《新编实用英语》第一册教案

《新编实用英语》第一册教案

Unit One

Greeting and Introducing People

Teaching Objective

In "Talking Face to Face",learn how to greet people and how to make introductions.

In "Being All Ears", practice listening comprehension to greet and introduce people with various relationships.

In "Maintaining a Sharp Eye",master the key words and structures and learn the way foreign people greet each other, particularly the way Americans meet and greet each other, both in informal and formal situations by reading through passage I; learn and practice how to introduce oneself by reading through passage II.

In "Trying Your Hand", become knowledgeable on how to write a business card and fill in a passport with one’s personal information; review the basic sentence structure. Teaching Procedures

Section I Talking Face to Face1.Warm- up:

Expressions of greetings and responses to greetings：

a. Greetings:

1) Hi! How do you do?

2) Hello, you must be Jack from America.

3) How are you?

4) Hello. How are things with you? How are you doing?

5) How is everything?

6) You are doing all right?

7) How it goes?

8) How is life, John?

9) Excuse me. Are you Kitty?

b. Responses to Greetings:

1) How do you do?

2) Fine, just fine.

3) Fine, thank you.

4) Quite well. And you?

5) The usual. How about you?

6) So-so. And what about you?

7) Nothing particular.

8) Not too bad.

9) Nice to meet you.

10) Very happy to see you.

2.Introduction of the samples of business cards and passport

3. Practice the two dialogues in Follow the Samples

4. Practice dialogues according to the given tasks

5. Exercises

Section II Being All Ears

See the textbook.

Section III Maintaining a Sharp Eye

Passage I The Way Americans Greet

Text-Related Information

1. Greeting

The simplest thing to say is "Good morning," "Good afternoon'" or "good evening." This greeting is given to one whom you know only slightly, or to any one you are passing quickly. "How are you" is usually used when you are not in such a hurry. No answer is expected other than "Fine, thank you." "Hello" is the commonest form of greeting between good friends.

2. When to Shake Hands

It is customary to shake hands when you first meet someone. And usually friends shake hands when they meet after not having seen each other for some time. However it is not necessary to shake hands.

3. Common Titles in English

a. Mr.:“先生”a courtesy title for any male adult not styled “Sir”, “Dr.” etc. used before the man’s family name or his position.

b. Mrs.:“太太”a courtesy title for any married woman not styled “lady”, “Dr.”et

c. used before her husband‘s surname.

c. Ms.: “女士” a courtesy title for a woman, whether she is married or not, followed by the family name.

d. Miss: “小姐”A title used to address an unmarried woman or a girl. It is followed by the family nam

e. Miss can also be used as the title of address to an (esp. unknown) unmarried woman. In this case, it is not followed by the name.

e. Lady: “夫人、太太、女士”a courtesy title for a woman with dignity or social grace. It is also an English title for the wife of a knight or a baronet.

f. Dr. (Doctor): “医生、博士”the title of a medical practitioner or the title of the holder of the highest university degree. e.

g. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD).

g. Prof. (Professor):“教授”The title to address a university teacher of the highest rank in a faculty.

h. Officer: “官员，警察先生” The title to address a person holding a public

appointment, aposition of responsibility and trust, such as a policeman or a customs officer.

i. Sir: “先生、长官、爵士”A form of polite address to a man; A title preceding the first name of a knight (爵士) or a baronet (准男爵); A form of address in writing to a stranger or in business letters.

4. Formation of Common English Names

A common English name is usually composed of two or three parts: the first name is also called forename. If the person is a Christian, his first name will be given at his baptism, so it is also called the given name or the Christian name. Middle name is the second given name. When written, middle name is often shortened to the initial letter. Surname is often the father‘s family name, so it is also called family name or last name. For example: Anne Louise Strong, George B. Show.

Text Explanation

Para. 1

Americans often greet each other simply with “Hello”or “Hi”. They believe such an informal greeting often implies a close and friendly relationship. Similarly, Americans do not have a formal “farewell”. They will just wave “good-bye” to the whole group. Or perhaps, they will simply say “Bye”, “So long” or “Speaking of time, I’ve got to run” and then leave. To Americans, a friendly and informal relationship is themost important thing.

Language Points:

1.Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1) The Way Americans Greet

Analysis: In this title, in which is omitted after The way.“in ... way”means (to do something) by means of a certain method.

