英国文学赏析.
英国文学赏析
《简·爱》
Jane Eyre
艺术与设计学院
工业设计12-1班
李伟
20122000
世界上没有一个人是完美的，
但是我们可以尽量让自己变得更完美很小的时候，就喜欢看各种题材的小说，然而小女孩的心思永远都会把更多的经历集中在爱情小说上。记得我最爱的一部反腐小说中，有一个女主角对爱情有一句让我至今记忆犹新的诠释“爱情，一定是要有刻骨铭心的爱和恨，要死要活的嫉妒，若只是淡淡的思念，却永远无法唤醒我体内沉睡的因子，那就不叫爱，只能说是友情”。
我不知道是否属实，但是我想，简爱是相信这句话的。若不是，她就不会拒绝圣约翰，不顾一切来到罗切斯特先生的庄园。尽管他眼睛瞎了，右手没了，她依然愿意陪在她身边，生生世世，充当他的眼睛和右手，为他生儿育女。
把《简爱》小说看完后，我苦思冥想了很久，我在思考它为什么会是世界名著之一？它不像《老人与海》那样送样可贵精神。它不过是一部爱情小说，是一部自传体小说，却在文学史上有着浓妆艳抹的一笔。是从它的题材上赢得了读者的好评？还是它华丽的辞藻让读者看到了莎士比亚的影子？亦或者是主人公的命运及她的曲折的爱情故事让大家公认它是一部好著作？
我尝试着寻找答案，最后我觉得该小说的美学价值在于：刻画了各种不完美的人，但他们后天却有了完美的人格，
并且永远存在自己是有缺陷的。《简爱》这部小说里的人物，没有一个是完美的，她们或许是长相的不好看，如女主人公简爱，如男主人公罗切斯特，也可能是品格上的缺陷，如美丽的英格拉姆小姐和乔治安娜小姐，又或者是性格上的缺陷以及过于没人情味，如圣约翰和伊丽莎白小姐。相对完美的是简爱的表姐戴安娜和玛丽。
很小的时候，就看了《简爱》那时候和现在的领悟不一样。而且我相信小时候没有看完，而今一字不落地阅读完毕。随着人生境界的不同，对书的领悟也不同。
一个从小性格就与众不同的孤儿——简爱，被寄养在舅舅家里，舅舅早逝，舅妈不喜欢她，虐待她、把她送到慈善机构学习并在那当了两年的老师。两年后，受价值观的和体内不安分因子的牵引，她决定换一份工作，来到了桑菲尔德庄园当罗切斯特监护的一个小孩的家庭教师，并爱上了罗切斯特，在相互倾慕并走向婚姻的殿堂的时候，一切故事被改写了，罗切斯特有一个疯子太太，简爱是一个倔强、顽固、有自尊又受过高等教育的女孩，不甘心当他的情妇，身无分文离家出走，经历贫苦和饥饿，晕倒在沼泽谷。被好心的圣约翰和两位妹妹收养，并被推荐去当了一名乡村老师。就在这个时候，她意外地继承了一笔财产，也知道了自己和圣约翰一家的表兄妹关系，圣约翰想带她去东方传教，让简爱嫁给他，就在她意志力快要屈服的时候，灵魂的穿越让她与罗
切斯特在精神上相通，她又回到了桑菲尔德，却发现人去楼空，一场火把整个庄园化为灰烬、留下的不过是残垣断壁，在辗转中她找到了她日日念着的人，虽然他已经失明，虽然他已经没了右臂，他们依然心连心，依然喜结连理，并且有了自己的孩子。
实话，我没有看出故事有多么的奇特，但是构思方面很好，至少阅读的过程中我一直在思考这是真的故事嘛？名著不同于爱情小说，她不需要通过空泛的浮躁的东西来渲染，而是静静地，平实中却让人有一种意味深长的感觉，小说中有大篇幅有关信仰，或许在西方，任何一本优秀的小说都有一个共同的文化背景，那就是有关于基督教，有关于《圣经》、有关于信仰。
有了信仰，每一个人，无论天生是否完美，都可以虔诚和祷告，祈祷上帝的宽恕和包容，并如《圣经》里经常出现的一句话“主与你同在”，因为有主的庇护和普度，每一个人，即使再不完美都会有可圈可点的地方，同样，再丑的人也会泛着七彩的光环。
简爱是不漂亮，可是她有着如精灵一样的头脑和善良宽容充满爱心和同情心，罗切斯特先生虽然不帅，但是他很绅士、很有威严，而且在作者很少有修饰的刻画下，个人是很喜欢这个角色的，他不经意间流露的笑容和要死要活地嫉妒都会让每一个少女封存的心为之悄悄打开，圣约翰是一个帅
气的牧师，虽然因价值观的不一样，最终和简爱没走到一起，但我依然很喜欢那个帅气的年轻人，戴安娜和玛丽两个女孩是我非常喜欢的，因为她们的善心最后他们也得到了简爱的报答。人，任何时候还是多一份同情，多一份爱心，只有这样，我们的人生才会完美，品格才会更高尚，并会发现无意之中我们会发现，我们帮助的不一定是别人，有时候还是我们自己，因果报应永恒存在，种福得福。
《简爱》这部小说，让我看到：人，生来也许不完美，但是我们可以通过各种努力让自己变得完美
必读英美文学经典作品20本
必读英美文学经典作品20本 American Literature 1、The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Howthorne《红字》霍桑著 小说惯用象征手法，人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩，在描写中又常把人的心理活
动和直觉放在首位。因此，它不仅是美利坚合众国浪漫主义小说的代表作，同时也被称作 是美利坚合众国心理分析小说的开创篇。 2、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain 《哈克贝利.芬历险记》 简称《赫克》是美国文学中的珍品,也是美国文化中的珍品。十六年前【1984】 ,美国文坛为《赫克》出版一百周年举行了广泛的庆祝活动和学术讨论,也出版了一些研究马克吐温,特别是他的《赫克》的专著。专门为一位大作家的一本名著而举行如此广泛的纪念和专门的研究,这在世界文坛上也是少有的盛事。这是因为《赫克》的意义不一般. 美国著名作家海明威说, "一切现代美国文学来自一本书, 即马克吐温的《赫克尔贝里芬历险记》……这是我们所有书中最好的。一切美国文学都来自这本书,在它之前,或在它之后,都不曾有
过能与之媲美的作品。 3、The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James 《贵妇画像》 亨利.詹姆斯著】 美国小说家亨利·詹姆斯的《贵妇画像》自问世以来一直受到文学评论界的关注，专家学者已从各个不同角度对女主人伊莎贝尔·阿切尔作了深入细致的研究。本文试图从一个全新的视角，即跨文化交际角度，剖析伊莎贝尔在婚姻方面所作的选择。文章指出她是该小说中跨文化交际的最大失败者，并对其失败原因作了分析。希望在跨文化交际日益频繁的今天我们都能从伊莎贝尔的生活经历中得到某种启发。
