2012年广东省广州市中考英语试卷-答案

广东省广州市2012年初中毕业生学业考试

英语答案解析

一、听力

第一节听力理解

1.【答案】C

2.【答案】B

3.【答案】B

4.【答案】C

5.【答案】B

6.【答案】A

7.【答案】B

8.【答案】B

9.【答案】C

10.【答案】A

11.【答案】B

12.【答案】A

13.【答案】C

14.【答案】A

15.【答案】C

第二节听取信息

A.【答案】English Book

B.【答案】1500

C.【答案】Copy your work

D.【答案】Funny

E.【答案】March

二、语言知识及运用

第一节单项选择

16.【答案】C

【解析】根据“you were talking about”可知这一部分是做book的定语，指昨天谈论的这本书，表特指，联系冠词的用法表特指应该用定冠词the。

【提示】句意：—这本书是昨天你谈论的那本吗？—是的，非常感谢你。

【考点】定冠词

17.【答案】A

【解析】根据“asked her…the bag”和“it was too expensive”可知这个书包太贵了，所以要求她不要买这个书包，在这里考查了固定结构ask…to do sth的否定形式，直接在不定式前加not。

【提示】句意：他要求她不要买这个书包，因为它的价格太贵了。

【考点】不定式

18.【答案】B

【解析】在宾语从句中要用陈述语序，也就是主谓宾的语序。根据“wonder…it”以及四个选项，可知空格处需要一个宾语从句作wonder的宾语，从句中要用陈述语序。另外根据“surprising”可知对他取得高分感到诧异，所以想知道是如何取得高分的，因此用how引导宾语从句。

【提示】句意：—他得了这么高的分数真是让人吃惊。—是的。我很想知道他是怎么做到的。

【考点】宾语从句

19.【答案】C

【解析】turn up调高；get up起床；give up放弃；grow up长大。因为“although you may meet some difficulties”意思为虽然你可能会遇到一些麻烦，可知是让你不要放弃。

【提示】句意：虽然你可能遇见一些困难，你应该绝不放弃。

【考点】动词短语

20.【答案】D

【解析】根据“after the long walk”可以知道走了很长的一段路之后，可以推测出“一定饿了”，must be表示推测时，意思是“一定，肯定”。

【提示】句意：走了这么长的一段路，你一定饿了。随便吃一些蛋糕吧。

【考点】情态动词

21.【答案】B

【解析】根据“twice already”可知，动作发生在过去但是强调对现在的影响，这时用现在完成时；现在完成时态的结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，此题对方的判断“你会喜欢它的”，可知“他对书已经了解”。【提示】句意：—我买了哈利波特终结版的书。—你会喜欢它的，我已经读过两遍了。

【考点】现在完成时

22.【答案】B

【解析】better更好的，best最好的，good形容词，好的；well，副词，好地。根据“it's the one I've ever seen.”可知我看到过的电影应该不止一部，应该有许多，这部应该是我看过的最…的一部，所以这个句子应

该用形容词的最高级形式。best，最好的。

【提示】句意：—你喜欢这部电影吗？—是的，这是我看到过的最好的一部。

【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级

23.【答案】A

【解析】so that译为目的是为了，such that连在一起时，such是代词，不是形容词，that引导的是such的同位语从句，that译为那个，in order为了，后面要加that从句或者to do不定式，根据句意的关键词“has to earn lots of money”和“he can buy his children nice food and clothes”可知挣钱是为了给孩子买美味的食物和漂亮的衣服。

【提示】句意：他必须赚许多的钱，目的是为了给他的孩子们买美味的食物和衣服。

【考点】连词辨析

24.【答案】C

【解析】someone某人；no one没人；everyone每个人；anyone任何人。根据“Ms. Wang is an excellent teacher”以及“loves her”可知我们每个人都喜欢她。

【提示】句意：王老师是一个很优秀的老师。我们班里的每个人都喜欢她。

【考点】不定代词

25.【答案】D

【考点】定语从句

【提示】句意：无论他什么时候迟到，他都能找到听上去合理的大量借口。

【解析】通过分析句子结构及意义，确定出定语从句的先行词为plenty of excuses，其后的sounded reasonable 作它的定语；由于先行词为物，所以后面的引导词为that或which，结合选项，由于选项中没有that，所以只能用which；who的先行词指人，故排除A；where的先行词表地点，故排除B；when的先行词表时间，故排除C；综合以上分析，故选D。

