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宏观经济学期末考试试卷1(附答案)

宏观经济学期末考试试卷1(附答案)
宏观经济学期末考试试卷1(附答案)

一、选择题 (每小题 1 分,共 30 分)

1.The government reports that "GDP increased by 1.6 percent in the last quarter." This statement means that GDP increased

a. by 6.4 percent for the year.

b. at an annual rate of 6.4 percent during the last quarter.

c. at an annual rate of 1.6 percent during the last quarter.

d. at an annual rate of .4 percent during the last quarter.

2.A Brazilian company produces soccer balls in the United States and exports all of them. If the price of the soccer balls increases, the GDP deflator

a. and the CPI both increase.

b. is unchanged and the CPI increases.

c. increases and the CPI is unchange

d.

d. and the CPI are unchanged.

3.The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by

a. more than 1 percent.

b. less than 1 percent.

c. 1 percent.

d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.

4.A nation's standard of living is measured by its

a. real GDP.

b. real GDP per person.

c. nominal GDP.

d. nominal GDP per person.

5.In 2002 President Bush imposed restrictions on imports of steel to protect the U.S.

steel industry.

a. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverse

effects on growth.

b. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects on

growth.

c. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverse effects on growth.

d. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects on

growth.

6.Generally when economists and the text talk of the "interest rate," they are talking about the

a. real interest rate.

b. current nominal interest rate.

c. real interest rate minus the inflation rate.

d. equilibrium nominal interest rat

e.

7.An increase in the budget deficit

a. makes investment spending fall.

b. makes investment spending rise.

c. does not affect investment spending.

d. may increase, decrease, or not affect investment spending.

8.Norne Corporation is considering building a new plant. It will cost them $1 million today to build it and it will generate revenues of $1,121 million three years from today. Of the interest rates below, which is the highest interest rate at which Norne would still be willing to build the plant?

a. 3 percent

b. 3.5 percent

c. 4 percent

d. 4.5 percent

9.Recent entrants into the labor force account for about

a. 1/2 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with people

leaving the labor force.

b. 1/3 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with people

leaving the labor force.

c. 1/4 of those who are unemploye

d. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with people

leaving the labor force.

d. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with people

leaving the labor force

10.Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?

a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , in dollars.

b. You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.

c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.

d. None of the above is correct.

11.Current U.S. currency is

a. fiat money with intrinsic value.

b. fiat money with no intrinsic value.

c. commodity money with intrinsic value.

d. commodity money with no intrinsic valu

e.

12.Velocity in the country of Shem is always stable. In 2002, the money supply was $200 billion and the GDP price deflator was four times as high as it was in the base year. In 2003, the money supply increased to $240 billion, the price level increased by 15 percent, and nominal GDP equaled $1,200 billion. By how much did real GDP increase between 2002 and 2003?

a. 20 percent

b. 4.35 percent

c. 2.17 percent

d. There is not enough information to answer the question.

13.Shoeleather costs refer to

a. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation.

b. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices due

to inflation.

c. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high.

d. the distortion in incentives created by inflation by taxes that do not adjust for

inflation.

14.International trade

a. raises the standard of living in all trading countries.

b. lowers the standard of living in all trading countries.

c. leaves the standard of living unchange

d.

d. raises the standard of living for importing countries and lowers it for exporting countries.

15.Which of the following would be U.S. foreign portfolio investment?

a. Disney builds a new amusement park near Rome, Italy.

b. Your economics professor buys stock in companies located in Eastern European countries.

c. A Dutch hotel chain opens a new hotel in the United States.

d. A citizen of Singapore buys a bond issued by a U.S. corporation.

16.A Venezuelan firm purchases earth-moving equipment from a U.S. company and pays for it with domestic currency. This transaction

a. increases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.

b. increases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.

c. decreases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.

d. decreases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.

17.At the equilibrium interest rate in the open economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity of

a. net capital outflow.

b. domestic investment.

c. net capital outflow plus domestic investment.

d. foreign currency supplied.

18.In an open economy,

a. net capital outflow = imports.

b. net capital outflow = net exports.

c. net capital outflow = exports.

d. None of the above is correct.

