2018甘肃天水中考英语真题解析

2018年甘肃省天水市初中毕业与升学学业考试（中考）试卷

英语

解析人：孙全生校对：卢浩

考生注意：请将正确答案涂、写在答题卡上。本试卷满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。

A卷（100分）

Ⅰ. 语音（每小题1分，共10分）

(2018·甘肃天水)A）观察所给单词的读音，从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出其画线部分的读音与所给单词的画线部分读音相同的选项。

1.cough A.though B.through https://www.docsj.com/doc/339727770.html,ugh D.brought

2.blood A.flood B.bamboo C.boots D.toothache

3.empty A.encourage B.enemy https://www.docsj.com/doc/339727770.html,cation D.event

4.needed A.saved B.stopped C.dared D.wanted

5.question A.situation B.national C.suggestion D.attention

6.certainly A.cinema B.coast C.correct D.corn

1. C 【解析】考查字母组合gh的读音。给定单词cough中的字母组合gh读/f/音。单词though，through以及brought中的字母组合gh不发音。单词laugh中的字母组合gh读/f/音，与给定词读音相同，故选C。

2. A 【解析】考查字母组合oo的读音。给定单词blood中的字母组合oo读/?/音。flood中的字母组合oo发/?/音；bamboo，boots和toothache中的字母组合oo发/ u?/音。故选A。

3. C 【解析】考查元音字母e的读音。给定单词empty中的字母e读/e/音。encourage中的字母e发/?/音；enemy中的字母e发/?/音；education中的字母e发/e/音；event中的字母e 发/?/音。故选C。

4. D 【解析】考查字母组合ed的读音。给定单词needed中的字母组合ed读/?d/音。saved 和dared中的字母组合ed发/d/音；stopped中的字母组合ed读/t/音，wanted中的字母组合ed发/ ?d/音。故选D。

5. C 【解析】考查字母组合tion的读音。给定单词question中的字母组合tion读/t??n/音。单词situation，national以及attention中的字母组合tion都发/ ?n/音；单词suggestion中的字母组合tion读/t??n /音，与给定词读音相同，故选C。

6. A 【解析】考查字母c的读音。给定单词certainly中的字母c读/s/音。单词cinema中的字母c读/t??n /音，与给定词读音相同单词。coast，correct以及corn中的字母c都发/k/音。故选A。

(2017·甘肃天水)B）根据下列对话的情景，找出画线句子在一般情况下单词需要重读的选项。

(2018·甘肃天水)7. —What’s wrong with that girl?

—She is tired. She needs to have a good rest.

A.tired, good, rest

B.tired, she, needs, rest

C.tired, a, good, rest

D.needs, good, rest

7. A 【解析】考查重读单词。句意：——那个女孩怎么啦？——她很疲劳。她需要好好休息一下。英语中一般名词、数词、形容词、副词、实义动词、感叹词要重读；冠词、连词、介词、助动词及人称代词一般不重读。画线部分为“She is tired. She needs to have a good rest”，其中形容词tired是回答上文问句的关键词，必须要重读；强调为了消除疲惫，形容词good

和名词rest需重读。故选A。

(2018·甘肃天水)8. —May I use your phone?

—Sorry. I left it at home.

A.left, it, home

B.Sorry, I, left

C.Sorry, at, home

D.Sorry, left, home

8. D 【解析】考查重读单词。句意：——我可以用你的电话吗？——对不起，我把它忘在家了。他非常懒惰。英语中一般名词、数词、形容词、副词、实义动词、感叹词要重读；冠词、连词、介词、助动词及代词一般不重读。画线部分为“Sorry. I left it at home”，其中Sorry 是回答上面的疑问句的关键词，需要重读；行为动词的过去式left和名词home也要重读。故选D。

C）以下每组对话由句子①、②、③组成，指出这三个句子在一般情况下应该用什么语调。(2018·甘肃天水)9. ①—Did anyone all me when I was out?

②—Yes. A man called Tom.

③—What did he say?

A.①升调②降调③升调

B.①升调②降调③降调

C.①降调②升调③降调

D.①降调②降调③升调

9. B 【解析】考查句子的语调。句意：①——当我外出的时候，有人给我打电话吗？②——有。一个名叫汤姆的男人。③——他说了些什么？英语中一般陈述句、感叹句、祈使句、特殊疑问句用降调；一般疑问句、反意疑问句的疑问部分表示不肯定时要用升调。分析三个句子，①是一般疑问句，故用升调；②是陈述句，故用降调；③是特殊疑问句，故用降调。综合以上可知本题选B。

(2018·甘肃天水) 10.①—My brother is in hospital.

②—I’m sorry to hear that. You have to look after him, don’t you?

③—No. My mother will do that.

A.①降调②降调③升调

B.①降调②升调③升调

C.①降调②降调③降调

D.①降调②升调③降调

10. D 【解析】考查句子的语调。句意：①——我的哥哥生病了，在住院。②——听到那我很难过。你不得不要照顾他，是不是？③——不用。我妈妈将会去照顾他。分析三个句子，①是陈述句，故用降调；②第二个句子是反意疑问句，其简短问句表示不确定情况询问证实，故用升调；③是陈述句，故用降调。综合以上可知本题选D。

词汇（每小题1分，共15分）

A）按照括号内的要求写出下列单词的相应形式。

11.dangerous(名词) 12.German(复数)

13.agree(反义词) 14.catch(单三)

15.two(序数词) 16.blue(同音词)

17.ill(最高级) 18.success(动词)

19.we(反身代词) 20.cost(过去分词)

11. danger 12.Germans 13.disagree 14.catches 15.second 16.blew 17.worst 18.succeed 19.ourselves 20.cost

B）根据句意及首字母提示或所给汉语意思写出句中所缺的单词。

21.Every coin has two s . You should use the internet in a proper way.

