2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit3语法导学案

2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note语法篇

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掌握本单元重点语法----宾语从句和表语从句，并能熟练应用宾语从句和表语从句的相关语法解决相应的语法练习

一、宾语从句

宾语从句：在复合句中起宾语的作用，可以放在动词和介词之后。宾语从句应用陈述句语序。

1.由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，

但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。

E.g.He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.

E.g. We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.

我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。

注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：

E.g.I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。

E.g.The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。

2.用who，whom，which，whose，what，when，where，why，how，whoever，whatever，whichever

等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。

E.g.I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。

E.g. She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

E.g. She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。

3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：

（1）引导主语从句并在句首时；

（2）引导表语从句时；

（3）引导从句作介词宾语时；

（4）从句后有“or not”时；

（5）后接动词不定式时。

E.g.Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

E.g. Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。

E.g. I wonder whether he will come or not.我想知道他来还是不来。

E.g. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？

4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用

不同时态。

E.g.He studies English every day.（从句用一般现在时）

E.g. He studied English last term.（从句用一般过去时）

E.g. I know (that) he will study English next year.（从句用一般将来时）

E.g. He has studied English since 2019.（从句用现在完成时）

当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。

E.g.The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否

定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。

E.g.We don’t think you are here.我们认为你不在这。

E.g. I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做。

二、表语从句

表语从句：从句放在系动词be, look ,remain ,seem等之后即构成表语从句

引导表语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why以及其它连词as if，as though，because等。

E.g.The question is whether it is worth reading.

E.g. They are just what I want.

E.g. That’s why they were late.

1.that引导的表语从句

that引导表语从句时，在句中无意义，一般不可省略。而what引导表语从句时，不但有意义，而且在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

E.g.The trouble is that I have lost his address.

E.g. China is no longer what it used to be.中国不再是过去的样子了。

2.whether 引导的表语从句

whether引导表语从句仍表示“是否”之意，不能在从句中充当句子成分。if则不可用来引导表语从句

E.g.Thequestion is whether they will be able to help us.

The question is whether the film is worth seeing.

3.as if (as though)引导的表语从句

as if (as though)引导表语从句，意思是“好像，似乎”。

E.g. It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。

E.g. It sounds as if you are from the South of the USA.听起来你好像来自美国南部。

注意：不用if 引导表语从句。reason做主语时，表语从句应由that引导，不用because。that 引导表语从句时，通常不能省略。

4.其他类型的表语从句

其他连接词引导表语从句的用法与引导宾语从句的用法类似。但要注意几个表示原因的表语从句的常见句型：

（1）That’s why …

（2）That’s because…

（3）The reason why… is that…

E.g. That’s why we decided to put off the sports meeting.

E.g. That’s because we haven’t got well prepared.

E.g.The reason why I like the dictionary is that it is useful for my work.

1.（2019浙江）“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ________my mother used to tell me.

A. what

B. how

C. that

D. whether

解析：根据句意“每次你吃糖果的时候，喝点绿茶。”这就是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的。根据句意可知，设空处引导表语从句，引导词在句中作宾语，因此用what引导

答案：A。

2.(2019江苏)---What a mess!You are always so lazy!

---I’m not to blame, mum. I am________ you have made me.

A.how

B. what

C. that

D. who

解析：根据句意“---真是太乱了！你总是这么懒惰！---妈妈，别责怪我。你使我成为了现在这个样子。”本题考查表语从句。What引导表语从句，且what在句子中作made的宾语补足语。

答案：B。

3.(2019山东)It is difficult for us to image ________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

A. where

B. what

C. which

D. why

解析：根据句意“我们很难想象古代奴隶们的生活是什么样子的。”此题考查宾语从句。在该空引导的宾语从句中介词like后面缺少宾语且设空处表示“事物”，所以用what引导宾语从句。Which表示在一定范围内进行选择，在此处不符合题意，故排除C项。

答案：B。

4.(2019福建)Pick yourselfup. Courage is doing ________you are afraid to do.

A.that

B.what

C.how

D.whether

解析：根据句意“振作起来，勇气就是去做你害怕去做的事情。”本题考查宾语从句。分析题干可知doing后为宾语从句，从句中缺作宾语的连接词。在宾语从句中，that只起连接作用，不作任何成分what作主语或宾语；how作状语；whether意为“是否”

答案：B。

5.(2019北京)Experts believe________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.

A. why

B. where

C. that

D. what

解析：根据句意“专家认为人们可以通过只有需要（食物）时才去购买这一方法来减少食物的浪费”本题考查宾语从句。空格处引导的宾语从句的结构和意思都很完整，故选C项。

答案：C。

基础演练

单项选择

1.— I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week.