Translation: 美国人的致意方式

Example: I think the way she runs her bookshop is worth studying.

2)Speaking of ... time, I’ve got to run.

Analysis: A present participle clause used as an adverbial of cause/time. It means “when it comes to time, I’m reminded of …”

Translation: 说到时间，我得赶紧跑了。

Example:Speaking of books, I should have returned the ones I borrowed last month.

2. Important Words

1) greet:v.say words of welcome to, express one‘s feelings on receivi ng sb. 问候，致意，打招呼

e.g.It is important for the students to learn how to greet people inEnglish.

学生们学会如何用英语来向人们打招呼是很重要的。

The American professor greets his students with “Morning”.

这位美国教授向他的学生道“早安”致意。

2) relationship:n. particular connection or relation; instance of being related 关系，联系

e.g.The teacher has a very good relationship with her student.

这位老师与学生的关系很好。

3)wave:v. move one‘s hand to and fro, up and down (togive a greeting or say goodbye) 挥手致意，舞动

e.g.When Jane waved goodbye to her Chinese friends, She could hardly hold back her

tears.

当简向她的中国朋友挥手告别时，她几乎要流泪了。

The policeman waved him nearer.

警察招手要他走近些。

4) leave:v. go away from; fail or neglect to take/bring sth. 离开，出发；留下，遗忘

e.g.The beautiful city has left a deep impression upon our mind.

这座美丽的城市给我们留下了深刻的印象。

He is going to leave for Australia next week.

他将在下星期去澳大利亚。

I’m sorry. I have left my umbrella in your car.

对不起，我把伞忘在你车上了。

Para. 2

Yes, a proper introduction will leave a good first impression upon others. However, American introductions are usually rather simple. In the United States, most people don’t like using Mr., Mrs. or Miss in introductions. They find these terms too formal. They prefer first names to formal titles in most cases. For example, a gentleman may say, “Glad to meet you. I’m Miller. But call me Paul.”Sometimes a woman you meet for the first time may say, “Don’t call me Mrs. Smith. Just call me Sally.”So when your American friends do not use your last name or titles, don’t feel that they have been impolite. They only want to show friendliness.

Language Points:

1.Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1) However, American introductions are usually rather simple.

Analysis: A conjunct to denote a contrast of this sentence to the previous one. It means “可是，然而” in Chinese.

Translation: 然而美国式的介绍通常相当简单。

Example:Money is important. However, you cannot buy happiness with money. 2）“Glad to meet you. I’m Miller. But call me Paul.”

Analysis:Miller is the family name and Paul is the given name. Addressing others by

their given name usually implies a sort of informal and friendly relationship. Translation: “见到你很高兴。我姓米勒。但叫我保罗好了。”

Example: Addressing others by their given name usually implies a sort of informal and friendly relationship.

2. Important Words

1) impression: n. effect produced on the mind or feelings 印象

e.g.The teacher has made a deep impression upon my mind with his devotion to

teaching.

这位老师对教育事业的忠诚给我留下了深刻的印象。

What‘s your first impression upon him?

你对他的第一印象如何？

2) prefer: v. like better, would rather do 更喜欢，宁愿

e.g.I prefer to have the meeting in the morning rather than in the afternoon.

我喜欢在早上开会，不愿在下午开会。

Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?

你比较喜欢喝茶，还是喝咖啡？

Many people prefer cycling to driving.

许多人喜欢骑单车胜过开汽车。

3) call: v.& n. address, name, ring sb. up 叫，称呼，打电话

e.g.He is so tall that many of his friends call himSky.

他长得如此高大，以致于朋友们都叫他“Sky”。

This tropical fruit is called coconut.

这种热带植物被称为椰子。

Please give me a call if you need my help.

如果你需要帮助的话，请给我打电话。

Para. 3

When you first get to know an American, he may ask you, “Where do you work?”“Are you married?”or “Do you have children?”Such questions may be too personal to Europeans. But Americans do sometimes ask such questions. They would like to get answers to these questions. In this way they can get better acquainted with you and have a topic for beginning conversation with you.

Language Points:

1.Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1) But Americans do sometimes ask such questions.

Analysis: Do is used here to emphasize the following verb. It means “的确, 真的”。

Translation:但是美国人有时确实问到诸如此类的问题。

Example:Most people hate the cold weather, but some people do enjoy themselves in winter.