22.Can you c the poem from Du Fu into a song? I think it will be very wonderful.

23.Our government has p children in poor areas with food for free since 2011.

24.Her ways of learning English are similar to (我的).

25.Asking for help (礼貌地) is very important.

21. sides 【解析】句意：每一枚钱币都有两面，所以你要用适当的方式使用网络。结合句意可知填名词side，前面有two，故用复数sides。

22. change 【解析】句意：你能把来自杜甫的诗变成一首歌曲吗？我认为它将会很精彩。change sth. into sth.把某物变成某物。情态动词后加动词原形，故填change。

23. provided 【解析】句意：自从2011年以来，我们的政府免费给贫困地区的孩子提供食物。固定用法：provide sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。由句中的since 2011可知：本句要用现在完成时，结合句中的has可知填provided。

24. mine 【解析】句意：她的学习英语的方法和我的相类似。空格处指代“我的学英语的方法”，其后无名词，故用名词性的物主代词mine。

25. politely 【解析】句意：礼貌地求助时非常重要的。此处用副词politely修饰动词短语ask for help。故答案为politely。

Ⅲ.语法与情景交际（每小题1分，共25分）

26.I know film Peter Rabbit. It is story about a rabbit.

A.a, the

B./, the

C.the, a

D. the, /

26. C【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意：我了解电影《彼得兔》。它是关于一只兔子的一个故事。第一个空表示“特指”这部电影，故用定冠词the；第二个空表示“泛指”一个故事，且story是以辅音音素/s/开头，故填不定冠词a。故选C。

27.—Must I stay with him all day, Mum?

—No, you .

A.needn’t

B.can’t

C.don’t need

D.mustn’t

27. A 【解析】考查情态动词的用法辨析。句意：——妈妈，我必须整天都要和他待在一起吗？——不，你不必。needn’t不必；can’t不能，不可能；don’t need不需要；mustn’t一定不要。一般疑问句Must I+动词原形?意为“我必须……吗”，其肯定回答为：Yes, you must. (是的，你必须)；其否定回答为：No, you needn’t. (不，你不必)。故选A。

28. April 22nd, people around the world celebrate Earth Day different ways.

A.In, in

B.On, in

C.In, on

D.At, by

28. B 【解析】考查介词的用法。句意：在4月22日，世界各地的人们都以不同的方式庆祝地球日。表示在具体某一天，如在某月某日要用介词on。固定用法：in different ways，意为“用不同的方式”。故选B。

29.—How often do your teachers have a meeting?

—.

A.For one week

B.One week ago

C.In one week

D.Once a week

29.D 【解析】考查疑问句的答语。句意：——你们的老师多长时间开一次会？——________。for one week“一周”，为一段时间，对其提问用how long；one week ago意为“一周前”，表示过去的时间，提问用when；in one week意为“一周后”，表示将来的时间，提问用how soon；once a week意为“一周一次”。提问用how often。根据问句中的how often可知这里对频率提问，故用once a week回答。故选D。

30.—The number of tourists over 33 million this year.

—Yes. A large number of tourists so far because of the new look of our city.

A.is, have come

B.is, has come

C.are, has come

D.are, have come

30. A【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：——今年游客的数量已经达到三千三百多万人。——是的。因为我们城市的新面孔，到目前为止，大量的游客已经到来。固定用法：the number of 意为“……的数量”，作主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式；a large number of 意为“许多的；大量的”，后跟可数名词复数+动词原形。根据句意可知：第一个空格用单数is；第二个空格用have come。故选A。

31.A new robot by a middle school student last term.

A.invented

B.was invented

C.invents

D.is invented

31. B 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：上个学期一个中学生发明了一个新机器人。句子的主语A new robot和谓语动词invent之间是动宾关系，故句中的谓语动词要用被动语态。由句中的时间状语last term可知要用一般过去时的被动语态，且句子主语是单数。故用was invented。故选B。

32.Father’s Day is coming. I’m thinking about .

A.what present I gave him

B.where will we have a big meal

C.if I planned a party for him

D.how I will give him a surprise

32. D 【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。句意：父亲节就要到来了。我正考虑_______。A项：我给他买了什么礼物；B项：我们将在那里吃大餐；C项：我是否给他计划安排了一次派对；D项：我将怎样送给他一个惊奇。题设中“think about(考虑)”的应该是未来的事情，故排除A项和C项；宾语从句要用陈述句的语序，故排除B项。故选D。

33. wonderful The reader is! Many people enjoy the TV program.

A.What

B.How a

C.How

D.What a

33. C 【解析】考查感叹句的用法。句意：《朗读者》是多么精彩啊！许多人都喜欢看这个电视节目。感叹句由what或how引出，what后跟被强调的名词（短语）；how后跟被强调的形容词或副词。这里强调的是形容词wonderful，故用how引导感叹句。故选C。

34.We’re not sure if it tomorrow. If it , we won’t climb the South Hill.

A.will rain, rains

B.will rain, will rain

C.rains, rains

D.rains, will rain

34. A 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：我们不能确定明天是否将要会下雨。如果下雨的话，我们将不去爬南山。分析句子结构可知，第一个空格处是if引导的宾语从句，由句中的时间状语tomorrow可知：动词要用一般将来时will rain；第二个空格处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。故选A。

35.—When will A bite of ChinaⅢbegin tonight?

—It for ten minutes.

