英语语言学方向论文题目

商务英语专业毕业论文选题参考.doc

商务英语专业毕业论文选题参考 1 商务英语的语言特色 2 "商务行话"在商务交流中的运用 3 商务谈判成功要素 4 商务交流意义初探 5 商务英语翻译技巧 6 涉外商务的沟通技巧 7 商标名称的翻译与策略 8 商务英语信函的用语特征分析(an analytical term features of english business correspondence ) 9 商务英语谈判中的礼貌策略研究(on the politeness strategies in english business environment ) 10 商务英语沟通中的文化因素(on cultural elements integrated into business english teaching ) 11 商务英语谈判的文化差异毕业论文参考网整理收集论文 商务英语谈判中"赞同"与"否决"句型的巧用 13 the features of business english 商务英语语言特点 14 etiquette in business activities 商务活动中商务礼仪

15 the cultural comparison in business activities 商务活动中的中西方文化差异 16 a study on problems in business letter writing 商务信函写作问题研究 17 business communication skills in a company 涉外公司商务沟通技巧 18 商号(商标、公司)名称等的翻译 19 广告英语及其翻译 20 a study of interpretation skills in english-chinese and chinese-english 商务口译技巧 21 advantages and disadvantages of students from business english major in the talent market 商务英语专业毕业生在人才市场竞争中的优势和劣势 22 中西文化差异及其翻译 23 论在线翻译对英语翻译或学习的影响 24 论文化因素对英汉翻译的影响 25 英语习语与英美文化 26 中西文化中的色彩语比较 27 towards a certain skill or principle of translation 某一翻译技巧或原则 28 translation of english idioms 习语的翻译 29 cultural factors and limitations of translation

英语翻译专业毕业论文选题

“论文学翻译过程” “语义翻译和交际翻译理论在英汉翻译中的运用” “英语句子成分的省略及汉译” “文学翻译中隐喻的传译” 一、选题范围 1、翻译与文化：可以从宏观和微观两个方面考虑。宏观方面，一般从翻译在目的 语社会文化中的生产、接受、翻译在目的语社会文化中所起的功能等角度讨论， 可以从社会、文化、历史、交际的视角切入。阐述为什么有那样的译文？如严复的翻译，林纾的翻译，傅东华翻译《漂》时为什么使用归化的手段，鲁迅翻译的策略，翻译材料的选择等等。微观方面，可以讨论语言文字所承载的文化内容和内涵如 何在翻译中表达，如文化负载词的翻译策略等。 2、翻译与语言学理论：可以从篇章语言学，功能语言学（如喊韩礼德的系统功 能理论等），对比语言学，心理语言学，交际语言学、文化语言学等方面考虑选题。如功能语言学和篇章语言学中讨论的衔接与连贯及其翻译，也可以讨论他们在英语和汉语中的差别入手，进一步讨论他们在翻译中的处理，主位、述位的推进极其在翻译中的体现。英语汉语对比及其翻译策略等等。 3、翻译与语文学。主要从艺术的角度讨论文学翻译中的问题。 4、应用翻译：主要从特殊用途英语如商务英语、科技英语、旅游英语等方面 讨论在这些特殊领域中涉及的翻译问题如何处理。如旅游宣传资料的翻译等。 5、译文对比：可以是同一篇文章、同一本书，不同的译者在同以时期或不同时 期进行的翻译做的对比，也可以是同一个译者对同一篇文章或书在不同时期的翻 译的对比；可以是翻译技巧等微观层面的对比，也可以是宏观曾面的对比，以探索为什么在不同时期译者回采取不同的策略，有哪些社会的、文化的、政治的、 意识形态的原因？ 6、翻译及评论：首先选择一篇长文，一般是文学作品且没有人翻译过，进行 翻译，翻译完后，从上述五个方面选择一个理论视角对自己的翻译进行评论。 7、译者风格。 8、翻译与美学。 二、选题方法： 上述各个方面均可写出几本甚至几十本专著，因此大家从上述方面可以选出一个写作的范围。缩小选题范围：首先是广泛浏览上述各有关方面翻译研究资料，以确定自己对哪方面感兴趣且有话可说，这是缩小范围的第一步。然后在自己感兴

