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福师国际法

福师国际法
福师国际法

《国际法》期末考试A卷

姓名:专业:

学号:学习中心:

成绩:

一、单项选择题(请将答案填在下表中,每题1分,共10分)

1.( B)国际法学界公认的首先使用“国际法”名称的学者。

A、格劳秀斯

B、边沁

C、奥斯汀

D、黑格尔

2. 甲、乙、丙三国订有贸易条约。后甲、乙两国又达成了新的贸易条约,其中许多规定与三国前面所订条约有冲突。新条约中规定,旧条约被新条约取代。甲、乙两国均为《维也纳条约法公约》的缔约国。根据条约法,下列选项中(D )是错误的。

A、旧条约尚未失效

B、新条约须经丙国承认方能生效

C、新条约不能完全取代旧条约

D、丙国与甲、乙两国之间仍适用旧条约

3.实在法学派认为国际法效力的根据是(B )。

A、法律良知

B、自然法

C、国家的共同意志

D、国家的基本权利

4.以下行为中违反国家主权平等原则的是(B )。

A、甲国与乙国签订睦邻友好条约,包含有甲国无偿援助乙国的条款

B、乙国加入某国际组织后,因缺乏人员和资金无法参加国际组织的活动

C、甲国拒绝丙国在其国内修建军事基地

D、丁国外交部公布的世界地图将甲国所属的某岛屿标识为乙国岛屿

5.甲国人艾某在甲国打工时因不满雇主詹某,炸毁了詹某的厂房和住所,逃至乙国。艾某的行为根据甲国刑法,有可能被判处死刑。甲乙两国之间没有任何涉及刑事司法协助方面的双边或多边条约。根据国际法,下列判断中正确的是(A )。

A、如甲国向乙国提出引渡请求,则乙国有义务将艾某引渡给甲国

B、如艾某向乙国提出庇护请求,则乙国有义务对艾某进行庇护

C、乙国可以既不对艾某进行庇护,也不将其引渡给甲国

D、甲国可以在乙国法院对艾某提起刑事诉讼

6.专属经济区的宽度从领海基线量起( C)。

A、不超过200海里

B、不超过350海里

C、不超过188海里

D、不超过176海里

7.国际法上第一个全面禁止战争的国际文件是(B )。

A、《联合国宪章》

B、《海牙第四公约》

C、《纽伦堡国际军事法庭宪章》

D、《巴黎非战公约》

8.一般情况下,在公海上航行的船舶只受(C)的法律管辖。

A、船长国籍国

B、沿海国

C、船舶目的港国

D、船旗国

9.在我国,决定批准与废除同外国缔结的条约和重要协定的是(D )。

A、国家主席

B、全国人大常委

C、国务院

D、外交部

10.国际法院审理特定案件时,除了法院自身的法官出庭外,还可能有当事国的法官出庭,该法官被称为(A )。

A、专案法官

B、聘任法官

C、候补法官

D、临时法官

二、多项选择题(请将答案填在下表中,每题2分,共20分)