A.will begin

B.has begun

C.will be on

D.has been on

35. D 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：——今天晚上《舌尖上的中国第三部》将在什么时间开始播出？——它已经开始演了有10分钟了。结合语境可知答语要用现在完成时，句中的for ten minutes是一段时间，要求句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，终止系动词begin 不能跟一段时间连用。故用have been on。故选D。

36.Can you do the work well with time and people?

A.less, few

B.few, little

C.less, fewer

D.fewer, less

36. C 【解析】考查形容词的用法辨析。句意：你能用________的时间和________的人把这项工作做好吗？less为little的比较级，意为“更少的”，二者修饰不可数名词；fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少的”，二者修饰可数名词的复数。根据“do the work well”可知：用更少的时间和更少的人来完成工作。故选C。

37.In order for the competition, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.

A.not to be late

B.not being late

C.to be late

D.being late

37. A 【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了比赛不迟到，我的姐姐强迫她自己今天早上很早就起床了。in order to 意为“为了”，其后跟动词原形表示目的，其否定形式为：in order not to do sth.意为“为了不做某事”。根据句意故选A。

38.Danny met a famous astronaut was the first Canadian astronaut in space.

A.which

B.what

C.whose

D.who

38. D 【解析】考查定语从句的引导词的用法。句意：丹尼遇到了一位著名的宇航员，他是进入太空的第一位加拿大宇航员。which指代物，whose指代人或物，先行词在定语从句中作定语；who指代人，先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what一般不引导定语从句。这里先行词astronaut是人，在从句中作主语，故用who引导。故选D。

39.His joke is to make us all .

A.enough funny, laugh

B.funny enough, laugh

C.enough funny, to laugh

D.funny enough, to laugh

39. B 【解析】考查副词的用法和非谓语动词的用法。句意：他的笑话足够搞笑，惹得我们都大笑起来。enough 在这里用作副词，意为“足够地”，可修饰形容词或副词，要放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后，故第一个空格用funny enough。使役动词make后跟不定式作宾语补足语要省去不定式符号to，即make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，故第二个空格用laugh。故选B。

40.—Always yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.

—I feel the same way. One should believe in himself.

A.connect

https://www.docsj.com/doc/339727770.html,plain

https://www.docsj.com/doc/339727770.html,pare

D.consider

40. C【解析】考查动词的词义辨析。句意：——总是把你自己和其他人______，你可能会有几顿重的压力。——我也有同样的感觉。一个人应该相信他自己。connect连接；complain 抱怨；compare比较；consider考虑。由“One should believe in himself”可知是指“不要总是攀比别人”，故用compare sb. with sb. 意为“把某人和某人相比较”。故选C。

41.Taxi Apps(打车软件) can help us travel around more easily. more and more people like using them.

A. Or

B. So

C. And

D. But

41. B 【解析】考查连词的用法辨析。句意：打车软件可以帮助我们到处旅游变得更容易。_________ 越来越多的人们喜欢用它们。or意为“或者；否则不然”，表示选择或转折关系；so意为“因此”，表示前因后果关系；and意为“并且”，表示并列关系；but意为“但是”，表示转折关系。根据句意可知：这里要用连词so，表示“因为打车软件好用，因此很多人喜欢用”。故选B。

42.—How do you say “1：57” in English?

—It’s .

A.three past two

B.fifty-seven past one

C.three to one

D.three to two

42. D 【解析】考查数词的用法。句意：——在英语中，你如何表达“1点57分”？——时间是_______。时刻的间接表达法：当分钟数小于30的时候，用“原分钟数+past+原小时数”，意为“几点过几分”；当分钟数大于30时，用“(60－原分钟数)+to+(原小时数+1)”，意为“差几分钟不到下一个钟点”。这里表示“一点五十七”，故用“three to two”。故选D。

43.—There is in Tina’s WeChat shop.

—So that’s why I decide to buy the present in shop.

A.something special; other

B.special something; the other

C.nothing special; another

D.special nothing; others

43. C 【解析】考查不定代词的用法。句意：——在Tina的微信商店里有________。——因此那就是我决定在_______商店里买这份礼物的原因。形容词special修饰不定代词something 或nothing，要放在不定代词之后；故先排除选项B和D。something special意为“特别的某个东西”；nothing special意为“没有特别的东西”；other“其他的”；another表示“三者或三者以上当中的另一个”。根据语境可知：这里表示“Tina的微商没有什么稀罕的东西，因此第二个人打算再找一家商店买礼物”。故选C。

44.—You look worried. You’d better your problem with others.

—Oh, yes. a problem is like cutting it in half.

A.share, Sharing

B.sharing, To share

C.to share, To share

D.share, Shared

44. A 【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法和祈使句的用法。句意：——你看起来很担心。你最好和其他人分享你的问题。——哦，是的。分享一个问题就像把它切成两半。习惯用法：had better do sth.最好做某事，第二空是动名词作主语。故选A。

45.There great changes in Tianshui in next ten years.

A.are

B.were

C.will be

D.are going to have

45. C 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：在未来的十年里，在天水市将会有巨大的变化。本句为there be句型。结合句中的时间状语“in next ten years”可知：要用there be句型的将来时there will be或There is/ are going to be。故选C。

46.—What day was it yesterday?

—.

A.It is Monday

B.It was June 17th

C.It is June 17th

D.It was Monday

46. D 【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——昨天星期几？——________。A项：(今天)星期一。句中的be动词用的是一般现在时单数is，故排除；B项：昨天是6月17日；C项：今天是6月17日；D项：昨天星期一。由问句中的“What day was it yesterday”可知要选D。

47.It took us one week this article by Mo Yan.