翻译论文选题方向汇总

翻译论文选题方向汇总文件编码（008-TTIG-UTITD-GKBTT-PUUTI-WYTUI-8256）

The Characteristics of Athletic English and Its Translation 体育英语的特点及翻译翻译？The Semantic Contrast of Color Words between English and Chinese and t h e i r T r a n s l a t i o n 中英颜色词的语义对比及翻译翻译？Chinese Reduplicated Words and their Translation into English 汉语叠词及其英译翻译？ B r a n d T r a n s l a t i o n 商标翻译翻译？On Translating Methods of Numerals between Chinese and English中英数字的翻译方法翻译？Literal and Free Translation in the Translation of Advertisement H e a d l i n e s a n d S l o g a n s 广告用语的直译和意译翻译？O n t h e T r a n s l a t i o n o f C h i n e s e T r a d e M a r k i n t o E n g l i s h 中文商标的英译翻译？ C u l t u r e D i f f e r e n c e s a n d T r a n s l a t i o n

英语语言学概论复习

《英语语言学概论》复习纲要 1.复习的基本原则：第一，理解和吃透各章的重点内容。第二，以 各章的题目为统领，理解各章节下的具体内容。第三，动手书写和记忆重要内容，部分语言学理论会应用到实际中。 2.各章节复习要点如下 Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Definitions of the following terms: language, linguistics, arbitrariness, duality, creativity, displacement, descriptive VS prescriptive, synchronic VS diachronic, langue VS parole, competence VS performance Study of the origin of language What are the functions of language Which subjects are included in macrolinguistics Chapter 2 Speech Sounds Definitions of the following terms: articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics, auditory phonetics, phonetics, phonology, consonants, vowels, allophones, broad transcription VS narrow transcription Analyze the complementary distribution, free variation with examples The classification of English consonants and English vowels and the features involved in the classification Understand some processes of phonology: nasalization, dentalization, velarization

很全-很详细的商务英语论文题目

商务英语论文题目 1、论文化因素对英汉翻译的影响 2、商务英语的特点及翻译技巧 3、商务函电翻译的用词技巧 4、商标名称的翻译与策略 5、汉语中新词汇的翻译技巧 6、商务谈判中的语言艺术 7、商务谈判的文化障碍 8、商务英语函电在对外贸易中的作用 9、商务英语函电翻译技巧 10、商务谈判中英语的重要性 11、浅谈商务英语写作时避免修饰语错位的方法 12、礼仪在商务谈判中的作用 13、浅谈涉外合同英语特色 14、电子商务对国际贸易的影响及对策 15、商务谈判的艺术性 16、跨文化的商务谈判 17、商务英语交往中的礼貌原则 18、如何翻译好日常商务文书 19、商务英语信函的语体分析 20、浅谈商务信函的文体特征 21、英语商务信函和合同中被动语态的语用意义及其翻译 22、商务英语汉英翻译中从句的运用技巧 23、论跨文化因素对商业广告英语翻译的影响 24、跨文化商务交际中的语言和非语言因素 25、浅谈英语告示语的语言特色与翻译 26、商务英语阅读研究 27、商务英语写作问题研究 28、商务英语考试技巧研究 29、商务英语听力策略研究 30、英语口语或语法在商务领域中的应用 31、商务函电交流研究 32、商务英语学习方法 33、跨文化交际与中西文化冲突 34、国际商务中的跨文化交际问题 35、商务谈判中的跨文化冲突 36、国际商务谈判中应注意的文化因素 37、国际商务谈判中的“文化壁垒” 38、广告英语的分类及分析 39、虚拟语气与商务英语表达 40、跨文化交际在商务英语学习中的运用 41、商务英语学习中跨文化交际能力的培养 42、商务英语在国际营销中的作用