1. 1944年《芝加哥公约》将航空器分为民用航空器和国家航空器。下列选项中(ABC )不属于民用航空器因而不适用该公约。

A、英国在利比亚执行轰炸任务的飞机

B、意大利在地中海沿岸缉拿走私的飞机

C、法国在巴黎市区上空巡逻执行保护公共安全的直升机

D、美国飞往中国的固定商业航班

2.根据国际法与我国国内法,当发生我国缔结且未作保留的条约条款与我国相关国内法规定不一致时,以下选项不正确的是(ABCD )。

A、条约一律优先适用于中国国内法

B、如条约属于民事性质,则由全国人大常委确定何者优先适用

C、如条约属于民事范围,则由法院自由裁量

D、如条约属于民事性质,则优先适用条约的规定

3.下列地区中不能作为先占对象的“无主地”的有( BCD)。

A、南极

B、北极

C、国际海底区域

D、月球

4.外交代表与领事官员均有一定的特权与豁免。以下表述中(ABCD )是不正确的。

A、外交代表和领事官员均可被要求在司法或行政程序中到场作证

B、只有领事官员可被要求在司法或行政程序中作证

C、外交代表和领事官员如拒绝作证的,可以对其实施强制措施或处罚

D、只有领事官员拒绝作证时方可对其实施强制措施或处罚

5.自卫权行使的要件有(ABD )。

A、必须针对已经实际发生的武力攻击进行反击

B、必须在安理会采取必要办法之前

C、应立即向安理会报告

D、必须遵守必要性和相称性原则

6.甲国政府与乙国“绿宝”公司在乙国订立了一项环保开发合同,合同履行过程中出现纠纷。“绿宝”公司以甲国政府没有及时按照合同支付有关款项为由诉至乙国法院,甲国政府派代表向法院阐述了甲国一贯坚持的绝对豁免主义立场。如果乙国是采取相对豁免主义的国家,根据目前的国际法规则和实践,下列表述中(ABCD )是正确的。

A、甲国政府订立上述合同行为本身,是一种商业活动,已构成对其国家豁免权的放弃,乙国法院可以管辖

B、甲国政府派代表向法院作出说明,这一事实不意味着甲国已放弃在此诉讼中的国家豁免权

C、即使甲国在其他案件上曾经接受过乙国法院的管辖,也不能意味着,乙国法院在此案中当然地可以管辖

D、乙国法院作出缺席判决后,甲国要求乙国宣布该判决无效。甲国这一行为表明,甲国此前已接受了乙国法院的管辖.

7.以下关于条约继承的国际法规则中正确的是( BD)。

A、与国际法主体资格相关联的条约随着被继承国的消灭而消灭

B、政治性条约一般不继承

C、涉及领土的“非人身性条约”一般均继承

D、有关中立化的条约一般予以继承

E、友好同盟条约、共同防御条约一般予以继承

8.根据《联合国宪章》,一国能成为联合国会员国的条件有(ACD )。

A、爱好和平

B、愿意接受宪章义务,经联合国确认能并愿意履行该项义务的

C、须经安理会推荐

D、须经大会到会及投票的会员国2/3多数通过

9.根据国际法相关规则,关于国际争端解决方式,下列表述中(ABCD )是正确的。

A、甲乙两国就界河使用发生纠纷,丙国为支持甲国可出面进行武装干涉

B、甲乙两国发生边界争端,丙国总统可出面进行调停

C、甲乙两国可书面协议将两国的专属经济区争端提交联合国国际法院,国际法院对此争端拥有管辖权

D、国际法院可就国际争端解决提出咨询意见,该意见具有法律拘束力

10.战争与武装冲突法限制的作战手段与方法有(ABD )

A、核武器

B、化学武器

C、背信弃义的作战手段和方法

D、无差别攻击

三、名词解释(每题5分,共20分)

1.领海:沿海国主权管辖下与其海岸或内水相邻的一定宽度的海域,是国家领土的组成部分。

2.外交保护权:是指一国针对其国民因另一国的国际不法行为而受到损害,以国家名义为该国民采取的外交行动或其他和平解决手段。

3.条约的保留:条约的保留是指“一国于签署、批准、接受、赞同或加入条约时所作之片面声明,不论措辞或名称为何,其目的在于摒除或更改条约中若干规定对该国使用之时之法律效果”。

4.国际强行法:是国际法上一系列具有法律拘束力的特殊原则和规范的总称,这

类原则和规范由国际社会成员作为整体通过条约或习惯,以明示或默示的方式接受并承认为具有绝对强制性,且非同等强行性质之国际法规则不得予以更改,任何条约或行为(包括作为与不作为)如与之相抵触,归于无效。

四、简答题(每题10分,共10分)

1.简述领土先占与时效制度的区别。

答:国际法上时效的概念是指一国对他国领土进行长期占有之后,在很长时间他国并不对此提出抗议和反对,或曾有过抗议和反对,但已经停止这种抗议和反对,从而使该国对他国的领土的占有不再受到干扰,占有现状逐渐符合国际秩序的一种领土取得的行为,而不论最初的占有是否合法或善意。先占是指一个国家有意识的取得当时不在任何其他国家主权之下的土地的主权的一种占取行为。两者的不同主要体现在以下几方面:

