高考英语非谓语动词解析版汇编含解析

高考英语非谓语动词解析版汇编含解析

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1． ______ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A．Working out B．Worked out

C．To work out D．Work out

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell 教授

咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。

【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？

1) 目的状语。To?only

to 仅( 仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such) 如此??a以s 便to

??()

如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say

good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，

要放在句子后面。如：What have I said to make you angry ？我说什么让您生气了？He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜查了房间什么也没找到。

3) 表原因。如：I'm sorry to hear your father is ill 听说你父亲病了很难过。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。

【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014 年四川卷第7 题相似—Good

idea.To find more about it, visit this website. 这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。

非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词

不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可

以轻松解题。

2．The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _____ right from wrong. A．distinguished B．distinguishing

C．to distinguish D．to be distinguished

【答案】B

【解析】试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth 是固定词组。The lecture mainly

deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong 在这个句子中，

deal with 的宾语是trouble ，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble 这个词的定语从句。

考点：固定用法考查点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。

3．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _______ from the library

A．to borrow B．borrowed C．to be borrowed D．borrowing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps，因为maps 和borrow 是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词做定语，故选B。

4．（天津）I didn't mean __________ anything but the ice cream looked so good that I

couldn ' t help _______ it.

A．to eat ；to try B．eating；trying

C．eating；to try D．to eat；trying

【答案】D 【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do （打算做），couldn 't help diong 忍不住

做。故选D。

点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can't help to do st不h.能帮助做”与“couldn 't help doin忍g 不住做”之间的含义。

5．Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.

A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市民中引起了激烈的争论。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语是 a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate 。可见，句子结构是完整的，因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey 与compare 之间存在主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。故选B。

6．He had wonderful childhood, __ with his mother to all corners of the world.

A．travel B．to travel C．traveled D．traveling

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他有着美好的童年，跟母亲到过世界各地。分析句子可知，用非谓语动词形

travel 式，逻辑主语He 与travel 之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。故选D。

7．Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ______ in a short period.

A．improved B．improving

C．to improve D．improve

【答案】A

【解析】

宾语written English 与improve 之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。

8．Tsinghua University, _______ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A．found B．founding C．founded D．to be founded

【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 建立于1911 年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。Tsinghua University 和found 之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选C。

9．Jack wasn ' t appointed chairman of the committee, _____ not very oppular with all its members.

A．to be considered B．considering C．having considered D．considered

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克没有被任命为委员会主席，考虑到他的所有成员都不太受欢迎。句中主语Jack 和动词consider 是被动关系指被别人考虑，用过去分词作状语，不用不定式或-ing 形式，故选D.

10．Time, ______ correctly, is money in the bank.

A．to use B．used C．using D．use

【答案】B

【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构，所填成分是对主句的补充说明，因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则，判断出use与主语time 之间为被动，因此直接得出答案B。句意：时间，如果使用得当的话，就是存在银行里的钱。

11．127．Everything ____ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home.

A．having taken B．to be taken C．being taken D．taken

【答案】D 【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意：考虑到一切，她最终决定继续在家接受教

育。因为本题逗号前后没有连词，所以逗号前面不能是句子。故使用独立主格结构。因为everything 与take into consideration 构成被动关系，故使用过去分词的形式。故D 正确。【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。本句="After" everything was taken into consideration.

独立主格结构，是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。在该结构中，名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在句中作状语，表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随，方式或结果”等含义。其位置比较灵活，放于句首句末均可。

1. 名词（代词）+现在分词

The clock striking twelve , I went to bed. （表原因）

2. 名词（代词）+过去分词

He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast. （表伴随）

3. 名词（代词）+不定式

Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month. （表伴随）

4. 名词（代词）+形容词短语

Her face pale with anger , she rose to go away.（表原因）

5. 名词（代词）+介词短语

Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand. （表方式）

6. 名词（代词）+副词短语

Summer over, the students returned to school. （表原因）

7. 名词（代词）+名词短语

His first shot a failure, Tom fired again. （表原因）

12．The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.

A．starting B．being started

C．to start D．to be started

【答案】A

【解析】

选A start 与逻辑主语the lecture 之间为主动关系，故排除B、D 两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C 项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.-ing 形式/不定式的

完成式；如果同时进行用v.-ing 形式或不定式的进行式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后用不定式的一般式。

13．In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man ___ an Olympic gold medal in swimming. A．winning B．to win

C．having won D．being won

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：在2012 年，孙杨成为第一个获得奥运会游泳比赛金牌的中国男运动员。当名词前面有序数词修饰或被修饰的词就是序数词的时候，通常要用不定式作定语。如the first to come and the last to leave ，本句中Chinese man 前面有序数词the first 修饰，所以后面要用不定式作定语。故 B 项正确。

14．115．____ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank- you note on Mother 's Day. A．Expressing B．Expressed C．To express D．Having expressed 【答案】C

【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：为了表达他的爱，克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的，故选C。

15．Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man __ from around 2,300 B ．C．A．dated B．dating C．dates D．to date

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：几年前，他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300 年左右的男子坟墓。date from 表示“追溯到（某一时期），始于（某一时期）”，a tomb of a man （男子的坟墓）与date from 之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作后置定语，若用句子表示二者之间的关系，可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 B ．C．故选B。

16．Children who are over-protected by their parents may become ___ .

