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英语入门学习方法

Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

Unit One: 基本的入门学习方法

Part I How to remember a new word

单词的三个要素：

1. pronunciation (发音)

2. meaning (意思)

3. spelling (拼写即文字) 背单词的步骤:

1、以音节为单位，先背住单词的发音及发音的拼写；

（拼音→音节→整个发音，由慢到快，强调准确，直至脱口而出）

2、以university为例：

University [ju:niv:siti] n. 大学

1)u [ju:] 发音一致：即字母u本身就发[ju:]

2)ni [ni] 写法一致：即字母组合ni所对应的音标写法也是[ni]

3)ver [v:] v写法一致，er发[:]

4)si [si] 写法一致：即字母组合si所对应的音标写法也是[si]

5)ty [ti] t写法一致，ty发[ti]

长单词university在记住发音的基础上，背拼写时出现很多发音和写法上的一致，最后只剩下两个难点要背住：1）ver [v:] 2）ty [ti]

然而在搞定这个词后，我们会发现：1）很多er发[:]的情况：verse [v:s] verb [v:b] certain ['s:tn] certify ['s:tifai] service

['s:vis]

German ['d:mn] jerk [d:k] kernel ['k:nl] nerve [n:v] perfect ['p:fikt] term

2) y在末尾发[i]的情况：

city ['siti] county ['kaunti] country ['kntri] diary ['dairi]

tommy ['tmi] fifty ['fifti] biology [bai'ldi] frankly ['frkli]

phony ['funi] sexy ['seksi] sassy ['ssi] My sassy girl 我的野蛮女友

总之：发音与拼写之间是相辅相成的。

3、“意思”必须通过读例句或者实际的运用来通过反复加强印象而记

住。俗称“单词又忘了”实际是指“意思”忘记了。常见的平时使用英语来扩大词汇量的方法如下：（原则是选择必须能让自己感兴趣坚持下去的方法）

1)阅读英文报纸、期刊、网页等，选择自己感兴趣的内容，如娱

乐、新闻等；

2)阅读流行的或经典的英文原版小说，并写些读后感；

3)看有英文字幕的电影；听有英文歌词的英语歌；

Gossip Girls / Desperate Housewives /

4)平时上课或做题目中，尤其是阅读题中；

5)养成经常翻译的习惯，自己创造一个中英文互译（口头或笔

头）的语境；

6)用一个小本子记下最近遇到的生词，经常复习一下，慢慢就会

灵活运用了。

总结：

1、用这种方法可以杜绝聋哑英语，因为强调遇到单词就要读，读音

节、单词、例句； university university university

2、以音节为单位背单词，读到哪个音节就写到音节对应的字母组合；

3、发音（包括发音的拼写）与拼写之间相辅相成：通过发音记住拼

写，又可通过拼写巩固发音； department department

department

4、当背1-1000个词时，非常困难；1000-3000时，困难；3000-

6000适中稍难；6000之后，容易；10000之后，非常容易。

5、贵在坚持，抓住早上半个小时（7:30 – 8:10），以及晚上睡觉

前；

6、背四级词汇书时，不可一味强迫自己一定记得；应该科学根据

“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”，善于复习；强调某一时间段（长）里自己过了这整本词汇书多少遍，而不是当天背了某词多少遍。

Part II Grammar / Making Sentences / Translation

1、Universal

Grammar Theory (UG理论，即普遍语法理论)，即都是用母语的成功学习经验来指导当前外语的学习，如果二者（母语与目标语）之间存在很大相似性，则学起来很容易；反之则很难。英语与汉语最大的相似的地方是句法（尤其在简单句上），所以在翻译或者语法上其实重点应该记得二者的差异在哪些地方，如名词

和谓语的单复数、时态的差别、存在句型、从句和复杂句（实际上是简单句的变异）等。

2、相似性，简单

句的五种基本句型：

1)主语 + 谓语： He comes. 他来了。

2)主语 + 系动词 + 标语： I am a student. 我是一个学生。

3)主语 + 谓语 + 宾语：I love you. 我爱你。

4)主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语（人） + 直接宾语（物）：

He gave me a gift. 他给我一个礼物。 / He gave a gift to me. 5）主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语：（宾语和宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系）：He made us happy. 他让我们高兴。

We elected him our monitor. 我们选他做班长。

从以上可以看出，在单词没有难度的情况下，用简单句要翻译或者说出自己的中文意思是相当容易的，连语序都不用怎么改，因为中英文都这样的。

3、差异性：（在

语法的环节再详细学习）。

There is a big tree in our school. 学校里有棵大树。

Our / studen ts’…的 the tree’s leaves the leaves of the tree Long time no see.