43、术语在国际商务中的重要性 44、商务谈判语言技巧 45、浅析跨文化交际中的商务礼仪 46、例析论网络环境下商务英语的拓展学习模式 47、浅析商务英语汇商务英语中俚语的风格及翻译 48、商务英语教学中英语知识与商务知识的关系 49、商务英语中以谓语动词为中心的基本句型的翻译 50、商务英语的语言特色探讨 51、反译法在商务英语中的应用 52、奈达“等值”理论于商务英语翻译中的理解和应用 53、商务英语中的平行结构及其翻译方法 54、语用原则在商务英语应用中的度范畴 55、商务英语语篇文体特征分析 56、商务英语常用单词的多义现象例析 57、商务英语中的委婉表达及其翻译 58、商务英语翻译中的跨文化因素 59、商务英语中书面语言的文体特征及语用分析 60、社会文化迁移对中国式英语的影响 61、英语写作中常见中式英语分析 62、汉译英中遇到新词语的译法问题 63、美国英语习语与文化 64、中美日常交际中的文化差异 65、中西方文化差异及语言体现 商务英语论文题目|商务英语毕业论文题目参考 一、英语论文基本格式 1、毕业论文结构包括：主标题、论文摘要、正文（一般不少于5000字）、注释、参考书目，注释统一用尾注。 2、板式：毕业论文一律用计算机打印。（使用A4规格打印，每页30行） 二、阅读类参考题目以下参考题目对应的范文请到VIP留学生论文网下载，如需原创论文需与在线辅导老师沟通。 1、持续性交际法对商务英语学习者口语和写作能力提高的研究分析 2、商务英语文体学分析 3、语篇功能对等视角的商务英语翻译 4、高职商务英语专业实践课程开发 5、关联理论在商务英语阅读教学中的应用 6、成人商务英语教学中学生自主学习能力的培养 7、功能对等理论视角下的商务英语翻译 8、中职商务英语教学中跨文化交际意识的培养 9、论商务英语翻译中的文化转向 10、职前学生商务英语词汇教学法探索 11、商务英语中模糊语言的应用及其语用分析 12、从目的论角度看国际商务英语翻译的质量评估 13、高职院校商务英语精读教学中的任务型教学法 14、词典类型对翻译与习得商务英语新词作用的实证研究

英语语言学毕业论文(精选多篇)

英语语言学毕业论文(精选多篇) 第一篇：英语专业毕业论文：社会语言学the definition of sociolinguistics and its characteristic 外语系06接本6班尹珊珊24号 [abstract]sociolinguistics is a term including the aspects of linguistics applied toward the connections between language and society, and the way we use it in different social situations. it ranges from the study of the wide variety of dialects across a given region down to the analysis between the way men and women speak to one another. sociolinguistics often shows us the humorous realities of human speech and how a dialect of a given language can often describe the age, sex, and social class of the speaker; it codes the social function of a language. [key words] sociolinguisticssociolinguistics variationsocial function [content]sociolinguistics is the study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used. it also studies how lects differ between groups separated by certain social variables, e.g., ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level of education, etc., and how creation and adherence to these rules is used to categorize individual socio-economic classes. as the usage of a language varies from place to place, and language usage varies among social classes. it is socialists that sociolinguistics studies.

