文档视界 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档视界 › 高考英语第二轮总复习提升突破专题07 阅读理解Ⅳ:篇章结构题(测)

高考英语第二轮总复习提升突破专题07 阅读理解Ⅳ:篇章结构题(测)

高考英语第二轮总复习提升突破专题07 阅读理解Ⅳ:篇章结构题(测)
高考英语第二轮总复习提升突破专题07 阅读理解Ⅳ:篇章结构题(测)

专题7阅读理解IV:篇章结构

(测试时间:45分钟)

1.【2020届山东省淄博市高三下学期一模】

The production of coffee beans is a huge,profitable business,but,unfortunately,full-sun pro duction is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coff ee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds,and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance.

On a local level,the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种)t hat depend on the trees’flowers and fruits.Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result,many species are quickly dying out.

On a more global level,the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threat ens(威胁)human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests’plant and animal life,an d the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain disease s.In addition,new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally,and eventually the world’s groundwater.

Both locally and globally,the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations(种植园)could m ean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world’s climate,and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to ai r pollution and global warming.Moreover,the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic (酸性的)soil conditions.

It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life,from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible,although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.

15.

Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

B

A

C

D

【答案】15.A

【文章大意】随着现代科技的发展,树荫下种植的咖啡产量越来越少,取而代之的是受到阳光暴晒的咖啡。这种生产咖啡的方式影响了人们生活的方方面面,破坏了当地的生态环境,影响了全球的生态平衡。

【推理关系】题干Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text??文章内容本文的第一段提出观点,其后的第二、三、四段分别从不同角度进行具体论证,最后一段是总结段。因此本文是“总——分——总”结构。

【答案】本文的第一段提出观点,其后的第二、三、四段分别从不同角度进行具体论证,最后一段是总结段。因此本文是“总——分——总”结构。?A选项

2.D【2018北京西城区高三一模】

Ownership used to be about as straightforward as writing a cheque.If you bought something,you owned it.If it broke,you fixed it.If you no longer wanted it,you sold it or threw it away.In the digital age,however,ownership has become more slippery.Since the coming of smartphones,consumers have been forced to accept that they do not control the software in their devices;they are only licensed to use it.As a digital chain is wrapped ever more tightly around more devices,such as cars and thermostats,who owns and who controls which objects is becoming a

problem.Buyers should be aware that some of their most basic property rights are under threat.

The trend is not always harmful.Manufacturers seeking to restrict what owners do with increasingly complex technology have good reasons to protect their copyright,ensure that their machines do not break down,support environmental standards and prevent hacking.Sometimes companies use their control over a product’s software for the owners’benefit.When Hurricane Irma hit Florida this month,Tesla remotely updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to give owners more range to escape the storm.

But the more digital strings are attached to goods,the more the balance of control leans towards producers and away from owners.That can be inconvenient.Picking a car is hard enough,but harder still if you have to dig up the instructions that tell you how use is limited and what data you must give.If the products are intentionally designed not to last long,it can also be expensive.Already,items from smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix,meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired.

Privacy is also at https://www.docsj.com/doc/0f988882.html,ers become terrified when iRobot,a robotic vacuum cleaner,not only cleans the floor but also creates a digital map of the inside of a home that can then be sold to advertisers(though the manufacturer says it has no intention of doing so).Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected.

Ownership is not about to go away,but its meaning is changing.This requires careful inspection.Devices,by and large,are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want.To the extent they are controlled by somebody else,that freedom is compromised.

47.What benefit does it bring to customers if companies control the ownership of products?

A.It provides them with knowledge to prevent hacking.

B.It gives them the chance to be protected from danger.

C.It enables them to own the copyright of the products.

D.It helps them know more about complex technology.

48.The underlined words“that freedom”in the last paragraph refer to the freedom to_____.

A.control other people

B.share the ownership

C.inspect devices at any time

https://www.docsj.com/doc/0f988882.html,e devices as one wishes

49.The author may agree_____.

A.customers should buy fewer digital devices

B.producers should control property rights

C.property rights need to be protected

D.better after sales service is required

50.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

I:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:Conclusion

A. B.

C. D.

【答案】47.B48.D49.C50.A

【解析】所有权过去就像写支票一样简单。本文就“所有权”进行了论述。所有权不会消失,但它的意义正在改变。

47.B

细节理解题。根据第二段中Sometimes companies use their control over a product’s software for the owners’benefit.When Hurricane Irma hit Florida this month,Tesla remotely updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to give owners more range to escape the storm.可知,这给了他们免受危险的机会。故选B。

48.D

词义猜测题。根据最后一段中Devices,by and large,are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want.总的来说,设备的销售是基于它们能让人们做自己想做的事。To the extent they are controlled by somebody else,that freedom is compromised.在某种程度上,他们是被别人控制的,that freedom是妥协让步的。由此推知,划线词的意思是“在任何时候检查设备的自由”。故选D。