(1)时效和先占制度的客体不同。依时效取得的是别国的领土。先占的对象是不属于任何国家的土地,即无主土地。传统国际法认为无主土地是不属于任何国家的荒芜土地,或虽有土著人居住,但尚未形成国家的土地。但现代国际法不认可这种主张,国际法院1975年在关于西撒哈拉问题的咨询意见中指出,根据国际实践,凡有部落或人民居住并有一定的社会和政治组织的地方,就不能认为是无主地。

(2)构成条件不同。依时效取得领土必须是一国占有肘国领土在很长时期内不受干扰,而且原属国已停止抗议并且放弃其权利主张。是否构成先占取决于国家的这种行为是否符合有效占领原则,即先占必须具备两个要素:占领和行政管理,如设立居民点、悬挂国旗、建立行政机构等。

五、论述题(每题20分,共40分)

1.请论述《条约法公约》中规定的条约无效的情形。

答:根据《条约法公约》的规定,如果一项条约存在以下情况即为无效:明显违反国内法关于缔约权限的规定;当事国意思表示不真实;与一般的国际强行法相抵触。其中,一方使用强制手段迫使另一方订立条约的行为,包括对一方谈判代表实施的强迫与对国家和其他国际法主体的强迫,因违反当事方的真实意思而导致条约无效。

2.请论述国际法院的管辖权。

答:(1)诉讼管辖权是指国际法院审理争端当事国提交的诉讼案件的权利。(2)国际法院的诉讼当事国包括以下三类国家;

联合国会员国;

<2>《国际法院规约》的当事国;

<3>其他国家,按联合国宪章规定,预先向国际法院交存声明,表明承认国际法院管辖权,保证执行国际法院的判决的国家。

(3)国际法院受理的案件:

当事国自愿提交的一切案件;

<2>《联合国宪章》规定或其他现行条约及协定中所规定提交的一切案件;

<3>根据《国际法院规约》第36条规定提交的案件。

问学阅读答案

篇一:问学阅读答案 篇二:问学阅读答案 您的位置:>>师旷问学阅读答案_师旷问学翻译赏析_古诗大全文言文《师旷问学》选自,其原文如下:【原文】晋平公问于师旷曰:吾年七十,欲学,恐已暮矣。师旷曰:何不秉烛乎?平公曰:安有为人臣而戏其君乎?师旷曰:盲臣安敢戏君乎?臣闻之:"少而好学,如日出之阳;壮而好学,如日中之光;老而好学,如秉烛之明。秉烛之明,孰与昧行乎?平公曰:善哉!【注释】(1)晋平公:春秋时期晋国君主。(2)师旷:晋国乐师,字子野。(3)于:对,向。(4)恐:恐惧;害怕。(5)暮:晚了,迟了。(6)秉烛:点烛。当时的烛只是火把,还不是后来的蜡烛。(7)安:疑问代词,怎么,哪里。(8)戏:戏弄(9)其:自己的。(10)盲臣:师旷为盲人,故自称。意为眼盲的臣子。(11)闻:听说。(12)阳:太阳的光亮。(13)孰与:固定格式,常用作比较选择,译作与相比,哪一个。(14)昧行:在黑暗中行走。昧,黑暗。【翻译】晋平公问师旷,说:我已经七十岁了,想要学习,但是恐怕已经晚了。师旷回答说:为什么不点上火把呢?平公说:哪有做臣子的和君主开玩笑的呢?师旷说:我是一个双目失明的人,怎敢戏弄君主。我曾听说:少年的时候喜欢学习,就像初升的太阳一样;中年的时候喜欢学习,就像正午的太阳一样;晚年的时候喜欢学习,就像点火烛一样明亮,点上火烛和暗中走路哪个好呢?平公说:讲得好啊! 篇三:问学阅读答案 【问题1】(1)解释下面加点的字.①问于师旷②安敢戏君乎③如日出之阳④孰与昧行乎(2)晋平公想学习,却又"恐已暮矣",他所说的"暮"指什么?他为什么有这样的担心?(3)师旷的回答,说明他将"暮"理解成什么意思?他为什么要这样理解?(4)师旷的劝说效果如何?从文中什么地方可以看出?(5)这则故事告诉我们的道理是什么?1、①向②怎么③明亮④同……一样2、暮指时间晚,迟了.他有这样的担心是因为他怕来不及学,学了没用了3、暮指天黑,夜晚.师旷借题发挥,引出"秉烛"之喻.4、达到劝说的目的,"善哉!"5、活到老,学到老.或学无止境,终身学习,受益终生.【问题2】1.师旷是怎样论好学的?这番言论巧妙在何处?.文中的晋平公年逾七十想要学习,恐怕为时已晚,而师旷却劝他炳烛而学.接着师旷又打了三个比喻,年少时喜欢学习,好像是太阳刚刚出来时的阳光;壮年时喜欢学习,好像是正午的阳光,老年时喜欢学习,好像是点燃蜡烛照明时的光亮.师旷很巧妙地点明老年时读书虽然赶不上少年和壮年时,但与摸黑走路相比较,还是好得多.2.师旷论好学的道理对你有何启示?有志不在年高,活到老,学到老.只要有目标,有恒心,有信心,有决定,年纪、性别、身份都是和成功无关的.3.有哪些反问句“何不炳烛乎?”“安有为人臣而戏其君乎?”“盲臣安敢戏其君?孰与昧行乎?”4.“善哉”句中的“善”的字面意义和蕴含的深层意义分别是什么?字面意义:赞许.深层意义:平公对师旷的赞许.“少”、“壮”、“老”分别指什么?指:少年、壮年、老年.篇四:问学阅读答案 篇五:问学阅读答案