英语翻译翻译方向论文题目

English Novel Title Translation: A Skopostheorie Perspective 英语小说标题的翻译:一个Skopostheorie透视图 The Translation of Fuzziness in the Dialogue of Fortress Besieged from the Perspective of Relevance Theory翻译的模糊性的对话《围城》从关联理论的角度 On Domestication Strategy in Advertisement Slogan Translation 在归化策略在广告口号的翻译 Reproduction of “Three Beauties” in the Translation of the Poems in The Journey to the West 繁殖的“三美”翻译的诗歌在西游记 A Comparative Study of Interjection Translation in Teahouse from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence一个比较研究,在茶馆的感叹词翻译功能对等的角度 Public Signs Translation from the Perspective of Functionalist Theory --Taking Shaoyang City as an Example公共标志的翻译的角度,从实用主义的理论——以邵阳城市作为一个例子 The Application of Skopostheory in the Business Advertisement Translation Skopostheory的应用在商业广告翻译 Relevance Theory Applied in the Translation of Neologism 关联理论应用于翻译的新词 Domestication and Foreignization in the Translation of Tourist Texts 归化和异化在翻译旅游文本 A Comparative Study of the Two English Versions of Lun Y u by James Legge and Ku Hongming from Translator's Subjectivity一个比较研究的两个英文版本的Lun Yu詹姆斯Legge和Ku Hongming从译者的主体性 On the Translation and Functions of Metaphor in Advertisements 在翻译和函数中隐喻的广告 C-E Translation of Film Titles from the Perspective of Adaptation Theory 汉英翻译的电影片名的角度,从适应理论 Pun Advertisements Translation From the Perspective of Adaptation Theory 广告双关语翻译的角度,从适应理论 Analysis of the Translation Strategies of the Culture-loading Words in the English Version of Journey to the West分析的翻译策略在英语文化加载字版的西游记 On Business Letter Translation under the Guidance of Conversational Implicature Theory 在商务信函翻译的指导下,会话含义理论 On the Translation of Puns in English Advertising 在翻译双关语在英语广告 Advertising Translation in the View of Skopos Theory 广告翻译目的论的观点 A study on Trademark Translation from the Perspective of Reception Aesthetics 商标翻译的研究从接受美学的角度

英语语言学第1-3章课后练习题

《新编简明英语语言学教程》第二版第1-3章练习题参考答案 Chapter 1 Introduction P13 1. How do you interpret the following definition of linguistics: Linguistics is the scientific study of language？ 答：Linguistics is based on the systematic investigation of linguistic data, conducted with reference to some general theory of language structure. In order to discover the nature and rules of the underlying language system, the linguists has to collect and observe language facts first, which are found to display some similarities, and generalizations are made about them; then he formulates some hypotheses about the language structure. The hypotheses thus formed have to be checked repeatedly against the observed facts to fully prove their validity. In linguistics, as in any other discipline, data and theory stand in a dialectical complementation, that is, a theory without the support of data can hardly claim validity, and data without being explained by some theory remain a muddled mass of things. 2. What are the major branches of linguistics? What does each of them study? 答：The major branches of linguistics are: (1) phonetics: it studies the sounds used in linguistic communication; (2) phonology: it studies how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication; (3) morphology: it studies the way in which linguistic symbols representing sounds are arranged and combined to form words; (4) syntax: it studies the rules which govern how words are combined to form grammatically permissible sentences in languages; (5) semantics: it studies meaning conveyed by language; (6) pragmatics: it studies the meaning in the context of language use. 3. In what basic ways does modern linguistics differ from traditional grammar? 答：The general approach thus traditionally formed to the study of language over the years is roughly referred to as “t raditional gramma r.” Modern linguistics differs from traditional g rammar in several basic ways. Firstly, linguistics is descriptive while traditional grammar is prescriptive. Second, modem linguistics regards the spoken language as primary, not the written. Traditional grammarians, on the other hand, tended to emphasize, maybe over-emphasize, the importance of the written word, partly because of its permanence. Then, modem linguistics differs from traditional grammar also in that it does not force languages into a Latin-based framework. 4. Is modern linguistics mainly synchronic or diachronic? Why? 答：In modem linguistics, a synchronic approach seems to enjoy priority over a diachronic one. Because people believed that unless the various states of a language in different historical periods are successfully studied, it would be difficult to describe the changes that have taken place in its historical development. 5. For what reasons does modern linguistics give priority to speech rather than to writing? 答：Speech and writing are the two major media of linguistic communication. Modem linguistics regards the spoken language as the natural or the primary medium of human language for some obvious reasons. From the point of view of linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing. The writing system of any langu age is always “invented” by its users to record speech when the need arises. Even in today's world there are still many languages that can only be spoken but not written. Then in everyday communication, speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed. And also, speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue, and writing is learned and taught later when he goes to school. For modern linguists, spoken language reveals many true features of human speech while written language is only the “revised” record of spe ech. Thus their data for investigation and analysis are mostly drawn from everyday speech, which they regard as authentic.

