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高二升高三英语阅读专练之说明文 教师版

高二升高三英语阅读专练之说明文 教师版
高二升高三英语阅读专练之说明文 教师版

高二升高三英语阅读专练之说明文、议论文及应用文

(一) 2012 四川 E

Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(预测)in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.

Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.

Increased carbon dioxide(CO2)in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce

oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth. X kb

1. c m

“Predicting species' reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,” said the researches of several U.S. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate

change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.

Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies The study, published on theand experiments

across four continents and 1,634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.

“Across all species, the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance — for both leafing and flowering — that results from temperature increases,” the study said.

The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.

Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis (光合作用)to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism

on the planet.

Scientists believe the world's average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃every ten years since 1979.

So far, efforts to cut emissions(排放)of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent

the Earth heating up beyond 2℃ this century — a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.

57. What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?

A. Plants' reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystem.

B. The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists' expectation.

C. Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.

D. Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.

Nature website that ______. 58. We can learn from the study published on the

A. plants' flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafing

B. there are 1,634 plant species on the four continents

C. scientists should improve the design of the experiments

D. the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change

59. Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because _______.

A. they can prove the climate change clearly

B. they are very important in the food chains

C. they play a leading role in reducing global warming

D. they are growing and flowering much faster than before

60. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world's temperature?

A. It has risen nearly 0.2℃ since 1979.

B. Its change will lead to weather extremes.

C. It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1990.

D. It needs to be controlled within 2℃ in this century. 进而影响整个食物链及生态系统。文章论述了全球变暖的气候环境会让植物提前生长开花,本文为科普类文章。【本文要点】.

57. B 细节理解题。第一段话给读者传达的主要信息存在于主句,而不是which所引导的定语从句上。根据“Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted”可知,作者是要告知读者植物开花的增速超出了科学家的预期。故选B。A为次要信息。

58. C 推理判断题。第五段话“It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering by

8.5 times and leafing by 4 times”暗示读者:对于植物所设计的实验应该有所改进,故答案选C。

59. B 细节理解题。根据第四段“They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate

change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services”可知植物对气候变化的反应对整个食物链

和生态系统都至关重要。故答案选B。

60. D 推理判断题。从倒数第二段“…has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃ every ten years since 1979”可知A、C项错误;从最后一段叙述可知,如果本世纪地球变暖超过2℃,便会出现weather extremes。暗示我

们这个世纪地球温度的上升需要控制在2℃的范围之内。故答案选D。

(二)2012浙江卷C

Two friends have an argument that bleaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole

thing

got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth

violence, In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment,

but the terrible reality of violence. Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught

to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?

First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students

indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults,

which in

turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.

Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) stay calm. Once

the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and

accusation only add fuel to the emotional fir On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before

it explodes out of control.

After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution; listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting.

Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.

Finally, students need f. consider what they are hearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It

means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask

themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid off As the issue becomes clearer, the

conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.

There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, 4 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt

better about themselves. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,. teachers. parents, bosses, and coworkers.

In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.

50. This article is mainly about .

A. the lives of school children

B. the cause of arguments in schools

C. how to analyze youth violence

D. how to deal with school conflicts

51. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that________ .

A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime

B. a small conflict can lead to violence

C.students tend to lose their temper easily

D.the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight

52. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?

To get ready to buy new things.

B. To find out who to blame. A.

C. To make clear what the real issue is.

D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.

53. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that______.

A. there was a decrease in classroom violence

B. there was less student cooperation in the classroom

C. more teachers fell better about themselves in schools

the teacher-student relationship greatly improved

D.

54. The writer's purpose for writing this article is to_______.

B.teach students different strategies for school life

A.

complain about problems in school education

C.advocate teaching conflict management in schools

https://www.docsj.com/doc/0d18998741.html,rm teachers of the latest studies on school violence

【考点】日常生活类—议论文【文章大意】学生在学校和同学发生冲突在所难免,那么究竟该如何应对呢?本文进行

了分析并给大家提供了一些有效的应对策略。

50.【答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the

way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?和整体理解,可知答案D符合文意。

51.【答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的整体理解,一个小小的三明治都可以导致学生间冲突,由此可以以推知答案B 符合文意。

52.【答案】C

【试题解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段的第二句:It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying

to accomplish.,可以推断出答案C符合文意。

53.【答案】A

【试题解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句:4 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom;可知答案A符合文意。

54.【答案】C

【试题解析】目的意图题。根据文章第一段的最后一句Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the

way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?可知答案C符合文意,其它各项均不符合文意,故排除。

【难度】一般

【长难句解析】Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?鉴于事实情况确实如此,那么我们为什么不像教学生算数学、开车或者保持健康那样来教育学生应对同学间的冲突和摩擦呢?they are taught to solve math problems是定语从句,关系代词that被省略,修饰先行词the way。

Advertising means to draw people's attention to something. It is a central feature of our lives. Sales depend upon it. So does our knowledge of what is available. Read the following adverts and see how much you understand them.