2) In this way they can get better acquainted with you and have a topic for beginning

a friendly conversation with you.

Analysis: "In this way" is used here to introduce a coordinate clause, which further develops the topic being discussed.

Translation: 这样他们便能更多地了解你，并由此为开端与你友好地侃上一场。Example:In this way youcan improve your spoken English and do better in the job interview.

2. Important Words

1) acquaint: v.make familiar with, get to know, reveal to 结识, 认识

e.g.I have become acquainted with my new duties.

我已开始了解自己的新职责了。

You should try to acquaint him with the facts of the case.

你应该设法使他知道该事件的详情。

Exercises

See the textbook.

Passage II A Little About Me

Text-Related Information

1.Self-introduction

This passage is a self-introduction. It is in a casual and informal style. We can see the speaker’s humor and friendliness in his self-introducing speech and his attitude towards work and life.

2.Mike Adams

The name can be translated as “迈克·亚当”. “Mike” is the simplified form for Michael. Some other examples are:

Richard --- Dick Robert --- Rob Thomas --- Tom

Christina--- Chris Elizabeth--- Lizzy Catherine---Cathy (Kathy) Text Explanation

Para. 1

Hello, I’m Mike Adams. I’m an English teacher. Do you want to know something about me?

Para. 2

I was born in England. Then my family moved to America when I was 10. I’m tall, and I have a gentle face. My hair is dark brown but there is not too much left on the top of my head. I used to be a sportsman with a strong body, but now my muscles have become soft, and my stomach is getting a little larger each year. I try to be kind

to other people, but sometimes I’m very stubborn and never change my mind. I want to be an honest person. I’m very organized in both work and life. When I go on holiday, I carefully make a list of things to take, and I pack my bags two or three days before I leave. I like to have everything under control, and I don’t want any last-minute panic.

Language Points:

1.Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1) My hair is dark brown but there is not too much left on the top of my head. Analysis: Not too much here refers to the hair. The past participle phrase is used to modify the pronoun much.

Translation: 我的头发是暗褐色的，但头顶上剩下的头发已不太多了。Example: I have somuch work to do in the lab. But there is little time left before the end of the year.

2) I like to have everything under control, and I don’t want any last-minute panic. Analysis: Under control is a prepositional phrase used as a complement. Last-minute is used here as a pre-modifier of panic.

Translation:我喜欢使每件事都能有条不紊地进行，不愿意有任何最后关头的匆忙与慌乱。

Example:She likes everything in its place, and she doesn’t want anything in disorder.

2.Important Words

1) move: v. change position; live in a different place 移动，搬家

e.g. He moved his chair near the window.

他把椅子移到了窗户旁。

We are moving (house) next week.

我们下星期搬家。

2) gentle:a. friendly, mild, not rough or violent温柔的，轻柔的，温文尔雅的

e.g. I enjoy the gentle breeze so much.

我非常喜欢享受这微风。

Her gentle manners make her popular among the pupils.

她举止文雅，受到了学生的欢迎。

He always wears a gentle smile on his face.

他脸上总是带有和蔼的微笑。

3) stubborn: a. obstinate, determined, difficult to persuade or deal with 固执的，顽固的

e.g. The boy is as stubborn as a mule.

这个男孩像骡子一样固执。

You shouldn’t be that stubborn in this case.

在这种情况下，你不应该那么固执。

4) organize: v. arrange in a system, put into working order, make preparations for组

织，准备，使有条理

e.g. The Students’ Union will organize a party on the New Year’s Day.

学生会将在元旦组织一次晚会。

All the work is organized in a systematic way.

所有的工作都组织得井井有条。

5) pack: v. put things in a box, bundle, bag, etc., get ready for a journey打点行李，

准备行装

e.g. Have you packed the clothes into the trunk?

你把衣服装进衣箱里了吗？

6) control: v.& n. power to direct, order or constrain; check, regulate控制

e.g. This child lacks parental control.

这个小孩缺乏父母的管束。

Things there are completely out of control.

那儿的情况完全失去了控制。

She tried her best to control her temper.

她竭尽全力控制自己的脾气。

7) panic: a. & n. unreasoning, uncontrolled, quickly spreading fear极度恐慌(的)

e.g. There is always danger of a panic when a cinema is on fire.