A.read, written

B.to read, written

C.reading, to write

D.to read, to write

47. B 【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我们花费了一个星期的时间才阅读这个由莫言创作的作品。固定用法：It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“某人花费一些时间做某事”。故第一个空格用不定式to read作真正的主语，句中it是形式主语；第二个空格用过去分词written作定语，修饰名词article，表示被动。故选B。

48.We all know that light faster than sound.

A.travels

B.to travel

C.travelling

D. travelled

48. A 【解析】考查宾语从句中动词的时态。句意：我们都知道光比声音传播得快。“光比声音传播得快”是一个客观事实。故宾语从句要用一般现在时。故选A。

49.—What’s Han Mei like?

—.

A.She is a volunteer

B.She studies very hard

C.She likes skating

D.She is heavy but beautiful

49. D 【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——韩梅是个什么样的人？——________。A项：她是一个志愿者；B项：她学习非常努力；C项：她喜欢滑冰；D项：她体格很重，但是很漂亮。固定用法：be like意为“像什么样子”，综合四选项故选D。

50.—! Hope is always around you.

—Thank you, Miss Liu.

A.Don’t thank goodness

B.Don’t be lazy

C.Never lose heart

D.Never be confident

50. C 【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——________ ！希望总是伴随着你。——谢谢你，刘老师。A项：不要谢天谢地；B项：不要懒惰；C项：不要灰心；D项：从来不要充满信心。根据“Hope is always around you”可知：刘老师在安慰、鼓励对方。C项符合语境。故选C。Ⅳ. 阅读理解1（每小题2分，共20分）

(2018·甘肃天水)A

Easy to make and cheap to buy, instant noodles(方便面) are popular in China. But sales of instant noodles continue to fall these years. So what’s going on? Here are some possible reasons.

People want better food

Instant noodles are very easy to cook. However, Chinese people’s lives have improved a lot. More and more people are interested in life quality instead of just having a full stomach.

Trains

About 20 years ago, people usually ate instant noodles during long train journeys in China. But now trains run faster and faster and people have more choices about food on the train.

Ordering food online

Many apps on the phone can offer food delivery(递送) to your home, school, office or wherever you are. These meals are more delicious than instant noodles.

51.Are instant noodles easy to make and expensive to buy.

A.No. They are difficult to make and expensive to buy.

B.No. They are easy to make and cheap to buy.

C.Yes. They are easy to make and cheap to buy.

D.Yes. They are difficult to make and expensive to buy.

52.Why do sales of instant noodles continue to fall these years?

A.Because Chinese people’s lives have improved a lot in recent years.

B.Because people seldom take instant noodles on the train.

C.Because people are not interested in noodles.

D.Because people want better food, they have more choices on the train and ordering food online is popular.

53.What do more and more people prefer to have now?

A.A full stomach

B.Life quality

C.Instant noodles

D.Fast food

54.What did people eat during long train journeys about 20 years ago in China?

A.People usually ate instant noodles.

B.People hardly ate instant noodles.

C.Only children ate instant noodles.

D.People ate hand-made noodles.

55.Which of the following is True?

A.people can’t order food online.

B.Instant noodles are more delicious than the ordered-food.

C.Many people have ordered food through apps on the phone recently.

D.It’s hard to get ordered-food wherever you are.

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。谈论的是近些年来，在中国深受欢迎的方便面的销售市场持续退缩。文中介绍了出现这种情况的几方面的原因。一是人们生活水平提高了，人们的吃饭兴趣已经从填饱肚子转向食品的营养和质量；二是火车提速了，旅程缩短了，人们在火车上有更多的食物选择；三是可以手机上网订餐，快递到家，并且食品的味道比方便面好多了。

51. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：方便面制作起来容易，并且买起来便宜吗？根据第一段首句“Easy to make and cheap to buy, instant noodles are popular in China.”可知：是的，它们制作起来容易，并且买起来便宜。故选C。

52. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么这些年来，方便面的销售市场持续下滑？A 项意为：因为在近些年来，中国人的生活水平已经提高了很多；B项意为：因为人们在火车上很少吃方便面；C项意为：因为人们对面条不感兴趣；D项：因为人们想要吃更好的食物，他们在火车上有更多的选择，并且网上订餐很受欢迎。通读原文加粗字体以及其后各段的具体解释可知选项D总结较为全面。故选D。

53. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现在越来越多的人们更喜欢吃什么？A项：填饱肚子；B项：生活质量；C项：方便面；D项：快餐。根据第二段中的“More and more people are interested in life quality instead of just having a full stomach”可知：现在人们的饮食追求的是生活的质量，而不是填饱肚子。故选B。

54. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在中国大约20年前，人们在长途火车旅行期间吃什么？A项：他们通常吃方便面；B项：人们几乎不吃方便面；C项：只有孩子吃方便面；D项：人们吃手擀面条。根根据第三段中的“About 20 years ago, people usually ate instant noodles during long train journeys in China”可知：当时人们通常吃方便面。故选A。

55. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下列说法哪一项是正确的？A项：人们不能网上订餐；B项：方便面比(网上)预订的食物更美味；C项：最近许多人已经通过手机软件在网上订过餐；D项：无论你在哪里，很难收到网上预订的食物。通读原文可知：A项、B项和D 项说法都是错误的；根据最后一段中的“Many apps on the phone can offer food delivery to your home, school, office or wherever you are. These meals are more delicious than instant noodles”可知：网上订餐接收方便，并且食物也比方便面好吃，故推断：近段时间以来这种订餐应该是深受欢迎。故C项说法正确。故选C。

(2018·甘肃天水)B

Have you ever paid attention to the Air Quality Index(空气质量指标) or AQI reported in the newspaper? The AQI helps us understand what the air quality around us means to our health. The AQI uses colors, numbers and words to tell us about the air. Let’s see what these colors, and

, the air quality is good for most people.