19.In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate is determined in the market where dollars are exchanged for foreign currency by the equality of the supply of dollars, which comes from

a. U.S. national saving and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.

b. U.S. net capital outflow and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.

c. domestic investment and the demand for U.S. net exports.

d. foreign demand for U.S. goods and U.S. demand for foreign goods.

20.If a government increases its budget deficit, then interest rates

a. rise and the trade balance moves toward surplus.

b. rise and the trade balance moves toward deficit.

c. fall and the trade balance moves toward surplus.

d. fall and the trade balance moves toward deficit.

21.Investment spending decreases when the price level

a. rises causing interest rates to rise.

b. rises causing interest rates to fall.

c. falls causing interest rates to rise.

d. falls causing interest rates to fall.

22.An increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP in the short run could be created by

a. an increase in the money supply.

b. an increase in government expenditures.

c. a fall in stock prices.

d. bad weather in farm states.

23.Which part of real GDP fluctuates most over the course of the business cycle?

a. consumption

b. government expenditures

c. investment

d. net exports

24.According to liquidity preference theory, the price level and interest rate are

a. positively related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.

b. inversely related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.

c. positively related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are inversely

related.

d. inversely related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are positively

related.

25.Which of the following shifts aggregate demand to the right?

a. an increase in the price level

b. an increase in the money supply

c. a decrease in the price level

d. a decrease in the money supply

26.If the Fed conducts open-market sales, the money supply

a. increases and aggregate demand shifts right.

b. increases and aggregate demand shifts left.

c. decreases and aggregate demand shifts right.

d. decreases and aggregate demand shifts left.

27.Some economists argue that

a. monetary policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.

b. fiscal policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.

c. fiscal policy can be used to shift the AD curve.

d. All of the above are correct.

28.The lag problem associated with monetary policy is due mostly to

a. the fact that business firms make investment plans far in advance.

b. the political system of checks and balances that slows down the process of determining monetary

policy.

c. the time it takes for changes in government spending to affect the interest rate.

d. All of the above are correct.

29.A. W. Phillips' findings were based on data

a. from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.

b. from 1861-1957 for the United States.

c. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United Kingdom.

d. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United States.

30.Which of the following is true concerning the long-run Phillips curve?

a. Its position is determined primarily by monetary factors.

b. If it shifts right, long-run aggregate supply shifts right.

c. It cannot be changed by any government policy.

d. its position depends on the natural rate of unemployment.

二、判断题(每小题 1 分,共 20 分)

31.The government component of GDP includes salaries paid to Army generals but not Social Security benefits to the elderly.

32.An increase in the saving rate does not permanently increases the growth rate of real GDP per person.

33.In ten years when you are the owner of a major U.S. corporation, if your corporation opens and operates a branch in a foreign country you will be engaging in foreign direct investment.

34.Corporations receive no proceeds from the resale of their stock.

35.According to the rule of 70, if you earn an interest rate of 3.5 percent, your savings will double about every 20 years.

36.The value of a stock depends on the ability of the company to generate dividends and the expected price of the stock when the stockholder sells her shares.

37.A minimum wage above equilibrium creates a labor surplus.

38.According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level.

39.The use of money allows trade to be roundabout.

40.The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.

41.In every economy, national saving equals domestic investment plus net capital outflow.

42.In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports represent the quantity of dollars demanded in the foreign-currency exchange market.

43.Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specific firms and industries.

44.If speculators bid up the value of the dollar in the market for foreign-currency exchange, aggregate demand would shift to the left.

45.In response to a decrease in output the economy would revert to its original level of prices and output whether the decrease in output was caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.

46.John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.

47.An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate supply curve right.

48.Unemployment insurance and welfare programs work as automatic stabilizers.

49.In the long run, the inflation rate depends primarily on money supply growth.

50.Although monetary policy cannot reduce the natural rate of unemployment, other types of policies can.

三、名词解释(每小题 2分,共 10 分)

51.catch-up effect:

52.depreciation:

53.capital flight:

54.recession:

55.automatic stabilizers:

四、简答题( 8题中任选6题;每小题 5分,共 30 分)

56.Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.