电影院着火时总是有引起惊慌的危险。

The children were panic-stricken.

孩子们极为惊慌。

Para. 3

Now I’m teaching in a university in China. I love this country, and I also want my students to love me. So I work hard, and I like to look neat and tidy. I always wear a jacket and tie. Of course, I become a different person at home. I change into old but comfortable clothes. My work keeps me busy until quite late at night. But I usually find time to sit and talk with my wife and children. Even though I enjoy working very hard each day at the university, I still feel that my family is more important than anything else.

Language Points:

1. Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1) I always wear a jacket and tie.

Analysis: A jacket and tie means “西装加领带” in Chinese. No article is used before tie, which shares the same article with jacket, thus forming a whole pair of closely related things. e.g.: a lock and key“锁带钥匙”

Translation:我总是穿西装打领带。

Example: The lady came to the village in a horse and cart（车马）.

2) Of course, I become a different person at home.

Analysis: Of course is a transitional phrase. It is used here to denote a concession, meaning “不过，当然了，然而”。

Translation:当然了，我回到家时就变了一个人。

Example:The wedding dress is very beautiful. Of course,the price is also quite high.

3) Even though I enjoy working very hard each day at the university, I still feel that my family is more important than anything else.

Analysis:Even though introduces a concessive clause.My family is more important than anything else is an object clause important than anything else. Translation: 虽然我喜欢每天在学校勤奋工作, 但我仍然感觉家庭比什么都更重要。

Example:Even though they enjoy the beautiful scenery in the port city, they still miss their hometown in the mountains.

Exercises

See the textbook.

Section V Trying Your Hand

Applied Writing

Format of business cards

Common layout of business cards:

Layout 1:

Company

Name

Title

Address Phone

Fax

City, State ZIP E-mail

Layout 2:

Company

Name

Title

Address

Tel Fax

Mobile E-mail

Sentence Writing

Basic Sentence Structure

英语的基本句型有以下8种：

句型例句译文

主+谓Birds fly.

Animals can’t speak. 鸟会飞。

动物不会讲话。

主+谓+状Mrs. Green smiled kindly.

Mary runs every morning. 格林太太和蔼地笑了。玛丽每天早晨跑步。

主+谓+宾They speak English.

The boy is greeting his teacher.

他们说英语。

这个男孩正在向老师好。

主+系+表Self-introductions are important.

Americans seem informal.

自我介绍很重要。

美国人看上去很随便。

主+谓+间宾+直宾He told us a story.

I gave him a visiting card.

他给我们讲了一个故事。我给了他一张名片。

主+谓+直宾+间宾She bought a birthday card for me.

He introduced his wife to us. 她给我买了一张生日贺卡。他把太太介绍给我们。

主+谓+宾+宾补The tourist asked the agent to

book a ticket.

E-mail keeps them in touch. 这个游客请代理订购一张票。电子邮件使他们保持联系。

There be 句式There is a map of China on the wall.

Is there anything wrong? 墙上有一幅中国地图。出什么事了吗？

Exercises

See the textbook.

Unit Two

Giving Thanks and Expressing Regret

Teaching Objective

In "Talking Face to Face",learn how to give and reply to gift or congratulation

cards and how to express thanks and good wishes on some social occasions.

In "Being All Ears", practice listening comprehension of a thank-you letter.

In "Maintaining a Sharp Eye",master the key words and structures and learn the way foreign people giving thanks and expressing regret, learn different attitudes to gift giving by reading through passage Iand passage II.

In "Trying Your Hand", become knowledgeable on how to write a thank-you letter and a letter of apology: review the basic sentence structure.

Teaching Procedures

Section I Talking Face to Face1.Warm- up:

Practical expressions of giving thanks and expressing regret：

a. Giving Thanks

1) I appreciate it./I’d appreciate that. 我非常珍惜您的帮助/你太客气了

2) I want to express my appreciation to all of my friends for their supporting.

我想对所有朋友们给予我的支持表示感谢。

3) I’m very grateful to you. 实在太感谢你了。

4) I wish to express my most sincere thanks for all the trouble you’ve taken.