A.yellow

B.orange

C.red

D.purple

57.When the AQI color is purple, the AQI number may be .

A.96

B.129

C.167

D.258

58.The AQI number is, the air quality is.

A.smaller, worse

B.smaller, better

C.bigger, better

D.bigger, meet

59.The doctor advises Mr.Zhao if the AQI number is between 151 to 200 because lung disease.

A.to spend less time indoors

B.to stay outdoors often for fresh air

C.never to spend any time outdoors

D.not to stay outdoors for a long time

60.Which of the following is True?

A.If the AQI number is 120, the AQI color will be yellow.

B.The AQI can’t help people know the air quality.

C.If the AQI color is orange, the air is the best for people.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是空气质量指标的高低程度直接影响人的健康指数、是否适宜户外活动，甚至直接影响人的健康和生命。文中以表格的形式向我们详细介绍了空气质量指标的颜色、空气质量指标的具体数据、人们的健康指数以及人们应该采取的相应对策之间的关系。

56. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果空气质量的颜色是________，空气质量对于大多数人是有好处的。根据表格中第三横栏中的“yellow”以及“Air quality is fine for most people”可知：答案应该是黄色。故选A。

57. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当空气质量的颜色是紫色时，空气质量指标的数据可能是_______ 。根据表格中最后一横行中purple所对应的数据是：201—300，结合各选项可知答案应选D。

58. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：空气质量指标的数据越_______ ，空气质量越_______。A项意为：数据越小，质量越差；B项意为：数据越小，质量越好；C项意为：数据越大，质量越好；B项意为：数据越大，质量越好。综合分析表格中第二竖行和第三竖行，不难发现规律：数据越小，空气质量越好；反之，数据越大，质量则越差。故选B。

59. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果空气质量指标的数据是在151到200之间，医生建议患有肺病的赵先生_____。A项：花费更少的时间在室内；B项：经常待在户外，呼吸新鲜空气；C项：从来不在户外度过任何时间；D项：不要待在户外太长的时间。这组数据应该对应表格第五横行。根据该横行对应最后一竖行中的“Active children and adults and people with lung disease should spend less time outdoor.”可知：患有肺病的人们以及活动量大的孩子或成年人不要在户外待太长的时间。故选D。

60. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下列说法哪一项是正确的？A项：如果空气质量指标的数据是120，空气质量的颜色将会是黄色；B项：空气质量指标不能帮助人们了解空气质量；C项：如果空气质量的颜色是橙色，那么空气质量对人们来说是最好的；D项：得肺病的人们对空气非常敏感。通读原文可知：A项、B项和C项说法都是错误的；根据最后一横栏中的“People with lung disease and active kids and adults should not spend any time outdoor.”可知：当空气质量最差时，患有肺病的人们呼吸困难，在户外不能停留任何时间。故推断D项说法正确。故选D。

(2018·甘肃天水)Ⅴ. 口语交际（从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话，其中有两项为多余选

A:Hello, Li Lin.

B:Hello, everyone. You are all here 61

A:We are planning for a goodbye party, for the three years’ middle school life will be over.

B:That sounds good. Can I join the party?

A: 62 Everyone in our class is welcome.

B:Great! Is there anything I can do to help?

A: Let me see. 63

B:Yes, I do. II have a digital camera.

A:We want to take some photos. They may help us remember the time we had in middle school in the future. 64

B:Not at all. I’m sure to bring it to the party. Anything else?

A:Well, would you like to get some snacks for the party with me?

B: 65 Let’s go.

【对话大意】对话设计的话题是谈论关于举办毕业派对的准备工作。

A. 你有相机吗？

B. 谢谢你的建议。

C. 你在这做什么？

D. 是的，我愿意。

E. 不是很好。

F. 当然。

G. 你是否介意把他带到聚会来？

61. C【解析】阅读对话，根据答语“我正在计划开一个分别派对”可知问句应该是“你正在干什么？”，故答案为C。

62. F【解析】结合语境上文“我能参加聚会吗？”和下文“每个人都欢迎”，可知此处意为“当然可以”，故答案选F。

63. A【解析】根据下文的答语Yes, I do可知上文问句是do开头的一般疑问句。故答案选A。

64. G【解析】根据下文“我一定把它带到聚会来”，可知上文表示征求“能否带到聚会来”的建议，故答案选G。

65. D【解析】根据上文would like开头的疑问句，可知用yes, I’d like to 回答，故答案选D。

(2018·甘肃天水)Ⅵ. 句型转换。按照括号内的要求转换下列句型，每空只填一词(每空1分，共10分)

66.Let’s discuss where we will go after our exam.(改为简单句)

Let’s discuss where after our exam.

67.Don’t throw away the rubbish everywhere, ?(完成反意疑问句)

68.Susan has been a volunteer for protecting animals for three years.(对画线部分提问)

has Susan been a volunteer for protecting animals?

69.My mother does the housework every day.(改为否定句)

My mother the housework every day.

70.If you don’t work har d, you will fall behind.(改为同义句)

, or you will fall behind.

