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英语作文范文-切实提高英语写作水平

英语作文范文

切实提高英语写作水平

自1997年以来，研究生入学英语考试作文题都采用了图表题。这类作文题通常要求考生在概述图表现象后，对图表揭示的深层含义发表自己的看法。1997年的作文题是关于“烟草的消费”，98年的作文题是关于“承诺”，就作文题目本身来说，都与我们日常生活有关、是考生比较好发挥的题。但是，97年的作文题有一定的难度，图表所提供的数据下载应聘口语多达9项、画面多达4幅，这对考生概述图表、尤其是概述数字的能力要求非常高。考生作文中容易出现堆砌数据、文章中心思想不突出的问题。而1998年图表作文中“母鸡承诺”漫画和一首“如此承诺”打油诗，虽然都是中文，但很多学生苦于不能找到合适的英语词句，恰当地将漫画及打油诗的含义表达出来。

考生的写作能力可能因此无法得到正常的发挥。

从99年到2002年来看，作文题目仍然都属于“大众话题”，但图表趋于简洁明了，只出现一、两幅画面，提示文字也极少。可以说，这几年的图表作文更能反映考生的写作功底。值得一提的是，图表作文的特下载应聘口语点对考生写作切合题意这方面的要求非常

高。考生的作文要围绕图表展开，死记硬背范文的作文学习方法在这样的考试中，很难保证考生能拿高分。

另外，新颁布的2002年全国硕士研究生英语考试大纲，对英语写作提出了更高、更全面的要求，除了将写作考项的分值由原来的15分提高到20分外，同时要求考生能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描写性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。这无疑对考生语言基本功提出了更高的要求。

一个基本功不扎实的考生，只凭蒙题、猜题，或背几篇范文，是很下载应聘口语难应对这种考试的。相反，如果平时学习得法，注重基本功的训练，注重通过阅读提高写作能力，学习就会取得事半功倍的效果。

那么，就写作而言，英语语言基本功具体表现在哪些方面？准备应考的学生在复习过程中，应该做好哪些工作？

第一，正确对待词汇学习

语音、语法和词汇既是语言的三大要素，又是表达功能的手段，也是进行交际和思维的最重要的手段。词汇是语言体系中结构和意义的统一体，是语言的主要的基本单位。没有建筑材料就不能盖房子，同样，没有词汇的交际也是不可想象的。我国英语学习者，尤其是大学英语学习者，虽然非常重视英语词汇学习，但词汇一直是他们的难项和弱项。在英语写作方面，有的习作表现是用词过于简单、平淡、

用词面窄；有的习作中出现了不少晦涩的偏词，但这些词本身可能出现搭配、贴切性等问题。因此，在学习生词时，要认真掌握词的确切含义及其用法。比如，tough一词在下面不同的搭配里，含义都有所不同。

She was having a tough time with that difficult task. (艰难的时刻)

He is known as a tough teacher. (严厉的老师)

My boss is a tough man to convince. (顽固的人)

The competition is really tough. (激烈的)

Cooperating with him is a tough matter. (棘手的)

另外，同学们在阅读文章时，不要一味地去死记硬背艰深的生词，片面追求晦涩、下载应聘英语偏僻词汇，应该学会欣赏“小词大意”的写法。比如，下面这些句子语言优美，意义深远，但所用的词汇几乎都是初中接触过的。

If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?

Government of the people, by the people, for the people.

Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.

当然，考研高分评分标准之一就是作文的用词面较宽。同学们平时练习写作时，要加强基本功训练，习作中语言及思想水平要尽量与自己的阅读材料相当。开始练习写作的同学，可以强行要求自己习作中有5至8处使用新学的下载应聘英语语言点，而且在使用时要争

取核对原文或字典，做到正确使用。久而久之，“学以致用”的意识会越来越强，学的动力也会更强大些，写的兴趣也会更浓厚。

第二，注意通过阅读提高篇章写作水平

阅读与写作两者之间存在相互依赖、相互促进的关系。阅读应该是学习写作的基础和源泉。通过阅读，我们可以比较全面地了解和掌握词语、句型和篇章结构等知识，从而提高写作的技巧和技能。另一方面，写作要求学生用下载应聘英语词准确、造句规范、文字连贯，表达思想清楚，因此，写作体现阅读效果，也是提高阅读效果的最好途径。语言阅读“输入”(input) 量的不断扩大，必然意味着语言“输出”(output) 即写的能力的提高。