给您添麻烦了，我对您的帮助表示最诚挚的谢意。

5) I can’t begin to tell you how much I appreciate your advice. 我不知该如何感谢您给我的忠告。

6) I’m thankful to you for all the beautiful gifts. 十分感谢你所有的礼物。

7) I’m much obliged to you for your hospitality/kindness/advice/reminding/invitation. 十分感谢你们的接待/好心/建议/提醒/邀请

8) Thank you very much again.再次表示感谢。

9) Words cannot express how grateful/honored/touched I feel at the moment.

语言难以表达此时此刻我是多么感谢/荣幸/感动

10)It’s so good/kind/nice of you to offer.你肯帮忙太好了。

b. Replying to Thanks答复

1)Not at all.这没什么。

2)I’m happy I could do that.我很高兴能这么做。

3)I’m glad to be of any help.我很高兴能帮你忙。

4)It’s my pleasure.这是我的荣幸。

5) It was nothing at all.一点儿也没关系。

6) No trouble at all.一点儿也不麻烦。

7) Don’t mention it.不用谢/没什么。

8)No problem.没问题。

9) You are welcome.不客气。

c. Giving Apologies致歉

1)I really apologize far that.对此我真的很抱歉。

2)You must forgive me.你一定得原谅我。

3)Oh, pardon me.哦，请你原谅。

4) You must forgive me. It’s all my fault.你一定得原谅我，这都是我的错。

5) I do apologize for all that I’ve done.我为我所做的事道歉。

6) I just don’t know what to say.我真不知该说什么才好。

7) How clumsy/careless/thoughtless/forgetful of me.

我多么笨拙/粗心/考虑不周/健忘啊！

8)It’s wrong of me to be late again.我再次迟到是不对的。

9) I can’t tell you how sorry I am.我无法表达我感到多么内疚。

10)I really didn’t mean it at all.我真的是完全无意的。

d. Apologizing Beforehand 事先道歉

1)Excuse me, may I occupy/trouble/interrupt you a second?

对不起，我可以占用/打搅/打断你一会儿吗？

2)May I be excused?我可以离开一下吗？

3)Excuse me. I won’t be long/I’ll be right back.对不起，我一会儿就回来/马上回来。

4)I’m afraid I have to leave you for a minute or two.恐怕我得离开一会儿。

5) I wonder if you could excuse me for a short while.

不知您是否允许我离开一会儿。

e. Replying to Apologies接受道歉

1)You don’t need to apologize.你不必道歉。

2)You really don’t have anything to apologize for.其实没有什么要道歉的。

3)Don’t let it worry /distress you.别让这种事烦扰/困扰你。

4) understand completely/ I quite understand.我完全理解/相当理解。

5) It’s nobody’s fault.这不是任何人的错。

6) Don’t think any more about it.不要再去想它了。

7) I won’t hear of it, I might have done that myself.

你不必再多说了，我兴许也会那样做的。

8)It isn’t worth mentioning, actually.其实根本不值得一提。

9) There’s nothing you could have done.对此你也无能为力。

10)Let’s forget about it.把这事忘了吧。

2.Introduction of the samples of thank-you letter and letter of apology

3. Practice the two dialogues in Follow the Samples

4. Practice dialogues according to the given tasks

5. Exercises

Section II Being All Ears

See the textbook.

Section III Maintaining a Sharp Eye

Passage I Different Attitudes to Gift Giving

Text-related Information

Customs about Gifts and Gift-giving and Receiving

If you receive a birth announcement from your friend or co-workers, this doesn’t mean that you have to send a gift. It is not compulsory. If you wish to, you may give one. The best gift for babies is baby blankets, clothes or toys.

For a “Bon V oyage”(送别) gift, it is better to send your present in advance and not at the last minute. For most foreigners, flowers and things like magazines, cosmetics and drinks are preferable. Fruit is not a good idea. Nowadays, many people have quit smoking, so perhaps it’s better not to send cigarettes.

For a close friend you may give something lasting and of high quality, such as a set of books or a wallet (with a dollar bill in it). If it is for a high school graduate, a dictionary or a pen set will do.

If you are a frequent weekend guest of a certain family, you may give some small gifts to their children. Things like jigsaw puzzles, a game, a book, candy and chocolate are proper for such occasions.

Text Explanation

Para.1

People’s attitudes towards gift giving may vary from country to country, even though the desire to convey a feeling of friendship is often universal. Here is an example to illustrate the differences.