专业导论课论文：论商务英语专业中“商务”与“英语”的关系

东北财经大学国际商务外语学院商务英语专业导论课程作业 题目:论商务英语专业中“商务”与“英语”的关系 年级:2013级 班级:商务英语一班 姓名: 学号: 2013.12.18

目录： 一．前言 二．对商务英语专业的认识 1.什么是商务英语专业 2.为什么会出现这个专业 三．“商务”和“英语”关系 1.英语是基础和主体 2.商务为核心 3.“英语”与“商务”相结合四．结语 五．参考文献

内容摘要：如何认识商务英语，以英语为基础，商务为核心，英语与商务有机结合，顺应经济全球化，世界经济一体化的潮流，成为专业型人才。 一．前言 作为一名刚刚踏入大学的我来说，商务英语专业即使我未来四年的专业，也是我未来求职的方向。在这四年的开始阶段，《专业导论》课给了我对这个并不陌生的专业一个更全面的认识，因为这不仅仅是英语，在“英语”前面还有两个字“商务”。下面我就简单论述一下我对这两个词之间关系的看法。 二．对商务英语专业的认识 1.什么是商务英语专业 商务英语专业，从字面上来看，这是将商务和英语相结合的一个专业，在我看来，这个专业是在具备本专业的基本理论知识（如政治理论，数学，语文，计算机等）的前提下，以培养学生的英语基本能力（英语听、说、读、写、译等方面）为目标，加以商务专业知识（经济、会计、市场营销等方面），旨在培养具有英语交际能力和商务实践能力，在从事各种商务活动并能从事其他英语环境需要的应用型人才。商务英语的特点主要在于其教学的专业化、口语化和较强的针对性。因此可以说，商务英语专业是一个注重基本能力与实践能力实用型专业。 2.为什么会出现这个专业 我们都知道，在中国英语专业出现的时间已经非常久远了，而作为英语专业的一个延伸专业，商务英语专业出现则并不长，那为什么会出现这样一个专业，而且日渐热门与重要呢？ 随着改革开放以后中国市场经济的发展，在中国的市场更加深入地融入到国际经济社会之中时，国内人才市场由于大批外资公司的登陆，对英语的人才的需求也愈来愈大，而且需要的不仅仅是语言的水平，更是一种实际综合素质的提高。此时，原本的英语专业毕业人才，

商务英语毕业论文范文

学号：20125061824 商务英语写作论文 学院：外国语学院 专业：商务英语 年级： 2 0 1 2 级 姓名：胜男 论文题目：Implication of Cultural Differences on International Business Negotiations 指导教师：李晶漪职称：副教授成绩： 2014 年6 月19 日

Contents Abstract (3) Key words (4) 摘要 (4) 关键词 (4) 1.Introduction (4) 2. Types of Culture Differences (5) 2.1 Value View (5) 2.2. Negotiating Style (5) 2.3. Thinking Model (6) 3. Impact of Cultural Differences on International Business Negotiations (6) 3.1Impact of Value Views Differences on International Business Negotiations (7) 3.2 Impact of Negotiating Style Differences on International Business Negotiations (7) 3.3 Impact of Thinking Model Differences on International Business Negotiation8 4. Coping Strategy of Negotiating across Cultures (9) 4.1 Making Preparations before Negotiation. (9) 4.2 Overcoming Cultural Prejudice (10) 4.3 Conquering Communication Barriers (10) 5. Conclusion (11) Bibliography (12)