英国文学作家及作品分析,语言学
英国文学作品与作家 一、Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1343~1400 (首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. Writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. 作品： ①
莎士比亚同时代戏剧家本·琼森（Ben Johnson）--他不属于一个时代，而是属于。（He was not of an age, but for all time.） 作品： ①Historical plays: Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; He nry V ；Richard II；Henry VIII ②Four Comedies:
英国诗歌欣赏期末考试题(附答案)
I.Multiple Choice 1.To commerate the death of his young wife, __________wrote the poem Annabel Lee. a. D.H. Lawrence b. John Milton c. Philip Phreneau d. Edgar Allan Poe 2. In Leisure, ____________ thinks that it is a poor life if “we have no time to stand and stare” a. John Keats b. William Henry Davies c. Alexander Pope d. John Donne 3.. In Amy Lowell’s Falling Snow, the poet says that “When the temple bell rings again/ they will be covered and gone”. “They” here refers to ______ a. the wooden clogs b. footprints c. the pilgrims d. none of the above 4. The “busy archer”in Philip Sydney’s To the Moon refers to____ a. the poet himself b. Cupid c. a comrade-in-arms of the poet d. none of the above 5. “Act____act in the glorious present”is perphaps the most soul-stirring line in _________’s poem A Psalm of Life. a. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow b. Percy Bissy Shelly c. Walt Whitman d. Carl Sandburg 6. In Song of the Rain, _________ paints a rosy picture of happy family life where the poet is “Safe in the House with my boyhood love/ And our children are asleep in the attic above”. a. Kenneth Mackenzie b. Carl Sandburg c. Hugh MacCrae d. Jerard Manley Hopkins 7. “Day brought back my night”is a well-praised phrase from __________’s On His Deceased Wife. a. Edgar Allan Poe b. Robert Frost c. John Milton d. Philip Sydney 8. In James Shirley’s poem Death the Leveller, the word “leveller” means a. something that reduces everything to nothing b. something that brings equality to all c. something that levels the ground d. none of the abov e. 9. What does “Fire” in Robert Frost’s poem Fire and Ice symbolize? a. war b. anger c. love d. desire 10. In John Keat’s poem The Terror of Death, the phrase “unreflecting love” means a. love without calculation b. love without preparation c. love never thought of d. love involving many considerations II.Blank Filling 1.One word is too often ________, For me to ________ it One feeling is too ______distained, For ______ to distain it .