66. to go 【解析】句意：让我们讨论一下考试过后我们要去哪里。本句考查where引导的宾语从句和“疑问词where+动词不定式”，故填to go。

67. shall we【解析】否定祈使句的反义疑问句用shall we，故填shall we。

68. How long【解析】原句画线部分意为“三年”就时间段提问用how long，故填How long。

69. doesn’t do 【解析】原句是一般现在时，含有实意动词does，要借助助动词doesn’t构成否定，助动词后用does的动词原形do，故填doesn’t do。

70. Work hard 【解析】原句句意：如果你不努力，你将会落在后面。根据转换句的or意为“否则”，可知变为同义句是祈使句，即“努力工作，否则你将会落在后面”。祈使句是动词原形开头，故填work hard。

(2018·甘肃天水)Ⅶ. 完形填空(每空1分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，从短文之后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was 71 that China’s left-behind children were more than 60 million. The news reminded Li Junlin 72 his early years as one of the left-behind children, so Li began to write the story of The Class of one. Later, Li turned the story into a 73 .

In the 74 movie, the child’s father died in an accident while working in a city. His mother also left home. His teacher didn’t want him to be upset. He tried 75 best to fill the child’s life with hope and 76 . He never gave up helping the child in every possible way.

77 the child was the last and only student at the primary school, the teacher kept on teaching him 78 he graduated from the school.

Li hopes the movie will make more people 79 left-behind children who need more love and 80 .

71.A.reports B.reported C.to report D.reporting

72.A.at B.in C.of D.by

73.A.song B.book C.program D.movie

74.A.106-minute B.106-minutes C.106-minute’s D.106-minutes’

75.A.he B.him C.himself D.his

76.A.disappointment B.sadness C.warmth D.worry

77.A.Because B.Although C.When D.Since

78.A.as B.while C.after D.until

79.A.look B.notice C.listen D.talk

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是电影《一个人的课堂》的开拍背景、故事情节以及创作意图等。该影片是由李军林编剧并导演的一部反映偏远农村地区外出务工人员增多，学校变得落寞，教师和学生人数越来越少。最后只剩下一位老师给一个留守儿童上课，但是老师却从来没有放弃，直到尽职尽责地把孩子送到小学毕业。李军林导演期望通过这部影片，呼吁更多的人们关注那些缺少爱和关怀的留守儿童。

71. B 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：据报道中国的留守儿童的人数超过六千万。主语it和动词report之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was reported，意为“被报道”。72. B 【解析】考查介词的用法辨析。句意：新闻中提到在他小的时候，也曾经是一个留守儿童，因此李开始创作《一个人的课堂》这个故事。at后跟具体的时刻“几点几分”；in后跟较长的不具体到某一天的时间；of意为“……的”；by“被；由”。固定用法：in the early days意为“在早期的岁月里”。

73. B 【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。句意：后来，李把他的这故事改编成__________。song 歌曲；book书；program节目；movie电影。根据下文“In the movie”可知应该是拍成“电影”。故选D。

74. A 【解析】考查复合形容词的用法。句意：在这部电影里，孩子的父亲在城市务工期间死于一场事故中。带有连字符的复合形容词作定语，修饰名词movie，复合形容词中的名词要用单数，各单词之间用短横线连起来。故选A。

75. D 【解析】考查代词的用法辨析。he代词的主格，意为“他”；him代词的宾格，“他”；himself反身代词，“他自己”；his物主代词，“他的”。固定用法：try one’s best意为“尽某人的最大努力”。选D。

76. C 【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。句意：他尽他的最大努力来让这个孩子的生活充满希望和_________。disappointment失望；sadness伤心；warmth温暖；worry担心。根据上文“His teacher didn’t want him to be upset”可知他尽力让孩子的生活充满温暖。故选C。77. B 【解析】考查连词的用法辨析。句意：_________这个孩子是这所小学里的最后一个，也是唯一的学生，老师坚持一直教他。because因为；although尽管；when当……时候；since “自从……以来；既然”。根据句意判断这里要用although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管只剩下他自己，老师也不放弃”。

78. D 【解析】考查连词的用法辨析。句意：这个老师一直教他学习，_________他从这所学校里毕业。as当……时，因为；while和……同时；after在……之后；until直到……为止。根据句意判断这里要用until引导时间状语从句，表示“坚持教育他，直到他完成这一阶段的学习为止”。

79. B 【解析】考查动词用法辨析。句意：李希望通过他拍的这部电影，能够让更多的人_________留守儿童。look看；notice注意到；listen听；talk谈话。结合选项可知应是希望更多人关注少年儿童，故用notice。故选B。

80. A 【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：……关心那些需要更多的爱和_________的留守儿童。care用作动词或名词，“关心”；care是动词的单数；careful用作形容词，意为“小心的”；carefully用作副词，意为“小心地”。结合前面的名词love可知这里要用不可数名词care，表示“缺少爱和关怀”。故选A。

B卷(50分)

(2018·甘肃天水)Ⅷ. 完型填空2(每空1分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nowadays square dancing has been becoming popular. Some public places are usually

81 (crowd) with dancers, especially in the morning and evening.

We all agree that square dancing is a good way to keep healthy, 82 for the old.

83 ,it is money-saving. But it also causes noise 84 (pollute). Many people suffer from the noise 85 by the loud music. The can’t work, study 86 sleep well. They feel very angry and some 87 argue with the dancers.

