历年上海英语翻译考试中级口译英译汉原文真题及参考答案

历年上海英语翻译考试中级口译英译汉原文真题及参考答案

原文

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.

A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.

We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.

参考答案

世界上大部分气候学家已经使他们自己及许多普通民众(包括一些政界人士)确信，地球的气候正处于变化之中;对人类而言，这一变化正日趋严重;罪魁祸首是人类活动，其表现形式为过量排放二氧化碳之类的温室气体。

但是，仍有一小部分人对此持怀疑态度。一些人表示，虽然近期的数据表明地球的平均气温正在升高，但其原因是太阳辐射的自然波动，这一趋势可能临近结束。另一些人认为并没有决定性证据表明近现代的地球温度高于古代。

我们认为，全球变暖是人类面临的严重威胁，世界各国需要采取措施，竭力

避免这一问题。这是政治家的职责。但是我们也相信气候变化并不是必然的。科学无绝对。盛行的理论必须不断得到实际证据的检验。一旦搜集到了新的证据，就需要进行再次验证。这是科学家的任务。

新东方解析

本次中口英译汉的文章节选自《经济学人》(The Economist)网站2009年11月26日的文章A heated debate，属于环保类题材，文字难度偏低。各段的考点毫无新意，都是在课上反复讲解并训练过的技巧。考生应该保证在这一篇上拿到高分。

文章一共三段，难度相对较大的是第一段，整段是一句长句，其结构非常清晰：A have convinced themselves and B that 1; that 2; and that 3.中文大意是A(气候学家)使自己及B(普通民众)确信三件事情。只要把整句结构理顺，之后只要“填空”即可。三件事情依次是：地球的气候正处于变化之中;对人类而言，这一变化正日趋严重;罪魁祸首是人类活动，其表现形式为过量排放二氧化碳之类的温室气体。

第二段是第一段的对照，主要讲述另一部分人的观点。第一句话(A minority, though, are sceptical.)中minority呼应了第一段中的majority，其中的though作插于语使用表转折功能，这一考点在中口以前的英译汉文章里考过。之后段落继续分出两条支线，细述两部分反对者的观点。句法层面没有难点，词汇层面注意单词explain。在中口的课上反复强调过上下文定词义，同学不要一看到explain就翻成“解释”，而是需要根据具体的语境选择精致的释义。在这里，A are explained by B直译为A能够被B解释略带翻译腔，其实这一结构只是表示原因，所以还不如译为更为简洁的“因为”。

第三段给出了作者自己的观点，主要是对政治家和科学家分别提出了期望。比较重要的一句是倒数第二句，其中的被动语态需要处理到位。英语多被动，汉语多主动，这一英汉差异需要在翻译中进行转化。theories must be constantly tested against evidence可以翻成理论必须得到证据的检验，也可以添加泛指性主语“我

们”翻成我们需要用证据对理论进行检验。

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