考研英语二阅读态度题解题原则

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第 1 页 共 1 页 考研英语二阅读态度题解题原则

在考研英语二考试阅读理解题型中，作者态度题几乎每年都会涉及，但题量不会很大，平均下来每年一道题左右，但如果考生希望拿到理想的阅读分数，这道态度题几乎是必须做对的。

在解题过程中，我们要注意以下几点原则：

第一，问作者对某事物的态度时中，表示客观的词多为正确选项，如objective, impartial 。第二，既然写了文章，那么作者的态度就不会是漠不关心，因此当问及作者对文中主题词的态度时，见到indifferent, uninterested 这类词基本可以排除。第三，某一事物是好还是坏，作者对它是支持还是反对，只要作者写的是真正的议论文，态度一般都会比较明确，而带中立色彩的词相对来讲不容易成为正确答案，如neutral 等。第四，注意不要把我们自己的好恶态度糅进其中，不要用带有主观倾向的视角评判作者态度。第五，作者引用别人的观点时，我们勿必分辨清楚作者引用的观点是作为支持还是反对的例证，要注意区分作者本人的态度和作者引用的观点的态度。第六，在做阅读题时，每位考生应该清醒地认识到我们是读者，一旦要读者对作者进行评论时，必须小心谨慎，如履薄冰，尽量不要用贬义词去表述作者态度，否则就是对作者的不敬，后果想必会比较严重。总之，只要掌握以上原则，我们在处理态度题时会比较得法，而且正确率也会提高。

此外，工欲善其事，必先利其器。大家做题之前，应先熟悉在考题中常常出现的表示态度的词汇。

(一) 积极意义的词汇

positive 肯定的，积极的 favorable 赞成的，有利的enthusiastic 热心的，有热情的 supportive 支持的，支援的defensive 辩护的，保卫的optimistic 乐观的

confident 自信的，确信的respectful 尊敬的approval 赞成， 承认

(二) 客观意义的词汇

objective 客观的impartial 公平的，不偏不倚的disinterested 无私的

unbiased 没有偏见的unprejudiced 公平的，无偏见的

(三) 消极意义的词汇

negative 否定的，消极的critical 批评的worried 焦虑的，担心的pessimistic 悲观的 apprehensive 忧虑的opposed 反对的indignant 愤怒的suspicious 怀疑的

doubtful 可疑的，不确定的ironic 说反话的，讽刺的disapproval 不赞成

objection 反对，不赞成opposition 反对criticism 批评，批判indignation 愤慨

(四) 中立及贬义的词汇

neutral 中立的indifferent 无关紧要的impassive 麻木的，无动于衷的

uninterested 不感兴趣的concerned 不关心的subjective 主观的，个人的

ambiguous 模棱两可的contemptuous 轻蔑的，鄙视的hostile 敌对的，有敌意的 biased 片面的，有偏见的scared 恐惧的radical 激进的

puzzling 使迷惑的，使人莫名其妙的depressed 沮丧的，消沉的

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考研英语阅读做题经验和方法

考研英语阅读做题经验 和方法 IMB standardization office【IMB 5AB- IMBK 08- IMB 2C】

考研英语真题经验和方法 阅读理解的文章大多为说明文或者议论文。针对这两类文章，考生应该有不同的阅读重点和策略。对于说明文来说，最重要的是抓住文章的说明对象、事实和数据；对于议论文来说，最重要的是总结作者的观点和结论、抓住作者的态度，以及作者的观点和态度与其他人的观点和态度之间的关系等等。 13个重点考点和四大命题原则。考生应该熟记这些重点考点，并在平时的练习中训练自己对这些考点的敏感程度，做到使自己的神经能够一找到这些考点就会条件反射般地兴奋起来，从而增强对重点的记忆和理解。下面首先将一一介绍阅读理解文章的敏感考点。 1、首段和尾段 一篇文章的主题句、或者说是中心思想往往出现在文章的首段或者尾段。大家在阅读了一定数量的文章之后就能够发现，许多文章开门见山地在文章第一段中就提出了要说明的对象或者要论证的观点，这些中心思想句的位置一般都是文章第一句话或者第一段的最后一两句话。 此外，文章的最后一段一般都会对全文的说明和论证进行总结，这些句子往往位于最后一段的第一句话或最后一句话。通过一些标志性词汇或者短语，我们可以更快地找到这些总结性句子，如： allinall,inshort,toconclude,inconsequence,insummary,inaword,asaresult,the refore,accordingly,thus等。 主题句考查了考生是否能够把握文章大意的能力，因此是常考且几乎是必考的一个考点。 2、段首和段尾 无论是说明文还是议论文，一篇文章往往会分成几个部分或层次进行说明和论证，每一个段落一般都是一个部分或者层次。英美人写文章的逻辑性非常强，文章结构都非常规范，因此每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的中心思想句，因此也是出题的重点区域，涉及的问题包括了中心思想题、推理判断题和细节题等。下文也将会提到，在进行快速阅读的时候，考生只需要浏览文章每一段的第一句话就大致能够判断这篇文章的中心思想和主旨。 3、长难句 上文提到了长难句是阅读理解的主要难度所在，其中包含了同位语、插入语、定语、不定式、分词、各种从句等，使得句子长达好几行。因此这些复杂的句型也往往成为了试题的重点所在。考生应该加强训练自己对付长难句的能力，平时练习中有意识地去分解这些句子，理解其中的指代关系和句子层次。 4、列举处 所谓的列举是指通过一些表示顺承关系的词语逐项列出一些事实或者观点，标志性的词汇包括First,Second,Third…;Firstly,Secondly,Thirdly… Finally;Firstofall,Then,Inaddition,Further,Furthermore,Besides,Moreover…针对这一考点的题目通常考查文章细节，有时候也涉及对文章内容的推理判断。这种题目没有固定的提问方式，不过通常会有两种题型：第一种是从四个答案选项中选择正确的一项，错误选项的意思往往与文章的意思相反或因果关系颠倒；第二中