Language Points:

1.Explanation of Difficult Sentences

even though the desire to…

Analysis: even though is a conjunction, leading a concessive clause, so that a contrast is made between vary from country to country and universal.

Translation:尽管希望借礼物传达友谊的愿望差不多是全球共有的，但人们对送礼这一问题的态度则可能因国度而异。

Example: The way people greet each other may vary from nation to nation, even though the purpose of greetings is quite the same.

即使是出于相同的目的，每个国家打招呼的方式也各异。

2. Important Words

1) attitude:n. manner, way of feeling or thinking 态度，看法

e.g. Your attitude towards life is too passive. 你对生活的态度过于消极。

2) vary：v. be, become, cause to be different 不同，变化，有差异

e.g. Life habits vary from person to person. 生活习惯引人而异。

3)convey：v. make known ideas, views, feelings,etc. to other people 传达, 转达

e.g. It’s difficult for me to convey my feelings in a foreign language.

很难用外语表达我的感受。

4) universal：a. belonging to all, affecting all共同的，一致的

e.g. The pleasure of learning is universal. 学习有着共同的乐趣。

5) illustrate v. explain through examples, pictures, etc. 说明，解释

e.g. This chart is used to illustrate all thechanges.这个表格是用来说明所有变化的。

Para.2

Japan is a gift giving country. It is not unusual in Japan to offer a gift to a person who is leaving or has been helpful. When people do that, the gifts tend to be substantial and expensive.However, at least in the typical Japanese style,it is not required to attach a thank-you note or card to the gift. Japanese people may express their gratitude and friendship directly through the gift they have carefully chosen and given to the very person they love and respect.

Language Points:

1.Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1)However, at least in the typical Japanese style…

Analysis: however is used to denote contrast to what is said before. It is a formal subject of the main sentence, and the actual subject is the infinitive phrase to attach a thank-you note or card to the gift.

Translation:然而，至少按典型的日本风格，礼品一般不需要附上谢条或卡片。Example: Northern China is cold in winter. However, at least in the coastal city of Dalianis is not necessary to wear a heavy overcoat outside in winter.

冬天中国的北方是寒冷的，然而，至少在诸如大连这样的海滨城市无需穿上厚重的冬衣。

2) It is required to…

Analysis:句中it是形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。英语中为了保持句

平衡，往往把很长的主语放在句后，以it来引导。

Translation:要求在上午八点半前赶过来。

Example: It is required to come before 8:30 a.m.

2. Important Words

1) tend v. be inclined to, be likely to 倾向于,易于

e.g. He tends to help me.他表示要帮助我。

e.g. Prices are tending upwards.物价呈上涨趋势。

2) require v. need, depend on for success orfulfillment 要求

e.g. All the members of the club are requiredto attend the meeting.

要求所有的俱乐部会员参加会议。

Para.3

In contrast, you are likely to get more cards than gifts in the United States. A card may come with a small gift or no gift at all. In general, American people don’t care very much whether the gift is expensive or not. As a matter of fact, your gift to

them would be appreciated all the more if you make it yourself instead of buying it from a store. And the words on the card seem to be the most important thing. When someone does not have a card on hand, he or she would write a thank-you note on a piece of paper, give it to you in person or put it into your pigeon hole.

Language Points:

1.Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1) In contrast, you are likely to get more cards than gifts in the United States. Analysis:in contrast is used to make a statement different from the previous one; likely means “可能” in Chinese; more cards than gifts makes comparison between the two objects of get.

Translation:与此不同的是，你在美国得到的卡片可能会远多于礼物。Example: His white hair is in sharp contrast to his dark skin.

他的白头发与他的黑皮肤构成鲜明的对比。

2) As a matter of fact, your gift to them would be appreciated all the more if you make it yourself instead of buying it from a store.

Analysis: all the more is used to stress the comparative degree. This sentence could be paraphrased like this: In fact, people will like your gift much better if it is made by yourself rather than bought from a store

Translation:事实上，如果你送给他们的东西是自己动手做的而不是从商店买的，他们会对这份礼物更加珍爱。

Example: e.g. As a matter of fact, your opinion would be understood all the more if you use simple wordsinstead of selecting complicated terms.

事实上，如果你选用简单的表述而非复杂的说法，那么你的观点更易于被大家理解。

3) American people don’t care very much whether the gift is expensive or not. Analysis: care here is the same as “Care about”, meaning “feel interested, sorry or anxious”. whether introduces an object clause. It can be replaced with “if ”, but the or not will not be used in that case.

