非谓语动词全面讲解
非謂语动词（一）
一、Done
被动性：过去分词的逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者（receiver）, 而不是发出者，两者构成被动语态或被动意义。
完成性：与句中另一个动作、另一个时间或句子产生的时间相比，分词的动作已经发生、完成。
句法功能
表语：许多动词通过+ed 变成形容词，其本质是过去分词用作形容词The boys were astonished.
The door remained locked.
They seemed worried.
定语：划出下列句子的定语部分
The broken glass is still lying on the table.
The frightened girl was trembling when the police arrived.
A grown boy is a boy who has physically and mentally grown up.
He sent them his newly-invented devices.
She was reading a novel written by Dickens.
The people trapped in the big fire were rescued by the firefighters with a helicopter.
The radio bought in your shop doesn't work well.
翻译：
他是被经理测试的人员当中最优秀的员工之一。
宾补
1、在感官/ 感知动词后：see, look at, observe, hear, listen to, think, find, imagine, feel, watch等。
We found him greatly changed.
2、在使役动词后：make, have, get, keep, leave等。
He made himself understood in spoken English.
3、在意愿动词后：like, need, want, wish等。
She came into the shop with a package saying: I needn’t it changed but re-wrapped.
翻译：我回到家，发现家里被偷了
状语
方式和伴随情况
The teacher went out, followed by some pupils.
The old man sat on the chair, lost in thought.
翻译：带着枪和刀，三个大男人冲出了那房子。
条件
Heated to a high temperature, water changes into vapor.
如果用白色粉刷, the house will appear nicer.
原因和理由
Done in a hurry, Tom's exercise was full of mistakes.
Wounded badly, he was sent to hospital.
由于在在旅途后很疲惫, they went to bed early.
时间
Dismissed by the boss of the hotel, John never got a job.
Questioned by the police, the man was very much afraid.
让步
Badly wounded in the leg, the soldier refused to withdraw.
Protected by 3 fences, Robinson Crusoe still felt unsafe.
非被动意义的done非谓结构
Be faced with;
Be lost
Be determined to
Be armed with
巩固练习（一）：
用上非谓语动词结构完成句子
1.那个受伤的男人被送去了医院
without delay.
2.由于匆匆忙忙地完成，, Tom's
homework was full of mistakes and errors.
3.我将会把我的房子重新粉刷。
4.今天下午修的那辆车
belongs to one of my friends.
5.An old man was collecting 院
子里的落叶
6.The police were 寻找
那个逃跑的男人。
7.他试着让自己英语口语被别人明白。
8.He works and lives in 被绿
树围饶着的学校。
9.他感觉自己被抬进一辆车里。
10.It's very important for you to
keep .让你父母得知你的状况。（inform）
参考答案：
（一）
The injured man was sent to hospital
Done in a hurry
I'll have my house repainted.
The car repaired this afternoon
the fallen leaves in the yard.
searching for the escaped man.
He tried to make his broken English understood.
a school surrounded by green trees.
He felt himself carried into a carriage.
your parents informed of your situation.
二、Doing
动名词及现在分词的意义：表示动作正在进行、强调动作的过程，或者主动
1.作主语：可用it 作形式主语
Talking is easier than doing.
Learning English well is not an easy work.
用it 作形式主语：
It is no use crying over spilt (溢出来的) milk.
句型：it is no use / good doing sth.
2.作表语，现在分词作表语(相当于+ing 变成形容词)
动名词：对主语说明、解释。
The story is touching. （感人的）
His hobby is collecting stamps.
3.作宾语
你介意把音乐声调低一点吗？
I always practice speaking English in the morning.
用动名词作宾语的部分动词：
Enjoy，be busy doing，imagine，can’t help doing, finish
Practice, avoid, miss, keep (on), mind, be worth doing, consider,
prevent sb from, quit, devote…to doing
翻译：自从被女朋友严重警告之后，他停止了吸烟。
4.现在分词作宾补（动作正在进行或强调过程）
我感觉到火车正慢慢停下来。
I see him passing my house every day.
5.作定语：修饰一个名词或者代词，可以前置或后置
I saw a weeping（哭泣的）girl on my way home.
后置: 修饰something, nothing nobody或those, 较长的定语
The boy playing the violin over there will take part in a violin competition(比赛).
改成定语从句：
There is nothing interesting in his story.
6.作状语：（伴随，原因等）
Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.
Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.
翻译：从山顶上望下去，我们可以欣赏到城里极美的风景。
非谓语动词（二）
一、分词的特殊时态和语态变化
主动被动
一般doing being done
完成having done having been done
Having done: 非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前
The secretary worked late into the night, _ __ (prepare)a long speech for her boss.
He was praised for (finish)the work ahead of time.
Having heard that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him.
Being done：被动动作放在介词后面；强调动作正在进行，
We must do something to prevent water from （pollute）
(surround) by the students, the teacher was answering questions one by one.
Having been done: having done & being done 的结合