10月自考英语(一)试题及答案解析

2018年10月自考英语（一）试题

英语（一）试卷

PART ONE (50 POINTS)

I．V ocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．

1．Jean didn"t have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for the examination．

A．to prepare

B．to be prepared

C．preparing

D．being preparing

2．The teacher"s insistence on high standards resulted ___ excellent work．

A．with

B．from

C．in

D．to

3．Read aloud ___ all the students in the classroom can hear you clearly．

A．since

B．because

C．for

D．so that

4．I have no doubt ____ he will overcome all his difficulties．

A．which

B．what

C．that

D．if

5．It"s necessary that he ____ in time to attend the meeting．

A．come

B．came

C．comes

D．will come

6．Sometimes very young children have trouble ___ the right from the wrong．A．for separating

B．to separate

C．having separated

D．separating

7．______ the saying goes, practice makes perfect．

A．Since

B．As

C．For

D．Like

8．It is impolite to _____ in others" private affairs．

A．involve

B．invade

C．integrate

D．interfere

9．They thought the program was ___ investigating．

A．worth

B．worthy

C．worthwhile

D．worthing

10．To our delight, she quickly ____ herself to the situation．

A．adopted

B．adapted

C．attached

D．appealed

II．Cloze Test (10 points, 1point for each item)

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项．根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．

Smoking is harmful to health．Our tobacco-seller, Mr．Johnson, always asks his customers, if they are very young, whom the cigarettes are bought __11__．One day, a little girl whom he had never seen before walked into his shop and demanded twenty cigarettes．She had the __12__ amount of money in her hand and seemed very sure of herself．Mr．Johnson was so __13__by her confident manner that he forgot to ask his usual question．__14__, he asked her what kind of cigarettes she wanted．The girl replied readily and handed him the money．While he was giving her the __15__, Mr．Johnson said laughingly that as she was so young she should __16__ the packet in her pocket in case a policeman saw it．__17__, the little girl did not seem to find it funny．Without even smiling she took the packet and walked towards the door．Suddenly she stopped, turned __18__, and looked at Mr．Johnson．There was a moment of silence and Mr．Johnson __19__ what she was going to say．All at once, in a clear, firm voice, she said “My dad is a policeman,”and with that she walked quickly __20__ the shop．

11．A．with B．to C．for D．by

12．A．exact B．some C．large D．enough

13．A．worried B．annoyed C．surprised D．pleased

14．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Anyway D．Somehow

15．A．change B．warning C．bill D．cigarettes

16．A．cover B．hide C．dip D．take

17．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Then

18．A．away B．round C．over D．aside

19．A．wondered B．considered C．doubted D．expected

20．A．into B．out of C．on D．away

III．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2points for each item)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将

相应的字母涂黑．

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage．

Most people sometimes feel lonely, but it usually only lasts between minutes and a few hours．This kind of loneliness is not serious．In fact, it is quite normal．For some people, thought, loneliness can last for years．Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness．

The first kind of loneliness is temporary．This is the most common type．It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention．The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to new place．Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year．

The third kind of loneliness is the most severe．Unlike the second type, chronic ( 习惯性的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause．People who experience habitual loneliness have problem socializing and becoming close to others．Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition．Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person"s social contacts, e.g．friends, family members, coworkers, etc．We depend on various people for different reasons．For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities with us．However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more．They question their own popularity．Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart diseases．While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous, condition．

21．What can we learn from the passage about temporary loneliness?

A．It requires special attention．

B．It is very common and usually disappears quickly．

C．It is serious but it usually disappears quickly．

D．It is as serious as chronic loneliness．

22．Though lonely people may have many social contacts, ?

A．they want to socialize with more people

B．they still need others to guide them

C．they still others to support them emotionally

D．they want to question their own popularity

23．What kind of loneliness can cause serious illness?

A．Temporary loneliness

B．Situational loneliness．

C．Chronic loneliness．

D．Short-term loneliness．

24．Why do chronically lonely people need help?

A．Because they have difficulty socializing and chronic loneliness can cause serious illness．

B．Because chronic loneliness lasts more than two years．

C．Because they think there"s little they can do to improve their condition．

D．Because they think they should have more social contacts．

25．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A．Only a small number of people feel lonely．

B．Like chronic loneliness, situational loneliness can cause physical problems．

C．Chronically lonely people have no difficulty socializing and becoming close to others．

D．All kinds of loneliness are very dangerous．

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage．

Studies show that the world in 2010 will be more crowded, more polluted and less stable

ecologically ( 在生态方面) than the world we live in now．Visible ahead is serious stress involving population, resources and environment．Despite greater food output, people in the world will be poorer in many ways than they are today．

For hundreds of millions of the extremely poor, the outlook for food and other necessities of life will be no better．For many it will be worse．

While the economies of the developing countries are expected to grow at a faster rate than those of the industrialized nations, the total national product per head in most less developed countries remains low．The existing gap between the rich and poor nations will further widen．

World food production is estimated to increase by 90 percent from 1970 to 2010．Most of that increase goes to the countries that already have relatively higher per-head food consumption ( 消费)．Meanwhile, per-head consumption of food in the developing countries will scarcely improve or will actually fall far below the present inadequate level．What is worse is prices for food are expected to double．

As a result, many less developed countries will have increasing difficulties meeting energy needs．For the one quarter of mankind that depends primarily on wood for fuel, the outlook is not hopeful．

