2009年9月英语高级口译真题答案

答案：

1.managerial and professional

2.excellence of American universities

https://www.docsj.com/doc/3510183683.html,cation for the mass

4.women and minorities

5.one public college

6.decentralization and diversity

https://www.docsj.com/doc/3510183683.html,petition for students and resources

8.the National Academy of Science

https://www.docsj.com/doc/3510183683.html,missioned by

10.provide adequate funds

11.scientific research became decentralized

12.gave graduate students research opportunities

13.to the benefit of industry

14.investing in the future

15.for returning veterans

16.were inconceivable in Europe

17.never dreamed of going to college

18.loan and subsidy programs

19.helped to democratize access

20.more than 180 billion dollars

Secion 2

CADBA DABCB CACBD BDCCB

09年9月上海高级口译英译中原文及答案

Amid the hubbub over a few less-bad-than-expected statistics, America’s economic debate has turned to the nature of the recovery. Optimists expect a vigorous rebound as confidence returns, pent-up demand is unleashed and massive government stimulus takes effect. Most observers are bracing for a long slog, as debt-laden consumers rebuilt their savings, output growth remains weak and unemployment continues to rise. There is, however, something that eventually will have a much bigger impact on Americans’ prosperity than the slope of the recovery. That is the effect of the crisis on America’s potential rate of growth itself.

An economy’s long-term speed limit （its “trend ”or “potential” rate of growth ）is the pace at which GDP can expand without affecting unemployment and, hence, inflation. It is determined by growth in the supply of labor along with the speed with which productivity improves. The pace of potential growth helps determine the sustainability of everything from public debt to the prices of shares. Unfortunately, the outlook for America’s potential growth rate was darkening long before the financial crisis hit. The IT-induced productivity revolution, which sent potential output soaring at the end of the 1990s, has waned. More important, America’s labor supply is growing more slowly as the population ages, the share of women working has leveled off and that of students who work has fallen.

由于一小部分经济数据显示当前经济状况并没有预期的那样坏，一些人就骚动起来，开始讨论起美国经济的复苏之路。乐观人士认为在信心恢复、压抑已久的内

需得到释放和大量的政府刺激计划奏效的背景下，将会有一个强势的反弹。大多数专家，正准备迎来一个更加漫长的艰难之旅：债务累累的消费者正在重建他们的积蓄，产量的增长依旧迟缓，失业率仍在攀升……但是，还有一个比复苏趋势更会影响美国繁荣的东西，那就是这次危机给美国潜在的经济增长所带来的不良影响。

一个经济体长期处在最高的增长速度，是以GDP的增长不被失业率和通货膨胀所影响为条件的。而这，决定于劳动力供应的增长和生产力发展的速度。潜在增长的速度帮助决定了从国债到股价这一切能否持续稳定。遗憾的是，在金融危机发生很久以前，美国经济潜在增长率的前景就十分暗淡。IT行业引发的生产力革命，曾在上世纪90年代末使产量大幅上涨，但衰败了。更重要的是，美国劳动力供给的增长速度正变得比人口老龄化速度慢，女性工作者的比例已经稳定，学生的已经下降。

Section 5

【官方答案】

1. Cerrie Burnell is a 29-year-old CBeebies host who was born disabled with her lower section of her right arm. She is a mother of a four-year-old child. She, together with Alex Winters, presided over the channel’s popular Do and Discover slot and The Bedtime Hour programme last month. She is now facing abusive comments from parents.

2. Parents and carers called the broadcaster to complain about her disability. Some complaints were so vitriolic and nasty that they had to be removed. While charities reacted angrily to the criticism of the children’s presenter, calli ng the comments

disturbing, other parents and carers labelled the remarks as disgraceful, writing in support of Burnell and setting up a “fight disability prejudice” page on the social networking site Facebook.

3. Cerrie Burnell’s own view about her job as a television presenter was that she described her first television presenting role as a “dream job”. She thought the negative comments from those few parents are indicative of a wider problem of disabled representation in the media as a whole, which is why it’s so important for there to be more disabled role models in every area of the media.

4. By giving the example of buying a T-shirt made of 100% organic cotton at the beginning of the passage, the author intended to point out that the T-shirt was not environmental-friendly; it may have been dyed using harsh industrial chemicals, which can pollute local groundwater.

5. By saying that “our ability to make complex products with complex supply chains has outpaced our ability to comprehend the conseque nces”, the author means that nothing in evolution has prepared us to understand the cumulative impact that imperceptible amounts of industrial chemicals may have on our children's health or the slow-moving, long-term danger of climate change.

6. The youn g science of “industrial technology” was described by psychologist Daniel Goleman in his forthcoming book, Ecological Intelligence. Using a young science called industrial ecology, businesses and green activists alike are beginning to compile the environmental and biological impact of our every decision - and delivering that information to consumers in a user-friendly way.

The example of Coca Cola tells us some good news that industrial ecologists can now crunch those data about suppliers of goods or services, and smart companies like Coca-Cola are using the information to clean up their corporate ecology.

7. By saying that “We once had the luxury to ignore our impacts”, psychologist Daniel Goleman meant that ecological intelligence is ultimately about more than what we buy. It's also about our ability to accept that we live in an infinitely connected world with finite resources. He also highlights the Tibetan community of Sher, where for millenniums, villagers have survived harsh conditions by carefully conserving every resource available to them. The Tibetans think ecologically because they have no other choice. Neither do we.8. A gravy train literally means something that requires little effort while yielding considerable profit, and here it refers to the fact that banking employees could always get bonuses first without taking the risks of losing money. The row over the early payment of bonuses at Merrill Lynch shows yet again that insiders’ interests come first.

9. The author offered two suggestions to solve the major problem of current banking system. The first is that the trigger for incentives (as well as the payments themselves) need to be longer-term in nature. Bonuses could still be paid annually but based on the average performance over several years; if bankers are rewarded for increasing the size of the loan book, their pay-off should be delayed until the borrower has established a sound payment record. The effect would be to claw back profits earned by excessive risk-taking. The second is tha t the banks’ capital has to be properly allocated. If traders are given license to use leverage to buy into rising asset markets, then the trading division should be charged a cost of capital high enough to reflect the risks involved.

10. The expression “In any case, the greediest employees may be the ones most likely to usher in the next banking crisis” is used to support the proposal that the banks’ capital be properly allocated and traders be restricted in their transactions and

risk-taking, because the greediest employees may bring in banking crisis again, so the banks are suggested to let them go. A threat to quit will be pretty hollow, given the state of investment banking. And few traders will have the clout to set up their own hedge funds in today’s market conditions.

Section 6

Over the 30 years, I have travelled on business on a yearly basis, my footprints found all across China with the only exceptions of Tibet, Inner Mongolia and Macao. It is regretful that my rushing on the long journeys leaves me heavy with the fatigue of

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