49.C

推理判断题。根据第四段中Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property

rights and control who uses the data that is collected.可知,作者可能同意保护产权需要得到保护。故选C。50.A

细节理解题。根据第一段中Ownership used to be about as straightforward as writing a cheque.可知,本句是文章的引入;第一段中的In the digital age,however,ownership has become more slippery.和Buyers should be aware that some of their most basic property rights are under threat.这是文章的两个主要要点;第二段第一句The trend is not always harmful.第三段中That can be inconvenient.第四段第一句Privacy is also at risk.这是第1个要点的3个次要点;最后一段第一句Ownership is not about to go away,but its meaning is changing.这是本文得出的最后结论。由此推知答案为A。

3.The Indian government may use3D paintings as virtual speed-breakers on major highways arid roads,in an attempt to check speeding and careless driving,and eventually make its deadly roads a little safer.“We are trying out3D paintings used as virtual speed breakers to avoid unnecessary requirements of speed breakers,”India's transport minister Nitin Gadkari tweeted.

The visual illusions(幻象)are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically.Earlier this month, India had ordered the removal of all speed breakers from highways,which are considered to be a danger to safety for high-speed vehicles.

India has the highest number of road accident deaths in the world.According to the World Health Organisation, over200,00people are killed by road accidents due to poor application of road safety laws.This is considerably higher than its official figures of141,526for2014.

The use of visual illusions as speed breakers was first pioneered in the American city of Philadelphia in2008, as part of a campaign against speeding motorists.The technique has also been tried out in China to create floating

3D crossings.

In India,cities such as Ahmedabad and Chennai have already experimented with3D zebra crossings in the last one year.In Ahmedabad for instance,two artists,mother and daughter have painted3D crosswalks in the first few months of this year.The artists say their motto is“to increase the attention of drivers”,and that the concept has been successfully tested in zones where accidents easily occur on a highway.”

However,critics argue that once drivers know that these speed breakers arc visual illusions,they may ignore them.Others also point out that India's decision does not consider the safety of a large number of walkers.In the end,the new policy may be just one step towards improving road safety.

10.The author explains the experiment of3D zebra crossings in India by.

A.giving examples.

B.analysing causes.

C.providing figures.

D.making comparisons.

【答案】10.D

【解析】本文叙述了印度政府用3D图画作为主要路段的减速器,目的是使危险的路段变得更安全。但有人也对此种方法的有效性表示怀疑。学!科网

4.I once knew a high school teacher who made,in my mind,a curious comment.Referring to a naughty student,he remarked,with a tone of gloomy resignation,“People don’t change.”I knew the kid well.He was what one would call a“juvenile delinquent(不良少年)”.But if schooling held no promise of making positive changes in kids,what was the point teaching?

My own son,Alyosha,growing up,was athletic,energetic,and occasionally hard to handle.But he never showed the least interest in tools,or working with his hands in any way.The result was that he couldn’t tell a screwdriver from a paintbrush.I recall one day,as I fussed under the car,calling out to him to bring me an adjustable wrench(知动扳手).He fetched a pair of pliers(钳子).“No,”I pleaded while trying to hold an oily car part in place.“Pliers.”He went back into the garage and returned with a bar.“No,no,”I corrected him.“The adjustable wrench!For loosening a nut.”To which,in his own defennce,he exclaimed,“Well,I don’t know!”

Years passed.And then,one day,well into his20s,he told me he had decided on a technical school:machinery technology.I nodded approvingly,but already knew that it was a challenging field,full of moving parts,tools,and dreaded math.

During his period in Coast Guard technical school I thought about him daily,wondering what the outcome would be.I had prepared myself for the phone call telling me that it was just too much and he was being sent to sea as a deckhand.

It didn’t happen.The phone did ring,but it was Alyosha asking me to fly to Virginia to attend his graduation and pin his new rank on his collar.Prouder I couldn’t have been.

As I stood before my son,Alyosha,standing at attention and staring dead ahead,glanced at me.“You want me to help you,Dad?”he said.“Always,”I answered,“but not this time.”

Yeah,people do chance.And,in my experience,it’s usually something to see.

5.The examples in Paragraph3are used to show Alyosha___________.

https://www.docsj.com/doc/0f988882.html,cked team spirit

B.knew nothing about mechanics

C.had a bad relationship with his dad

D.was unwilling to learn any handwork

【答案】5.D

【解析】我曾经认识一个高中老师,他发表过一番令我觉得十分费解的言论。在谈到一位难以管教的学生时,他用一种严肃而又无可奈何的语气说:"人是不会改变的。的确,年长一些的人往往会变得积习难改,但一个15岁的孩子也会如此吗?,作者以自己孩子为例,相信人们都会改变。

5.It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter.There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming.Countless recent reports have proved the same thing.For instance,a2010summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that: The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity.”