翻译论文选题方向汇总

The Characteristics of Athletic English and Its Translation 体育英语的特点及翻译翻译？The Semantic Contrast of Color Words between English and Chinese and their T r a n s l a t i o n 中英颜色词的语义对比及翻译翻译？Chinese Reduplicated Words and their Translation into English 汉语叠词及其英译翻译？ B r a n d T r a n s l a t i o n 商标翻译翻译？On Translating Methods of Numerals between Chinese and English中英数字的翻译方法翻译？Literal and Free Translation in the Translation of Advertisement Headlines a n d S l o g a n s 广告用语的直译和意译翻译？O n t h e T r a n s l a t i o n o f C h i n e s e T r a d e M a r k i n t o E n g l i s h 中文商标的英译翻译？ C u l t u r e D i f f e r e n c e s a n d T r a n s l a t i o n

文化差异和翻译翻译？ C h a r a c t e c i s t i c s a n d T r a n s l a t i o n o f A d v e n t i s e m e n t 广告英语的特征及其翻译翻译？P r i n c i p l e s a n d M e t h o d s o n B r a n d-T r a n s l a t i o n 商标翻译的原则和方法翻译？The Study on Features of Advertising and its Translation 广告语的点及其翻译翻译？Non-Correspondence in English-Chinese Translation of Color Words中英文翻译中颜色词的非对应翻译？ A S t u d y o n t h e T r a n s l a t i o n o f M o v i e T i t l e s 电影片名的翻译翻译？On the Cultural Signification of Animal Idioms and Translation 动物俚语文化含义与翻译翻译？T h e T r a n s l a t i o n o f C o l o r T e r m s 试论颜色词的翻译翻译？ A comparative Study of the Old Man and the Sea---Concerning the Perfection i n L i t e r a r y T r a n s l a t i o n

英语论文语言学方向选题课件.

语言学方向论文选题 1.浅谈英汉句子结构差异 2.诗意的美和喜剧性幽默 3.英汉禁忌语、委婉语的对比研究 4.英汉数字习语的对比研究 5.词义演变的原因与方式 6.名词化的语篇功能 7.诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响 8.浅谈英语虚拟语气及其语用功能 9.隐喻与一词多义的关系 10.英汉被动句对比研究 11.英汉宾语类型差异的认知原因 12.英汉动词非谓语用法比较研究 13.英汉否定问句的答句对比研究 14.英汉合成词构词对比研究 15.英汉名词短语修饰模式比较 16.英汉拟声词异同探讨 17.英汉人称代词运用对比研究 18.英语复合词的语义分析及其类型 19.英语委婉语的使用原则与策略 20.语境对词义的制约作用 21.汉英色彩词汇的对比研究及其象征意义 22.中英恭维语对比研究 23.委婉语的礼貌原则研究及策略 24.汉英“山丘”对比研究 25.英汉颜色词跨域对比分析—以RED和红为例 26.英语道歉方式的策略及研究 27.英语拒绝言语行为研究 28.英语委婉语的寒暄功能 29.英语请求言语的策略研究

30.英语课堂教师提问的策略研究 31.会话得体：会话者的立场语境运用研究 32.英语课堂学生提问的策略研究 33.英语课堂的焦虑现象及策略研究 34.广告口号语的语言特点 35.从礼貌原则看短信语言 36.从合作原则看课堂师生互动 37.浅析中英言语行为中的礼貌原则 38.中英政治新闻报道中的模糊语言研究 39.言语错误分析理论在教学中的应用 40.英汉颜色词的引申义的文化差别 41.外语学习中应该重视中介语的作用 42.浅谈英汉句子结构差异 43.副词EVER的句法环境和语义特征 44.论文化差异与英语教学中的文化导入 45.学习者的动机因素对外语学习的影响 46.浅谈词汇搭配错误分析及其应对策略 47.浅析英语语言中的性别歧视现象 48.礼貌原则在商务英语写作中的应用 49.中英文性别歧视习语的对比研究 50.称谓语使用中的性别差异 51.从认知角度看隐喻在经济语篇中的应用 52.浅析广告语言的特点 53.浅谈英语新词的产生、构成及翻译 54.浅谈网络英语中的缩略语。 55.论中英文化对隐喻的影响 56.礼貌原则在商务谈判中的作用 57.浅析英汉语言中的性别歧视现象及其根源 58.英诗中的常用修辞研究 59.英语词汇中的外来语单词

