which two statements are true about best practices in VLAN design? (Select two) A. Routing should occur at the access layer if voice VLANs are utilized. Otherwise, routing should occur at the distribution layer. B. Routing should always be performed at the distribution layer. C. VLANs should be localized to a switch. D. VLANs should be localized to a single switch unless voice VLANs are being utilized. E. Routing should not be performed between VLANs located on separate switches. Answer: B, C Question:3 If you needed to transport traffic coming from multiple VLANs (connected between switches), and your CTO was insistent on using an open standard, which protocol would you use? A. 802.11B B. spanning-tree C. 802.1Q D. ISL E. VTP F. Q.921 Answer: C Question:4 Under what circumstances should an administrator prefer local VLANs over end-to-end VLANs? A. Eighty percent of traffic on the network is destined for Internet sites. B. There are common sets of traffic filtering requirements for workgroups located in multiple buildings. C. Eighty percent of a workgroup’s traffic is to the workgroup’s own local server.

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