You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate,but the basic science is well understood. Each year,billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity.As has been known for years,these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space,wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.

Of course,the earth’s climate has always been changing due to“natural”factors such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar,or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun.According to the scientific research, however,the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere-not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.

Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far,that would give birth to a difficult question.As Robert Henson puts it:“If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change,then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”

The only way to prove with100%certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths-one with human influence and one without.That obviously isn’t possible,

and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.

12.The text is developed by________.

A.giving typical examples

B.following the order of space

https://www.docsj.com/doc/0f988882.html,paring and finding differences

D.analyzing a theory and arguing it

【答案】12.D

6.There are many places to go on safari(观赏野生动物)in Africa,but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.

Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure,providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta.The camps have excellent horses,professional guides and lots of support workers.They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.

The morning ride,when the guides take you to beautiful,shallow lakes full of water lilies,tends to be more active.It is unlike any other riding experience.With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face,it is truly exciting.You are very likely to come across large wild animals,too.On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants,giraffes and many other animals.The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though,as does your heart rate,as you move closer to them.

In the evening,rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace,with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink.Sedate though they are,rides at this time of day are still very impressive.As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses,the romance of Africa comes to life.

Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine.Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.

1.The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by________.

A.following space order

B.following time order

C.making classifications

D.giving examples

1.B考查段落的组织方法。第一、二两段介绍观赏野生动物的地点和方式,而后续段落则按从早到晚的时间顺序来详尽介绍。

7.Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life,mostly for the better.However,social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.

An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college.Surveys (调查)on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be“very”or“somewhat”overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories.The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago.This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.

However,greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult”children.

In the context(背景)of this discussion,it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’involvement with their grown children.If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently,would this have been possible?Probably not.On the other hand,does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago?Many studies show that older parents-today’s grandparents-would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.

Furthermore,studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children.The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new;nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.This phenomenon is neither good nor bad;it is a fact of college life,today and in the past.

Thanks to the advanced technology,we live in an age of bettered communication.This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college.But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep

their children under their wings.

5.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?

5.B文章结构题。文章第一段是introduction,第二段是第一个论点,指出父母在子女生活中参与度提高的现象。第三段是第二个论点(关键词However),指出通过调查并不能推断出父母未能对子女放手,分论点一

是科技的进步导致父母对子女生活更多的参与,分论点二(关键词Furthermore)是子女经济不独立导致父母对

子女生活的过多参与。最后一段总结。故选B。

8.When should people be made to retire?55?65?Should there be a compulsory age limit?

Many old people work well into their70s and80s,running families,countries or corporations.Other people,[来源:学科网Z-X K]h owever,despite being fit and highly talented,are forced to retire in their fifties or even earlier because of the regulations of a company or the nation.This essay will examine whether people should be allowed to continue working as long as they want or whether they should be encouraged to retire at a particular stage.

Some people think there are several arguments for allowing older people to continue working as long as they are able.First of all,older employees have an immense amount of knowledge and experience which can be lost to a business or organization if they are made to retire.A second point is that older employees are often extremely loyal employees and are more willing to carry out company policies than younger less committed staff.However,a more important point is regarding the attitudes in society to old people.To force someone to resign or retire at60 indicates that the society does not value the input of these people and that effectively their useful life is over.Age is

irrelevant to a working life,surely if older employees are told they cannot work after60,this is age discrimination. That they become old does not necessarily mean they are going to be sick.Old people could be more aware, experienced and committed than some youngsters.

Others,however,think that allowing older people to work indefinitely is not a good policy.Age alone is no guarantee of ability.Old people are only ambitious workaholics who are too selfish and self-centered to believe that a younger person could do better.Actually,many younger employees have more experience or skills than older staff, who may have been stuck in one area or unit for most of their working lives.Having compulsory retirement allows new ideas in an organization.In addition,without age limits,however,many people would continue to work purely because they did not have any other plans or roles.A third point of view is that older people should be rewarded by society for their life’s labor by being given generous pensions and the freedom to enjoy their leisure.We now have youngsters who can’t find jobs because old people are choosing not to retire.Old people are not retiring because this new generation of“old people”think they will never die due to modern advances in medicine.[来源:学+科网Z X K] With many young people unemployed or frustrated in low-level positions,there are often calls to compulsorily retire older workers.However,thi s can affect the older individual’s freedom and right to work and can deprive(剥[来源:学*科网]夺)society of valuable experience and insights.I feel that giving workers more flexibility and choice over their retirement age will benefit society and the individual.

35.The passage is arranged as follows:

[来源:学*科

【答案】

35.A

9.Salvador Dali(1904-1989)was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over200paintings,sculptures,drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces,most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from1938, works on paper,objects,and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.

The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning,the world of birth.The

exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.