Regional water shortage will become more severe．In the 1970-2010 period population growth will require twice as much water as it does today in nearly half the world．Still greater increases would be needed to improve standards of living．Development of new water supplies will become more costly．

26．According to the passage, in 2010 while output of food will be greater, ．

A．people will have sufficient food supplies．

B．The world resources will become more than enough

C．In most developing countries people will have less food than they have today

D．The living standards of the world"s population will improve greatly

27．According to the author, in 2010 for many poor people, ．

A．things will get even worse

B．things will be a little better

C．it will be necessary for them to improve their housing

D．it will be impossible to obtain enough necessities of life

28．In the 1970-2010 period, the large proportion of global increase of food production goes ．

A．to 90 percent

B．to developing countries

C．to any country in the world that needs it

D．to those countries that already have high per head consumption

29．How does the author predict the development of new water supplies in the future?

A．Water shortage will occur in some regions only

B．Development of new water supplies will be more expensive．

C．The less developed countries need more water than the developed ones．

D．The demand for water will double with the growing population．

30．Which of the following may best serve as the title of this passage?

A．the Future problems in the World．

B．Water and Air Pollution．

C．Water and Food Shortages

D．Food Production and Consumption

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage．

The World Trade Organization (WTO), founded on January 1, 1995, aims to encourage international trade to flow as freely as possible, making sure that trade agreements are respected and that any disputes can be settled．

In the five years since its founding, the WTO has become well known as one of the world"s most powerful economic organizations, taking its place alongside the World Bank and International Monetary Fund ( 国际货币基金组织)．

The system of global rules for international trade, however, dates back half a century to 1948 when the General Agreement on Tariffs ( 关税) and Trade (GATT) was formed after World War II．

As time went by, it became clear that the GA TT had two major drawbacks—the limited

areas of trade it covered, and the lack of an effective system to settle disputes．After seven years of trade talks ending in 1994, the so-called Uruguay Round ( 乌拉圭回合谈判) finally gave birth to the WTO, complete with an effective system to settle disputes and to form new rules covering trade in services and intellectual property．Even after seven years of talks and with 22,500 pages of agreements reached problems remained, especially in the difficult-to-deal-with areas of agriculture and services．31．What is the purpose of the WTO?

A．To encourage international trade to flow freely．

B．To make sure that trade agreements are respected．

C．To settle any disputes．

D．All of the above

32．According to the passage ,the GA TT stopped working_______．

A．in 1948

B．in 1994

C．after World War Ⅱended

D．during the seven years of the Uruguay Round talk

33.The WTO is better than the GA TT in that_____．

A．it can settle disputes in more areas of international trade

B．it enables its members to sign agreements more easily

C．it deals with problems in agriculture and services more effectively

D．it pays more attention to service and intellectual property

34.The word “drawbacks ”in Paragraph 4 means ______．

A．Weak points

B．Strong points

C．Improvements

D．Changes

35．According to the last two paragraphs ,which of the following statements is true?

A．The WTO is the world"s most powerful economic organization

B．The GA TT was founded in Uruguay in 1995

C．The WTO has an effective system to settle disputes and to form new rules

D．All the countries in the world are member nations of the WTO

Ⅳ.Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)

36．情况，地位n．s________

37．星期三n．W___________

38．分解，解决vt．r______

39．昆虫n．I______

40．高贵的，贵族的a．n______

41．拒绝，驳回vt．r_______

42．服从，听从vt．o______

43．愿意的，乐意的a．w________

44．无数的a．n______

45．捆扎vt．p______

46．地平线n．h______

47．在更远处prep．B______

48．折叠vt．f_______

49．集合vt．a______

50．反对，使相对vt．o______

51．事件，比赛项目n．t_____

52．应当，应该aux．o_______

53．题目，主题n．t______

54．贴切的，有关的a．r________

55．雌的，女性的a．f______

Ⅴ.Word Form( 10 points, 1 point for each item)

56.The governor"s wife persuaded him_____ (not, accept) that man"s money．

57．_____(lie ) under a tree ,Mary was thinking how to teach her daughter English effectively

58.Promotion is not based on the ____(long) of employment only．

59.His _____(curious) about the earth led him to a great discovery．

60.Her compositions show that she is a very _____(imagine) child．

61.She spent____(little) time on writing than on other language skills．

62.Your hair needs____(cut )．It is too long．

63.The two cars collided with each other,___(cause) a traffic jam．

64.I have no choice but _____(wait)．

65.He would like to have the work _____(do) perfectly．

Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)

66．茶和咖啡，你比较喜欢哪一种？

67．昨天要不是生病，她就来了。

68．我们的工作与计算机有很大的关系。

69．他是个诚实的人，对此我们大家一直深信不疑。

70．汤姆被认为是我们当中学习成绩最好的人。

Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)

It is said that although water is essential for life, it costs nothing .On the other hand ,diamonds cost a lot ,yet they are essential for nothing .The world has changed greatly since an 18th century economist made the remark．

What was true over 200 years ago is certainly no longer true now．In many countries ,people pay as much for water in their homes as they do for electricity．We neglect water when we have plenty ----unless there are floods ,of course .Once there is a threat to our water supply ,however ,water can quickly become the only thing that matters．We know only too well that without water,there can be no life．

The situation is now becoming so bad that scientists feel it may be necessary to shock the world into saving water the way oil crises caused people to save energy resources in the 1970"s．

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