第二节语法选择

26.【答案】D

【解析】holiday是celebrate动作的承受者，因此使用被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，而且时态是一般现在时态，故填is celebrated，结合句意：在不同的国家庆祝节日是不同的。

【考点】被动语态

27.【答案】C

【解析】前句意思是“每个国家的庆祝方式不同”，后句意思是“风俗习惯不同”。后面表示原因，因此使用because。

【考点】连词的辨析

28.【答案】A

【解析】结合题干可知此处是在某一天，介词使用on。

【考点】介词的辨析

29.【答案】B

【解析】结合题干可知此处是定语从句，anyone是先行词，后面是定语从句修饰它，空格部分指人，且做从句的主语，因此用who作关系代词。

【考点】定语从句引导词的辨析

30.【答案】C

【解析】前面谈到美国，后面谈到日本；再根据后面的too，可以确定是并列关系，用连词and连接两个并排的事情。

【考点】连词的辨析

31.【答案】D

【解析】前面已经提到一种礼物Chocolate，这里提到其他的礼物，可加副词“也”，用在be动词和实意动词之间，应该用also，也，放在居中。too，也，用在肯定句中，放在句子末尾，前用逗号隔开；either，也用在否定句中，放在句子末尾，前用逗号隔开。

【考点】连词的辨析

32.【答案】A

【解析】这里谈到美国和日本在送礼物时的区别，因此用difference；与后面is保持一致，用单数形式。【考点】名词的辨析

33.【答案】A

【解析】此处是祈使句，应该使用动词原形。

【考点】动词的辨析

34.【答案】D

【解析】此处代替boys and girls修饰friends，因此使用形容词性物主代词their。

【考点】代词的辨析

35.【答案】B

【解析】从最后一句可知：喜欢在美国当女人；由此可推测：在美国女人得到的礼物比男人的贵。根据than 可知，本句使用比较级。expensive前面加more构成比较级。

【考点】形容词的比较级

三、完形填空

36.【答案】B

【解析】A. sand沙子；B. snow雪；C. thunder打雷；D. rain雨。根据前一句“was covered in white”被白色覆盖，可知遭受了暴风雪。

【考点】名词的辨析

37.【答案】A

【解析】A. apples苹果；B. winter冬天；C. games游戏；D. bones骨头。根据上句中的“We have two apple trees in our backyard.”和下句的“she usually grabs a dirty apple from the ground to eat later on.”可知小狗喜欢苹果。

【考点】名词的辨析

38.【答案】C

【解析】A. clear清楚的；B. Correct正确的；C. happy高兴的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据后面的“so she tries to hide it from me”可猜测“我”不高兴她把脏苹果带到房子里，因此小狗才会“藏苹果”。

【考点】形容词的辨析

39.【答案】D

【解析】A. 1ate晚的；B. beautifully美丽地；C. 1ightly轻地；D. early早地。第一段已经指出是暴风雪，而且是秋天，此处应该是：对于这个季节来说，雪下得早。

【考点】形容词的辨析

40.【答案】B

【解析】A. met遇见；B. watched看；C. called打电话；D. heard听见。根据“I noticed that she was（41）lots of holes and bringing out the apples buried beneath the snow.”可知小狗在房子外面，我在房子里面“观看”她。【考点】动词的辨析

41.【答案】D

【解析】A. hiding隐藏；B. finding找到；C. cutting切割；D. digging挖。根据后半句“bringing out the apples buried beneath the snow”找出埋在雪里的苹果，此处应该是：我注意到她正在挖洞。

【考点】动词的辨析

42.【答案】A

【解析】A. determined确定的；B. suitable合适的；C. nervous焦急的；D. encouraged鼓励。结合题干可知此处是be determined to do sth.句型，“决心做某事”，结合句意：她决定挖出更多的苹果。

【考点】形容词的辨析

43.【答案】C

【解析】A. hit撞击；B. marked标记；C. covered覆盖；D. taken带走。结合题干可知此处是be covered with “被…覆盖”，结合句意：院子几乎被小鸟们覆盖。

【考点】动词的辨析

44.【答案】B

【解析】A. delicious美味的；B. enough足够的；C. 1ess比较少的；D. extra额外的。根据上一句：Prana挖出了所有那些苹果给她的鸟朋友吃。此处应该是：她知道，他们没有准备足够的食物过冬。