同学们在进行读与写练习时，要注意篇章结构。一篇好的文章应该是词汇、语法、内容的完美结合。不少同学在阅读中出现“只见树木、不见森林”的现象，即通过查找字典，文章中所有单词的意思都明白了，但文章的中心大意还是不知所云。这就说明同学们缺乏篇章学习的训练。因此，同学们在阅读时，一定要注意把握文章语义整体的统一性。

写作过程中，要注意选择具有表达力的主题句（topic sentence）。主题句的好坏，下载应聘英语直接关系到文章的条理性、连贯性，甚至文章的逻辑性。主题句即表达段落大意的句子。主题句的作用就是将段落各句有机地结合在一起，保证一个段落所有细节的统一性。如果对主题句的处理欠妥，文章的结构和条理就会变得模糊不清，段落的统一性就会遭到破坏。

第三，打好语言基本功，避免“粗心语言错”

众所周知，在听、说、读、写四种技能中，写最能反映一个人的语言功底。习作者的构思、论点、论据，到单词的拼写、书写、文章的结构、修辞等，都能比较全面地反映习作者的语言运用能力。但是，学生习作中却大量下载英文存在基本的语法错误。这些语法错误，如果被挑出来，拿给习作者看，他们很快知道错在哪里。如果将这些语法错误编写成正误判断题，那些习作者本人也能作出正确的判断。“粗心语法错误”的存在，说明大学生平时虽然花在英语学习上的时间比较多，但缺乏足够的笔头练习，而且对语言形式的敏感性（sensitivity to linguistic forms）不够。请看下组错误例句，均属于典型的“粗心语法错误”（选自2002年硕士研究生入学考试作文8分答卷）。

第四，注意学习掌握一些英语修辞手法

许多同学平时阅读习惯只注重字词的学习，忽略学习积累一些修辞手法，并认为英语修辞在考试作文中没有用武之地。殊不知，只要我们留心，英语修辞在平日的阅读材料里还是俯拾皆是的。如下面的句子看似简单，但都使下载英文用了排比结构。

而且，要在考试中拿高分，也要注意恰当地使用修辞手段。如下面一段文章的作者通过三次使用介词in 引出的补语短语，构成一系列排比结构，句式结构有变化（作文高分标准之一），而且达到很

好的的修辞效果，语言地道、优雅，行文流畅。

So when you see someone in difficulty of in distress and in need of help, don’t hesitate to give your love to him. I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.

第五，学会对自己的习作进行正确、动态的评估

不少学生反映平时在进行写作练习，因为没有老师批阅，不知写作水平是否有提下载英文高，因此缺乏学习成就感和自信心。我们认为，学生应该逐步提高给自己习作打分的能力。具体做法是将自己的习作，参照评分标准，与有关参考书中几个分数段样卷做对比分析。首先，对自己目前的英语写作水平作一个客观的评估，然后，找出自己目前作文与更高一个分数段作文的之间的不足，在今后的写作中，注意用更高的标准要求自己。

当然，没有经过辅导班训练的同学可能无法敏锐地察觉出自己的问题。但只要同下载英文学们对自己的习作经常提出各种各样的的问题，并勤查字典，对语言的判断力，一定会不断提高。记住：字典是我们英语学习过程中，最权威、最耐心的老师。

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写作指导(7) 说明文 1．说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用简洁明了的语言来解说事物、阐明事理，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。 2．在高考书面表达中，其主要命题形式为图表式作文，有时也以图画式和提纲式作文来呈现写作材料。 3．它要求语言要简明扼要，通俗易懂，说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。 4．这种文体通常用第三人称，时态以一般现在时为主。根据以下图画，写一篇英语短文，描述今昔通讯方式的变化，以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。

注意：1.词数：100左右； 2．参考词汇：通讯communicate (with sb.)vi.，communication n．；互联网the Internet n．。案例分析⊙ 从材料的呈现方式(两幅图对比)及材料所提出的要求“描述变化及影响”可知，本文应该用说明文体来写作。时态的把握是本文的一大难点，一般情况下，说明文应用一般现在时，但本文描述的是今昔通讯方式的变化，所以在描写过去通讯方式的时候要用一般过去时，例如：In the past，people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone及 It used__to__take several days to hear from each other.在描写过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响时，谓语动词要用现在完成时，例如本文的起始句可用“Great changes have__taken__place in the

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