2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--语法填空--学生版(纯净word已校对终结版)

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Dear headmaster,

On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended, I (21) ______ hardly wait to write to you, sharing my humble opinions.

As far as I’m concerned, the theme of the festival can be “sharing”, primarily (22) ______ (consist) of three parts. Firstly, the festival can start with a 30-minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they (23) ______ (expose) to recently, expressing themselves freely. Following this section is the speech. Teacher and student representatives previously selected by us are to share and recommend the book they think really deserving to be read. It’s needless to say that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation, during (24) ______ time everyone present, teachers or students, is expected to donate one or more books to the library. As for when (25) ______ (hold) the activity, the afternoon may be an ideal choice so that it won’t interrupt our classes.

My advice is justified by the following reasons. First and foremost, it is in the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea (26) ______ our peers are reading for the moment, serving as a driving force for our own reading journey. So it is (27) ______ the books recommended. Named by those “idols” in our mind, they will definitely win our heart. As for the donation, the benefits are exactly self-evident. (28) ______ ______ can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school, developing a good campus tradition, but (29) ______ (importantly), these books which are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value.

I’m looking forward to your favorable reply. And (30) ______ is my sincere hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from it.

Yours,

Amy Young

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Just How Buggy is Your Phone?

What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say (21)______ toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges t op the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them.

In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before (22)______(die)from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally (23)______(confess) to the crime.

(24)______ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dir ty mars? “That's all you,” says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell. “That’s biological information.”

It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from (25)______ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.

In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes, (26)______ countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an (27)______(early) study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who (28)______(use) a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature.

One day, microbial signatures might show (29)______ people have gone and what they have touched. They could prove (30)______ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you?

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods?

Due to climate change, the world’s endangered lists are no longer just for animals. We may not only need to adapt ourselves to living in a warmer world but a (21)______ (tasty) one as well.

As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the air linked to global warming (22)______ (continue) to affect weather, we often that they are also impacting the quantity, the quality, and the growing locations of our food. Some foods have already felt the impact while (23)______ may even become scarce within the next 30 years.

Whether or not you try to limit yourself (24)______ one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world’s coffee-growing regions may leave you little choice.

Rising temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns are reported to have been threatening coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii. The result? Significant cuts in coffee yield.

According to organizations like Australia’s Climate Institute, half of the present coffee-producing areas (25)______ (estimate) not to be suitable by the year 2050, if current climate patterns continue.

With temperatures continuously rising, oceans are absorbing some of the heat and undergoing warming of their own, (26)_______ (cause) a decline in fish population, including in lobsters that are cold-blooded creatures, and in salmons(鲑鱼) (27)______ eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temperatures. Warmer waters also encourage some poisonous marine bacteria to grow and lead to illness in humans whenever (28)______ (take) with raw seafood, like oysters.

And how about that satisfying “crack” which you get when you are eating crabs and lobsters? It could be silenced (29)______ shellfish have been struggling to build their calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) shells, which is a result of ocean acidification.

Even worse is the possibility (30)______ we still have no seafood to enjoy at all. In a 2006 Dalhousie University study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world’s seafood stocks would run out by the year 2050.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Planting Patriotism

Young boys are not easily shocked, but 12-year-old Preston Sharp sure knows the feeling.

“Yeah, I was surprised and even disappointed,” Preston said, Preston’s mom, April Sharp said , “It is the first time (21)______ (see) him like this angry and passionate.”

What upset her son so much was visiting his grandpa’s grave in Redding, California ,and realizing that not every veteran(老兵) in the cemetery has a flag. So April told him “son, (22)______ you are going to complain about something , you have to do something about it or let it go”

Next thing April knew，Preston was taking on odd jobs and asking for donations (23)______ (buy) flags and flowers for every veteran in his grandpa’s cemetery, And when that cemetery (24)_____ (cover), he moved on to another，and then another.

Here we are, nearly three years and about 65,000 graves later. He does it every week (25)______ the weather is like, rain or shine---especially rain,”They were out there in the rain doing their job, (26)______ (protect) us,” Preston said, His devotion is infections.

When word gets out (27)______ Preston will be at a cemetery---he has a Facebook page, Preston Sharp/Vet flags and Flowers---people, like Vietnam veteran Fred Loveland, feel

(28)______(oblige) to join in, “It’s amazing,” Loveland said. “What he’s doing brings (29)______ out because we can’t believe a young man in this country is doing what he does,” It is a movement of young and old, of those who served and those who are so grateful for what they did, all led by a proud grandson (30)______ saw an injustice and decided to do something about it.

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The Battle of Chancellorsville, one of the most famous battles of the Civil War, took place in Virginia in the spring of 1863. For months, the two armies had been staying on opposite banks of a narrow river. The Confederate (南方联盟) troops were led by perhaps (21)________ (honored) military tactician (战略家) in American history, General Robert E. Lee. The Union (北方联盟) soldiers were led by “Fighting” Joe Hooker.

In appearance, personality, and lifestyle, these men were nearly perfect opposites. Lee, an older man in poor health with a gray beard, had a solemn, measured character. Hooker was a blond, broad-shouldered young man (22)_______ pride over his appearance was but one aspect of his self-centeredness. Whereas Lee was loyal and principled, Hooker was known for his rollicking enjoyment of both women and whiskey.

Despite the fact that the Confederacy (23)________ (win) the last four major battles and the Union soldiers were starving, (24)_______ (exhaust), and demoralized, Hooker proclaimed, “My plans are perfect. And when I start to carry them out, (25)_______ God have mercy on Bobby Lee, for I shall have none.” Why was Hooker so confident?

