八年级英语下册M3,M4知识点汇总教学文稿

八年级英语下册M3,M4知识点汇总

M3

短语汇总:

be up to 正在做；忙于 make a model做一个模型 no problem没问题

the latest news最新的新闻 on the news 上新闻 several months几个月

be far away遥远的 in order to为了 space travel太空旅行

go online上网 search for information搜寻信息 hundreds of 成百上千的

millions of数百万的 hundreds of millions of数亿的 go around运转

solar system太阳系 far enough足够远communicate with…和……联系

no one没有一个人 in space 在太空 on the earth 在地球上

in the universe 在宇宙中 a small part of …的一小部分 a large group of …的一个很大的群体take photos 拍照 come back 回来 arrive at/in 到达 put up 挂起来

space station 太空站 decide to 决定去做 be interested in 对…感兴趣

知识点汇总

1.be up to doing sth = be busy doing sth.“忙于……，正在做……”。

拓展：be up to + sb. 取决于某人。

练习

I am busy doing my homework.

=___________________________________.

2.I haven’t started yet.

yet用于否定句和疑问句，意思是“还，尚”。not…yet的意思是“还没，尚未”，表示某事物在某一时间尚未发生，但未来也许会发生。

e.g. I have not learned any further information yet.

我还没得到进一步的信息

3.That’s why it’s on the news.这就是它（宇宙飞船）上新闻的原因。

that is why…表示“这就是……的原因”

拓展：that's because后接某事发生的原因

that's why 后接某事产生的结果

例句：

I was late for school.That's because I met with an old friend on the way. 我上学迟到了,因为我在路上碰到一位老朋友。

I met with an old friend on the way,and that's why I was late for school. 我在路上碰到一位老朋友,因此我上学迟到了。

4.hundreds of millions of years 上亿年的

hundred前加基数词，表示“一百、二百、三百……”，hundred要用单数形式；hundred与of连用表示“数百”时，hundred要用复数形式，即hundreds of。

类似的用法还有：thousand，million，billion。

练习：We planted _____ trees last year.

A. hundreds of

B. hundred of

C. five hundreds

D. five hundred of

5. none 指三个或三个以上的人或物中“没有一个”，其后常接“of +名词/代词”，后面动词单复数形式均可。

no one表示“没有人”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。

练习：None of us ____________ Sanya.

我们都没去过三亚。

6. in order to do sth in order not to do sth in order that

so that

We get up early in order to get to school on time.

= In order to get to school on time, we get up early .

= We get up early we can get to school on time.

= We get up early we can get to school on time.

7.dicover find invent

Can you find my lost dog？

Edison invented the light.

Who discovered the life on Mars?

语法汇总

现在完成时（2）

１.当表示动作已经完成并对现在有一定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时来表达。此时，可以分别用just，already或yet加以强调或说明。

常与现在完成时连用的副词：already，just， yet，ever，never

●just 表示“刚刚”；already 表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般置于have/has之

后；

●yet则可用于否定句和疑问句中，在否定句中表示“还未”，有“以后可能会”的含义，

而在疑问句中表示“已经”的意思。

●ever，never可用于否定句和疑问句中，在句中表示曾经，绝不的意思。

e.g.

1)I have just heard the news.

我刚听到消息。

2)Astronauts have already been to the moon.

宇航员已经去过月球了。

3)Man has not discovered any life in space yet.

人类尚未在太空中发现任何生命。

4)Have the children come home yet? 孩子们已经回家了吗？

5)Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？

6)We have never heard about it. 我们从没听说过这事。

２.现在完成时与一般过去时

1)现在完成时表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于强调已完成动

作对现在的影响。

一般过去时表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。

e.g.

I have just been to London. I went there last month.

我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。

2)当没有明确的过去时间状语时，判断该用现在完成时还是一般过去时的标准是：看该

行为是否对现在有影响。

A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight?

你今晚想和我去看电影吗？

B: Sorry, I have seen it already.

不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。【已经看过了这部电影对现在的影响就是：电影看过了，所以不想再看了】

3.区分have/has been to have/has gone to have /has been in

have/has gone to 强调的是在去某地的路上或者还在某地，人还没回来。

have/has been to 强调的是去过某地，人已经回来了。

have /has been in 强调的是待在某地，后跟表示一段时间的状语

用have / has been to, have / has gone to或have / has been in填空。

1.Mr Black _____ Tokyo on business. You can leave a message.

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