— Is that ______you had a few days off?

A. why

B. when

C. what

D. where

2. I ask her _____ come with me.

A. if she will

B. if will she

C. whether will she

D. will she

3. It was a matter of _______ would take the position.

A. who

B. whoever

C. whom

D. whomever

4. Can you tell me ________?

A. who is that gentleman is

B. that gentleman is who

C. who that gentleman is

D. whom is that gentleman

5. Can you tell me ________ the railway station?

A. how I can get to

B. what can I get to

C. where I can got to

D. where can I get to

6. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.

A. however

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. whenever

7. Do you know ________ ?

A. what is his name

B. how is his name

C. what his name is

D. how his name is

8. Go and get your coat. It's________ you left it.

A. there

B. where

C. there where

D. where there

9. I wonder how much ________.

A. does the watch cost

B. did the watch cost

C. the watch cost

D. the watch costs

10. It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me.

A. what; that

B. that; that

C. what; what

D. that; what

Keys:

1---5 AAACA 6---10 BCBDA

巩固提高

1. "Is Mary from New York City?" "I don't know _______."

A. from what city does she come from

B. from what city she come

C. what city does she come from

D. what city she comes from

2. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.

A. did he do that

B. he did that

C. he did

D. he has done so

3. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________.

A. how he is getting along

B. how is he getting along

C. what he is getting along

D. what is he getting along

4. I am sure ________ he said is true.

A. that

B. about that

C. of that

D. that what

5. You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

A. how they were excited

B. how excited they were

C. how excited were they

D. they were how excited

Keys:

1---5 DACAA

1. We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

A. if

B. where

C. whether

D. that

2. A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.

A. if

B. when

C. that

D. which

3. There is much chance _______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

A. that

B. which

C. until

D. if

4. Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.

A. where

B. when

C. how

D. what

5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us. _______ we gave some bells and glasses.

A. to which

B. to whom

C. with whom

D. with which

6. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man of action.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. whether

7. _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

A. No matter what

B. No matter which

C. Whatever

D. Whichever

8. I just wonder _______ that makes him so excited.

A. why it does

B. what he does

C. how it is

D. what it is

9. _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.

A. As

B. That

C. This

D. It

10. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _______ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.

A. why

B. that

C. where

D. because

11. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _______ he thought was not enough.

A. where

B. how

C. what

D. which

12. He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from _______ it had been in the morning.

A. that

B. where

C. what

D. which

13. I’d like to work with _______ is honest and easy to get on with.

A. who

B. whoever

C. whomever

D. no matter who

14. When you are reading, make a note of _______ you think is of great importance.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. when

15. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?

—It all depends on _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation.

A. that

B. what

C. whether

D. if

Keys:

1---5 CCABB 6---10BDDDB 11-15 CCBCC

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一、单项选择

1.______ good, this kind of fruit sells very well in our city.

A .Taste B. Being tasted C. Tasting D. Having been tasted

2. The ______ look on his face suggested that he ______ that he would fail in the Math test.

A. surprising; wouldn’t expect

B. surprising; hadn’t expected

C. surprised; hadn’t expected

D. surprised; shouldn’t expect

3. I think he must have seen me at the meeting last night, ______?

A. didn’t he

B. don’t I

C.do I

D. mustn’t he

4.The Changjiang River has been polluted badly and is not good _______.

A.to swim it

B.to be swum in

C.to swim in it

D.to swim in

5. Thomas _____ in inventing many electrical machines

A.was successful

B.succeed

C.was success

D.successes

6. I would love ______ to the party that evening, but I had an unexpected visitor.

A.to go

B.to have gone

C. going

D.having gone

7. It is well known to all that water, ______ enough, can change into ice quickly.

A.if cooling

B. though to be cooled

C. when cooled

D.when is cooled

8.Mr. Wang ______ the person referred to at the meeting be put in prison.

A. said

B. wished

C. agreed

D.suggested

9.Is this school ______you studied in three years ago?

A. where

B.that

C.the one

D.which

10._____ hardly made Mike pay any attention to _____ his mistakes．

A.Scolding; correcting

B.Being scolded; correct

C.Being scolded; correcting

D.Having been scolded; correct

11.Hardly ______ on the bus ______ the bus drove off．

A. did he get; than

B. had he got; when

C. did he get; when

D.had he got; than

12.—Which sport is the most popular in the US?

—It’s hard to say.It largely ______ what you mean by “popular”?

A. belongs to

B. comes about

C. depends on

D.determines on

13.I _____ when it began to rain.