57.Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if a government goes from a deficit to a surplus.

58.Which two of the Ten Principles of Economics imply that the Fed can profoundly affect the economy?

59.The U.S. Treasury Department issues inflation-indexed bonds. What are

inflation-indexed bonds and why are they important?

60.Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.

61.Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves.

62.How does a reduction in the money supply by the Fed make owning stocks less attractive?

63.Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?

五、讨论题(2题中任选1题;每小题 10 分,共 10

分)

64. Suppose government spends $3 billion to buy police cars. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by more than $3 billion. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by less than $3 billion.

65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.

《宏观经济学》答题纸

一、选择题 (每小题 1 分,共 30 分)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

二、判断题(正确用“T”;错误用“F”;每小题 1

分,共 20 分)

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

三、名词解释(每小题 2分,共 10 分) 51.catch-up effect: 52.depreciation:

53.capital flight:

54.recession:

55.automatic stabilizers:

四、简答题( 8题中任选6题;每小题 5分,共 30 分;答题时

请标明题号)

五、讨论题(2题中任选1题;每小题 10 分,共 10 分;答题时请

标明题号)

《宏观经济学》试卷A参考答案

1.c

2.c

3.d

4.b

5.a

6.a

7.a

8.b

9.b 10.a 11.b 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.b 16.b 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.b 21.a 22.d 23.c 24.c 25.b 26.d 27.d 28.a 29.a 30.d

31.T 32.T 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42.T 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.F 48.T 49.T 50.T

51.the property whereby contries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.

52.a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy.

53.a large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country.

54.a period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.

55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession

without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.

56.The difference is that Malthus predicted that population growth would be greater than growth in the ability to increase output. He believed that people would continue to populate the earth until output reached a subsistence level. On the other hand Kremer argues that population growth increased productivity allowing people to improve their standard of living despite growing population. Kremer argues that with more population comes more innovations. The improvements in technology more than offset any adverse impact of the increase in population on the standard of living.

57. As shown in the graph below, the economy starts in equilibrium at point E0 with interest rate r0 and equilibrium quantity of saving and investment at q0. If the government succeeds in obtaining a surplus, there will be more public saving in the economy at each interest rate, and the supply of loanable funds curve will shift from S0 to S1. The new equilibrium will be at E1, with a lower interest rate, r1 and a higher quantity of saving and investment, q1. Hence, if the federal government succeeds in having a surplus, interest rates will fall and investment will increase.

Market for Loanable Funds

58. 1. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.

2. There is a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.

59. Inflation-indexed bonds are bonds whose interest and principal payments are adjusted upward for inflation, guaranteeing their real purchasing power in the future. They are important because they provide a safe, inflation-proof asset for savers and they may allow the Treasury to borrow more easily at a lower current cost.

60. Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.

61.See graph.

Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.

62. The reduction in the money supply raises the interest rate. So the return on bonds increases relative to the return on stocks. The increase in the interest rate also causes spending to fall so that revenues and profits fall making shares of ownership in corporations less valuable.

63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended. The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.

64. 当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时,直接投资增加警车生产企业的利润,这种增加又使该企业雇佣更多工人,并增加生的。随着工人看到收入更多,企业所有者看到利润更多,他们对这种收入增加的反应是增加他们自己对消费品的支出。结果,政府对警车的购买还增加了经济中许多其它企业产品的需求。由于政府支出每美元可以增加的物品与劳务的总需求大于一美元,所以说政府购买对总

需求有一种乘数效应。在这第一轮之后,这种乘数效应还会继续。当消费支出增加时,生产这些消费品的企业雇佣了更多工人,并有更高的利润。更高的收入和利润又刺激了消费支出,以此类推。因此,当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时,总需求的增加会大于30亿美元。

当政府增加30亿美元购买警车刺激了物品与劳务需求时,它也引起了利率上升,而且较高的利率往往减少了物品与劳务需求。这就是说,当政府购买增加了30亿美元时,它也会挤出投资。这种挤出效应部分抵消了政府购买增加对总需求的影响。总之,当政府增加30亿的购买时,总需求的增加可以大于或小于30亿美元,这取决于乘数效应大还是挤出效应大。

65. 当罗斯福总统宣布感恩前一周时,刺激了居民的消费支出,经济中对物品与劳务的需求会增加,从而总需求曲线从AD1右移到AD2.随着经济从A点变动到B点,产量从Y1增加到Y2,物价水平众P1升至P2

.