【考点】形容词的辨析

45.【答案】C

【解析】A. teacher老师；B. friend朋友；C. animal动物；D. bird小鸟。根据上文“Prana had dug up all those apples for her bird friends to eat.”可知这个“爱”是来自小狗的，因此用animal。

【考点】名词的辨析

四、阅读理解

46.【答案】B

【解析】从第二段第二句“It began with a tiny disagreement about a horse.”可知是因为“马”。

47.【答案】A

【解析】根据短文内容“It began with a tiny disagreement about a horse, which grew into a major difference. The difference led to angry words, followed by weeks of silence between the two brothers.”可知因为两人有隔阂，Jason挖小溪，Paul想做栅栏，可推测出“我比他干得更绝”。

48.【答案】C

【解析】通读全文尤其是“As Paul stood on the bridge, staring in amazement, his younger brother Jason, came across, and took Paul's hand. You are a good man to have built this bridge after a11I've done.”可知，两兄弟关系一致很好，只是因为一点儿小矛盾“冷战”了几星期。不过，通过建筑工的“桥梁”，两兄弟意识到了他们的过错。

49.【答案】D

【解析】前三项均不符合文意。根据短文内容“When he returned, the builder had just finished his job. Paul was shocked. Instead of a fence there was a bridge, stretching from one side of the creek to the other.”可知Paul要求建筑工做栅栏，可他却建了桥，目的就是让两兄弟和好。

50.【答案】B

【解析】根据短文内容可知“The brothers became angry with each other.”这事在前，之后是“Jason dug the creek”然后才有建筑工修桥的故事。

51.【答案】B

【解析】根据第一段“Yet many people continue to use them while driving even though it's dangerous.”然而，许多人继续使用他们驾驶，即使它是危险的。即them代替前面提到的mobile phones。

【解析】根据第二段“…nearly 50 percent slower than when they were driving normally.”打电话的比正常的慢50%，由此可以算出10+10×50/100=15。

53.【答案】A

【解析】从第二段第一句和第二句“It can even be more dangerous than driving after drinking too much.”可知talking on phone比drinking更危险；从第一段第三句“And talking isn't even the most serious problem, texting is…”可知，texting最危险。

54.【答案】C

【解析】从第三段最后一句“The arrival of new smart phones…as they will allow users to do more things than ever before.”可知新型手机功能多，因此可以推测出它更有趣，结果分散司机的注意力，造成事故。

55.【答案】D

【解析】本文中心意思就是开车时使用手机太危险。实际上，从最后一段“But there is no need to use them while driving.”也可知作者的观点。

56.【答案】D

【解析】根据语境“As a teenager, the highly intelligent boy…”可知李小龙很聪明。

57.【答案】C

【解析】根据语境“…fearing he would end up in prison, sent him to the USA.”可知李小龙曾因打架惹麻烦，家里人害怕他再招惹警察的麻烦。

58.【答案】A

【解析】根据语境“What made Lee's style different was that it used power, strength and, quick﹣action attacks.”可知李小龙的风格与中国传统的功夫不同在于李小龙的功夫更快。

59.【答案】C

【解析】根据语境“his dream of introducing his fighting style into American movies”可知李小龙的梦想是成为电影明星。

60.【答案】B

【解析】根据语境“There he made two films Fists of Fury（1971）and Way of the Dragon（1972）, using his kung-fu ideas and techniques. These were followed by what is widely considered the greatest kung-fu movie of all time, Enter the Dragon（1973）.Lee suddenly and mysteriously died while making his next movie Game of Death.”可知短文提到四个片子，其中Game of Death他未完成。

61.【答案】B

【解析】这个舞会是由纽约市消防局组织的。

【解析】根据“Transport”部分中的“Free Bus service to party leaving city center from 6.30 pm.”参加晚会的公共汽车是免费的。可知参加晚会最便宜的交通方式就是公共汽车。

63.【答案】D

【解析】根据“Activities”部分中的“Live music. Prizes for the best costumes. Children's games before 10pm. Singing competition after midnight.”可知晚会为客人准备了很多不同的活动。

64.【答案】B

【解析】成人的票价是30，不足16的孩子的票价减半，也就是15，如果两个大人，两个14的孩子的票价是90，这家人的花费是90美元。又根据“Parking available（20）per car”停车费是20美元，所以一共花费110美元。