Translation:一般说来美国人不特别关心礼物是否贵重。

Example: In general, I don’t care very much whether my grades are high or not.

总的来说，对于等级高低我并不是很在意。

2. Important Words

appreciate v. understand and enjoy, put a high value on 珍惜,懂得,喜欢

e.g. You can appreciate the novel all the more if you read it in Chinese.

如果你读了中文版，你一定会更加喜欢那本小说。

Exercises

See the textbook.

Passage II Thank-You Notes Are Heart-warming

Text-related Information

Athank-you note should be written promptly after you have received a gift or been invited to a party. People are always delighted to know you value their hospitality and good will. The note needs not to be long, but the language must be sincere and naturally intimate.

At the end of the note you’d better sign your name. Whether your handwriting is beautiful or not, sign it personally. If the note is typewritten, type your name in parentheses. The signed name could be the first name or pet name, while the typed one is usually in full. For example:

Your friend

Pinghua

(Li Pinghua)

Text Explanation

Para. 1

I’m not yet very good at it, but there is one thing I want to learn to do better. It is writing thank-you notes. When you leave after working or staying with someone in the US, you often get a card saying, For instance,“Mary, I enjoyed working with you very much. Thanks for everything. Cindy. ”Or “Dear Bob, thank you for visiting us. We had such a good time with you. Please come back in the near future. Love, Tom.”Of course, it is not just whenyou leave that you get a thank- you note. They usually give one to you when they leave after being your guests, though in this case, they might write you another more formal letter of thanks later on. The letter may read like this:

Dear Mrs. Dalton,

It is so kind of you and your husband to let us stay with you for the wonderful week. We enjoyed and appreciated all of your kindness more than we can say. We hope that you will come to China some time soon so that we may have the pleasure of seeing you in our home. In the meantime, thank you for your generous hospitality, and my wife joins me in sending kindest regards to your family.

Sincerely yours,

Ken

Language Points:

1．Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1) I’m not yet very good at it

Analysis:It here refers to writing thank-you notes in the following sentence. Translation: 有件事我虽然对它不很擅长，但我希望会学做得更好。Example: He is not very interested in it, but he has to put all his heart in collecting all the relevant data for his paper.

2) it is not just whenyou leave…

Analysis:This sentence has a negative form of emphatic structure: it is not ... that emphasizing a time clause just when you leave.

Translation:当然,得到感谢信不光是在你要离别的时候。

Example: Of course, it is not just what you say that is important.

3)…and my wife joins me in sending kindest regards to your family.

Analysis:This is one of the usual closing sentences used in thank-you letters. Other similar expressions can be: “They ask me to pass their sincere gratitude to you.” “I’d like to express our hearty thanks to you on behalf of all my friends.”Translation: 我和我的妻子向您及全家致以我们最真心的问候。

Example: All my classmates join me in sending their best regards to you.

2. Important Words

1)instance n. example, fact, etc.supporting a general truth 例证，实例

e.g. This is only one instance out of many.这只不过是诸多例子中的一个。

2)guest n. person paying a visit to another’s house or being entertained 客人

e.g. Chinese people are very generous to their guests.中国人非常好客。

3) in the meantime ad. (during) the same time when something else is going on 与此同时

e.g. We think him guilty in the meantime. 与此同时，我们认为他有罪。

4)generous a. given freely, noble-minded, plentiful慷慨的，大方的

e.g. My father has a generous nature.我父亲为人慷慨大方。

5) sincerely ad. out of one’s heart, in a genuine manner, not pretentiously 真诚地

e.g.If you invite him sincerely, he will accept it. 如果你诚挚邀请他，他会接受的。Para. 2

Sometimes people attach a thank-you note to a gift. The gift may be big or small. It is the words on the card that really count! They help to convey the writers’message, gratitude and love to the receiver. Sometimes, cartoons are drawn on the card to make it more vivid and personal.

Important Words

1)attach v. fasten or join one thing to another带着，附上，系上

e.g. Please attach labels to your luggage.请在您的行李上贴上标签。

2)gratitude n. thankfulness, being grateful感激，谢意

e.g.I find it hard to express gratitude in a foreign language.