In my opinion, the dancers should turn 88 the volume while dancing. In addition, our government should build 89 (many) public places for them, such as squares and parks. People

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。谈论的是作者对当今非常流行的广场舞的看法和认识。作者一方面认为广场舞有益于健身，同时指出它也造成了噪音污染，给周围的居民的工作、学习和生活造成不好的影响。最后作者提出来一些改进办法和处理措施。

81. crowded【解析】考查形容词。句意：一些公共场合通常都挤满了跳舞的人，特别是在早晨和傍晚。固定用法：be crowded with意为“挤满……”，故填形容词crowded，意为“挤满的”。

82. especially 【解析】考查副词的用法。句意：我们都同意这种观点，认为广场舞是一种保持身体健康的好方法，特别是对于老年人来说。分析语境可知，此处表示强调。故填especially，意为“特别地；尤其”。

83. besides 【解析】考查副词。句意：另外，它还能节省钱。这里表示广场舞的优点除了能让人健身之外，由于不需要支付场地费等，所以几乎不花钱。故用副词besides，意为“除了……之外还有；此外”。

84. pollution 【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：但是广场舞却造成了噪音污染。给定词pollute 为动词，“污染”。这里要用其名词形式pollution作动词cause的宾语。

85. caused 【解析】考查动词的过去分词。句意：许多人遭受这种噪杂的音乐所造成的噪音的伤害。此处为过去分词作定语，表示被动。故填caused。

86. or 【解析】考查连词的用法。句意：他们不能很好地工作、学习和睡觉。在否定句中表示并列列举，用or不用and。故填or，意为“和；或者”。

87. even 【解析】考查副词的用法。句意：他们感到非常生气，有些人甚至于跳舞的人争论起来。故用副词even表示程度加深，意为“甚至”。

88. down 【解析】考查副词的用法。句意：在我看来，跳舞的人在他们跳舞时，应该把音乐的音量调低。turn down意为“调低声音”。

89. more 【解析】考查形容词的用法。句意：另外，我们的政府部门应该为他们搭建更多的公共场合，比如广场和公园。根据句意可知要用给定形容词many的比较级more，表示“(比原来)更多的公共娱乐场所”。故填more。

90. disturbing【解析】考查动名词。句意：人们可以在不干扰其他人的前提下开心地跳舞。介词without意为“没有”，后跟动名词作介词的宾语。故填disturbing，意为“打扰”。(2018·甘肃天水)Ⅸ. 阅读理解2(每空2分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Spare the rod, spoil the child(不打不成器). Many parents believe it. 91 and that it might result in violence（暴力）.

“We are not saying that spanking(打屁股) children must cause violence, but parents are taking it as an example for their children. 92 they may think that spanking children is a right way and they may carry that forward and get in trouble at last,”said Jeff Temple.

In the study, Temple’s group interviewed 758 persons. About 69 percent said they were spanked during childhood, and 93 Spanking makes children have poor relationships with their parents later in life. 94 but in order to avoid the punishment, they may tell a lie.

Parents are the most important people to children and 95

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。谈论的是家长体罚孩子到底对不对。体罚只能短时间对孩子有效，但是打孩子只会让孩子惧怕父母，造成家长和孩子之间的关系恶化；另外体罚还损害孩子的认知发展，使其错误地认为体罚是教育孩子的正确的办法。

91. D 【解析】联系上文“许多家长都相信：孩子不打不成器”，可判断句意为：体罚孩子可能在短时间内对孩子有效果，并且那有可能会导致暴力。故选D。

92. E 【解析】联系上文“但是有些家长认为打孩子的屁股是天经地义的”，可判断句意为：当孩子们在体罚中长大时，他们可能会认为体罚孩子是一种正确的方式，他们可能继续效仿去做，最后可能会出问题。故选E。

93. B 【解析】联系上文“大约69%的被采访的人都说他们在儿童时代被体罚过”，可知：他们在这样的环境下成长，长期以来心理上可能会产生一种错误的认识。故推断句意为：并且他们认为体罚是正常的，没有人是完美的。故选B。

94. C 【解析】联系下文“为了避免受惩罚，他们可能会说谎”，可判断句意为一项最新研究表明：体罚对孩子们来说是没有好处的。故选C。

95. A 【解析】联系上文“家长对孩子们来说是最重要的”，可判断句意为：孩子们几乎所有的东西都是从他们那里学来的。故选A。

注意：第93题和第95题空格处都不在句子的开头，故这两个空格要从各选项中句首单词的第一个字母不大写的。

(2018·甘肃天水)Ⅹ. 翻译(每小题2分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容和情景，把文章中的划线句子(英语或汉语)翻译成汉语或英语。

Once upon a time, there was no tea at all in England. (96)那里的人们过去常常喝啤酒. No coffee or milk but large glasses of beer stood on the breakfast table!

(97)When tea was first brought to England, an old couple got some as a special treat. But they did not know how it should be used. The cooked the leaves in hot water, and spread them on a piece of bacon(熏肉) which they were going to have for dinner. They ate the leaves, and threw the tea away! However, (98)如今在英国，茶正变得和牛奶、咖啡一样受欢迎.

Tea is the leaf of a plant which grows widely in China, Japan and some other countries. Tea farmers usually grow a great many tea plants on a large piece of land. (99)When the tea leaves are ready to be picked, it is the busiest time for tea farmers in a year. They pull off the leaves and dry them. In their spare time, they pick out the best leaves and get them ready for market. (100) In China, whenever a visitor comes into a house, he is served with a cup of tea.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是茶起初从中国传播到英国的时候，英国人并不知道如何正确使用，他们当时错误的做法令人啼笑皆非，而今在英国，茶正变得和牛奶、咖啡一样受欢迎。本文还介绍了中国的茶农是如何辛苦采茶的，以及茶是中国家庭招待客人的首选之物。

96. The people there used to drink beer. 【解析】这个句子涉及到固定用法：used to +动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”。

97. 当茶第一次被带到英国的时候，作为特别的招待，一对年老的夫妇得到了一些茶。【解析】本句为when引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。句中的was brought是一般过去时的被动语态，意为“被带到”。名词couple意为“一对；夫妻俩”；介词as意为“作为”。