宏观经济学试题A卷2010_1

心之所向,所向披靡 重庆工学院考试试卷 2009~2010 学年第一学期 班级学号姓名考试科目宏观经济学 A卷闭卷共 6 页·密·封·线·

6、假设总供给为540亿美元,消费为460亿美元,投资是70亿美元,则在该经济体系中( C )。 A.计划投资等于计划储蓄 B.存货中含有非计划投资 C.存在非计划储蓄 D.非计划储蓄等于计划投资及非计划投资() 7对原油、燃料等生产资料需求剧增,导致生产资料价格飞速上涨而引起的通货膨胀属于( C ) A 需求拉动型通货膨胀 B 预期的通货膨胀 C 成本推动型通货膨胀 D 惯性性的通货膨胀 8、假定其他条件不变,货币供给增加将导致( B) A r下降和y减少 B r下降和y增加 C r上升和y增加 D r上升和y减少 9、下列说法正确的是(B ) A.偏离IS曲线的点并不一定代表商品市场没有达到均衡 B.处于IS曲线右边的点,表示投资规模小于储蓄规模 C.处于IS曲线右边的点,表示投资规模大于储蓄规模 D.处于IS曲线左边的点,表示现行的利率水平过高 10、假定货币供给量和价格水平不变,货币需求为收入和利率的函数,则收入增加时(A ) A.货币需求增加,利率上升 B.货币需求增加,利率下降 C.货币需求减少,利率上升 D.货币需求减少,利率下降 11、当下列哪种条件时,总需求曲线更陡峭( A) A.投资支出对利率变化较不敏感 B.支出乘数较大 C.货币需求对利率变化较敏感 D.货币供给量较大 ·密·封·线· 学生答题不得超过此线 12、假定经济实现充分就业,总供给曲线是垂直线,扩张的财政政策将 ( B) A.提高价格水平和实际产出 B.提高价格水平但不影响实际产出 C.提高实际产出但不影响价格水平 D.对价格水平和产出均无影响 13、在下述哪种情况下,会产生挤出效应。( C) A.货币供给的下降提高利率,从而挤出了对利率敏感的私人支出

《曼昆—宏观经济学》 重点总结

第23章一国收入得衡量—GDP 微观经济学(microeconomics)研究个别家庭与企业如何做出决策,以及它们如何在市场上相互交易。宏观经济学(macroeconomics)研究整个经济,包括通货膨胀、失业率与经济增长。 一GDP 1 定义:国内生产总值(grossdomestic product,GDP) 就是在某一既定时期一个国家内生产得所有最终物品与劳务得市场价值。 2组成:GDP(用Y代表)被分为四个组成部分:消费(C)、投资(I)、政府购买(G)、净出口(NX): Y = C + I +G +NX 3 实际GDP与名义GDP:实际GDP=名义GDP-通货膨胀率,衡量得就是生产得变动,而不就是物价得变动。 4 GDP平减指数: ,就是经济学家用来检测经济平均物价水平,从而监测通货膨胀率得一个重要指标。(GDPdeflator) 5 GDP与经济福利: ?由于GDP用市场价格来评价物品与劳务,它就没有把几乎所有在市场之外进行得活动得价值包括进来,特别就是,GDP漏掉了在家庭中生产得物品与劳务得价值。 ?GDP没有包括得另一种东西就是环境质量。 ?GDP也没有涉及收入分配。 二衡量收入得其她指标: ?国民生产总值(GNP):就是一国永久居民(称为国民)所赚到得总收入。它与GDP得不同之处在于:它包括本国公民在国外赚到得收入,而不包括外国人在本国赚到得收入。 ?国民生产净值(NNP):就是一国居民得总收入(GNP)减折旧得消耗. ?国民收入、个人收入、个人可支配收入 第24章生活费用得衡量—CPI 一CPI 1定义:消费物价指数(consumer price index,CPI)就是普通消费者所购买得物品与劳务得总费用得衡量标准 2 计算:定义篮子→找出价格→计算费用→选择基年并计算指数→计算通货膨胀率 消费者物价指数=*100 3 衡量生活费用过程中存在得问题 替代倾向 新产品得引进