The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限).“From the infinity small to the

infinity large,contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus:amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy

Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,”explains the Pompidou Centre.

The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina

Sofia in Madrid,Spain,and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.

Petersburg.

25.How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?

A.By popularity.

B.By time and subject.

C.By size and shape.

D.By importance.

【答案】

25.B

【解析】

试题分析:本文主要介绍了最受欢迎的现代艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品在巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的细节。学!科网

高考英语阅读理解训练50篇

阅读理解训练50篇(1) 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC.In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1.“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A.the emotion is harmless B.the emotion is harmful C.the feeling is very strong D.the feeling is hard 2.What statement is right? A.Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B.Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C.Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D.Anger may cause you a cancer. 3.Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A.is just the same as B.is more harmful than C.is no better than D.is much better than 4.According to the author, you'd better _________. A.never be angry B.cool it down before you express it C.laugh and laugh when you get angry D.admit you are wrong when you are angry 二

【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案

【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 There might be as many as 10 million species of complex life on this planet today —— a huge number. But add up all of the complex species that ever lived and some biologists think the grand total would be about five billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing conclusion: a staggering 99% of species are not around any more. They have been driven to extinction. More species are joining the ranks of the extinct every year. Many scientists believe we are living through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction, on a scale that has been seen only five times in the last half a billion years. They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause. Over-hunting, overfishing, and human-driven habitat loss are pushing many species to the brink. In fact, we have changed the planet so much that some geologists are now suggesting that we have entered a new phase in Earth's history; an epoch they call the "Anthropocene". By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world's current species. Because we are living through this extinction, it is relatively easy for us to study the driving forces behind it. But how do we determine what caused other mass die-offs that happened long ago? To do so we have to look at what archaeologists, palaeontologists, geologists and other scientists have concluded from the evidence they have gathered. The trouble is, those scientists do not always agree with one another —— even about the most recent extinction event. As well as the five-or six- mass extinctions, there have also been many smaller extinctions. One of these mini extinction events happened towards the end of the Pleistocene, a few tens of thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the "megafaunal" extinction because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However, its cause remains a debate amongst scientists. (1)What can we learn about the sixth mass extinction? A. Humans are the main cause of it. B. It means a global decline over a long time. C. It occurred towards the end of the Pleistocene. D. Scientists still disagree about the cause of it. (2)What can be inferred from the text about species? A. 99% of species will not be around any more by 2100. B. By the 22nd century, there will probably be about five million on this planet. C. About eight years later we will enter what is called the "Anthropocene". D. It is not easy for us to figure out causes behind the"Anthropocene". (3)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ? A. Land animals. B. Marine life. C. Huge animals. D. Flesh-eating creatures.

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习,值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力,即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来,阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是:(1)掌握所读材料的主旨大意,以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节;(2)既理解具体事实,也理解抽象的概念;(3)既理解字面意思,也理解深层含义,包括作者的态度、意图等;(4)既理解某句、某段的意义,也理解全篇的逻辑关系,并能根据文章进行推理和判断;(5)既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解,也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求,试题中常采用如下几种题型:事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计,答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1.首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理,因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感,特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀,从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的,因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事,也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求,试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词,只要认真分析,仔细阅读,这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2.扫读全文,理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章,首先要快速扫读全文,虽为扫读,但不可漫不经心,阅读时也应聚精会神,力求可能多地获取材料信息,只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理,不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。

3.对症下药,各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后,再把短文的问题简单看一遍,弄懂题意,然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息,是为某些特定的问题而阅读,因此阅读时要有较强的针对性,对与问题有关的数据,词句等仔细阅读,认真理解,同时结合不同考查内容的题型,采取如下解题对策: (1)事实询问题:这类试题通常是以疑问词what,who,when,where,why,how 等引起的特殊问句,就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义,然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节,正确估计答案来源,同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息,确认各种信息。 (2)推理判断题:此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思,对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手,根据上下文的内在联系,充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系,人物的动机,以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西,不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考,切勿想当然,凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 (3)数据推算题:此题要求我们就文章提供的数据,以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断,然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时,要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析,若数据信息较多,还要注意弄清数据之间的关系,同时分清有用与无用信息,最终作出正确判断。 (4)主旨大意题:此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句,抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意,因此,只要找准每段的主题句,文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。

高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析

高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸,拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps,back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. (1)Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. (2)Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. (3)Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.

高三英语阅读理解(带详解)

I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. () A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order

高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)

高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. (1)How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.(2)What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. (3)What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.(4)What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】(1)A (2)B (3)D (4)C

(英语)高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案

(英语)高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. (1)It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol (2)What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. (3)Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. (4)Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】(1)A

高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析

高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. (1)How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. (2)Why did the author's parents put him into an English school? A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. (3)What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】(1)A (2)D (3)B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校,并分析了具体原因。 (1)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知,作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档