2019大学英语六级试题真题

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the

importance of mutual understanding and respect in interpersonal relationships. You

should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of

each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the

questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) ，

C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line

through the centre.

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

B) They have to participate in club activities.

C) They have to be more responsible for what they do.

D) They have to choose a specific academic discipline.

6. A) Get ready for a career.

B) Make a lot of friends. C) Set a long-term goal. D) Behave like adults.

7. A) Those who share her academic interests.

B) Those who respect her student commitments.

C) Those who can help her when she is in need.

D) Those who go to the same clubs as she does.

8. A) Those helpful for tapping their potential.

B) Those conducive to improving their social skills.

C) Those helpful for cultivating individual interests. 3. A) Hesitant. B) Nervous.

C) Flattered. D) Surprised. 4. A) Start her own bakery. B) Improve her baking skill.

C) Share her cooking experience.

D) Prepare for the wedding. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the recording you have just heard.

C) Start a small

business.

D) Throw a celebration party. 5. A) They have to spend more time

studying.

B)，

1. A) A six- month-long

negotiation.

C) A project with a troublesome

client. B) Preparations for the party. D) Gift wrapping for the colleagues. B) Advertise her company.

D)Those conducive to their academic studies.

Section B

Directions:In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) ，B) ，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9.A) They break away from traditional ways of thinking.

B)They are prepared to work harder than anyone else.

C)They are good at refining old formulas.

D)They bring their potential into full play.

10.A) They contributed to the popularity of skiing worldwide.

B)They resulted in a brand new style of skiing techniques.

C)They promoted the scientific use of skiing poles.

D)They made explosive news in the sports world.

11.A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.

B)He competed in all major skiing events in the world.

C)He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.

D)He broke three world skiing records in three years.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

12.A) They appear restless.

B)They lose consciousness.

C)They become upset.

D)They die almost instantly.

13.A) It has an instant effect on your body chemistry.

B)It keeps returning to you every now and then.

C)It leaves you with a long lasting impression.

D)It contributes to the shaping of you mind.

14.A) To succeed while feeling irritated.

B)To feel happy without good health.

C)To be free from frustration and failure.

D)To enjoy good health while in dark moods.

15.A) They are closely connected.

B)They function in a similar way.

C)They are too complex to understand.

D)They reinforce each other constantly.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

16.A) They differ in their appreciation of music.

B)They focus their attention on different things.

C)They finger the piano keys in different ways.

D)They choose different pieces of music to play.

17.A) They manage to cooperate well with their teammates.

B)They use effective tactics to defeat their competitors.

C)They try ha rd to meet the spectators 'expectations.

D)They attach great importance to high performance.

18.A) It marks a breakthrough in behavioral science.

B)It adopts a conventional approach to research.

C)It supports a piece of conventional wisdom.

D)It gives rise to controversy among experts.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.

19.A) People ' s envy of slim models.

B)People ' s craze for good health.

C)The increasing range of fancy products.

D)The great variety of slimming products.

20.A) They appear vigorous.

B)They appear strange.

C)They look charming.

D)They look unhealthy.

21.A) Culture and upbringing.

B)Wealth and social status.

C)Peer pressure.

D)Media influence.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

22.A) The relation between hair and skin.

B)The growing interest in skin studies.

C)The color of human skin.

D)The need of skin protection.

23.A) The necessity to save energy.

B)Adaptation to the hot environment.

C)The need to breathe with ease.

D)Dramatic climate changes on earth.

24.A) Leaves and grass.

B)Man-made shelter.

C)Their skin coloring.

D)Hair on their skin.

25.A) Their genetic makeup began to change.

B)Their communities began to grow steadily.

C)Their children began to mix with each other.

D)Their pace of evolution began to quicken.

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

The dream of personalised flight is still vivid in the minds of many inventors, some developing cycle-powered craft, others 26 money into jetpacks ( 喷气飞行背包). However, the flying car has always remained the 27 symbol of personal transport freedom.

Several companies around the world have produced 28 that can drive on roads and fly. Airbus has a futuristic modular ( 组件式的) concept involving a passenger capsule that can be 29 from the road-going chassis ( 底盘) and picked up by a helicopter-type machine.