宏观经济学试题及答案99694

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GDP C I G NX =+++ 这里必须强调投资和我们平时所讲的投资是有区别的,这里投资主要是购买用于生产物品的物品,也就购买生产资料,包括机械、建筑等。 在第二十三章最后一节里,曼昆阐述了三个非常重要的概念:名义GDP 、真实GDP 和GDP 平减指数。概而言之,名义GDP 是以当年价格乘以生产数量而得到的数字;真实GDP 主要排除了价格的影响,以一个年份的价格作为不变价格,乘以当年生产数量从而得到真实GDP ,主要反映生产数量的变化,可以更好的衡量一国的经济福利;GDP 平减指数是用来衡量价格变动的指标,GDP 100GDP GDP =?名义平减指数真实。需要指出, GDP 平减指数可以用来测量通货膨胀的一个指标,这就要通过以下公式计算GDP 平减指数的变动: 100%GDP GDP GDP GDP -=?第二年平减指数第一年平减指数平减指数第一年平减指数 当然,GDP 并不是完美的,在环境、收入分配等环节上是无法通过GDP 反映的。虽然如今很多经济学家都在呼吁绿色GDP 或者GDP 重新改革,而目前我们国家还有太多需要发展,经济水平还是偏下,在东部也许可以重新衡量GDP 统计,在中西部则还是弊大于利。GDP 衡量体系一旦变化,这些地区将面临更加不利发展的经济环境。这就好比教导三岁小孩要先天下之忧而忧,他又真能做到如此?经济就像人生,经历波澜壮阔、起起伏伏之后才能把握住最美、最好的一幕,让一个还没有发展的经济区域妄谈环境、低碳必会引来因噎废食。 接着在二十四章里,曼昆谈论了消费物价指数(consumer prize index )。这是一个非常有大众缘的指数,无论是国内还是国外媒体CPI 的确是一个抢眼的词汇。首先,曼昆介绍了消费物价指数含义和计算方法。所谓的消费物价指数,是消费者购买一篮子商品和劳务所支付的总价格。根据各种商品在消费者消费中重要程度高低赋予一定的权重,计算出当年总支出。再确定某一个基期价格,利用下面公式: 消费者物价指数=(当期总物价/基期总物价)×100 然后通过计算相邻年份或月份CPI 的变动率,也就是通货膨胀率就可以衡量一定时期内价格变动的比率。当然,消费者物价指数有其固有的弱点。消费者物价指数反映不了消费偏向导致的消费结构的变化,所以一揽子商品必须适时而变。消费者物价指数无法反映新产品和质量的变动。 如消费者物价指数,GDP 平减指数也是反映通货膨胀一个指数,而且这两个指数可以相互配合来确定当年物价变动状况。而两者又存在一些差别。从对象上看,GDP 平减指数反映的是所有生产的物品和劳务,而CPI 仅仅是消费者购买的物品和劳务,这就导致石油价格上涨时非产油国的CPI 与GDP 平减指数有较大的背离。从统计结构来看,CPI 主要是固定的一篮子商品,而GDP 平减指数主要是根据当年生产情况来确定。 在第二部分,曼昆讨论了美元价格比较和真实、名义利率。因为经济运行中会出现通货膨胀和通货紧缩,20年前的人民币肯定不是今天的人民币,这就需用一定换算公式来进行比较:当今的货币数量=T 年前的货币数量×(T 年前的物价水平/当今的物价水平)。而真实利率=名义利率-通货膨胀率。 总体上讲,这一篇介绍了两种最基本的数字,一个是反映生产水平的GDP ,一个是反映物价水平的CPI ,这也是构成宏观经济运行检测非常重要的两个指标。 第九篇中介绍了长期中经济真实情况。在第二十五章里,作者论述了GDP 增长的决定因素。一般来说,一个经济体按照a%的速度增长,那么在(70/a )年份时就可以实现翻番。国与国之间经济上存在的巨大差异,增长率起到很大的作用。生产率是决定增长率非常重要