英国文学作品赏析复习大纲
Review 1.Literary Glossary Question: What is the definition of each literary term below? Heroic couplet Byronic hero stream-of-consciousness Metaphysical poetry/poet Romance comedy tragedy soliloquy Sentimentalism/Sentimental novel Gothic novel foil Romanticism/Romantic era sonnet blank verse stanza Iambic pentameter Aestheticism 2.Selected reading. (1). The first twelve lines in the General Prologue in Canterbury Tale. (2). Shakespeare: sonnet 18(The main theme of this poem.) Act3 scene3, Hamlet’s monologue (main idea, major themes, meter and rhyme) (3). Milton, Paradise Lost Book 1, excerpt, lines describing Satan’s unyielding spirit (line50--75) (Satan’s character) (4). Jonathan Swift: A Modest Proposal (For whom was this essay written?) Gulliver’s travels (the name of each place Gulliver visits) (5). William Blake: Tyger (central image, main theme) (6). Robert Burns: My heart’s in the highlands (theme, does the speaker love the highlands? How does he show his love in the poem?) (7). William Wordsworth: I wondered lonely as a cloud (the central image, rhyme scheme, main idea of each stanza) (8). Shelley: Ode to the west wind. First stanza. (why is the west wind both destroyer and preserver?) (9). Jane Austen: chapter 1, first and second paragraph: “It is truly universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of life” (Is there any irony? What does this sentence imply?) (10). Jane Eyre: Chapter 5 and chapter 4 (Jane Eyre’s personality and Mr Rochester’s character) (11). Hardy: Tess of the D’Urbervilles (subtitle of the novel, Tess’ character) 3.Key characters. Hamlet, Shylock, Satan, Robinson Crusoe, Jane Eyre… 4.Literary stages What are the main themes and dominating literary genres(文学体裁) in each of the following historical periods? Medieval age, the Renaissance, the Restoration and Revolution, The age of Enlightenment, Romantic era, the Victorian age (the age of realist critical realism, modernism.
英国诗歌赏析1(本科)
Sonnet 18 William Shakespeare S hall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And of ten is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or n ature’s changing course untrimm’d; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; N or shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee Selected Metaphysical poems by John Donne I. THE FLEA Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which thou deniest me is ; It suck'd me first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea our two bloods mingled be. Thou know'st that this cannot be said A sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead; Yet this enjoys before it woo, And pamper'd swells with one blood made of two ; And this, alas ! is more than we would do. O stay, three lives in one flea spare, Where we almost, yea, more than married are. This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage bed, and marriage temple is. Though parents grudge, and you, we're met, And cloister'd in these living walls of jet. Though use make you apt to kill me, Let not to that self-murder added be, And sacrilege, three sins in killing three.
英国文学Iwonderedlonelyasacloud赏析整理
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud By William Wordsworth 1 I wandered lonely as a cloud 我好似一朵孤独的流云, （Simile） That floats on high o'er vales and hills,高高地飘游在山谷之上, （Simile） When all at once I saw a crowd,突然我看见一大片鲜花, （Personification/Metaphor） A host, of golden daffodils;是金色的水仙遍地开放, Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 它们开在湖畔,开在树下, （alliteration） Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.它们随风嬉舞,随风波荡。（Personification/Metaphor 2 Continuous as the stars that shine 它们密集如银河的星星, And twinkle on the milky way, 像群星在闪烁一片晶莹; （一二两行Simile/hyperbole） They stretched in never-ending line 它们沿着海湾向前伸展, Along the margin of a bay: 通往远方仿佛无穷无尽; （三四两行Simile/hyperbole） Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 一眼看去就有千朵万朵, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance..万花摇首舞得多么高兴。（personification） 3 The waves beside them danced; but they粼粼湖波也在近旁欢跳, （personification） Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:却不如这水仙舞得轻俏; （personification） A poet could not but be gay；诗人遇见这快乐的旅伴, In such a jocund company;又怎能不感到欣喜雀跃; I gazed—and gazed—but little thought我久久凝视——却未领悟 What wealth the show to me had brought:...这景象所给我的精神之宝。 4 For oft when on my couch I lie后来多少次我郁郁独卧, In vacant or in pensive mood, 感到百无聊赖心灵空漠;
英国文学选读一考试大题必备 重点题目分析(人物分析 诗歌分析 三大主义)