2017考研英语翻译模拟练习题(2)

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！ 第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语翻译模拟练习题（2） There is no question that science-fiction writers have become more ambitious, stylistically and thematically, in recent years. (1) (But this may have less to do with the luring call of academic surroundings than with changing market conditions —a factor that academic critics rarely take into account.) Robert Silverberg, a former president of The Science Fiction Writers of America, is one of the most prolific professionals in a field dominated by people who actually write for a living. (Unlike mystery or Western writers, most science-fiction writers cannot expect to cash in on fat movie sales or TV tie-ins.) (2) (Still in his late thirties, Silverberg has published more than a hundred books, and he is disarmingly frank about the relationship between the quality of genuine prose and the quality of available outlet. )By his own account, he was “an annoyingly verbal young man ” from Brooklyn who picked up his first science-fiction book at the age of ten, started writing seriously at the age of thirteen, and at seventeen nearly gave up in despair over his inability to break into the pulp magazines. (3)( At his parents ’ urging, he enrolled in Columbia University, so that, if worst came to worst, he could always go to the School of Journalism and “get a nice steady job somewhere ”.) During his sophomore year, he sold his first science-fiction story to a Scottish magazine named Nebula. By the end of his junior year, he had sold a novel and twenty more stories. (4) (By the end of his senior year, he was earning two hundred dollars a week writing science fiction, and his parents were reconciled to his pursuit of the literary life. )“I became very cynical very quickly,” he says. First I couldn ’t sell anything, then I could sell everything. The market played to my worst characteristics. An editor of a schlock magazine would call up to tell me he had a ten-thousand-word hole to fill in his next issue. I ’d fill it overnight for a hundred and fifty dollars. I found that rewriting made no difference. (5)( I knew I could not possibly write the kinds of things I admired as a reader —Joyce, Kafka, Mann —so I detached myself from my work.) I was a phenomenon among my friends in college, a published, selling author. But they always asked, “When are you going to do something serious?” —meaning something that wasn ’t science fiction —and I kept telling them, “ When I ’m financially secure.” 答案 1.但是这一点与其说是与学术环境具有诱惑力的召唤有关，还不如说是与变化的市场状况有关——一这是一个学术评论家很少考虑的因素。 2.还不到四十岁，西尔弗伯格就已出版了一百多本书籍，而他对真正散文的质量与应时之作的质量之间的关系十分坦诚，毫无掩饰。 3.在他双亲的敦促下，他报考了哥伦比亚大学，所以即便最糟他也能进入新闻学校，“将来总可以有一份稳定的好工作。” 4.到大四结束的时候，他每星期写科幻小说已经可以赚两百美元了，而他的双亲也接受了他对于文学生涯的追求。 5.我知道我写不出作为读者的我所喜欢的东西，就像乔伊斯、卡夫卡、曼恩的作品，所以我不再那么关注我所写的东西。 总体分析 本文介绍了科幻小说家罗伯特·西尔弗伯格。文章先指出科幻小说的繁荣与市场需求关系紧密，接着通过介绍多产的科幻小说家西尔弗伯格的创作经历予以说明。 本文考查的知识点：后置定语、插入语、比较结构、同位语、上下文中词义的选择，等。

2016考研英语阅读八大题型解题技巧

2016考研英语阅读八大题型解题技巧

2016考研英语阅读八大题型解题技巧 1. 例证题： ①例证题的标记。当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 时。 ②返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。 ③搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性 的表达通常就是它的论点。 注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。 ④找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。

⑤例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。 ? 即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。(╳) 要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。 2. 指代题： ①返回原文，找出出题的指代词。 ②向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语

或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)。 ③将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。 ④将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。 3. 词汇题：“搜索代入”法 ①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。 ②确定该词汇的词性

③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适 ④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案 注意：a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。 b.考研阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。 c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词