1. About what they advertise, we can safely say that __________ . BBCD

A. Adverts(I)and(Ⅲ)advertise two products

B. Adverts(Ⅲ)and(IV)advertise services

C. Adverts(II)and(Ⅲ)advertise beliefs

D. Adverts(I)and(IV)provide jobs

2. How many adverts are trying to be price competitive?

A. 1.

B. 2.

C. 3.

D. 4.

3. Which of the following statements about the adverts above is NOT true?

A. A newspaper uses one of them in its own newspaper.

B. All of them advertise for the largest number of customers.

C. All of them list the prices.

D. All of them have included contact information.

4. From these examples of adverts, we can conclude that __________.

A. some adverts are provided by newspapers free of charge

B. newspaper is the most common means of advertising

C. advertising is an expensive business

D. adverts should appeal to customers

高二英语阅读理解练习题13

A The first jazz musicians played in New Orleans during the early 1900’s. After 1917, many of the New Orleans musicians moved to the south side of Chicago, where they continued to play their style of Jazz. Soon Chicage was the new center for jazz. Several out standing musicians appeared as leading jazz artists in Chicago. Daniel Louis “Satchmo” Armstrong, born in New Orleans in 1900, was one. Another leading musician was Joseph “King” Oliver, who was also believed with having discovered Armstrong when they were both in New Orleans. While in Chicago, Oliver asked Armstrong, who was in New Orleans, to join his band. In 1923 King Oliver’ Creole Jazz Band made the first important set of recordings by a Black band in the history of jazz. The Red Hot Peppers band led by Jelly Roll Morton and the Hot Five and Hot Seven Bands under Louis Armstrong also made recordings of special note. Although Chicago’s South side was the main jazz center, some musicians in New York were also demanding attention in jazz circles. In 1923 Fletcer Henderson already had a ten-piece band that played jazz. During the early 1930’s, the number of players grew to sixteen, Henderson’s band was considered a leader in what some people have called the Big Band Era. By the 1930’s, big dance bands w ere the rage. Large numbers of people went to ballrooms to dance to jazz music played by big bands. One of the most popular and long a very famous jazz band was the Duke Ellington Band. Edward “Duke” Ellington was born in Washton, D.C, in 1899 and died in New York City in 1974. He studied the piano as a young boy and later began writing original musical compositions. The first of Ellington’s European tours came in 1933. He soon received international fame for his talent as a band leader, composer, and arranger. Ten years later, Ellington began giving annual concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City. People began to listen to jazz in the same way that they had always listened to classical music. 1.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To compare jazz to other types of music. B.To criticize jazz musicians and their music. C.To describe the careers of important jazz musicians in the 1930’s. D.To trace the development of jazz in the United States. 2.It can be inferred from the passage that Louis Armstrong went to Chicago for which of the following reasons? A.to form his own band. B.To learn to play Chicago-style jazz. C.To play in Joseph Oliver’s band. D.To make recordings with the Hot Five. 3.According to the passage, which of the following Black bands was the first to make a significant set of jazz recordings? A.The hot Sevsn band. B.Fletcher Henderson’s band. C.The red hot Peppers band. D.King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band. 4.The passage supports which of the following conclusions? A.By the 1930’s jazz was appreciated by a wide audience. B.Classical music had a great hit on jazz. C.Jazz was born in New Orleans in the early 19th century. D.Jazz bands were better known in Europe than in the United States. 5.Which of the following cities is NOT mentioned in the passage as a center of Jazz? A.New York B.Washton, D. C C.Chicago

(英语)高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析

(英语)高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 Flying for a long time, you finally arrive at the place where you can relax—your hotel room. Now you throwyour bag on the bed, turn on the TV and watch an international news programme on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA. The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN. With an audience of over 1.5 billion people, these are popular channels that offer good-quality news programmes. In both companies, the journalists are experienced writers that produce journalism of a high standard. However, there are alternative news channels which people watch because they want a less traditional or non-Western view on world events. Russia Today and Al Jazeera International, an Arabic company, are international channels that broadcast in English. Both companies say they give a fresh view on big stories, and their experienced journalists often report from places where Western journalists do not work, and so they give us stories that we don't normally see. The Internet offers more variety. OneWorldTV is an Internet site where you can find stories about the developing world and human rights, rather than the usual stories about US politics and business. The writers for this company are often local people who write the stories for free. This non-professional journalism is increasing, and it certainly offers more choices. This increase in citizen journalism means that you can write the news, too. Main news broadcasters often use photographs and stories that members of the general public send to them, especially when there is a dramatic breaking news story. Besides this, some blogs are popular sources of news, and the website NowPublic lets you write stories using information you can get from anywhere, including sites like Youtube, Flickr and Twitter. (1)The first paragraph is meant to . A. offer a suggestion B. give a warning C. explain a reason D. introduce the topic (2)It can be learned from the text that more and more people will . A. prefer to read local news B. pay more attention to world news C. start a career in citizen journalism D. give up watching TV news programmes (3)What would be the best title for the text? A. The Latest Local News B. More Choices for News C. The End of TV News D. Traditional World News 【答案】(1)D (2)C (3)B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了市民可以观看的新闻媒体。有些新闻来自国家(正式新闻);有些新闻来自民间,这种民间的非正式媒体新闻正呈上升趋势;市民还可以在网上发布一些新闻。 (1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ watch an international news program on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA.”和第二段中的“The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN”可以推断出第一段是引子,是为了引出下文的话题(介绍BBC World和

