基于Zigbee的无线环境监测系统设计
基于Zigbee的无线环境监测系统设计
齐齐哈尔大学
毕业设计（论文）
题目基于Zigbee的无线环境监测系统设计
学院通信与电子工程学院
专业班级物联网112班
学生姓名王海超
指导教师惠鹏飞
成绩
2015年6 月15 日
摘要
随着各种现代化信息技术的迅猛发展和进步，以及人们生活水平的提高，人们越来越对自己所处的环境有了更高的要求。人们都想要自己的生活环境健康、舒适。近些年，特别是人类在信息技术上的快速发展，使得各种有线无线通信技术有了前所未有的突破，未来，随着各种无线技术的成熟和成本应用的下降，有线将慢慢离开技术舞台的中央。因此，本文为此而专门设计了基于Zigbee的无线环境监测系统。
为了以较小的成本，较高的安全性和可靠性，并且能够实时准确地监控家庭环境的参数，供PC决策以确保人们的居住环境的健康性，最大程度地减少人们因长时间在受污染的家居环境中而生病，本文利用ZigBee技术而开发设计出了这一智能家居中的子系统——环境监测系统。其最大的优点在两个方面，一是无线，这样可以使地方占用小，方便安装，不会给家居环境增加视觉干扰；二是功耗低，其使用两节干电池即可工作半年以上。
本论文以ZigBee无线传感网络技术为核心，与各种传感器技术相结合，设计出一套方便实用的家居环境监测系统，为家居中的管理中心（PC）提供准确无误的决策参数，是智能家居系统中不可缺少的子系统之一。其中终端传感器节点可以选择温度、湿度、亮度、一氧化碳等传感器，并且可以根据需求增加或减少终端。故本文无线网络终端模块选用的是CC2430芯片为平台，以实现信息数据的接收与发送，此芯片内置8051内核的单片机内核，并有一定的内存空间，故只要加上些少许外围电路就可以实现功能，无需再加单片机。在数据接收端（即协调器节点）收到的数据处理并上传到PC以供其分析控制家居中智能电器调节各项环节参数，以此可以实现快速、实时并且方便的家居环境信息的监测功能。
关键词：ZigBee，无线传感器网络，环境监测，智能家居
Abstract
With the rapid development and progress of a variety of modern IT, and human’s Standards of living improve, more and more people demand to live in a healthy and comfortable environment. In recent years, especially human beings in the rapid development of information technology, making a variety of wired and wireless communications technology has been an unprecedented breakthrough. With a variety of wireless technologies mature and costs decline, the cable will slowly leave technology center. As a result, the wireless smart home system came into being, while the wireless home environment monitoring system discussed in this article is one of the subsystems.
In order to have less cost, higher security and reliability, and ablity to monitor the home environment in real tme,to minimize people sick, this paper use the Zigbee wireless sensor network trchnolgy development and design Environment Monitoring System in this smart home. It has two biggest advantages. First, the wireless can make the place occupied by small, easy to install, will not increase the visual interference to the home environment; Second, low power consumption: it can be used with more than six months by two dry batteries
In this thesis, a ZigBee-based wireless sensor network technology for the core and the combination with a variety of sensor technology, designed a set of excellent home environment monitoring system for smart home management center to provide accurate decision-making parameters, smart home an integral subsystem of the system. Terminal sensor nodes can select the temperature, humidity, brightness, and carbon monoxide sensors, and can increase or decrease according to demand terminal. Due to the CC2480 chip does not have built-in microprocessor core, and few user use it as a ZigBee module. So terminal module of the wireless network choice of TI's CC2430 chip as a platform to receive and send sensor collected data, the chip microcontroller core of the 8051 core and a certain amount of memory space, so adding a little more peripheral circuit can functionality without the need coupled with the microcontroller. Coordinate data receiver (node) receives the data processing and uploaded to the management center (PC) for analysis to adjust the link parameters to control smart appliances
in the home, this can be achieved fast convenient, real-time, home environment monitoring function.
Keywords：ZigBee，Wireless sensor networks, smart home, environmental moni
目录
摘要............................................................................................................................................................ I Abstract........................................................................................................................................................ I I 第1章绪论.. (1)
1.1 概述 (1)
1.2 环境监测系统国内外发展现状 (1)
1.2.1有线环境监测系统特点 (1)
1.2.2无线环境监测系统的特点 (2)
1.3 本文研究的意义 (2)
1.4本文的研究内容 (3)
第2章ZigBee技术的概述 (4)
2.1 ZigBee技术的概念 (4)
2.2 ZigBee技术的特点 (5)
2.3 ZigBee网络设备组成和网络结构 (6)
2.4 ZigBee的协议分析 (7)
2.4.1 网络层（NWK） (7)
2.4.2 应用层（APP） (8)
2.5 本章小结 (10)
第3章系统的总体设计 (11)
3.1 系统结构 (11)
3.2 系统功能定义 (12)
3.3 系统监测参数介绍 (12)
3.3.1 温度 (12)
3.3.2 湿度 (12)
3.3.3一氧化碳气体 (13)
3.3.4 亮度 (13)
3.4 系统设计要求 (13)
3.4.1硬件要求 (13)
3.4.2软件要求 (14)
3.5本章小结 (14)
第4章系统的硬件设计 (16)