Unit Two 国际音标

利用发音软件或光碟来进行学习。原则：元音必须饱满。

注意一下字母组合的发音：

F [ef] h [] m [em] n [en] l [el] j k p [pi:] q s [es] W x [eks] y [wai] z [zed]

A [ei] mate cake sake

[] lamp map

发

大多数辅音字母前

之前

重读音节中

后

重读音节中

重读音节中、

i/ y ai site fly satisfy

i print did army liquid Holiday possible

ie i: believe field

前

K cat close music

ia / io / ie social sufficient Ch k stomach christ

ck k chick clock ticket

dge bridge fridge

g g good / girl

gorgeous page

Gh f cough laugh

Ght t light sight

Gu / gue g guide league Gn n sign campaign

H h house how

不发音 hour exhibition J

Tch

降调：陈述句、特殊疑问句、感叹句、祈使句

升调：一般疑问句、选择疑问句的前一部分；列举事物的情况

I am come from Guangzhou. I am from …/ I come from Guangzhou. Unit Three Grammar

1.名词：

最主要的差异就是可数与不可数；

1)一般单数后面+s，清辅音后发[s]，浊辅音后发[z]，如：books,

homes / girls

2)s/x/sh/ch后+es，读[iz], 如：buses /boxes/dishes/watches

3)辅音后+y则改y为i+es，读[iz], 如：cities / babies/

ladies/countries

4)O结尾的词加es，如果o之前也是元音，则加s。如：radios

/ zoos/ heroes / potatoes / tomatoes

5)Fe / f 结尾的有的加s，有的需要改f为v再加es，如：

proofs / beliefs / life (lives) / half (halves) / knife (knives) / leaf

(leaves) / shelf (shelves)

6)不规则变化：foot (feet) / tooth (teeth) / man (men) / woman

(women) / child (children) / mouse (mice)

7)有些名词在意义上讲，只用复数形式，如：trousers / pants /

socks / shoes / gloves / scissors

2.名词的所有格：

考试：

1、熟悉考法（题型、时间、模块）；知道分值重的题型；

2、买一本四级词汇书（音标、考试频率、例句为四级真题、一定

的练习）、四级模拟题书（包括各个模块考试方法、复习方

法）

3、背四级词汇书时，不可一味强迫自己一定记得；应该科学根据

“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”，善于复习；强调某一时间段（长）里自己过了这整本词汇书多少遍，而不是当天背了某词多少遍。抓住早上和晚上入睡前的时间。

4、具体模块：听力，以口语突破听力，读熟听力的原文；考试方

法：必须有时间预读题目，抓住关键词；记下关键信息；

5、阅读：快速阅读法，先读题目（选项），抓住题目关键词，去

文章中找到相应的段落和句子，划起来，结合问题，重点分

析，用排除法得出答案。

李正锋

英美文学欣赏考题整理及答案

Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer’s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer’s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people’s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s’separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife’s love is sacred, he didn’t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.

英语语法基础入门

toy→toys玩具leaf→leaves树叶英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。例如： man→men男人tooth→teeth牙齿datum→data数据有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则，请参阅有关的英语语法书。（二）冠词冠词(article)放在名词之前，帮助说明该名词所指的对象。冠词分为不定冠词(indefinite article)和定冠词(definite article)两种。不定冠词为a/an，用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物的“一个”。a用在以辅音开头的名词之前，an用在以元音开头的名词之前。例如： a hotel 一家旅馆 a chance 一次机会 a double room一个双人间 a useful book一本有用的书 an exhibition一次展览an honest man一个诚实的人冠词只有一个，既the，表示某一类人或事物中特定的一个或一些。可用于单数或复数名词前，也可用于不可数名词前。例如： · the TV programs那些电视节目 the house那座房子 the Olympic Games奥运会（三）代词代词(pronoun)是用来指代人或事物的词。代词包括： 1。人称代词，如：I, you, they, it等； 2。物主代词，如：my, his, their, our, mine, hers等； 3。反身代词，如：myself, yourself, itself, ourselves, oneself等； 4。相互代词，如：each other, one another等； 5。指示代词，如：this, that, these, those, such, same等；