英语专业毕业论文选题

英语系毕业论文选题参考 以下选题包括语言及语言学、英美文学、翻译理论及实践等方面。所有选题仅作参考。 Part One LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS 语言及语言学 1． On Attitude and Motivation in Second Language Learning论第二语言学习的态度及动机 2． Needs Analysis of English Language learners英语语言学习者的需求分析 3． On Teacher-Learner Classroom Communication论教师——学习者课堂交流 4． Influence of Science and Technology on English Vocabulary科学技术对英语词汇的影响 5． A study of English Transitional Words and Expressions英语过渡词及表达法的研究 6.Sex Differentiation and Sexism in English Language英语中的性别及性别歧视 7. Pragmatic Failures in Communication交际中的语用失误探析 8.Euphemistic Expressions in English Language 英语中的委婉语表达 9..On the Functions of Ambiguity in English论英语歧义的功能 10.On Chinese-English Linguistic Taboos论汉英语言禁忌 11.On Cultural Context and its influence toward English learning 论文化语境及其对英语学习的影响 12.Symbolism in Idiomatic Expressions论习语中的象征意义 13.Linguistic Features of Abraham Lincoln’s Address论林肯演说的语言特征 14.A Study of student-Centered English Vocabulary Teaching以学生为中心的英语词汇教学 15.Application of English Idioms in Daily Life英语习语在日常生活中的运用

新编简明英语语言学教程何兆熊第五章笔记和习题

Chapter 5 Semantics ?Semantics----the study of language meaning. ?Semantics is defined as the study of meaning. However, it is not the only linguistic discipline that studies meaning. ?Semantics answers the question “what does this sentence mean”. In other w ords, it is the analysis of conventional meanings in words and sentences out of context. ?Meaning is central to the study of communication. ?Classification of lexical meanings. Here are G. Leech’s seven types of meaning. ( British linguist) ? 1. Conceptual meaning (also called denotative or cognitive meaning) is the essential and inextricable part of what language is, and is widely regarded as the central factor in verbal communication. It means that the meaning of words may be discussed in terms of what they denote or refer to. ? 2. Connotative meaning – the communicative value an expression has by virtue of what it refers to, embraces the properties of the referent, peripheral ? 3. Social meaning (stylistic meaning) –what is conveyed about the social circumstances of the use of a linguistic expression ? 4. Affective meaning (affected meaning)– what is communicated of the feeling or attitude of the speaker/writer towards what is referred to ? 5. Reflected meaning – what is communicated through association with another sense of the same expression ?Taboos ? 6. Collocative meaning – the associated meaning a word acquires in line with the meaning of words which tend to co-occur with it ?(2, 3, 4, 5, 6 can be together called associative meaning–meaning that hinges on referential meaning, less stable, more culture-specific ) 7. Thematic meaning—what is communicated by the way in which the message is organized in terms of order ?What is meaning?---- Scholars under different scientific backgrounds have different understandings of language meaning. Some views concerning the study of meaning ?Naming theory (Plato) ?The conceptualist view ?Contextualism (Bloomfield) ?Behaviorism Naming theory (Plato): Words are names or labels for things. The linguistic forms or symbols, in other words, the words used in a language are taken to be labels of the objects they stand for; words are just names or labels for things ?Limitations: 1) Applicable to nouns only. 2) There are nouns which denote things that do not exist in the real world, e.g. ghost, dragon, unicorn, phenix… 3) There are nouns that do not refer to physical objects but abstract notions, e.g. joy, impulse, hatred…