初三英语语法知识点归纳

初中英语语法速记口诀大全

很多同学认为语法枯燥难学，其实只要用心并采用适当的学习方法，我们就可以愉快地学会英语，掌握语法规则。笔者根据有关书目和多年教学经验，搜集、组编了以下语法口诀，希望对即将参加中考的同学们有所帮助。

一、冠词基本用法

【速记口诀】

名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，

可数名词单，须用a或an，

辅音前用a，an在元音前，

若为特指时，则须用定冠，

复数不可数，泛指the不见，

碰到代词时，冠词均不现。

【妙语诠释】冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。

二、名词单数变复数规则

【速记口诀】

单数变复数，规则要记住，

一般加s，特殊有几处：

末尾字母o，大多加s，

两人有两菜，es不离口，

词尾f、fe，s前有v和e；

没有规则词，必须单独记。

【妙语诠释】①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾)，则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato)

加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth —teeth。

三、名词所有格用法

【速记口诀】

名词所有格，表物是“谁的”，

若为生命词，加“’s”即可行，

词尾有s，仅把逗号择；

并列名词后，各自和共有，

前者分别加，后者最后加；

若为无生命词，of所有格，

前后须倒置，此是硬规则。

【妙语诠释】①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“’s”；③

如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格，这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同，A of B要翻译为B的A。

四、接不定式作宾语的动词

【速记口诀】

三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；

设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。

【妙语诠释】三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise

两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse

设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide

不要假装在选择：petend，choose

五、接动名词作宾语的动词

【速记口诀】

Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag. (P?布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。)

【妙语诠释】该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：

M=mind， r=risk， s=succeed in，P=practice，B=be busy， l=look forward to，a=admit，c=can’t help， k=keep on， m=miss，i=insist on，s=suggest，s=stop，e=enjoy，d=delay，a=avoid，b=be worth，a=advise，g=give up。

六、不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词

【速记口诀】

一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助

【妙语诠释】一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，ob-serve；半帮助：help。

七、形容词和副词比较等级用法

【速记口诀】

1. 比较级与最高级：两者比较than相连，三者比较the在前。

2.同级比较：同级比较用原形，as…as永不离；as…as加not，只言两者是同一，若是not so…as，后强前弱不看齐。

【妙语诠释】①比较级通常和than连用，而最高级通常跟有定冠词the

；②同级比较一般用as…as表示“与…一样”，这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来，而not so…as则表示后者比前者强，翻译为“不如……”。

八、反意疑问句用法

【速记口诀】

反意问句三要点，前后谓语正相反；

短句not如出现，必须缩写是习惯；

最后一点应注意，短句主语代词填。

【妙语诠释】①反意疑问句的构成应该是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”；②在短句中not必须与do，will，can等组成缩写形式；③在简短问句中，疑问句的主语必须是代词，而不能用名词形式。

九、感叹句用法

【速记口诀】

感叹句，并不难，what、how放句前；

强调名词用what，其余用how很简单。

【妙语诠释】

由what引导的感叹句一般修饰名词，而how引导的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子。

十、宾语从句用法

【速记口诀】

宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。

一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。

陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。

二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。

三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。

【妙语诠释】宾语从句应注意三点：①引导词，陈述句一般由that引导，这时的that 可以省略；一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导；而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态，主句是现在时态，从句可用所需要的任何时态；但如果主句是过去时态，从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序，宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。

1. My son got up late this morning. He only had _______ for breakfast.

A. two bread

B. two slice of bread

C. two slices of bread

D. two slices of breads

2. _______ room is big and bright. They like it very much.

A. Tom and Sam

B. Tom’s and Sam

C. Tom and Sam’s

D. Tom’s and Sam’s

3. —Do you know how many ______ a horse has and how many _____ a bee has?

—Of course I know.

A. teeth; feet

B. tooth; foot

C. foot; teeth

D. teeth; foot

4. __________ woman in a purple skirt is Betty’s mother.

A. The

B. A

C. An

D. /

5. Now telephones are very popular and they are much ______ than before.

A. cheap

B. cheaper

C. cheapest

D. the cheaper

6. —Hi, Tom. Is your brother as active as you?

—No, he’s a quiet boy. He is _________.

A. less outgoing than me

B. not so calm as

C. more active than I

D. as outgoing as I

7. English ________ in many countries, but Chinese _______ their own language.

A. is spoken; speaks

B. speaks; is spoken

C. is spoken; speak

D. is spoken; is spoken

8. The young man was often seen _______ by the lake.

A. to draw

B. to drawing

C. drawing

D. drew

9. —So hot in the classroom. Would you mind ______ the window? —OK, I’ll do it right now.

A. not closing

B. not opening

C. closing

D. opening

10. —_______ weather! It’s raining!

—Bad luck! We can’t go climbing today.

A. What bad

B. What a bad

C. How bad

D. How a bad

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