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(完整版)宏观经济学题库及答案

宏观经济学题库及答案 1.宏观经济学的创始人是(A)。 A.斯密; B.李嘉图; C.凯恩斯; D.萨缪尔森。 2.宏观经济学的中心理论是(C)。 A.价格决定理论; B.工资决定理论; C.国民收入决定理论; D.汇率决定理论。 3.下列各项中除哪一项外,均被认为是宏观经济的“疾病”(D)。 A.高失业; B.滞胀; C.通货膨胀; D.价格稳定。 4.表示一国居民在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值的总量指标是(A)。 A.国民生产总值; B.国内生产总值; C.名义国内生产总值; D.实际国内生产总值。 5.一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数 值被称为(B)。 A.国民生产总值; B.实际国内生产总值; C.名义国内生产总值; D.潜在国内生产总值。

6.实际GDP等于(B)。 A.价格水平/名义GDP; B.名义GDP/价格水平×100; C.名义GDP乘以价格水平; D.价格水平乘以潜在GDP。 7.下列各项中属于流量的是(A)。 A.国内生产总值; B.国民债务; C.现有住房数量; D.失业人数。 8.存量是(A)。 A.某个时点现存的经济量值; B.某个时点上的流动价值; C.流量的固体等价物; D.某个时期内发生的经济量值。 9. 下列各项中哪一个属于存量?(C)。 A. 国内生产总值; B. 投资; C. 失业人数; D. 人均收入。 10.古典宏观经济理论认为,利息率的灵活性使得(B)。 A.储蓄大于投资; B.储蓄等于投资; C.储蓄小于投资; D.上述情况均可能存在。

11.古典宏观经济理论认为,实现充分就业的原因是(C)。 A.政府管制; B.名义工资刚性; C.名义工资灵活性; D.货币供给适度。 12.根据古典宏观经济理论,价格水平降低导致下述哪一变量减少(C)。 A.产出; B.就业; C.名义工资; D.实际工资。 13.在凯恩斯看来,造成资本主义经济萧条的根源是(A)。 A.有效需求不足; B.资源短缺; C.技术落后; D.微观效率低下。 14.下列各项中不是流量指标的是(D) A.消费支出; B.PDI; C.GDP; D.个人财富。 15.在国民收入核算账户中,下列各项中除了哪一项外均计入投资需求(D)。 A.厂商购买新的厂房和设备的支出; B.居民购买新住房的支出; C.厂商产品存货的增加; D.居民购买股票的支出。

宏观经济学试卷与答案

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《曼昆—宏观经济学》 重点总结

第23章一国收入的衡量—GDP 微观经济学(microeconomics)研究个别家庭和企业如何做出决策,以及它们如何在市场上相互交易。宏观经济学(macroeconomics)研究整个经济,包括通货膨胀、失业率和经济增长。 一GDP 1 定义:国内生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP) 是在某一既定时期一个国家内生产的所有最终物品与劳务的市场价值。 2 组成:GDP(用Y代表)被分为四个组成部分:消费(C)、投资(I)、政府购买(G)、净出口(NX): Y = C +I +G +NX 3 实际GDP与名义GDP:实际GDP=名义GDP-通货膨胀率,衡量的是生产的变动,而不是物价的变动。 4 GDP平减指数:,是经济学家用来检测经济平均物价水平,从而监测通货膨胀率的一个重要指标。(GDP deflator) 5 GDP与经济福利: ?由于GDP用市场价格来评价物品与劳务,它就没有把几乎所有在市场之外进行的活动的价值包括进来,特别是,GDP漏掉了在家庭中生产的物品与劳务的价值。 ?GDP没有包括的另一种东西是环境质量。 ?GDP也没有涉及收入分配。 二衡量收入的其他指标: ?国民生产总值(GNP):是一国永久居民(称为国民)所赚到的总收入。它与GDP的不同之处在于:它包括本国公民在国外赚到的收入,而不包括外国人在本国赚到的收入。 ?国民生产净值(NNP):是一国居民的总收入(GNP)减折旧的消耗。 ?国民收入、个人收入、个人可支配收入 第24章生活费用的衡量—CPI 一CPI 1 定义:消费物价指数(consumer price index,CPI) 是普通消费者所购买的物品与劳务的总费用的衡量标准 2 计算:定义篮子→找出价格→计算费用→选择基年并计算指数→计算通货膨胀率 消费者物价指数=*100 3 衡量生活费用过程中存在的问题 替代倾向 新产品的引进