98. Nowadays / Now in England, tea is becoming as popular as milk and coffee. 【解析】表示“正变得”，要用现在进行时，主语是不可数名词tea，故用is becoming。固定用法：as +形容词的原级+as，意为“和……一样”。

99. 当到了准备采摘茶叶的时候，对于茶农来说，这是一年当中最忙的时候。【解析】when 引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。句中的be ready to do sth. 是固定用法，意为“准备好做某事”；be picked是被动语态，意为“被采摘”。the busiest是形容词的最高级，意为“最繁忙的”。

100. 在中国，无论什么时候有拜访者来到家里，(主人)总是泡一杯茶来招待他。【解析】连词whenever意为“无论何时”；is served with是一般现在时的被动语态，意为“被招待，被服务”。

(2018·甘肃天水)Ⅺ. 短文改错(每小题1分，共10分)

假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When Mr.David retired, he bought a small house in a village. He liked it and hoped himself to live a quiet life in it. But to his surprise, lots of tourists came see his house because it was the most interesting buildings in the village. They always looked into the rooms through the windows and many of them even went in to David garden. So he puts a notice on the window. A notice said:“If you want to satisfy your curiosity, come in and look around. Price: twenty dollars.” Mr.David was surely that the visitors would stop coming, but he was wrong. Plenty of visitors came and he had to pay every day showing them around his house. “I came here to retire, not to work for a guide. he said angrily. In the end, he sold the house and moving away.”

本来希望过个清静的日子，但是每天许多游客都来参观她的房子。于是大卫在门上挂了一个“参观收费”的牌子，不料参观的人比原来却更多了。最后大卫不得不把房子卖掉，搬到别处去住了。

1. himself→himself 【解析】考查动词hope的用法。hope后可动词不定式作宾语，但不跟不定式作宾语补足语。故表示“希望自己去做某事”，用hope to do sth.

2. came see→came ∧see

to

【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。动词come后跟动词不定式to see作目的状语。

3. buildings→building 【解析】考查名词。结合该原因状语从句的主语和谓语it was可知这里指“它是这个村里最有趣的建筑物”，故用名词单数building。

4. David→David’s 【解析】考查名词的所有格。这里指“大卫的花园”，故要用名词的所有格David’s，作定语修饰名词garden。

5. puts→put 【解析】考查动词的时态。联系上下文，这里是叙述过去的故事，故句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时，动词put的过去式还是put。

6. A→The 【解析】考查冠词的用法。上文已经提到“(put) a notice”，这里第二次出现“这个通知”，表示特指，要用定冠词the。

7. surely→sure 【解析】考查形容词。此处用在be动词后作表语，要用形容词sure，表示“确定的”。而surely为副词，常用在行为动词之后作状语。

8. pay→spend 【解析】考查动词的用法。固定用法：sb. +spend+时间+(in) doing sth. 意为“某人花费时间做某事”；sb. +pay+钱+for+物，意为“某人买某物支付多少钱”。由句中的“showing them”可知要用spend。have to意为“不得不”，后跟动词原形。

9. for→as 【解析】考查介词。句意：我来这儿是退休(休闲)的，不是来当导游工作的。根据句意故要用介词as，意为“作为，以……的身份”。

10. moving→moved 【解析】考查动词的时态。本句为连词and连接的并列句，前后两个分句中的动词的时态要一致，由不规则动词sell的过去式sold可知：现在分词moving要改为过去式moved。

Ⅻ. 写作(10分)

(2018·甘肃天水)今年上映的大型纪录片《厉害了！我的国》Amazing China!展现了我国近几年来各个领域的巨大变化和取得的伟大成就。请你以Amazing China!为题，从中学生的角度介绍你身边的变化。

写作要求：1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯。

2.词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。

3.文中不得出现真实的姓名，校名和地名。

（参考词汇：free breakfast, shared-bikes(共享单车), high-speed train(高铁), subway(地铁)，WeChat Pay(微信支付), community service(社区服务), life quality）

Amazing!China!

I’m very proud of my country-China, especially after watching the documentary Amazing! China! Actually, our life has changed a lot in recent years.

【审题指导】

1. 本题要求考生结合所给提示要点，写一篇结合身边的发展变化，反映中国近年来在各个领域所发生的巨大变化，以及取得的伟大成就的文章，属于说明文。

2. 因为介绍的是周围社会环境的发展变化，应该采用第三人称；因为介绍的是社会现象，故时态方面采用一般现在时。

3. 要包含所有提示要点，并且有所发挥。

4. 语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确；不得出现真实信息；词数不少于80词。

【高分范文】

Amazing!China!

I’m very proud of my country-China, especially after watching the documentary Amazing! China! Actually, our life has changed a lot in recent years.

First, there are some shared-bikes around us. T hey’re very helpful and convenient for us to travel to places not too far away from our home.

Secondly, lots of restaurants offer the old and disabled people free breakfast. Besides, the government provide textbooks, meals for all the primary and junior middle school students for free. The old people over sixty ages can get some money from the government every month to feed themselves.

Thirdly, you can see high-speed trains, subways and high-speed roads everywhere in China. It shows China is developing fastest in the world.

What’s more, WeChat Pay i s widely used in cities, towns and villages. The Chinese People of all ages can use their smart phones to shop online, watch the latest movies. Lots of foreigners can hardly believe their eyes.

Finally, all kinds of community services are good for Chinese people, including medical, educational and other part of our life. All these mean we are improving our life quality.

How amazing China is! We’re proud of our country!

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