65.【答案】C

【解析】根据本文的主要内容：纽约市消防局组织了一场舞会，晚会举办的时间；晚会的票价；晚会中的活动；晚会的交通方式。可知这主要是宣传这个活动，也就是给这个活动做广告。

五、写作

第一节单词拼写

66.【答案】age

【解析】联系前后语境并观察句子，根据“at the…of 15”这一部分可推知15应该是表示年龄，故而联想到与此有关的at the age of，意为在某人多少岁的时候；结合首字母a更加确认了这一答案，意为在他15岁的时候就上了大学，符合句意。

67.【答案】red

【解析】联系前后语境并根据关键部分“Never cross the street when the traffic lights are”可判断出其后应该跟一个形容词；结合意义并根据常识我们知道当是红灯的时候绝对不能穿越大街；加之后面的关键词green 根据“红灯停，绿灯行”的原则更容易想到其反义词red，结合首字母r，正好和猜测的词相吻合，为red，意为红色的。

68.【答案】bring

【解析】结合前后语境，根据关键词needn't可以知到道由于天不像下雨的样子，因此也就没有必要干什么，所以needn't后面应该跟动词；再根据后面的关键词your umbrella with you我们可以联想到一个短语bring sth with sb.意为随身携带某物，此处意思是随身带着伞；再根据首字母b，正好和bring相一致。

69.【答案】lonely

【解析】结合前后语境并根据关键部分“without any friends in this new city”和关键词feel可知我想念家人并且在陌生的城市没有任何朋友的情况下肯定会有诸如孤单寂寞的这类感觉，这里强调感觉怎么样，feel后

应该跟形容词；再根据首字母l的提示，应确定填入的单词为lonely，意为孤单的，寂寞的，符合句意。70.【答案】find

【解析】根据问句“Where is my watch？”可知我在找手表；再根据答语的关键词can't可以推测出应该是没有找到，其后应该跟一个动词；结合首字母f我们可以很容易地想到find一词，意为找到，强调结果。第二节完成句子

71.【答案】keep in touch

【解析】英语句子中缺失了“保持联系”这部分，和某人保持联系要用动词短语：keep in touch with sb.根据缺失的部分，可知要用keep in touch。

72.【答案】neither…nor/not…or

【解析】通过英汉句子的比对，可知英文句子中缺少“既不…也不”的翻译，再结合句子表达的是“看电影时既不能大声喧哗也不能吃东西”可知否定的是两者，neither可表示“（两者）都不”，其英文表达为neither…nor/not…or。

73.【答案】What a

【解析】根据所给句子是一个感叹句。感叹句的结构为①What+（a/an）+形容词+名词（+主语+谓语）②How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语），根据句子结构可知，beautiful and quiet修饰名词island，是对名词感叹，要用what，又知island是可数名词单数，且beautiful以辅音音素开头，所以填What a。

74.【答案】was invited

【解析】被动语态的构成：were/was+过去分词，说明主语是谓语动词的承受者。根据汉语提示“被邀请”，主语是Mr. White，结合“Last week”，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。

75.【答案】Why they are

【解析】根据“I can't understand（我不明白）”，understand为动词，“明白”的内容为宾语，可知其后需要跟宾语从句。“so crazy about this American singing star”可知宾语从句中缺少的含义为“他们为何”表示为什么，要用why，从句中用陈述句语序，他们用they，主语they为复数，且so crazy为形容词，故谓语动词需要are。

第三节书面表达

【答案】

Dear students,

As we all know, good health is important for success in the exams, so I'm writing to tell you how to keep healthy. First, we should get enough sleep during the night. We can go to bed early and get up early. Staying up late is bad for our health.

Second, we must have the right kinds of food. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat. We should

drink a lot of water. We should have healthy eating habits. Third, we should do more exercise to build up our bodies. Finally, we should wash hands before meals and brush our teeth twice a day. If we don't feel well, we should go to see the doctor at once.

Best wishes and stay healthy.

Yours, Li Hua

【解析】本题要求写一篇如何保持考前健康的公开信。本文所给材料比较详细。写作中注意将所给要点介绍清楚，并提出自己的建议。信的格式已经给出，不需要考虑，结合材料可知本文主要是用第一人称进行叙述，时态为一般现在时态，注意时态与时间状语的搭配问题及主谓一致问题。

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