A．hurt B ．spoiled C．damaged D．harmed 【答案】B

【解析】试题分析：考查动词辨析：句意：过分受父母保护的孩子可能会被惯坏。spoil 作为动词有“宠坏，溺爱”的意思，这里用动词的过去分词作形容词。hurt 指对身体或感情上的伤害；damaged 指被毁坏或破坏（好像多指物）；harmed 指被损害，被伤害，被危害。选B。考点：考查动词辨析

17．Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when ____ to sunlight. A．exposed B．to expose C．exposing D．being exposed

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：考查非谓语动词。本题考查短语be exposed to 暴露与??。句意：处理这种化

学物质时要小心，因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。故A 正确。

考点：考查非谓语动词

18． ____ to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well.

A．Exposed B．Being exposed C．Having exposed D．To expose

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的办法。这里is 是谓语，前面是主语，应该用动名词，而且be exposed to 暴“露于，接触”，所以选B。

考点：考查动名词做主语

19．Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some ______ a life span of around 20 years. A．having B．had C．have D．to have

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：蝙蝠是一种寿命很长的动物，有的寿命约为20 年。根据与前面句子是逗号连接，没有连词，故判断后一句使用独立主格结构，空格处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语some 与have 是主谓关系，故要用v-ing 形式，故选A。

20．（北京）________ t he early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A．Catching B．Caught

C．To catch D．Catch

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we ，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。【名师点睛】

此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系，然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份，可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语，意思是“为了?”，学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份，才可以做好此类题。

21． ______ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.

A．Not completing B．Not completed

C．Not having completed D．Having not completed

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析：考查现在分词的完成式做状语，因为他们是先没有完成任务，然后不得不在这儿再待两个星期。表示从句的动作先于主句的动作，要用现在分词的完成式，否定式是：not having done 。选C。

考点：考查现在分词的完成式做状语，

点评：分词做状语的时候，如果动词与名词构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式；如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式。如果从句的动作先于主句的动作，要用现在分词的完成式

22．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _________ for a meal to be cooked.

A．laid B．laying

C．to lay D．being laid

【答案】A

【解析】

with + 宾语+ 动词-ing 形式（即现在分词）表示动词-ing 形式表示动作正在发生；with + 宾语+ 动词不定式表示一个动作过程或即将发生的动作；with + 宾语+ 过去分词表达被动含义。句意：客厅干净而整洁，餐桌已经为要做的饭准备好了。选A。

考点：考查非谓语动词。

23． ________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.

A．The president will attend B．The president to attend

C．The president attended D．The president 's attending

【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统亲自出席会议给了他们极大的鼓舞。根据句子成分分析判定缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故选D。

24．Volunteering gives you a chance _____ lives, including your own.

A．change B．changing

C．changed D．to change

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。名词chance 后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。故选 D 。

25．The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.

A．rose B．rising

C．to rise D．risen

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：他看到的下一件事是从房子后面冒出烟来。作定语时，过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作，和所修饰词是动宾关系。现在分词表示正在发生的伴随性的动作，和所修饰词是主谓关系。不定式表示具体的将要发生的动作。根据题意，他看的的第二件事物是从房后升起的烟。rise 的逻辑主语为smoke，是主动关系，用现在分词，故选B。

26．The _____ boy was last seen _____ near the bank of the lake.

A．missing; playing B．missing; play C．missed; played D．missed; to play

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：那个失踪的男孩最后被看见时正在湖边玩。missing 是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩，play 作宾语补足语，表示动作在进行，用现在分词。结合选项，故选A。

27．His food ___ , the man had to come out of his hiding place.

A．run out B．was run out

C．running out D．using up

【答案】C

【解析】

高考英语情态动词专题复习

情态动词精品学案 情态动词解读: ①本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。 ②不能单独作谓语。 ③和其他动词原形构成谓语。 ④谓语动词之前。 ⑤无人称和数的变化。 ⑥否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。 ⑦个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或 将来。 经典例句： We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？ Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？ How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们! We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 情态动词考点： 1.情态动词表示推测。 2.情态动词的基本用法。 3.情态动词的答语。 1 / 17

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谓语动词一直以来都是高考英语语法填空题的必考点。这一考点涉及到时态、语态和主谓一致，尤其是时态。今天小编将近五年高考题中语法填空题涉及的谓语动词进行总结，希望可以为同学们解答这一类题型提供助力。 一、近五年高考英语语法填空谓语动词总结 ▲ 2019年 全国 I 卷 In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 全国 II 卷

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” aw ard, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. 全国 III 卷 Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 浙江卷 One study in America found that students’ grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.

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