Hamlet is the first work of literature to look squarely at the stupidity, falsity and sham of everyday life, without laughing and without easy answers. In a world where things are not as they seem, Hamlet…s genuineness, thoughtfulness, and sincerity make him special. Hamlet is no saint. But unlike most of the other characters (and most people today), Hamlet chooses not to compromise with evil. Dying, Hamlet reaffirms the tragic dignity of a basically decent person in a bad world Hamlet is the first work of literature to show an ordinary person looking at the futility and wrongs in life, asking the toughest questions and coming up with honest semi-answers like most people do today. Unlike so much of popular culture today, "Hamlet" leaves us with the message that life is indeed worth living, even by imperfect people in an imperfect world. 犹豫scholars have debated for centuries about Hamlet's hesitation in killing his uncle. Some see it as a plot device to prolong the action, and others see it as the result of pressure exerted by the complex philosophical and ethical issues that surround cold-blooded murder, calculated revenge and thwarted desire. More recently, psychoanalytic critics have examined Hamlet's unconscious desires (Freud concludes that Hamlet has an "Oedipal desire for his mother and the subsequent guilt [is] preventing him from murdering the man [Claudius] who has done what he unconsciously wanted to do". Robinson Crusoe is a grand hero in westerners? eyes. He survived in the deserted island and lived a meaningful life. He almost has everything needed for becoming a successful man, such as his excellent creativity, great working capacity, courage, and persistence in overcoming obstacles. But he has shortcomings, too. Sometimes he was irresolute; he was not confident; he was fetishistic, although his belief had done him much good. He serves somehow as a lighthouse for the ambitious people. It?s also instructive for average people. Robinson was the representative of the bourgeois of the 18th C. It was the time when bourgeois grew stronger and stronger. The author Defoe paid a tribute to bourgeois by creating such a rational, powerful, clever, and successful man. 【Themes of Robinson Crusoe】 1. The ambivalence of mastery In short, while Crusoe seems praiseworthy in mastering his fate by overcoming his obstacles, and controlling his environment, the praiseworthiness of his mastery over his fellow human Friday is more doubtful. Defoe explores the link between the two in his depiction of the colonial mind. 2. The necessity of Repentance Crusoe?s experiences constitute not simply an adventure story in which thrilling things happen, but also a moral tale illustrating the right and wrong ways to live one?s life. Crusoe?s story instruct s others in God?s wisdom, and one vital part of this wisdom is the importance of repenting one?s sins. 3. The Importance of Self-Awareness Crusoe?s arrival on the island does not make him revert to a brute existence and he remains conscious of himself at all times. His island existence actually deepens his self-awareness as he withdraws from the external society and turns inward. The idea that the individual must keep a careful reckoning of the state of his own soul is a key point in the Presbyterian doctrine that the aothor took seriously all his life. ·Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte The protagonist and title character, orphaned as a baby. She is a plain-featured, small and reserved but talented, sympathetic, hard-working, honest and passionate girl. Skilled at studying, drawing, and teaching, she works as a governess at Thornfield Hall and falls in love with her wealthy employer, Edward Rochester. But her strong sense of conscience does not permit her to become his mistress, and she does not return to him until his insane wife is dead and she herself has come into an inheritance. 【Themes of Jane Eyre】 1. Gender relations A particularly important theme in the novel is patriarchalism and Jane…s efforts to assert her own identity within male-dominated society. Among the three of the main male characters,
英美文学作品赏析课程介绍
“英美文学作品赏析”课程简介 一、课程简介 “英美文学作品赏析”(“Appreciation of British and American Literary Works”)是依据教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》中的较高要求，为非英语专业大学生开设的“语言文化”类课程。课程以阅读名家名作精彩片段为主，以欣赏相关作品音频、视频片段为辅，通过阅读、讲授、讨论、表演、诵读、赏析等生动活泼的形式，使学生了解英美两国文学简史，理解经典作品的主要艺术特色。本课程从考勤、学习过程、期末开卷考试三方面评估学生的学习情况。通过听、读、说、写、译的综合训练，致力于培养学生运用英语学科基础知识、运用文学常识鉴赏评析作品的能力。在轻松愉快的氛围中，提高学生的团队合作、创造性思维、跨文化交际能力，增强学生对英美文学、文化的兴趣与感悟力，促进学生语言基本功和人文修养的提高。 二、课程内容 课程共48学时，主要内容为：
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