仁爱英语八年级上册Unit 2 Topic 1 课文原文英汉互译

UNIT 2 Food and Health\n 第二单元食物与健康\n Topic 1 You should go to see a doctor.\n 话题1 你应该去看医生。\n Section A\n A部分\n 1a Listen, read and say\n 1a 听、读与说\n Betty: What's wrong with you? Do you have a cold?\n 贝蒂:你怎么了?你感冒了?\n Kangkang: No, I don't. I have a toothache.\n 康康:不,不是。我牙疼。\n Betty: I'm sorry to hear that. You should see a dentist.\n 贝蒂:听到这个消息我感到很难过。你应该去看牙医。\n Kangkang: I think I will.\n 康康:我想是要去看的。\n Betty: I hope you'll be well soon.\n 贝蒂:我希望你很快就没事了。\n Kangkang: Thank you.\n 康康:谢谢你。\n Section B\n B部分\n 1a Listen, read and say\n 1a 听、读与说\n Steve: Hey, Bruce. You look pale. What's the matter?\n 史蒂夫:嘿,布鲁斯。你看起来很苍白。怎么了?\n Bruce: Well, I have a headache and a cough. I'm feeling terrible! \n 布鲁斯:呃,我头疼还咳嗽。我觉得很难受!\n Steve: I'm sorry to hear that. How long have you been like this?\n

英汉互译模拟题

21. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are. 只有当我们看东西不清楚时,我们才意识到我们的眼晴是多么地重要。 22. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. 这些远视的人们能看清远处的东西,但是他们读书却很困难,除非他们把书举到一臂远的距离处去看。 23. The same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true. 同样的理论代代相传,而且总是正确。 24. Events that the older generation remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. 老一代记忆犹新的重大历史事件对年轻人来说不过是过眼烟云而已。 25. What they reject more than anything is conformity. 他们所厌恶的莫过于循规蹈矩。 26. These are not questions the old generations can shrug off lightly. 对于这些问题,老一代人确实不予附合。 27. Most customers who go to a supermarket buy from a shopping list. 大多数去超市的顾客都要按程序购物。 28. The comfort and convenience of shopping centers is another factor which makes them popular with customers. 购物中心舒适而且方便,这是超市受人的另外一个原因。 29. Most of the ill health we suffer could be prevented if people made more effort to change their life styles. 如果人们努力去改变生活方式,就能远离大多数的疾病。 30. Similarly all advertising of alcohol should be banned and compensation paid to families of alcoholics who die of the liver disease. 同样所有的酒类广告都应当被禁止,对于那些因喝酒导致生病,最终死亡的人应当赔偿。

2019秋福师《高级英语阅读(二)》在线作业一 参考答案

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