我发现很难用一门外语来表达感激之情。

3)vivid a. lively and clear 栩栩如生的，生动的

e.g.She has a vivid memory of her holiday in Greece. 她对在希腊度过的假期有着

清晰的记忆。

Para. 3

I like the custom because those thank-you notes arealways heart-warming. Important Words

1)custom n. generally accepted behavior among members of a social group

习俗,习惯

e.g.It’s our custom to stand up when the national anthem is played.

当国歌奏响时我们的习惯是全体起立。

2)heart-warming

Heart-warming here is a compound adjective, made up of a noun and a verb’s present participle. It could also be a gerund form. The relationship between the two parts is that of verb-object (warm the heart). Similar structures are: thanks-giving, peace-loving, stamp-collecting, English-speaking, job-hunting, mountain-climbing. Translation: 我喜欢这一习俗, 因为那些感谢信总那样的温暖人心。Example: I enjoy my job in the lab, which consists mainly of data-collecting and data-analyzing.

Exercises

See the textbook.

Section V Trying Your Hand

Grammar

冠词

冠词是一种虚词，用在名词之前，说明名词是特指的还是泛指的。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article），定冠词（The Definite Article）和零冠词3种。a(an)是不定冠词，the是定冠词。

1．不定冠词

不定冠词表示“一”、“某一”这个概念，用于可数名词的单数形式前。a用在辅音开头的词前，在以元音开头的词前要用an,例如：

Mr. Green is an English teacher.格林先生是一位英语教师。

China is a big country. 中国是个大国。

You can see an airport over there. 你可以看见那儿有一个机场。

2．定冠词

定冠词（the）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，通常用来指说话双方都知道的或上文中已提到过的人或事物。也用来特指世界上独一无二的事物。例如：The moon looks both round and bright on the Mid-autumn Festival.

中秋节的月亮又圆又亮。

The city is at the side of the beautiful lake.这个城市坐落在这个美丽的湖畔。3．零冠词（不用冠词）的场合

①一般在专有名词和不可数（抽象名词和物质名词）前。例如China中国，Class

Three三班，paper纸，bravery勇敢

②名词前已有作为定语的this, that, my, their, whose, some, any, no, each, every等

代词时。例如：

She is watering her flowers.她正在浇花。

③泛指的复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如：

They are teachers.

It is time to plant trees.是种树的时候了。

④在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等时间的名词之前。例如：

We go to school from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五都上学。

Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。

⑤在称呼或表示头衔和职务的名词之前。例如：

What’s the matter, Granny? 大娘，出什么事了？

⑥在三餐饭，球类运动和娱乐运动的名称之前。例如：

play chess下棋；play basketball打篮球；have breakfast吃早饭

Unit Three

Directions and Signs

Teaching Objective

In "Talking Face to Face", learn how to ask for and give directions.

In "Being All Ears",practice listening comprehension to ask for directions and

respond..

In "Maintaining a Sharp Eye",master the key words and structures and learn the way foreign people ask and give directions, particularly the guides and the signs, both in informal and formal situations by reading through passage I; learn and practice how to talk about one’s trip by reading through passage II.

In "Trying Your Hand",learn to understand the sings and guiding directions in English and learn to write our own ; review the basic sentence structure. Teaching Procedures

Section I Talking Face to Face1.Warm- up:

Expressions of asking and giving directions：

Walk 10 minutes/ 200 meter s/ two blocks and you’ll be there.

Go up the road to the third turning on the left.

Go down the street till the crossroads and turn left there.

You will see it on the/ your right.

The shop will be on the right-hand side in the middle of the second block.

The computer center is next to the library and the chemistry lab is opposite the library.

I think the best way is to take the subway. It’s much faster than buses.

It’s only two bus-stops. You may go there on foot.

Take the No.19 bus and get off at the fifth stop. The bus stops right outside the subway station.

It’s on the second floor, the third room on the right.

Take the lift or go upstairs to the third floor.

2.Introduction of the samples of sings and directions

3. Practice the two dialogues in Follow the Samples

4. Practice dialogues according to the given tasks

5. Exercises

Section II Being All Ears

See the textbook.

Section III Maintaining a Sharp Eye

Passage I I Have Flying

Text-Related Information

1. Make Reservations for Flights

Many people call the reservations office for booking flights. The clerks at the reservations desk are called reservations agents. Their job is to make or confirm

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