宏观经济学期末试卷及答案

一、1、在一般情况下,国民收入核算体系中数值最小的是: A、国内生产净值 B、个人收入 C、个人可支配收入 D、国民收入 E、国内生产总值 2、下列哪一项应计入GDP中: A、面包厂购买的面粉 B、购买40股股票 C、家庭主妇购买的面粉 D、购买政府债券 E、以上各项都不应计入。 3、计入GDP的有: A、家庭主妇的家务劳动折算合成的收入 B、拍卖毕加索作品的收入 C、出神股票的收入 D、晚上为邻居照看儿童的收入 E、从政府那里获得的困难补助收入 4、在下列各项中,属于经济中的注入因素是 A、投资; B、储蓄; C、净税收; D、进口。 5、政府支出乘数 A、等于投资乘数 B、比投资乘数小1 C、等于投资乘数的相反数 D、等于转移支付乘数 E、以是说法都不正确 6、在以下情况中,投资乘数最大的是 A、边际消费倾向为0.7; B、边际储蓄倾向为0.2; C、边际储蓄倾向为0.4; D、边际储蓄倾向为0.3。 7、国民消费函数为C=80+0.8Y,如果消费增加100亿元,国民收入 A、增加100亿元; B、减少100亿元; C、增加500亿元; D、减少500亿元。 8、如果政府支出增加 A、对IS曲线无响应 B、IS曲线向右移动 C、IS曲线向左移动 D、以上说法都不正确 9、政府税收的增加将 A、对IS曲线无响应 B、IS曲线向右移动 C、IS曲线向左移动 D、以上说法都不正确 10、位于IS曲线左下方的收入与利率的组合,都是 A、投资大于储蓄; B、投资小于储蓄;

C、投资等于储蓄; D、无法确定。 11、当经济中未达到充分就业时,如果LM曲线不变,政府支出增加会导致 A、收入增加、利率上升; B、收入增加、利率下降; C、收入减少、利率上升; D、收入减少、利率下降。 12、一般地,在IS曲线不变时,货币供给减少会导致 A、收入增加、利率上升; B、收入增加、利率下降; C、收入减少、利率上升; D、收入减少、利率下降。 13、如果现行产出水平为10万亿元,总需求为8万亿,可以断定,若经济不是充分就业,那么: A、就业水平将下降 B、收入水平将上升 C、收入和就业水平将均衡 D、就业量将上升 E、就业水平将上升,收入将下降 14、在流动陷阱(凯恩斯陷阱)中 A、货币政策和财政政策都十分有效 B、货币政策和财政政策都无效 C、货币政策无效,财政政策有效 D、货币政策有效,财政政策无效 E、以上说法都不正确 15、如果实施扩张性的货币政策,中央银行可采取的措施是 A、卖出国债; B、提高法定准备金比率; C、降低再贴现率; D、提高再贴现率; 16、如果名义利率为6%,通货膨胀率为12%,那么实际利率是 A、6%; B、18%; C、12%; D、-6%。 17、自发投资增加10亿元,会使IS曲线 A、右移10亿元 B、左移10亿元 C、右移10亿元乘以支出乘数 D、左移10亿元乘以乘数 18、由于经济萧条而出现的失业属于: A、摩擦性失业 B、结构性失业 C、周期性失业 D、自愿性失业 19、如果某人刚进入劳动力队伍尚未找到工作,这是属于 A、摩擦性失业 B、结构性失业 C、周期性失业 D、自愿性失业 20、根据哈罗德的分析,如果有保证的增长率大于实际增长率,经济将: A、累积性扩张 B、累积性萧条 C、均衡增长

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