高考英语阅读理解三篇

(A ) A coal-fire stove(炉灶)provided heating for Zhao Yaoqin's courtyard bungalow in a Beijing hutong all her life. This winter, however, the stove has disappeared from the 66-year-old's life, and an electric radiator takes its place beside her bed, a product of a government to use clean energy in the national capital. With the Olympics to be staged in Beijing next August, the city is determined to eliminate the use of coal within the Third Ring Road that circles the city before the Games. The project to replace the stoves with electric radiators has been part of the effort. When the city's four-month long heating season started on Thursday, coal-fired stoves, known as a big source of pollution in the big city, have disappeared from some 20,000 local households like Zhao's bungalow in the inner city "hutong" -- traditional alleyways(小巷) that date back centuries. "We used to boil water or bake bread on the stove," said Zhao, sounding sentimental(伤感) to the disappearance of the coal furnace from her life. Late in the 1990s, Beijing's air quality monitoring office found that the emissions(排放) of sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide from the hutong areas have been higher than the city's average in winter, mainly because of the coal stoves. With the project to switch to clean energy for heating launched in 1999, the emission level of the two poisonous substances decreased by 42 percent and 44 percent, respectively, this year from 2001 levels. Zhao said the fee for electrical heat for the entire winter was usually around 2,400 yuan (US$323) per household. With the government's subsidy(补贴), however, she only needed to pay about 500 yuan, nearly the same price as that for coal. 1.Zhao Yaoqin’ example in the passage is to tell us that_______. A.people in Beijing using electric radiators to welcome the Olympics. B.people in Beijing are doing something to protect the environment. C.hutongs in Beijing have a long history. D.People pay more money to use electric radiators than before. 2. The underlined word eliminate probably means________ A. cut down. B. increase. C. get rid of. D. replace 3. We can infer from the passage that ______ A. Zhao Yaoqin has a strong and deep emotion with the use of coal-fire stove. B. The government will pay most of the fee. C. The air of Beijing has been badly polluted since 1990s. D. The people do not use coal eight months in one year. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The clean air is important when the Olympics Games is held in Beijing. B. The success of the Olympics Games depends on the clean air. C. The government spare no effort to make the environment better. D. The emission level of poisonous substances will be low in 2008.

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3.对症下药,各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后,再把短文的问题简单看一遍,弄懂题意,然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息,是为某些特定的问题而阅读,因此阅读时要有较强的针对性,对与问题有关的数据,词句等仔细阅读,认真理解,同时结合不同考查内容的题型,采取如下解题对策: (1)事实询问题:这类试题通常是以疑问词what,who,when,where,why,how 等引起的特殊问句,就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义,然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节,正确估计答案来源,同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息,确认各种信息。 (2)推理判断题:此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思,对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手,根据上下文的内在联系,充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系,人物的动机,以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西,不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考,切勿想当然,凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 (3)数据推算题:此题要求我们就文章提供的数据,以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断,然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时,要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析,若数据信息较多,还要注意弄清数据之间的关系,同时分清有用与无用信息,最终作出正确判断。 (4)主旨大意题:此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句,抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意,因此,只要找准每段的主题句,文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。

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阅读理解 21 Everybody wants to be healthy. You know food is very important. There are many healthy foods. You can have more bananas, apples, oranges, tomatoes and lettuce because fruits and vegetables are good for you. But don't eat too much chocolate. It 's not good for you. But don 't eat too much chocolate. It 's not good healthy food. Healthy food can make you grow and make you strong and happy. Rememberthere is a saying, “ An apple a day keeps the doctor away. ” Sports can also keep you healthy. Get up early a nd do some sports every day. Don 't be lazy! You will be healthy and happy. 1. Which is right? _______ A. Everybody is healthy. B. We want to be healthy. C. We are important. 2. What are healthy foods? _ A. Fruits and vegetables. B. Bananas, apples and chocolate. C. Fruits and chocolate. 3. Why are healthy foods good for you? ____ A. They make you happy. B. They make you grow strong.

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