Hooker had used spies, analysts, and even hot air balloons to compile a vast amount of intelligence about Lee’s army. He had already been aware, for example, (26)_______ Lee had only 61,000 men to Hooker’s own 134,000. Supported by his superior numbers, Hooker secretly moved 70,000 of his men fifteen miles up and across the river, and then ordered them to sneak back down to position themselves (27)________ Lee’s army. In effect, Hooker had cut off the

Confederate soldiers in front and behind. They were trapped. Satisfied with his advantage, Hooker became convinced that Lee’s only option was to retreat to Richmond, thus (28)_______ (assure) a Union victory.

Yet Lee, despite his disadvantages of both numbers and position, did not retreat. Instead, he moved his troops into position to attack. Union soldiers who tried to warn Hooker that Lee was on the offensive (29)_______ (dismiss) as cowards. Having become convinced that Lee had no choice but (30)_______ (retreat), Hooker began to ignore reality. When Lee’s army attacked the Union soldiers at 5:00 p.m., they were eating supper, completely unprepared for battle. They aband oned their rifles and fled as Lee’s troops came shrieking out of the brush, bayonets drawn. Against all odds, Lee won the Battle of Chancellorsville, and Hooker’s forces withdrew in defeat.

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

We want our children to succeed, in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed (21)______ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?

The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. (22)_______ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, (23)______ (remain) within their comfort zone. This is why they don’t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never (24)______ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress.

(25)______ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 failed prototypes(原型) for his dual cyclone vacuum before coming up with the design (26)______ made

2019-2020学年高三英语一模汇编--summary

2019--2020学年高三英语一模概要写作汇编 One【虹口区】 The Zeigarnik Effect Have you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life. The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy. The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam. The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being. The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity. 【答案】 The Zeiguvnik Effect is that you always remember unfinished matter, which can be well used. The effect helps you overcome procrastination and have a good start. The effect is effective for students to improve recall and remember things better. It also encourage people to finish work and improve psychological well-being. It can influence us positively in all aspect. 【解析】 要点中需要包括：1.The Zeigarnik Effect的定义2.三个好处 容易出现的问题：主旨句不清晰；语言不够精炼。

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2019届高三英语一模汇编--翻译

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11选10专题 上海市杨浦区2021届高三英语期末（一模）试题 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. including B. impressions C. standing D. restored E. missing F. fun G. comfort H. associated I. inspired J. marked K. contact Ancient Civilizations Had Game Nights Too! Morten Ramstad, a researcher at the University of Bergen, Norway, and his team spotted one of the rare objects while unearthing the remains of an Early Iron Age (400-300 BC) burial site in Western Norway. Burying loved ones with basic necessities like ceramic pots and clothing, to ensure their (31) _______ in the afterlife, was a fairly common tradition in ancient cultures. However, the families of some lucky individuals went a step further by (32) ________ a board game for entertainment. Though the game board was (33) ________, the archeologists, who revealed their findings on April 5, 2020, managed to recover the dice（骰子）and 18 circular game pieces. Unlike the modern-day cubical（立体的）dice, which are (34) _______ with a different number of dots from one to six on each face, the ancient game counter was square and had bulls-eye like (35) ________, which indicated zero to five on each of its four faces. The researchers suspect it may have been (36) ________ by the oldest-known board game —the “Game of Mercenaries”. The two-person strategy game, which dates back to the 3rd century BC, was believed to be similar to modern-day chess. The archeologists, who also unearthed remains of pottery jars and a bronze needle at the burial site believe the game pieces indicate the dead was a wealthy individual. In ancient civilizations, board games were a status symbol, signifying the owner’s high social and economic (37) ________. They indicated an individual’s intellectual ability and also proved he/she could afford to spend time on such activities.

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第二节：语法填空(附参考答案) （共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形 式填空，并将答案填在标号为31-40的相应位置。 My sister had dropped out of school and 31 very unwise decisions with her life. She chose to spend her time with people who were lost 32 she was. They all chose to ignore their 33 (responsible) and supported one another in a life which involved drinking and partying. 34 (sad), they were all losing time. They were young and had the potential to become 35 they wanted if they would only choose to respect themselves and believe in a better life. My sister was lost but my father never gave up on her. She may not have even known it but his prayers and faith 36 her may have been the very thing she needed. I remember sitting at the family dinner table 37 everyone had gathered except my sister. Once again she had chosen to drink with friends instead of spending 38 evening with our family who loved her very much. We said she would not come. But my father said she would. We all rallied against him, 39 (bet) she would not show up and asked why he would say that. We 40 convinced he was in denial. He simply said, “I will always bet on her, on all of you.” 31. was making/made 32. as 33. responsibilities 34.Sadly 35. whatever\what 36. in 37. where 38. an 39. betting 40. were 第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题 1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形 式填空，并将答案填写在答卷标号为31—30的相应位置。 Choosing a career is an involved（复杂的）process that 31 (base) on a number of things, including your interests, skills, work-related values, and personality. You might want to meet with a career development professional, i.e. career counselor 32 career development adviser. A career development professional will use various tools to help you evaluate your interests, personality, skills and values, 33 is called a self-assessment. He or she will then show you 34 all these things, combined, play a role in choosing a career. If you lack money, don’t let that keep you 35 getting the help you need. Check with your public library since some o ffer career planning help. Also check with local colleges and universities. Most have career development offices which may 36 services to members of the community. Programs that train career counselors often have students 37 (work) with members of the community in order to gain experience There are

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高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.

上海市2020年高三英语一模专题汇编：翻译

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