小学英语语法基础知识大全蓝本

小学英语语法汇总（蓝本）可数名词与不可数名词“分家” 一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别可数名词是可以按个数来计算的普通名词，分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people, family 等)。不可数名词是不能按个数来计算的普通名词，分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。强调：不可数名词默认为单数，用is或者was；不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断。二、可数名词的家务事可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下： 1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：book → books house → houses day → days 读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 2. 以s,ss,ch,sh, x 结尾的在词尾加-es 。如：bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box → boxe s 读音：[iz] 3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的，将y改为i再加-es。如city → cities factory → factories 读音：[z] 4. 以f 或fe 结尾的，将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives thief-thieves 读音：[z] 5. 特例（常考） ①child →children mouse→mice ②man →men woman→women policeman →policemen (规律：man →men) ③tomato →tomatoes potato → potatoes [注：黑人英雄土豆西红柿加es其余加-s,,如：photo → photos ] h ero →h eroes negro→negroes 读音：[z] ④foot → feet tooth → teeth [ oo变ee] ⑤sheep, Chinese, Japanese, fish单、复数同形 ⑥people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指"多个民族"。三、不可数名词的家务事 1. 不可数名词没有复数，作句子主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：The food is very fresh. 2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但意义发生变化。如：water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子) 3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表种类时就可数，意义不发生变化。如：fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs 4. 计算不可数名词的数量，要在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”如：a glass of water a piece of paper a bottle of juice 5.判断步骤： ↗如是am、is或was→原形读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词 ↘如是are或were→加s或es

英语小说欣赏入门The Lady Or The Tiger

The Open Window Based on a story by Frank Stockton About the author: Frank Stockton (1834-1902) was born in Philadelphia. Stockton was an engraver by trade, but he spent much of his time writing stories. His earliest stories were for children, but later he began writing for adults. Stockton was one of the most famous American writers of the 1880s and 1890s. He was widely admired in his day and even Mark Twain was one of his fans. “The Lady or the Tiger?” is Stockton’s best known work. When it was punished in 1882, it caused a sensation throughout the country as readers debated what the ending should be. The text Many years ago there lived a cruel and savage king. This king had a wild and violent imagination, and since he was king, he had the power to make his wishes come true. The king loved to discuss things with himself. When he and himself agreed on something, the king commanded that it be done, and it was done at once because everyone in the kingdom was afraid of the king. When thing went smoothly, the king was pleasant and calm. But when a problem arose, his eyes gleamed and he rubbed his hands together with glee since there was nothing he loved more than correcting things that were wrong and destroying those who needed to be punished. [1] The king had heard about the public arena—a place where men and wild animals could demonstrate their courage and strength by fighting each other, The idea appealed very much to this barbaric king. But he used it in a different way—to punish the guilty and reward the innocent. Here is how it worked. When a man was accused of a serious crime, the king posted a notice. It said that in a certain day the man’s fate would be decided in the king’s arena. Everyone was invited to attend the trail. The king’s arena! Ah, how well it deserved that name! You see, the idea of an arena was not new, but the way it was used here was different, and came solely from the brain of the king. He thought of it because it delighted him and gave him pleasure. On the day of the trail, a large crowd would gather in the king’s arena. After everyone was seated, the king entered, followed by his court. The king sat on his royal throne on one side of the arena. When the king gave a signal, a door would open and the accused man would step out into the arena. Opposite him, on the other side of the arena, were two doors, exactly alike and side by side. The person on trail would walk to these doors and open one of them. He could open either door he pleased. No one spoke to him or offered any advice. The choice was his own. Behind one of the doors was a hungry tiger, the fiercest and most cruel that could be found. If the man opened that door, the tiger immediately leaped out and tore the man to pieces. That was the punishment for his guilt! Then iron bells began to clang, cries of sorrow were heard, and the vast crowd, with heavy hearts, slowly made its way home. Everyone felt sad that the man had deserved to meet such a horrible fate. But if the accused person opened the other door, a lady stepped out. She was as perfect a

英语语法基本基础知识——时态

英语的时态问题英语的时态可以分为：“时”(time) 和“体”(aspect)（又称为态）。时是指动作发生的时间，体是指动作发生时的状态。时间与体就象是坐标里的横轴和纵轴，它们的结合交织出了瞬息万变的时空，也构成了英语动词的时态问题。时间分为：过去，现在，将来，过去将来体分为：一般（在某个时间点），进行（延续某个时间段），完成（完成某个时间段）完成进行（延续某个完成的时间段）如此以来，英语中就有16种时态变化，现在就用动词为write例，看看它们的形式。注意：里面的斜体字部分，由于时态过于复杂，几乎没有人真正去应用它们，可以忽略不记。下面就常用的12种时态，（其中还有三种相对用的较少的，请注意）。具体分析一下。一．一般现在时表示现在的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态，常用于以下的情况 1、经常重复发生的动作或存在的状态，多与often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, 等时间状语连用。 He takes a walk after supper everyday My mother and father work at the same company. 2、表示性格，特征，能力。 Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. 3、表示客观真理或者普遍事实。