A.was about to going out

B.was in the point of going out

C.was on the point of going out

D.both A and C

14.You never imagine what trouble I have had ______ your house.It took me nearly 2 hours.

A.to find

B.finding

C. found

D.for finding

15.______ in her novel that she didn’t hear what I was saying.

A.So absorbed had Nancy

B. So absorbed Nancy was

C.So absorbed was Nancy

D.So absorbed Nancy had

二、阅读理解

C

Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature．However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （球场）in good condition. This causes major environmental effects.For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be“green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.

1. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?

A. Cycling around a lake.

B. Motor racing in the desert.

C. Playing basketball in a gym.

D. Swimming in a sports center.

2. What do we know about golf from the passage?

A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.

B. It causes water shortages around the world.

C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.

D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.

3. The author uses power walking as an example mainly because _________.

A.it is an outdoor sport

B.it improves our health

C.it uses fewer resources

D.it is recommended by experts

4.The author writes the passage to _________.

A. show us the function of major sports

B. encourage us to go in for green sports

C. discuss the major influence of popular sports

D. introduce different types of environment-friendly sports

D

Liverpool, my hometown, is a unique city. It is so unique that in 2019 it became a World Heritage （遗产）Site.

I recently returned to my home city and my first stop was at a museum on the River Mersey. Blanketed in mist （薄雾）, Victorian architecture rose from the banks of the river, responded to the sounds of sea-birds, and appeared unbelievably charming. When I headed toward the centre, I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe. It is not hard to imagine why, on first seeing the city, most visitors would be overpowered by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool’s history.

As if stress its cultural role, Liverpool has more museums and galleries （美术馆）than most cities in Britain. At Walker Art Gallery, I was told that it has best collections of Victorian paintings in the world, and is the home of modern art in the north of England．However, culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events. As Britain’s No.1 music city, it has the biggest city music festival in Europe, and its musicians are famous all over the world. Liverpool is also well-known for its football and other sports events. Every year, the Mersey River Festival attracts thousands of visitors, madding the city a place of wonder.

As you would expect from such a city, there are restaurants serving food from around the world. When my trip was about to complete, I chose to rest my legs in Liverpool’s famous Philharmonic pub （酒馆）.It is a monument to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself.

Being a World Heritage Site, my home city is certainly a place of “outstanding universal value”. It is a treasure house with plenty of secrets for the world to explore.

5.Visitors who see the city for the first time would be deeply impressed by __________.

A. its charming banks

B. its famous museums

C. its wonderful palaces

D. its attractive buildings

6.The third paragraph is developed mainly by __________.

A. providing different examples

B. following the order of space

C. making comparisons

D. analyzing causes

7.The author uses the Philharmonic pub to prove that _________.

A. Liverpool is a well-known city for its restaurants

B. Liverpool is an impressive place full of attraction

C. a pub is a wonderful place for visitors to relax themselves

D. a pub is a perfect choice for visitors to complete their journey

8.What is the passage mainly about?

A. The universal value of the world heritage in Liverpool.

B. The exciting experience of the author in Liverpool.

C. The special cultural atmosphere of Liverpool.

D. The beautiful historic sites of Liverpool.

Keys:

一、单项选择

1---5 CCADA 6---10BCDCC11---15BCCBC

二、阅读

1---4 ADCB5---8 DABC

2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit3词汇导学案

2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note词汇篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 要求学生掌握本单元的重点单词、重点短语、重要词汇辨析并能熟练应用。 一、重点短语 1. bring up抚养；养育；提出（讨论等）；呕吐 2. go ahead 前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往下说 3. by accident偶然；无意中；不小心 4. stare at 盯着看；凝视 5. account for 导致；做出解释 6.on the contrary 与此相反；恰恰相反 7. take a chance 冒险 8. in rags衣衫褴褛 9. as for/to关于；至于 10. make a bet打赌 11.a large amount of 许多；大量（修饰不可数名词） 二、词义辨析 1. fault和weakness fault指个人行为上的过失或性格方面的缺点、毛病等 weakness指弱点或不足之处，是常用词，很少具有特殊的词义色彩。 2. bring up抚养，教育，培养；提出（讨论等）；呕吐 He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River. 他在密西西比河畔的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。 bring about 引起；导致；造成 bring down 降低，减少 bring in盈利；赚钱 bring out生产；出版；使显现 bring forward将提前；提出讨论 bring back恢复；使回忆起；带回来 3. scenery/scene/view/sight/look ①scenery 是总称，指大范围的自然风光“景色”,“风景”。

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