But all these concepts are massively expensive, require safety certification standards for road and air, need 30 controls, involve complex folding wings and propellers, and have to be flown from air-strips. So they are likely to remain rich people ings rather ' thsa pnl apyrathctical transport solutions for the masses.

“A car that takes off from some London street and lands in another 31 street is unlikely to happen, ” says Prof. Gray, a leading aeronautical engineer. “ Sky taxis are much more likely.

that won ' t stop inventors from dreaming up new ways to fly and trying to persuade investors to back their sometimes 32 schemes.

Civilian aviation is being disrupted, not by the age-old desires for speed, romanticism and

33 , but by the pressing need to respond to a changing climate. New electric engines coupled with artificial intelligence and 34 systems will contribute to a more efficient, integrated transport

system that is less polluting and less noisy. That may sound simple, but as Prof. Gray says, I travel somewhere I like this notion that when I finish my journey I feel better than when I started it. That 's complete3ly5 awt ith how I feel today. ” Now that would be progress.

A) autonomous B) detached C) dual D) glamour E) imminent F) odds

G) opposites

H) outrageous Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Companies Are Working with Consumers to Reduce Waste

A) As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billion tons of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The developed countries are responsible for 44% of waste, and in the U.S. alone, the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month.

B) Conventional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no incentive to lengthen the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue they would get from selling new goods. Yet, more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste. This is partly driven by the rising price of raw materials and metals. It is also partly due to both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment.

C) When choosing what products to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are

looking into sustainability. This is opposed to just price and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the world ' s leading brands, almost all of them reported that consumers are showing increasing care about sustainable lifestyles. At the same time, surveys on

consumers in the U.S. and the U.K. show that they also care about minimizing energy use and reducing waste.

D) For the most part, consumers control what happens to a product. But some companies are realizing that placing the burden of recycling entirely on the consumer is not an effective strategy,

especially when tossing something away seems like the easiest and most convenient option.

E) Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronics industries have launched environmental programs. They want to make their customers interested in preserving their products and preventing things that still have value from going to the garbage dump. By offering I) pouring

j)

prototypes

K) random

L)

repressing M) segmented N) spectrum O)

services to help expand the longevity of thei r products, they 're promising quality and

durability to consumers, and receiving the reputational gains for being environmentally friendly.

F)For example, the Swedish jeans company Nudie Jeans offers free repair at twenty of their shops. Instead of discarding their old worn-out jeans, customers bring them in to be renewed. The company even provides mail-order repair kits and online videos, so that customers can learn how to fix a pair of jeans at home. Their philosophy is that extending the life of a pair of jeans is not only great

for the environment, but allows the consumer to get more value out of their product. When customers do want to toss their pair, they can give them back to the store, which will repurpose and resell them. Another clothing company, Patagonia, a high-end outdoor clothing store, follows the same principle. It has partnered with DIY website iFixit to teach consumers how to repair their clothing, such as waterproof outerwear, at home. The company also offers a repair program for their customers for a modest fee. Currently, Patagonia repairs about 40,000 garments a year in their Reno, Nevada, service center. According to the company ' s CEO, Rose Marcario,

this is about building a company that cares about the environment. At the same time, offering repair supports the perceived quality of its products.

G)In Brazil, the multinational corporation Adidas has been running a shoe-recycling program called “ Sustainable Footprint ” since 2012. Customers can bring shoes of any brand into an Adidas store to be shredded and turned into alternative fuels for energy creation instead of being burned as trash. They are used to fuel cement ovens. To motivate visitors to bring in more old shoes, Adidas Brazil promotes the program in stores by showing videos to educate customers, and it even offers a discount each time a customer brings in an old pair of shoes. This boosts the reputation and image of Adidas by making people more aware of the company ' s values.

H)Enormous opportunities also lie with e-waste. It is estimated that in 2014 the world produced some

42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrical and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons respectively. The materials from e-waste include iron, copper, gold, silver, and aluminum materials that could be reused, resold, salvaged, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is estimated to be about $52 billion. Electronics giants like Best Buy and Samsung have provided e-waste take-back programs over the past few years, which aim to refurbish ( 翻新) old electronic components and parts into new products.