The sun rises in the east. 二．一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或者状态，常和表示过去某个时间“点”的时间状语(yesterday, last week, 3 years ago, in 1987)连用 She bought a car last week. He came to help me at that time. 三．一般将来时表示将来的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态。 The train will arrive soon. We shall know the news tomorrow. 四．过去将来时过去某个时间“点”上将要发生的动作或状态。 I asked her where she would spend her holiday. I told my father that I should go home next Monday. 五．现在进行时表示现在的时间“段”上正在延续进行的动作或者状态。 I’m doing some washing. What are you doing? 六．过去进行时在过去某一个时间“段”正在延续进行的动作。 I was working in my office at eight o’clock yesterday evening. He was making a phone call when I saw him. 七．将来进行时在将来某个时间“段”正在发生的动作，一般表示一种猜测和未来的计划，一般不太常用。What will you be doing at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? （明天下午三点你将在做什么哪）八．现在完成时表示动作在一个时间“段”的完成，而且这个时间段是从过去某一点延续到现在的。经常跟时间状语since 1987，for 10 hours , by the last year相连。 My brother has been ill for 3 days. I have not seen her since 1991. 九．过去完成时在过去的某个时间“段”里动作的完成，从过去的一点再到过去的另一点。或者称为过去的过去。 He said that he had written her a letter. Helen rang me up after I had gone to sleep.

英语语法基础知识大全.doc

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英美文学欣赏诗歌赏析合集

1)总分析it is a very popular poem for his beautiful words and sound, using many key poetic devices to describe his eternal and passionate love. He describes his passion and emotion using a lot of imagery, symbolism, rhyme, and repetition which appeals to the senses including the heart 2)Theme: The speaker loves the young lady beyond measure through vivid similes and hyperbolic :—express speaker's powerful, undying love-is lasting,real,awesomely awesome. Nature: Rocks, seas, sand, roses—many : "A Red, Red Rose" has time on its side. 3)Structure: a)Stanza1: compare his sweet heart as a red rose and sweet Stanza2-3 : swear that he will love her for ever, and assure that he will never change his Stanza4: assure his lover that he will leave for a short time but will come back no matter how far it is. 4)Form: Scottish Folklore, short lines, strong rhythm. The first and third lines have 8 syllables and the second and fourth lines have 6 syllable in the first two stanzas and 7 syllables in the second two stanzas. Rhyming abab. Use simile to express the strong affection which can not be controlled. And use repetition to intensify his emotion. 5)Meter:This one's a classic, so it's no wonder it uses some of the most classic forms in all of poetry and music. "A Red, Red Rose" is written partly in ballad meter (the first eight lines) and partly in common meter (the last eight lines). It alternates between iambic tetrameter in the odd-numbered lines and iambic trimeter in the even-numbered ones. A line of iambic tetrameter consists of four (tetra-) iambs, a foot that contains an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. Line 5 is a great example: As fair art thou, my bonn-ie lass. Iambic trimeter, as you might have already guessed, is the same as iambic tetrameter, except there are three (tri-) iambs instead of four, as in line 2: That's new-ly sprung in June. But line 10, It has seven syllables, when it should have six. Let's assume the line's first foot is not an iamb but an anapest. If we scan the line in the following way, we have a line of neat, flowing trimeter: And the rocks melt wi' the sun. Wondered Lonely as A Cloud William Wordsworth 1)Theme:N ature's beauty uplifts the human spirit. Lines 15, 23, and 24 specifically refer to this theme;P eople sometimes fail to appreciate nature's wonders as they go about their daily routines. Lines 17 and 18 suggest this theme;N ature thrives unattended. The daffodils proliferate in splendor along the shore of the lake without the need for human attention. 2)Genre：Lyric poem 3)Rhyme Skill:ababcc, efefgg, hihikk, lmlmnn Rhetoric(修辞）:Simile明喻，personification拟人，hyperbole夸张，alliteration 头韵。 4)Structure:Meter of the poem is in Iambic Tetrameter:each lines has four iambs(unaccented syllable/accented syllable)four stanzas, each including 6 lines:Summary, Stanza1:Wandering like a cloud, the speaker happens upon daffodils fluttering in a breeze on the shore of a lake, beneath trees. Daffodils are plants in the lily family with yellow flowers and a crown shaped like a trumpet. Click here to see images of , Stanza 2The daffodils stretch all along the shore. Because there