I)For other companies interested in reducing waste, helping the environment, and providing the sustainable lifestyles that consumers seek, here are some first steps for building a relationship

with customers that focuses on recycling and restoring value to products:

J)Find partners. If you are a manufacturer who relies on outside distributors, then retailers are the ideal partner for collecting old products. Power tool maker DeWalt partners with companies, such as Lowes and Napa Auto Parts, to collect old tools at their stores for recycling. The partnership benefits both sides by allowing unconventional partners (for example, two companies from two

different industries) to work together on a specific aspect of the value chain, like, in this example, an engine firm with an accessory one.

K)Create incentives. Environmental conscientiousness isn ' t always enough to make customers recycle old goods. For instance, DeWalt discovered that many contractors were holding on to their old tools, even if they no longer worked, because they were expensive purchases and it was hard to

justify bringing them in to recycle. By offering instant discounts worth as much as $100, DeWalt launched a trade-in program to encourage people to bring back tools. As a result, DeWalt now reuses those materials to create new products.

L)Start with a trial program, and expect to change the details as you go. Any take-back program will likely change over time, depending on what works for your customers and company goals. Maybe you see low customer participation at first, or conversely, so much success that the cost of

recycling becomes too high. Best Buy, for insta nce, has been bearing the lion '-ws asshtaer e of e volume since two of its largest competitors, Amazon and Wal-mart, do not have their own recycling programs. Since the launch of its program, Best Buy changed its policy to add a $25 fee for recycling old televisions in order to keep the program going.

M)Build a culture of collective values with customers. A stronger relationship between the

retailer/producer and the consumer isn 't just about financial incentives. By creating more awareness around your efforts to reduce waste, and by developing a culture of responsibility, repair, and reuse, you can build customer loyalty based on shared values and responsibilities.

N)These examples are just the tip of the iceberg, but they demonstrate how helping customers get more use of their materials can transform value chains and operations. Reducing waste by incorporating used materials into production can cut costs and decrease the price of procurement (采购): less to be procured from the outside and more to be re-utilized from the inside.

O)Companies play a big role in creating a circular economy, in which value is generating less from extracting new resources and more from getting better use out of the resources we already have--but they must also get customers engaged in the process.

36.Some companies believe that products ' prolonged lifespan benefits both the environment and customers.

37.A survey shows shoppers today are getting more concerned about energy conservation and environmental protection when deciding what to buy.

https://www.docsj.com/doc/dd7952069.html,panies can build customer loyalty by creating a positive culture of environmental awareness.

39.When companies launch environmental programs, they will have their brand reputation enhanced.

40.One multinational company offers discounts to customers who bring in old footwear to be used as fuel.

41.Recycling used products can help manufacturers reduce production costs.

42.Electronic products contain valuable metals that could be recovered.

43.It seems commonly believed that companies are not motivated to prolong their products '

lifespan.

44.It is advisable for companies to partner with each other in product recycling.

45.Some businesses have begun to realize it may not be effective to let consumers take full responsibility for recycling.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Effective Friday, Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA) has declared a strike against 11 video game publishers over games that went into production after Feb. 17, 2015. The companies include some of the heavyweights of the industry,

like Electronic Arts Productions, Insomniac Games, Activision and Disney.

The strike comes in light of an unsuccessful 19 months of negotiations after the existing labor contract known as the Interactive Media Agreement expired in late 2014. overall, the strike is an effort to provide more secondary compensation along with other concerns, such as transparency upon hiring talent and on-set ( 制作中) safety precautions.

The video gaming industry has ballooned in recent years. The Los Angeles Times reports that the industry is in the midst of an intense increase in cash flow. In 2015, gaming produced $23.5 billion in domestic revenue.

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The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源). But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development. The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil,and the timing of snowmelt(融雪). Since the 1930s, McIntyre said,the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures,which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season. 7.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California. B. The increasing variety of California big trees. C. The distribution of big trees in California forests. D. The influence of farming on big trees in California. 8.Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees? A. Ecological studies of forests. B. Banning woodcutting. C. Limiting housing development. D. Fire control measures. 9.What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre? A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season. C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air. 10.What can be a suitable title for the text?